WO1980000281A1 - Process for manufacturing an insulator of electrically insulating material - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing an insulator of electrically insulating material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1980000281A1
WO1980000281A1 PCT/CH1979/000075 CH7900075W WO8000281A1 WO 1980000281 A1 WO1980000281 A1 WO 1980000281A1 CH 7900075 W CH7900075 W CH 7900075W WO 8000281 A1 WO8000281 A1 WO 8000281A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulator
electrically conductive
coated
conductive material
electrically
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1979/000075
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
P Klee
Original Assignee
Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
P Klee
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie, P Klee filed Critical Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
Publication of WO1980000281A1 publication Critical patent/WO1980000281A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
    • H02G5/06—Totally-enclosed installations, e.g. in metal casings
    • H02G5/063—Totally-enclosed installations, e.g. in metal casings filled with oil or gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
    • H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an insulator consisting of electrically insulating material, in particular an insulator made of casting resin for a metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear assembly, which has surfaces which are coated with conductive material in a casting mold.
  • Metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated busbars or other inner conductors in metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear must be kept inside the encapsulation, insulated from the outer encapsulation. This is carried out by means of disk-shaped insulators which - in the case of single-phase encapsulation - have a central hole through which the inner conductor extends or - in the case of a three-phase encapsulated arrangement - have three holes at the corners of a triangle, which serve to hold and insulate the three phase conductors.
  • Isolator i.e. the inner surface of the insulator electrically conductive materials such as Introduces conductive varnish or conductive casting resins.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method with which a conductive plastic can be permanently, impact and scratch-resistant attached to the inner surface of an insulator.
  • This object is achieved in that the surfaces of the casting mold, which are in the area of the surfaces to be coated with electrically conductive material on the insulator, are first coated with a release agent and then with an electrically conductive material, and then the casting mold with the electrical insulating material is poured out.
  • a special embodiment of insulators for high-voltage switchgear is that the outer surface of the projection is coated with a release agent, then with an electrically conductive material, in particular a conductive varnish, then with an additional, preferably thixotropic, insulating varnish, and then the casting mold is coated with the electrically insulating material is poured to form the insulator.
  • a conductive lacquer tailored to the respective requirements is applied to the protrusion or the core of the casting mold for the recesses and, if present, the solvent contained is evaporated.
  • the conductive varnish is then covered with a thixotropic insulating varnish. Both the lead and the Insulating varnish must be adjusted so that it is dry on the surface (hardened) until it is cast with casting resin.
  • the casting resin is then poured into the mold to produce the insulator and the corresponding curing procedure is carried out.
  • the insulator is removed. This creates a uniform molded body without separating layers and without the associated adhesion problems.
  • Fig. 1 is a mold for producing a
  • Fig. 2 shows a partial section through the layer on the
  • the casting mold consists of a cup-shaped lower mold part 10, with a bottom part 12 and with a cylinder-like shape 14 that runs perpendicular to the bottom part 12 and serves as a wall of the casting mold.
  • a. molded as a casting core projection 16 which tapers slightly conically towards its free end.
  • the outer surface of the projection 16 is coated with a release agent (not shown) and then with a layer of conductive plastic, in particular conductive lacquer 20. If solvent is present in the conductive lacquer 20, it is evaporated. Thereafter, the conductive varnish 20 is covered by spraying with a thixotropic insulating varnish 22, the task of which is to prevent conductive particles from possibly being washed out of the conductive varnish. It is necessary that the conductive varnish and the insulating varnish are only dry on the surface. As soon as this degree of dryness is reached, the casting mold is closed with a mold upper part 24 and poured with casting resin in order to produce the insulator 18. Then the mold with the insulator is subjected to a curing process. When the casting resin, the conductive and insulating varnish have hardened, the insulator can be removed; this creates a uniform molded body without separating layers and without the associated hardening problems.
  • the casting resin from which the insulator is made is preferably an epoxy liquid resin with high temperature resistance.
  • the resin base of the conductive lacquer and the covering or insulating lacquer is matched to this casting resin.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of the isolator. You can see the insulator 18, on the
  • the inner surface of the insulating layer 22 and the conductive lacquer layer 20 are applied.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

To manufacture a partition insulator (18) intended to switches having a sealed housing containing SF6 and to form an electrically conductive layer (20), the surfaces of the casting mould, which are located in the zone of the electrically conducted surfaces of the insulator, are first coated with a separation product and then with an electrically conductive material, and finally the mould is filled with electrically insulating material.

Description

"Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus elektrisch isolierendem Material bestehenden Isolators""Method for producing an insulator made of electrically insulating material"
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus elektrisch isolierendem Material bestehenden Isolators, insbesondere -eines Isolators aus Giessharz für eine metallgekapselte, gasisolierte Hochspannungsschaltanlage, welcher Flächen aufweis, die mit leitfähigem Material beschichtet sind, in einer Giessform.The invention relates to a method for producing an insulator consisting of electrically insulating material, in particular an insulator made of casting resin for a metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear assembly, which has surfaces which are coated with conductive material in a casting mold.
Metallgekapselte, gasisolierte Sammelschienen oder andere Innenleiter in metallgekapselten, gasisolierten Hoch- spannungsschaltanlagen müssen von der Aussenkapselung isoliert innerhalb der Kapselung gehaltert werden. Dies erfolgt mittels scheibenförmiger Isolatoren, welche - bei einphasiger Kapselung - eine mittlere Bohrung aufweisen, durch welche der Innenleiter hindurchgreift bzw. - bei dreiphasig gekapselter Anordnung - drei Bohrungen an den Ecken eines Dreiecks aufweisen, welche der Halterung und der Isolierung der drei Phasenleiter dienen. Zwischen dem Phasehleiter selbst und der Innenfläche des Isolators, die dem Innenleiter direkt benachbart ist, besteht eine Problemzone, da dort ein Potentialabfall durch das Isoliergas zu Entladungen und damit zu Beschädigungen des Isolators führen kann. Man versucht daher, die leitfähige Zone so dicht wie möglich an die Innenfläche des Isolators heranzubringen. Dies kann man dadurch erreichen, daß man in den Isolator Armaturen eingießt oder daß man zwischen dem Innenleiter und demMetal-encapsulated, gas-insulated busbars or other inner conductors in metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear must be kept inside the encapsulation, insulated from the outer encapsulation. This is carried out by means of disk-shaped insulators which - in the case of single-phase encapsulation - have a central hole through which the inner conductor extends or - in the case of a three-phase encapsulated arrangement - have three holes at the corners of a triangle, which serve to hold and insulate the three phase conductors. There is a problem zone between the phase conductor itself and the inner surface of the insulator, which is directly adjacent to the inner conductor, since there a drop in potential due to the insulating gas can lead to discharges and thus damage to the insulator. An attempt is therefore made to bring the conductive zone as close as possible to the inner surface of the insulator. This can be achieved by pouring fittings into the isolator or by placing between the inner conductor and the
Isolator, d.h. der Innenfläche des Isolators elektrisch leitfähige Materialien, wie z.B. Leitlack oder leitfähige Gießharze einbringt.Isolator, i.e. the inner surface of the insulator electrically conductive materials such as Introduces conductive varnish or conductive casting resins.
Um diesen Leitlack einzubringen, wird bekanntlich der fertig gegossene Isolator an den kritischen Stellen mit einem leitfähigen Kunststoff beschichtet, beispielsweise mit Leitlack. Für eine gute Haftung des Leitlackes ist ei gründliche Reinigung bzw. Vorbehandlung des Untergrundes erforderlich. Man erzielt eine derartige gründliche Reinigung beispielsweise durch Abwaschen mit Lösungsmitteln oder durch Sandstrahlen und ähnlichen Verfahren. Dennoch ist die Haftung nicht so gut, als daß auf Dauer ein Abplatzen immer verhindert werden könnte. Insbesondere besteht bei der Montage die Gefahr, daß Beschädigungen auftreten.In order to introduce this conductive lacquer, it is known that the cast insulator is coated at the critical points with a conductive plastic, for example with conductive lacquer. Thorough cleaning or pretreatment of the substrate is required for good adhesion of the conductive varnish. Such thorough cleaning can be achieved, for example, by washing with solvents or by sandblasting and similar processes. Nevertheless, the liability is not so good that chipping can always be prevented in the long run. In particular there is a risk of damage during assembly.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem ein leitfähiger Kunststoff dauerhaft, schlag- und kratzfest auf der Innenfläche eines Isolators anbringbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a method with which a conductive plastic can be permanently, impact and scratch-resistant attached to the inner surface of an insulator.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Flächen der Gießform, die im Bereich der mit elektrisch leitfähigem Material zu beschichtenden Flächen am Isolator liegen, zunächst mit einem Trennmittel und danach mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material beschichtet werden, und daß danach die GieSform mit dem elektrisch isolierenden Material ausgegossen wird.This object is achieved in that the surfaces of the casting mold, which are in the area of the surfaces to be coated with electrically conductive material on the insulator, are first coated with a release agent and then with an electrically conductive material, and then the casting mold with the electrical insulating material is poured out.
Eine besondere Ausgestaltung bei Isolatoren für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen geht dahin, daß die Außenfläche des Vorsprunges mit einem Trennmittel, danach mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material, insbesondere einen Leitlack, danach mit einem zusätzlichen vorzugsweise thixotropierten Isolierlack beschichtet wird, und daß danach die Gießform mit dem elektrisch isolierenden Material zur Bildung des Isolators ausgegossen wird. Mit anderen Worten:A special embodiment of insulators for high-voltage switchgear is that the outer surface of the projection is coated with a release agent, then with an electrically conductive material, in particular a conductive varnish, then with an additional, preferably thixotropic, insulating varnish, and then the casting mold is coated with the electrically insulating material is poured to form the insulator. In other words:
Ein auf die jeweiligen Anforderungen abgestimmter Leitlack wird auf den Vorsprung oder den Kern der Gießform für die Ausnehmungen aufgetragen und, soweit vorhanden, das enthaltene Lösungsmittel abgedunstet. Danach wird der Leitlack durch überspritzen mit einem thixotropierten Isolierlack abgedeckt. Sowohl der Leit- als auch der Isolierlack müssen so eingestellt werden, daß sie bis zum Vergießen mit Gießharz oberflächig trocken (angehärtet) sind.A conductive lacquer tailored to the respective requirements is applied to the protrusion or the core of the casting mold for the recesses and, if present, the solvent contained is evaporated. The conductive varnish is then covered with a thixotropic insulating varnish. Both the lead and the Insulating varnish must be adjusted so that it is dry on the surface (hardened) until it is cast with casting resin.
Danach wird zur Herstellung des Isolators das Gießharz in die Gießform eingegossen und die entsprechende Aushärteprozedur durchgeführt. Wenn sowohl das Gießharz als auch der Leitlack und der Isolierlack ausgehärtet sind, wird der Isolator herausgenommen. Dadurch entsteht ein einheitlicher Formkörper ohne Trennschichten und ohne den damit verbundenen Haftungsproblemen.The casting resin is then poured into the mold to produce the insulator and the corresponding curing procedure is carried out. When the casting resin as well as the conductive varnish and the insulating varnish have hardened, the insulator is removed. This creates a uniform molded body without separating layers and without the associated adhesion problems.
Anhand der Zeichnung soll ein erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert werden.An embodiment of the invention according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigtIt shows
Fig. 1 eine Gießform zur Herstellung einesFig. 1 is a mold for producing a
Isolators für eine einphasige Sammelschiene undIsolators for a single phase busbar and
Fig. 2 einen Teilschnitt durch die Schicht an derFig. 2 shows a partial section through the layer on the
Innenfläche des Isolators in vergrößertemInner surface of the insulator in enlarged
Maßstab.Scale.
Die Gießform besteht aus einem napfförmigen Formunterteil 10, mit einem Bodenteil 12 und mit einer zylinderartig ausgebildeten, senkrecht zum Bodenteil 12 verlaufenden als Wand der Gießform dienenden Ausformung 14. In der Mitte des Bodenteils ist ein. als Gießkern dienender Vorsprung 16 angeformt, der leicht konisch zu seinem freien Ende hin zuläuft. Um das Herstellungsverfahren durchzuführen, werden folgende Schritte erforderlich:The casting mold consists of a cup-shaped lower mold part 10, with a bottom part 12 and with a cylinder-like shape 14 that runs perpendicular to the bottom part 12 and serves as a wall of the casting mold. In the middle of the bottom part there is a. molded as a casting core projection 16 which tapers slightly conically towards its free end. To perform the manufacturing process, the following steps are required:
Man beschichtet zunächst die Außenfläche des Vorsprunges 16 mit einem Trennmittel (nicht gezeigt) und danach mit einer Schicht aus leitfähigem Kunststoff, insbesondere Leitlack 20. Soweit in dem Leitlack 20 Lösungsmittel vorhanden ist, wird dieses abgedunstet. Danach wird der Leitlack 20 durch überspritzen mit einem thixotropischen Isolierlack 22 abgedeckt, dessen Aufgabe es ist, zu verhindern, daß leitfähige Partikel eventuell aus dem Leitlack ausgeschwemmt werden. Es ist erforderlich, daß der Leitlack und der Jsolierlack nur oberflächig trocken ist. Sobald dieser Trockenheitsgrad erreicht ist, wird die Gießform mit einem Formober teil 24 geschlossen und mit Gießharz ausgegossen, um den Isolator 18 herzustellen. Danach wird die Gießform mit dem Isolator einem Aushärteprozeß unterworfen. Wenn das Gießharz, der Leit- und Isolierlack ausgehärtet sind, kann der Isolator herausgenommen werden; dadurch ist ein einheitlicher Formkörper ohne Trennschichten und ohne den damit verbundenen Härtungsproblemen geschaffen.First, the outer surface of the projection 16 is coated with a release agent (not shown) and then with a layer of conductive plastic, in particular conductive lacquer 20. If solvent is present in the conductive lacquer 20, it is evaporated. Thereafter, the conductive varnish 20 is covered by spraying with a thixotropic insulating varnish 22, the task of which is to prevent conductive particles from possibly being washed out of the conductive varnish. It is necessary that the conductive varnish and the insulating varnish are only dry on the surface. As soon as this degree of dryness is reached, the casting mold is closed with a mold upper part 24 and poured with casting resin in order to produce the insulator 18. Then the mold with the insulator is subjected to a curing process. When the casting resin, the conductive and insulating varnish have hardened, the insulator can be removed; this creates a uniform molded body without separating layers and without the associated hardening problems.
Das Gießharz, aus dem der Isolator besteht, ist vorzugsweise ein Epoxid-Flüssigkeitsharz mit hoher Temperaturbeständigkeit. Auf diesen Gießharz ist die Harzbasis des Leitlackes und des Abdeck- oder Isolierlackes abgestimmt.The casting resin from which the insulator is made is preferably an epoxy liquid resin with high temperature resistance. The resin base of the conductive lacquer and the covering or insulating lacquer is matched to this casting resin.
Die Figur 2 zeigt einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des Isolators. Man erkennt den Isolator 18, auf dessenFIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of the isolator. You can see the insulator 18, on the
Innenfläche die Isoϊierläckschicht 22 und die Leitlackschicht 20 aufgebracht sind. The inner surface of the insulating layer 22 and the conductive lacquer layer 20 are applied.

Claims

A n s p r ü c h e Expectations
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus elektrisch isolierendem Material bestehenden Isolators, insbesondere eines Isolators aus Gießharz für eine metallgekapselte, gasisolierte Hochspannungsschaltanlage, welcher Flächen aufweist, die mit leitfähigem Material beschichtet sind, in einer Gießform, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flächen der Gießform, die im Bereich der mit elektrisch leitfähigem Material zu beschichtenden Flächen am Isolator liegen, zunächst mit einem Trennmittel und danach mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material beschichtet werden, und daß danach die Gießform mit dem elektrisch' isolierenden Material ausgegossen wird.1. A method for producing an insulator consisting of electrically insulating material, in particular an insulator made of casting resin for a metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear assembly, which has surfaces which are coated with conductive material, in a casting mold, characterized in that the surfaces of the casting mold, the lie in the area of the surfaces to be coated with electrically conductive material on the insulator, first coated with a release agent and then with an electrically conductive material, and then the casting mold is poured out with the electrically 'insulating material.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektrisch leitfähige Material ein Leitlack ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive material is a conductive lacquer.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitfähige3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrically conductive
Masse so eingestellt ist, daß sie bis zum Umgießen zur Bildung des Isolators, oberflächig trocken (angehärtet) ist. Mass is set so that it is dry (hardened) on the surface until it is poured to form the insulator.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf das elektrisch leitfähige Material auf der Form zusätzlich Isoliermaterial aufgebracht wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that additional insulating material is applied to the electrically conductive material on the mold.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Isoliermaterial ein thixotropierter Isolierlack ist.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the insulating material is a thixotropic insulating lacquer.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sowohl die elektrisch leitfähige Masse als auch der als Abdecklack dienende Isolierlack so eingestellt sind, daß sie bis zum Umgießen mit Gießharz oberflächig trocken (angehärtet) sind.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that both the electrically conductive mass and the insulating varnish serving as a covering varnish are set so that they are dry (hardened) on the surface until cast with casting resin.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Isolators für eine metallgekapselte, gasisolierte Hochspannungsschaltanlage mit wenigstens einer Ausnehmung, welche im in der Hochspannungsschaltanlage eingebauten Zustand von einem Innenleiter durchgriffen wird und auf welcher Innenfläche das leitfähige Material angebracht ist, in einer Gießform, die wenigstens einen kegelartigen Vorsprung oder einen kegelartigen Kern zur Bildung der wenigstens einen Ausnehmung aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenfläche des Vorsprunges mit einem Trennmittel, danach mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material, insbesondere einem Leitlack, danach mit einem zusätzlichen vorzugsweise thixotropierten Isolierlack beschichtet wird, und daß danach die Gießform mit dem elektrisch isolierenden Material zur Bildung des Isolators ausgegossen wird. 7. A method for producing an insulator for a metal-encapsulated, gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear assembly with at least one recess which is penetrated by an inner conductor in the state installed in the high-voltage switchgear assembly and on which inner surface the conductive material is attached, in a casting mold which has at least one conical projection or has a cone-like core to form the at least one recess, characterized in that the outer surface of the projection is coated with a release agent, then with an electrically conductive material, in particular a conductive lacquer, then with an additional, preferably thixotropic, insulating lacquer, and then the casting mold is coated with the electrically insulating material is poured to form the insulator.
PCT/CH1979/000075 1978-07-24 1979-05-23 Process for manufacturing an insulator of electrically insulating material WO1980000281A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2832458 1978-07-24
DE19782832458 DE2832458A1 (en) 1978-07-24 1978-07-24 METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ISOLATOR MADE OF ELECTRICALLY ISOLATING MATERIAL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1980000281A1 true WO1980000281A1 (en) 1980-02-21

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ID=6045242

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1979/000075 WO1980000281A1 (en) 1978-07-24 1979-05-23 Process for manufacturing an insulator of electrically insulating material

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0015996A1 (en)
DE (1) DE2832458A1 (en)
HU (1) HU177175B (en)
WO (1) WO1980000281A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1539056A (en) * 1967-07-12 1968-09-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Weatherproof electrical insulating parts
FR2340184A1 (en) * 1976-02-04 1977-09-02 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Crosslinked mouldings with lacquered surfaces - produced whilst moulding synthetics and elastomers (NL 8.8.77)
DE2625071A1 (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-12-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric insulator with controlled surface conductivity - uses implantation of volumes of ions close to surface
DE2624908A1 (en) * 1976-06-03 1977-12-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie THREE-PHASE ENCLOSED, COMPRESSED GAS INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1539056A (en) * 1967-07-12 1968-09-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Weatherproof electrical insulating parts
FR2340184A1 (en) * 1976-02-04 1977-09-02 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Crosslinked mouldings with lacquered surfaces - produced whilst moulding synthetics and elastomers (NL 8.8.77)
DE2624908A1 (en) * 1976-06-03 1977-12-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie THREE-PHASE ENCLOSED, COMPRESSED GAS INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR
DE2625071A1 (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-12-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric insulator with controlled surface conductivity - uses implantation of volumes of ions close to surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2832458A1 (en) 1980-02-14
HU177175B (en) 1981-08-28
EP0015996A1 (en) 1980-10-01

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