Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
  • A61K8/29—Titanium; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/55—Phosphorus compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/58—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/58—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
  • A61K8/585—Organosilicon compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/69—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing fluorine
  • A61K8/70—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing fluorine containing perfluoro groups, e.g. perfluoroethers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8105—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8117—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic olefines, e.g. polystyrene; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8147—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof, e.g. crotonic acid, (meth)acrylic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/58—Metal complex; Coordination compounds

Definitions

• This invention relates to compositions for topical application to teeth. More particularly it relates to compositions and methods u s e f u l in inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria and the formation of plaque on teeth in an oral environment.
• Dental plaque results when cariogenic bacteria (e.g. Streptococcus Mutans) collect in colonies on the surface of teeth and form a tenacious deposit thereon.
• cariogenic bacteria e.g. Streptococcus Mutans
• fluoride solutions or gels have b e e n used.
• Such treatments are typically performed in a dental office at periodic, but not frequent, intervals so as to render the tooth enamel more resistant to the acid action caused by plaque.
• Such treatments do not, however, result in plaque control for an extended period.
• a dentifrice composition which contains a water-dispersible, membrane-forming material which membrane-forming material, when applied to the surface of a tooth in an oral environment, attaches thereto and forms a substantially continuous hydrophobic barrier thereon.
• Dentifrice Compositions Compositions for topical application to the teeth such as mouthwashes or rinses, toothpastes, toothpowders, gels, etc. Water Dispersible
• a layer which does not adsorb or absorb water is not adsorb or absorb water.
• compositions of the present invention contain at least about 0.005% and most preferably from about 0.01% to 5%, by weight of . the membrane-forming material.
• a method for inhibiting plaque formation which comprises contacting teeth with an effective amount of the above-described composition .
• compositions of the invention provide a simple and effective composition and process by which cariogenic bacteria and plaque formation may be controlled.
• the barrier formed by compositions of the invention may itself provide the desired control (e.g. it may be toxic to cariogenic bacteria) or it may reduce the diffusion of therapeutic agents (e.g. caries-preventing agents such as fluoride treatments) therethrough thereby prolonging the effectiveness of such agents.
• compositions of the invention may achieve the desired control by a combination of each of these methods. In either event it is only necessary to apply the compositions of the invention periodically (e.g. once daily). Best Mode For Carrying Out The Invention
• compositions of the invention may be applied to the teeth by a variety of techniques such as painting or brushing, bathing, spraying, and rinsing. Other means of application are also possible and will be obvious to those skilled in the art as a result of this disclosure.
• a variety of materials are useful as the membrane-forming material. They include polymeric and nonpolymeric ionic and nonionic materials. Ionic materials are attracted to either the positive or negative electrode during electrolysis. Thus, anionic materials are attracted to the positive electrode and cationic materials are attracted to the negative electrode. Nonionic materials are those materials which are not attracted to either of the electrodes during electrolysis.
• Useful anionic membrane-forming materials are believed to attach to tooth surfaces and form a substantially continuous barrier thereon by complexing with calcium present in the teeth.
• the strength of the complex structure formed may be represented by the formation constant of the complexing agent. This constant is expressed in terms of log 10 K and is based upon the complex formed between the membrane-forming material and an organic ligand. The formation constant is measured at about 25°C. and an ionic strength approaching 0 from the following:
• [M] represents the concentration of the membrane-forming material
• [L] represents the concentration of the organic ligand
• [ML] represents the concentration of the complex at equilibriurn.
• the formation constant of useful anionic membrane-forming materials is in the range of about 0.5 to 8. Preferably, it is in the range of about 0.6 to 6.
• a formation. constant of more than 8 indicates a very strong calcium complexor. Such complexors tend to decalcify the tooth (i.e. withdraw the calcium from the tooth) thereby weakening its resistance to disease and wear.
• polymeric anionic Membrane-Forming Materials include: polyacrylic acid having the repeating unit available in a wide range of mole cular weights (e.g. from about 2,000 to
• mol ecu l ar weight of about 2,000,000 and available from Dow Chemical Company; sodium polysulfonate having the repeating unit a molecular weight in the range of
• R f is a fluorinated, saturated aliphatic radical
• Q is a divalent radical through which R f and Z are linked together
• Z is an an i o n i c radical
• d is 0 or 1
• m is an integer of at least 1; provided that when d is 0, m is 1 or 2;
• R 1 is a hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl radical, containing from about 6 to 24 carbon atoms, A is hydrogen or a cation;
• R 2 is a hydrocarbon group containing from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
• the R f radicals usually are monovalent. Moreover, they are stable, inert, nonpolar moieties which can be both oleophobic and hydrophobic. They can be straight chain or branched chain radicals. Additionally, if the radicals are sufficiently large, they may be cyclic or combinations of cyclic and branched and straight chain, (e.g. al kylcycloal iphatic radicals).
• the skeletal chain of the R f radical can include catenary oxygen and/or trivalent nitrogen hetero atoms bonded only to carbon atoms. Such hetero atoms provide stable linkages between fluorocarbon groups and do not interfere with the inert character of the radical.
• R f has from about 4 to 16 carbon atoms.
• R f generally contains about 40-80 weight percent, and preferably about 50-80 weight percent fluorine so that the fluorochemical material of formula I will contain from about 4 to 70 weight percent fluorine.
• the most preferred anionic fluorochemical materials are those in which the R f group is fully or substantially fully fluorinated.
• the preferred R f groups are perfluoroalkyl groups
• the terminal portion of the R f group preferably contains a -CF 3 group, and most preferably has at least three fully fluorinated carbon atoms, (e.g. CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 -).
• the Q radical may be monovalent or polyvalent (i.e. at least polyvalent). It must not interfere with the formation of the complex structure between the Z radicals and the tooth surfaces.
• Useful Q radicals include hydrocarbon groups containing from about 1 to 30 carbon atoms, oxygen, sulfur and -SO 2 O-.
• the hydrocarbon groups may be straight or branched chain radicals and may include unsaturation and aromatic groups.
• the hydrocarbon groups may contain heteroatoms in the skeletal, chain. Typically the hetero atoms are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sul fur.
• Useful Z radicals are anionic in character and complex with calcium ions. Preferably they are l t d f
• R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl and mercapto;
• R 4 is selected from the group consisting of sulfur and oxygen;
• R 5 is an alkyl radical containing from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R 6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydroxyl;
• R 7 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and alkali metals (especially sodium and potassium); and
• e is an integer of 1 or 2.
• the carboxylic acids may be straight or branched chain and may contain unsaturation in the backbone. Preferably, however, the acids have fully saturated backbones.
• the acid should be provided as a water-soluble salt thereof.
• useful organic phosphates include (C 16 H 33 O) 2 POOH and (C 18 H 37 O) 2 POOH. d. Other Anionic And Non-Polymeric Materials
• Examples of still other useful anionic nonpolymeric materials include sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (i.e. commercially available as
• Useful cationic membrane-forming materials are believed to attach to tooth surfaces via a complexing interaction between the cationic portion of the material and the proteinaceous portion of the tooth.
• polymeric Cationic Membrane-Forming Materials include polydimeryl polyamine, a polydimeryl polyamide which has (molecular weight of about 8000, amine number of about 120, available from General Mills Chemi cal Co.); polyethylene imine which has the repeating unit (CH 2 -CH 2 -NH) n (molecular weight of about 100,000, available from Dow Chemical Co.); 1,5-dimethyl hexamethrine bromide diazaundecamethylene polymethobromine hexademethrine bromide, a quaternary composition which has the repeating unit
• Representative examples of useful nonpolymeric cationic membrane-forming materials may be represented by the formulae (R f ) m Q d D (V)
• R f , Q, d and m are each as described above;
• R 8 is an alkyl radical containing from about 4 to 20 carbon atoms and D is a cationic radical.
• Useful D radicals are cationic in character and complex with the proteinaceous materials of the teeth, Representative examples of useful D groups include -NHC 2 H 4 NHC 2 H 4 NH 2 ; -NH 2 ; -NHC 2 H 4 NH 2 ;
• Useful nonionic membrane-forming materials are believed to attach to tooth surfaces by interacting with either or both of (i) the hydroxyl groups of the hydroxyapetite (i.e. Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) or (ii) the hydroxyl groups present on the tooth surfaces from water or saliva present in the mouth.
• useful nonionic membrane-forming materials may be represented by the formulae
• R 9 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon radicals or combination.s of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon radicals which may contain up to about 25 carbon atoms.
• the R 9 radicals may be aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic and aromatic. Moreover they may contain heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and silicone. Preferably no .two of said hetero atoms are adjacent and the oxygen atoms present are in the form of ether linkages.
• R 10 i an alkoxy radical containing from about 1 to 6, and preferably from about 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• R 11 is selected from the group consisting of alkoxy groups containing from about 1 to 10 carbon atoms and groups composed of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen wherein said groups contain from about 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
• R 12 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon radicals of about 1 to 20
• R 13 is a heterocyclic group containing carbon oxygen and hydrogen.
• the value of b and x is 0, 1 , 2 or 3,
• nonionic membrane-forming materials useful in the present invention are set forth in Table IV. The portions of each material attributable to each section of the generic formula are given.
• compositions of the present invention may be added to the dentifrice compositions of the present invention.
• therapeutic agents such as caries prophylactic agents, polishing agents, surfactants, flavoring and sweetening agents, thickening agents and humectants may be included using techniques which are known to the art.
• the other ingredients When such other ingredients are employed with (i) anionic membrane-forming materials or (ii) cationic membrane-forming materials which have a calcium complexing moiety Z, the other ingredients must be substantially free of polyvalent metal (e,g, calcium, magnesium, etc.). These metals interact with these particular types of membrane-forming materials and prevent them from forming the barrier. Thus while a minor amount of such polyvalent metal may be present, the total amount present must not prevent the membrane forming material from interacting with the teeth. Preferably these compositions are free of polyvalent metal.
• polyvalent metal e,g, calcium, magnesium, etc.
• suitable therapeutic agents such as caries prophylactic agents, include soidum fluoride, stannous fluoride, potassium fluoride, hexylamine hydrofluoride, myristylamine hydrof1 uoride, betaine fluoride, glycine potassium fluoride, etc.
• a particularly preferred fluoride is sodium fluoride.
• the therapeutic agents may be applied previously to or simultaneously with the compositions of the invention. When applied simultaneously with said compositions, they are typically present in sufficient concentration so as to provide an available fluoride ion concentration of up to about 2% by weight, and preferably in the range of about 0.5-2% by weight, of the dentifrice composition. Additionally, it is preferred that the weight ratio of prophylactic ingredient to membraneforming material be in the range of about 1:0.5 to 1:5 and most preferably in the range of about 1:0.5 to 1:1.
• Suitable polishing agents include abrasive materials such as nonionic polymers.
• abrasive materials such as nonionic polymers.
• such materials are water impervious crosslinked thermosetting resins (e.g. the condensation product of melamine and urea with formaldehyde), powdered polymethylmethacrylate, and powdered polyethylene.
• the polishing agent is not so abrasive so as to scratch or unduly abrade the tooth surface or the dentin, Rather it only cleans the tooth surface.
• the polishing agents may comprise up to 95% by weight of the dentifrice composition.
• Surfactants useful in the present invention include, for example, nonionic surfactants which are known to the art. These materials typically comprise up to about 5% by weight of the dentifrice composition.
• Flavoring and sweetening agents include, for example , the oils of wintergreen, peppermint, spearmint, sassafras and anise. Additionally small amounts of sweetening agents such as saccharin, dextrose, levulose, etc., may also be added to such compositions. These flavoring and sweetening agents may comprise up to about 5% by weight of the dentifrice composition.
• Gelling or thickening agents include, for example, water-soluble salts of cellulose ethers such as sodium carboxy methyl cellulose and sodium carboxy methyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose, natural gums such as gum karaya, gum arabic, and gum tragacanth; and colloidal magnesium-aluminum silicate or finely divided silica.
• Such thickening agents may comprise up to about 5% by weight of the dentifrice composition.
• dentifrices of the present invention typically comprise a solution of the membrane-forming material in water or a mixture of water and an alcohol.
• the alcohol is a lower alkanol (e.g. ethanol, propanol, etc.). These compositions are particularly useful as mouthwashes or rinses.
• Example 1 This example demonstrates that compositions of the invention form substantially continuous barriers on teeth which reduce the ellution of a previously applied fluoride treatment from said teeth.
• Separate bovine central incisors were used in the tests. A flat surface was provided on each of the teeth by first polishing them with 240 grit silicon carbide abrasive paper; and then with 400 grit silicon carbide abrasive paper. The teeth were then given a 5 minute soak with a 2% by weight solution of sodium fluoride (NaF) in de i on i zed water. One-half of the number of the teeth were then given a 5 minute soak with a 1% by weight solu tion of membrane forming material (C 16 H 33 O) 2 POOH, in deionized water. The other half of the number of the teeth was given no treatment with the membraneforming composition. All of the teeth were then tested for initial water contact angle, initial fluoride level, water contact angle after a 26 hour water soak and fluoride content after a 26 hour water soak
• Comparision of treatments A and B shows the dramatic increase in water contact angle caused by the addition of the membrane-forming material, (C 16 H 33 O) 2 POOH.
• Comparison of treatments C and D shows that, even after soaking the teeth for 26 hours in water, the membrane remains on the surface and that it substantially reduces ellution of the initial fluoride treatment.
• Bovine teeth were prepared and treated with NaF as described in Example 1. Certain of the teeth were then soaked for 5 minutes with compositions containing various membrane-forming materials. Each of the teeth were then soaked in separate 100 ml deionized water baths for 24 hours. The teeth were removed from the baths and each bath was then analyzed for fluoride ion content using a fluoride ion electrode. The results of these tests are set forth in Table VI.
• Comparison of treatments A and B (which were run simultaneously) graphically illustrates the decrease in ellution of the NaF as a result of the membraneforming material. Comparison of treatments D and E with treatment C (which were run simultaneously but at a different time than tests A and B) further graphically illustrate the decrease in ellution of the NaF as a result of membrane-forming material.
• Example 3 This example demonstrates the durability of the membrane. Bovine central incisors were prepared and the initial water contact angle measured as described in Example 1. The teeth were then soaked for 5 minutes with 0.1% by weight solutions of various membrane-forming materials in deionized water. The water contact angle was then measured after the teeth had been soaked in deionized water for 10 and 60 minutes and 24 hours. The results are given in Table VII.
• Example 3 The procedures of Example 3 were repeated except that the teeth were given a fluoride treatment before being soaked for 5 minutes with a 0.1% by weight solution of membrane-forming material in deionized water.
• the fluoride treatment consisted of a 5 minute soak with an acidulated phosphate fluoride which comprised 40 grams (g) of NaF, 11.8ml of HF, 126 ml of H 3 PO 4 and 1400 ml of deio ⁇ nized water.
• the results of the water contact angle measurements are given in Table VIII.

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• 1978
  • 1978-12-28 IT IT7852477A patent/IT7852477A0/it unknown
  • 1978-12-28 WO PCT/US1978/000257 patent/WO1979000456A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1978-12-28 JP JP50028078A patent/JPS54500061A/ja active Pending
  • 1978-12-28 FR FR7836648A patent/FR2413085A1/fr active Granted
• 1979
  • 1979-07-31 EP EP19790900094 patent/EP0007913A4/en not_active Withdrawn

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