US2580473A - Complex ammonium salts and processes for producing the same - Google Patents
Complex ammonium salts and processes for producing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2580473A US2580473A US656508A US65650846A US2580473A US 2580473 A US2580473 A US 2580473A US 656508 A US656508 A US 656508A US 65650846 A US65650846 A US 65650846A US 2580473 A US2580473 A US 2580473A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- amine
- compounds
- nitrogen
- mol
- radicals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- -1 heterocyclic radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 25
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl-trifluoromethansulfonate Natural products C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BYLOHCRAPOSXLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro(diethyl)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](Cl)(Cl)CC BYLOHCRAPOSXLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTACQVCHVAUOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(diethylamino)propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(O)CO LTACQVCHVAUOKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCTYXESWNZITDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hexadecylmorpholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCOCC1 JCTYXESWNZITDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVNRFQCFZVYDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC(C=O)=C1O YVNRFQCFZVYDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000662 Anethum graveolens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSCCALZHGUWNJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Cyclohexyl-N-methylcyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N(C)C1CCCCC1 GSCCALZHGUWNJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alizarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDFFNEOEWAXZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminyl Chemical compound [NH2] MDFFNEOEWAXZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000721 bacterilogical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229950005499 carbon tetrachloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008294 cold cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004855 creaseproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QBTAQNRBRJGPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl(trifluoro)silane Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)C1CCCCC1 QBTAQNRBRJGPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009963 fulling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021480 group 4 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013310 margarine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CIXSDMKDSYXUMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylcyclohexanamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1CCCCC1 CIXSDMKDSYXUMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCC MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002831 nitrogen free-radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000590 parasiticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002297 parasiticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AIFMYMZGQVTROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Si](Br)(Br)Br AIFMYMZGQVTROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWMISRWJRUSYEX-SZKNIZGXSA-N terbinafine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC=C2C(CN(C\C=C\C#CC(C)(C)C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 BWMISRWJRUSYEX-SZKNIZGXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940098465 tincture Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000004647 tinea pedis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/10—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages containing nitrogen having a Si-N linkage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/03—Wetting agent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/07—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing
Definitions
- This invention relates in general to a new series of chemical compounds which are surfaceactive or cationic agents.
- the invention relates in particular to a new series of quaternary ammonium compounds which are adapted for use as antiseptic and germicidal agents, also as wetting, dispersing and emulsifying agents, and to a process for the preparation of such compounds and to compositions containing them.
- a new series of compounds by condensing an amine (containing trivalent nitrogen) with a halide of a tetravalent element of group IV of the periodic system, to produce a complex salt (a quaternary ammonium compound) in which the nitrogen is pentavalent and is linked directly to the element.
- amine containing trivalent nitrogen
- a complex salt a quaternary ammonium compound
- the amine is primary and aliphatic, it should contain at least eight carbon atoms in the straight chain, but if it is aromatic. alicyclic or heterocyclic, it may contain less than eight carbon atoms.
- the tetravalent element is one which forms normal covalent linkages with the halogens and which forms coordination complexes with trivalent nitrogen.
- the nitrogen is pentavalent, that is, the nitrogen has one coordinate covalent linkage and three normal covalent linkages per nitrogen atom, at least one of which is common to the nitrogen and the tetravalent element.
- the term quaternary ammonium compound is used as a generic term to define a nitrogen compound which contains, for each nitrogen atom, four covalent linkages and one electrovalent linkage, the covalent linkages joining the nitrogen to one, two or three radicals other than hydrogen, such for example as to atoms or radicals, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals.
- the radical containing the nitrogen constitutes a cationic radical which is joined to an anion through the electrovalent linkage.
- the complexes of the present invention may be considered an analogue of such quaternary ammonium compounds in which, however, the nitrogen is linked directly to a tetravalent element.
- the new compounds have the following general formula:
- N pentavalent nitrogen
- E represents a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead
- R represents at least one hydrocarbon radical and if aliphatic it contains at least eight carbon atoms, the remaining R's being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals, or an amine radical, R being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals
- X is any anion
- ffn" is an integer from 1 to4.
- the initial amine (containing trivalent nitrogen) can be either an aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic amine, and
- amine either saturated or unsaturated, and either primary, secondary or tertiary.
- amine When the amine is aliphatic it should contain at least 8 carbon atoms.
- the lower aliphatic amines appear to form only simple addition products which are not invert soaps.
- Primary amines as a class such, for example, as octyl amine, lauryl amine, stearyl amine, oleyl amine, cyclohexylamine, benzyl amine, aniline, phenylene diamine, and their analogues and homologues, and the alkanolamines of this class.
- Secondary amines as a class, including in sesame this definition the heterocyclic nitrogen compounds which have a secondary amine structure such, for example, as di-octyl, dicetyi amine, dilauryl amine, dodecylmethyi amine, dicyciohexyl amine, methyl aniline, also piperidine, morpholine, and the like, and the alkanolamines of this class.
- Tertiary amines as a class such for example as tripropyi amine, dimethyl benzyl amine,
- the invention also contemplates the use of compounds containing more than one trivalent nitrogen, such as diamines and triamines as a class, such for example, as trimethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, melamine, cyclohexyl triamine and the like.
- At least one of the R hydrocarbon radicals attached to the nitrogen atom or one of the R. hydrocarbon radicals attached to the metal is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the fatty series, that is an aliphatic chain having twelve or more carbon atoms, because the new quaternary compounds containingsuch two long chain groups are characterized by superior detergent and germicidal properties.
- Halides used in the reaction any fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide of one of the tetravalent elements selected from the class consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead and mixtures of these salts may be used as the other reagent in the formation of the quaternary compound.
- the halide contains less than 4 halogen atoms, the remaining valences can be occupied by hydrogen or organic radicals selected from the class consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals.
- the halides of the tetravalent elements have the following general formula:
- X is halogen and R is hydrogen or an organic radical, in which "n" is an integer from 1 to 4.
- the various halides it is preferred to employ the halides of silicon, including the organo-silicon halides containing an organic radical in which carbon is directly linked to silicon, because these reagents produce quaternary ammonium compounds characterized by superior stability and greater availability.
- the chlorides it is preferred to employ the chlorides because of their cheapness, non-corrosiveness and availability, combined with their high reactivity.
- halides useful in the reaction silicon tetrafiuoride, silicon tetrabromide, silicon tetrachloride, methyltrichlorosilane, diethyldichlorosilane, triphenylmonochlorosiiane, trimethylmonochlorosilane, monocyclohexyltrifluorosilane, benzyimethyldifiuorosilane.
- the corresponding halides of titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead may be employed.
- reaction is effected by mixing the amine and the halide, but preferably in a common inert solvent, such, for example, as benzene, acetone, carbontetrachloride, xylene, toluene, and the like; in some cases, however, as with solid reagents, the reagents may be melted or dissolved in a common solvent with or without subjecting the mixture to heat and pressure to bring about the condensation to form the quaternary compounds.
- a common inert solvent such, for example, as benzene, acetone, carbontetrachloride, xylene, toluene, and the like
- the temperatures employed can be up to the boiling point of the lowest boiling fraction when the reaction is carried out in an open vessel or under reflux, but higher temperatures can be employed when a closed reaction vessel is used.
- reaction can be effected at temperatures which are below the thermal decomposition temperatures of the reaction mixture or of the product.
- the condensation reaction appears to occur according to the following general equation:
- Example '7 The process of Example '7 was repeated with the exception that a mol equivalent of germanium tetrachloride was substituted for the tin tetrachloride. A similar reaction took place and the corresponding invert soap of germanium was produced in a substantially quantitative yield.
- Example 11 The process of Example 7 was repeated with the exception that a mol equivalent of lead tetrafluoride was substituted for the tin tetrachloride. A similar reaction took place and the corresponding invert soap of lead was produced in a substantially quantitative yield.
- any or all R's may be a radical which contains an amino group either in the chain or in a heterocyclic ring.
- These nitrogen atoms may be a part of a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group. If these groups are primary or secondary, then further quaternization may be caused by any of the halogen derivatives of elements of group IV. or by inorganic acids. If, however, the amino group is tertiary, then alkyl halides as well may be used to form the complex salts. Such a case would alter the total electrostatic charge on the complex cation.
- R radicals which themselves contain trivalent nitrogen atoms (amino radical). These other nitrogen atoms may or may not be united to a long chain hydrocarbon radical (of the higher fatty series). Therefore, the ratio of the number of charges on the cation to the number of long chain radicals, can be considerably varied.
- the new compounds provided by the present invention are characterized by being, in general, viscous liquids, or solids. They normally exhibit an appreciable water solubility, but the solubility will depend in part upon the nature and chain length of the hydrocarbon radicals.
- the products are also soluble in a wide variety of organic solvents.
- a valuable feature is the fact that the compounds are generally soluble in warm acetone, benzene, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol, but are insoluble in these solvents at room temperature. This permits purification by re-crystallization from such solvents.
- the above table also demonstrates that as compared to a well known quaternary ammonium compound, the phenol coefficients of the present series increase with the number and lengths of the fatty acid chains.
- the phenol coefficient tests were conducted by the standard Dunn method, using Eberthella typhii.
- the present compounds have many applications in the fields of bacteriology, pharmacology, and therapeutics of which a few may be mentioned, merely by way of example. Since the compounds themselves are highly germicidal in high dilutions, they are especially adapted for use as a general antiseptic and germicide, for use on the human skin, wearing apparel, leather; for the disinfection of surgical instruments, drinking vessels, milk dispensing equipment; for
- theseproducts may be used as penetrants inthe liquors used for cooking rags and pulp, and as assistants in paper softening, filling, and processes to increase absorbency,.also for the control of slime in foul water and lowering the bacteria count in the finished products. They are also adapted for control of athletes foot and other fungus diseases, for sterilization of the skin preparatory to surgery; for the disinfection of wounds, burns, and mucous membranes.
- the compounds are preferably employed in combination with aqueous solutions of alcohol and acetone, as a tincture and finally for the prevention of rust on metal articles.
- these compounds increase the efiiciency of the former.
- textile assistants may be used alone or in combination with suitable detergents for cleansing and scouring vegetable and animal fibers. When added to flax retting baths, they function as wetting and penetrating agents. They may be employed as assistants in fulling and felting processes. They may be used in sizing preparations in combination with the usual materials such as starches or gelatine or their equivalents and as the penetrating agents for removing sizing from textile materials. They improve the absorption capability of fibrous materials when such materials are subjected to treatments for creaseproofing, finishing, softening, stiffening, coloring, impregnating, waterproofing, and mildewproofing. They may be used for lustering or delustering fabrics and to oil or lubricate textile materials and as assistants in processes of weighting or loading fabrics. They may be used as assistants in silk degumming liquors.
- the products may be employed alone or toether with protective colloids, such as glue, or albuminous degradation products. They are especially suitable for washing and cleansing textile and like materials, for the emulsification of substances which are insoluble in water, as for example oils, fats and waxes, resins, cellulose esters and ethers, and as wetting agents.
- the products may also frequently be employed as softening agents for textiles.
- the addition of the products to dyebaths causes a good wetting of the goods to be dyed and also frequently an improvement in the levelness and fastnesses.
- compositions are useful as assistants in the preparation and application of dyestuffs. They may be used in the preparation of dyestuffs in readily dispersible form and for the production of inorganic pigments or pigments of dyes in a finely divided condition. As penetrants and wetting agents, they assist in producing level dyeings. In printing pastes they assist in the dispersion of the dye or dye component and facilitate its penetration into natural or synthetic fibers.
- these compositions function as useful wettings agents in soaking, deliming, bating, tanning, and dyeing baths and in printing. They are useful in softening and treating baths for hides, furs and skins, particularly in baths used for fat-liquoring leather, and dyeing. Solutions of these compounds are useful for pretreating leather prior to dyeing.
- the dispersing and emulsifying powers of these new compositions give rise to many interesting uses. They may be utilized for converting liquid or solid substances normally insoluble in water, such as hydrocarbons, higher alcohols, pitches, and pitchy substances, and synthetic resins into stable emulsions or dispersions. They are useful in preparing emulsions of wax and wax-like compositions which are used as leather dressings or floor polishes. They may be used to prepare artificial dispersions of crude, vulcanized, or reclaimed rubber. They may be used as emulsifiers in the manufacture of cosmetic preparations such as cold creams and lip sticks. shampoos and shaving creams. They may be employed for preparing emulsions of the water-in-oil type such as emulsions of water in such organic solvents as are used in the dry cleaning industry.
- compositions may be used for enhancing the spreading and penetrating powerof parasiticides. They may be employed in agricultural sprays alone and in combination with the ordinary insecticides andfungicides and germicides. They are useful for promoting the penetrating power of wood preservatives.
- compositions may be employed as detergents in several difierent relations. They may be used in the washing of fruits and vegetables for spray residue removal. They may be used in combination with metal cleaning compounds in neutral or acid liquors. They may be used for paint, varnish, and lacquer cleaners. They may advantageously be employed as cleansing agents in hard water and where a fatty or oily film resists the ordinary cleansing media. They may be used as soaps in hard water baths, since these compositions do not form precipitates so readily in hard waters as soaps and Turkey red oils.
- compositions may be used as aids in various chemical reactions. They may be used to control particle size and shape during precipitation or crystallization of compounds from reaction mixtures.
- compositions also have several miscellaneous uses. They may be employed as foam stabilizing agents, especially for use in air-foam fire extinguishing compositions. They may be used to stabilize rubber latex. They may also be used as frothing and collecting agents in ore flotation processes, and in other processes such as the recovery of fixed oil from the oil sands. These compounds may be used in tooth paste and in non-spattering margarines.
- These compounds may be employed as emulsifying agents for the preparation of artificial latices containing synthetic rubber, in view of their capillary active polymerization of polymerizable compounds, such as chloroprene.
- R attached to each nitrogen atom is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and dialkenyl radicals, having at least 8 carbon atoms in the longest chain thereof, the remaining Rs. if any, being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl, phenylalkyl, cycloalkyl hetero-N, and cycloalkyl hetero-N-O radicals
- E is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium.
- R is at least one substituznt selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl, md phenylalkyl radicals
- X is at least one sub- ;tituent selected from the group consisting of ialogen atoms and the acetate and lactate radi- :als and n is an integer from 1 to 4.
- E is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead
- X is a halogen atom
- n is an integer from 1 to 4, the remainder of the 4 valences of the tetravalent elements, it any, being occupied by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl and phenylalkyl radicals.
- a quaternary ammonium compound having the generic formula in which one B. attached to each nitrogen atom is an alkyl radical having at least eight carbon atoms, the remaining R's being hydrogen atoms,
- ' 12 E is silicon
- R is an alkyl radical
- X is a halogen atom
- n is an integer from 1 to 4.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Description
Patented Jan. 1, 1952 COMPLEX AMMONIUM SALTS AND Paoc- ESSES Fon PRODUCING THE SAME Frank J. Sowa, Cranford, and Edward J. Kenney, gersey City, N. J.; said Kenney assignor to said owa No Drawing. Application March 22,- 1946, Serial No. 656,508
Claims. (Cl. zen-448.2)
This invention relates in general to a new series of chemical compounds which are surfaceactive or cationic agents. The invention relates in particular to a new series of quaternary ammonium compounds which are adapted for use as antiseptic and germicidal agents, also as wetting, dispersing and emulsifying agents, and to a process for the preparation of such compounds and to compositions containing them.
It is known to prepare quaternary ammonium compounds from tertiary amines in which the nitrogen is initially trivalent by reacting such amines with alkyl halides, the compounds resulting having the general formula and these compounds have been used as surface active agents. However, the known quaternary ammonium compounds which contain four organic radicals attached directly to the nitrogen are characterized by the disadvantages, inter alia (1) the amine complexes are relatively diflicult to form with alkyl halides and require a substantial time for complete reaction; (2) the amine complexes obviously are prepared by starting with tertiary amines but not with primary and secondary amines, which increases their cost and limits the number of compounds in the series.
Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide an entirely new series of quaternary ammonium compounds which can be prepared with both primary and secondary as well as tertiary amines.
It is another object to provide a new series of quaternary ammonium compounds which show an increased stability, a wide range of solubility in water and organic solvents and improved surface active characteristics.
According. to the present invention, there is provided a new series of compounds by condensing an amine (containing trivalent nitrogen) with a halide of a tetravalent element of group IV of the periodic system, to produce a complex salt (a quaternary ammonium compound) in which the nitrogen is pentavalent and is linked directly to the element. When the amine is primary and aliphatic, it should contain at least eight carbon atoms in the straight chain, but if it is aromatic. alicyclic or heterocyclic, it may contain less than eight carbon atoms. The tetravalent element is one which forms normal covalent linkages with the halogens and which forms coordination complexes with trivalent nitrogen. In the complex amine thus formed, the nitrogen is pentavalent, that is, the nitrogen has one coordinate covalent linkage and three normal covalent linkages per nitrogen atom, at least one of which is common to the nitrogen and the tetravalent element. In the recent literature the term quaternary ammonium compound" is used as a generic term to define a nitrogen compound which contains, for each nitrogen atom, four covalent linkages and one electrovalent linkage, the covalent linkages joining the nitrogen to one, two or three radicals other than hydrogen, such for example as to atoms or radicals, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals. Thus the radical containing the nitrogen constitutes a cationic radical which is joined to an anion through the electrovalent linkage. The complexes of the present invention may be considered an analogue of such quaternary ammonium compounds in which, however, the nitrogen is linked directly to a tetravalent element. The new compounds have the following general formula:
in which N represents pentavalent nitrogen; E represents a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead; R represents at least one hydrocarbon radical and if aliphatic it contains at least eight carbon atoms, the remaining R's being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals, or an amine radical, R being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals; X is any anion, and ffn" is an integer from 1 to4.
In the preparation of the new quaternary ammonium compounds, the initial amine (containing trivalent nitrogen) can be either an aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic amine, and
either saturated or unsaturated, and either primary, secondary or tertiary. When the amine is aliphatic it should contain at least 8 carbon atoms. The lower aliphatic amines appear to form only simple addition products which are not invert soaps.
By way of illustrating but not by way of limitation, there will be given examples of the classes of amines suitable for use in the reaction:
(a) Primary amines as a class, such, for example, as octyl amine, lauryl amine, stearyl amine, oleyl amine, cyclohexylamine, benzyl amine, aniline, phenylene diamine, and their analogues and homologues, and the alkanolamines of this class.
(b) Secondary amines as a class, including in sesame this definition the heterocyclic nitrogen compounds which have a secondary amine structure such, for example, as di-octyl, dicetyi amine, dilauryl amine, dodecylmethyi amine, dicyciohexyl amine, methyl aniline, also piperidine, morpholine, and the like, and the alkanolamines of this class.
Tertiary amines as a class, such for example as tripropyi amine, dimethyl benzyl amine,
trilauryl amine, pyridine, dimethyl lauryl amine,
dimethyl aniline, methyl dicyclohexyl amine, quinoline, S-hydroxyi quinoline, glyceryl diethylamine, cyclohexyldiethylamine, and the alkanolamines and acid amines of this class and the analogues and homologues.
The invention also contemplates the use of compounds containing more than one trivalent nitrogen, such as diamines and triamines as a class, such for example, as trimethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, melamine, cyclohexyl triamine and the like.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the R hydrocarbon radicals attached to the nitrogen atom or one of the R. hydrocarbon radicals attached to the metal is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the fatty series, that is an aliphatic chain having twelve or more carbon atoms, because the new quaternary compounds containingsuch two long chain groups are characterized by superior detergent and germicidal properties.
Halides used in the reaction In general, any fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide of one of the tetravalent elements selected from the class consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead and mixtures of these salts may be used as the other reagent in the formation of the quaternary compound. Further, when the halide contains less than 4 halogen atoms, the remaining valences can be occupied by hydrogen or organic radicals selected from the class consisting of alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alicyclic and heterocyclic radicals. Thus, the halides of the tetravalent elements have the following general formula:
R I 4-nEXn in which X is halogen and R is hydrogen or an organic radical, in which "n" is an integer from 1 to 4. 0f the various halides, it is preferred to employ the halides of silicon, including the organo-silicon halides containing an organic radical in which carbon is directly linked to silicon, because these reagents produce quaternary ammonium compounds characterized by superior stability and greater availability. Of the various halogens, it is preferred to employ the chlorides because of their cheapness, non-corrosiveness and availability, combined with their high reactivity. By way of illustration but not by way of limiting the invention, there will be given the following examples of specific halides useful in the reaction: silicon tetrafiuoride, silicon tetrabromide, silicon tetrachloride, methyltrichlorosilane, diethyldichlorosilane, triphenylmonochlorosiiane, trimethylmonochlorosilane, monocyclohexyltrifluorosilane, benzyimethyldifiuorosilane. The corresponding halides of titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead may be employed.
*Carrying out the reaction with halides of tetravalent elements there may be employed from one to four mols of the amine depending upon the number of halogen atoms initially attached to the tetravaient elements. In general, reaction is effected by mixing the amine and the halide, but preferably in a common inert solvent, such, for example, as benzene, acetone, carbontetrachloride, xylene, toluene, and the like; in some cases, however, as with solid reagents, the reagents may be melted or dissolved in a common solvent with or without subjecting the mixture to heat and pressure to bring about the condensation to form the quaternary compounds. The temperatures employed can be up to the boiling point of the lowest boiling fraction when the reaction is carried out in an open vessel or under reflux, but higher temperatures can be employed when a closed reaction vessel is used. By use of pressure, reaction can be effected at temperatures which are below the thermal decomposition temperatures of the reaction mixture or of the product. The condensation reaction appears to occur according to the following general equation:
nRsN-l-R'i-nExn (RsN) nER'4-u] 11X Specific examples By way of illustration, but not by way of limiting the invention, the following specific examples will be given:
1. To 117.3 g. (0.4 moi) of 9-octadecenyl-dimethyiamine dissolved in 200 cc. of acetone, there was added, in small portions with frequent stirring, 31.4 g. (0.2) mol of diethyldichlorosilane. An immediate exothermic reaction takes place. In about 3 minutes after all the siiane had been added the entire mass caked. The product was then recrystallized from acetone. The yield was practically quantitative. The product is believed to have the following formula:
H 2. To 84.48 g. (0.4 mol) of lauryldimethylamine dissolved in 200 cc. of benzene there was added, slowly with stirring, 17 grams (0.1 mol) of silicon tetrachloride. The product precipitated almost immediately from the solvent. The benzene was evaporated in a hood without heat. The product was dried by standing overnight. The yield was practically quantitative. The product is believed to have the following formula:
3. To 74.0 g. (0.4 mol) of dodecyiamine dissolved in 200 cc. of benzene there was added, slowly with stirring, 17 g. (0.1 mol.) of SiCh. A rapid, exothermic reaction took place with the formation of a precipitate. The product was evaporated to dryness in a hood, without heat. The yield was practically quantitative. The product is believed to have the following formula:
4. To 106.8 g. (0.4 mol) of cetyidimethylamine dissolved in 250 cc. of benzene was added slowly. with stirring, 43.4 g. (0.4 mol) of trimethylchlorosilane. The reaction proceeded rapidly and some precipitate formed. The benzene was evaporated oil in the hood, without heat, and the product recrystallized-"from acetone. The yield was practically quantitative. The product is believed to have the following formula:
5. To a solution of 24 g. (0.08 mol) of N-cetylmorpholine in 100 cc. of toluene, was added 3.8 g. (0.02 mol) of titanium tetrachloride (TiCli). The solution gradually turned red in color and some heat was evolved when mixing occurred. The solution was heated to about 90 C. and poured into an evaporating dish. The toluene was evaporated in the hood, without further heating, leaving a practically quantitative yield of waxy crystals of the quaternary ammonium compound. The crystals are pink in color as obtained, but white when pure. These crystals dissolve in water and the resulting solution foams to a considerable degree when agitated. The product is believed to have the following formula:
6. To 9.8 g. (0.04 mol+1.3 g. excess) of lauryldimethylamine dissolved in 25 cc. of benzene, there was added slowly, with frequent shaking, 2.3 g. (0.01 mol) of zirconium tetrachloride (C. P.) The halide rapidly reacted and the solution became warm. The solution was shaken occasionally over a period of ten minutes and then poured onto a plate and allowed to evaporate in the hood. Fatty crystals were obtained. A small portion added to about cc. of water in a test tube partially dissolved and soaped when agitated. The solubility appears to be low. The addition of methyl alcohol does not enhance solubility to any appreciable extent. The yield of the zirconium invert soap was practically equal to the theoretical yield. The product is believed to have the following formula:
7. To 9.8 g. (0.04 mol+1.3 g. excess) of lauryldimethyl amine there was added 25 cc. of benzene. To this solution was slowly added 2.6 g. of anhydrous stannic chloride (SnCh) with occasional shaking. The reaction took place rapidly and heat was generated. The solution was shaken occasionally for 5-10 minutes, and then poured onto a fiat plate and the benzene evaporated in the hood. Crystals with a pale brown tint were obtained. The crystals, waxy or fatty-like, were broken up and left to dry. Yield was 11.1 g. The product is believed to have the following formula:
8. To 14.5 g. (0.1 mol) of B-hydroxyquinoline in 100 cc. of benzene was added slowly, with good mixing, 10.9 g. (0.1 mol) of trimethylchlorosilane. A greenish-yellow solid precipitated immediately. The product was poured onto a fiat plate and dried in the hood. The yield was practically quantitative. The product is believed to have the structure:
9. 74 grams (0.4 mol) of laurylamine were dissolved in 500 cc. of acetone. While this solution was stirred, silicon tetrafluoride vapor was passed over the surface. An immediate clouding of the solution occurred, followed, in about 5 minutes, by a white precipitate, which increased rapidly in quantity as the reaction progressed. The solvent was evaporated and the white solid recrystallized from acetone. The yield was practically quantitative. The product is believed to have the following formula:
10. The process of Example '7 was repeated with the exception that a mol equivalent of germanium tetrachloride was substituted for the tin tetrachloride. A similar reaction took place and the corresponding invert soap of germanium was produced in a substantially quantitative yield.
11. The process of Example 7 was repeated with the exception that a mol equivalent of lead tetrafluoride was substituted for the tin tetrachloride. A similar reaction took place and the corresponding invert soap of lead was produced in a substantially quantitative yield.
12. 0.6 mol of cetyl dimethyl amine was dissolved in 75 cc. of acetone and there was then added to the solution, while cooling the solution 0.3 mol of diethyl difiuoro silane. An exothermic reaction occurred. The resulting solution was evaporated to dryness and there was obtained a substantially quantitative yield of an invert silicon soap. This product, when dispersed in water. produced a marked lowering of the surface tension and also exhibited good wetting and emulsifying properties.
In the above examples it must be understood that instead of using chlorine or fluorine, other halides may be employed with similar results. Further, it should be understood that while most of the examples show the step of dissolving the amine in a solvent, such as acetone or benzene, such solvents are merely used by way of example and that the amine may be dissolved in any of its solvents. On the other hand, when the amine is itself liquid, the use of an inert solvent is unnecessary, since the halide of the group IV element can be added directly to the liquid amine. It is also possible to carry out the reaction in the gas phase by vaporizing both the amine and the halide.
Variations In the general formula, column 2, line 21, any or all R's may be a radical which contains an amino group either in the chain or in a heterocyclic ring. These nitrogen atoms may be a part of a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group. If these groups are primary or secondary, then further quaternization may be caused by any of the halogen derivatives of elements of group IV. or by inorganic acids. If, however, the amino group is tertiary, then alkyl halides as well may be used to form the complex salts. Such a case would alter the total electrostatic charge on the complex cation. Thus, there are a large number of combinations possible by using R radicals which themselves contain trivalent nitrogen atoms (amino radical). These other nitrogen atoms may or may not be united to a long chain hydrocarbon radical (of the higher fatty series). Therefore, the ratio of the number of charges on the cation to the number of long chain radicals, can be considerably varied.
By way of illustrating but not by way of limiting the invention, the various general formulas will be given of diflerent classes of quatemary ammonium compounds, which can be produced according to the present invention.
The above series of compounds. numbered 1 to 4, will illustrate the feature that by increasing the number of pentavalent nitrogen radicals in 20 [(0 il uNHa) 4311-401- understood that any of the tetravalent elements may be substituted for silicon, and likewise chlorine may be substituted by any anion such as another halogen, SO4CH3, N03, 804, P04, 0H, acetate and lactate and the like. It is also to be understood that in the above formulas the hydrocarbon radical designated by R or B may be the same or different, and that the number of long chain fatty hydrocarbon radicals may also be varied, as desired.
Characteristics and properties The new compounds provided by the present invention are characterized by being, in general, viscous liquids, or solids. They normally exhibit an appreciable water solubility, but the solubility will depend in part upon the nature and chain length of the hydrocarbon radicals.
The products are also soluble in a wide variety of organic solvents. A valuable feature is the fact that the compounds are generally soluble in warm acetone, benzene, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol, but are insoluble in these solvents at room temperature. This permits purification by re-crystallization from such solvents.
In order to illustrate some of the technologically important characteristics, the following table will be given:
Table Quaternary Ammonium Comound formed y Condensing Silicon Compounds Suriace Tension Lowering of Water at 20 C. 1% solution Phenol Coeffi- Ammc cient at (CHshSlCl C2HsSiCls...
: Alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride Dodecyl amine Mixt. oi chemicall ure octudeceny cxadecyl and octadecadicnyl amines. Octadecyl amine Coconut oil amines... 30. 0
Ohemically pure amines corresponding in alkyl chain links to the fatty acids normally obtained from coconut oil and containing more than 98% of a mono-amine having an average molecular weight of 200.
Referring to the above table, it will be noted that the surface tension lowering of water even in .l% solution is very marked. It is the unique properties of these compounds which make them useful as wetting, dispersing and emulsifying agents, as well as increases their eificiency in bacteriologic, pharmacopedic, and therapeutic uses.
The above table also demonstrates that as compared to a well known quaternary ammonium compound, the phenol coefficients of the present series increase with the number and lengths of the fatty acid chains. The phenol coefficient tests were conducted by the standard Dunn method, using Eberthella typhii. As pointed out above, the present compounds have many applications in the fields of bacteriology, pharmacology, and therapeutics of which a few may be mentioned, merely by way of example. Since the compounds themselves are highly germicidal in high dilutions, they are especially adapted for use as a general antiseptic and germicide, for use on the human skin, wearing apparel, leather; for the disinfection of surgical instruments, drinking vessels, milk dispensing equipment; for
deodorizing and for retarding and preventing putrefaction of organic material; for control of slime and algae in swimming pools, water storage tanks, aqueous treating baths and: paper manufacture. In the paper industry, theseproducts may be used as penetrants inthe liquors used for cooking rags and pulp, and as assistants in paper softening, filling, and processes to increase absorbency,.also for the control of slime in foul water and lowering the bacteria count in the finished products. They are also adapted for control of athletes foot and other fungus diseases, for sterilization of the skin preparatory to surgery; for the disinfection of wounds, burns, and mucous membranes. In these latter uses, the compounds are preferably employed in combination with aqueous solutions of alcohol and acetone, as a tincture and finally for the prevention of rust on metal articles. In addition, when mixed with common germicides these compounds increase the efiiciency of the former.
A few representative uses of these new products as textile assistants will be mentioned. They may be used alone or in combination with suitable detergents for cleansing and scouring vegetable and animal fibers. When added to flax retting baths, they function as wetting and penetrating agents. They may be employed as assistants in fulling and felting processes. They may be used in sizing preparations in combination with the usual materials such as starches or gelatine or their equivalents and as the penetrating agents for removing sizing from textile materials. They improve the absorption capability of fibrous materials when such materials are subjected to treatments for creaseproofing, finishing, softening, stiffening, coloring, impregnating, waterproofing, and mildewproofing. They may be used for lustering or delustering fabrics and to oil or lubricate textile materials and as assistants in processes of weighting or loading fabrics. They may be used as assistants in silk degumming liquors.
The products may be employed alone or toether with protective colloids, such as glue, or albuminous degradation products. They are especially suitable for washing and cleansing textile and like materials, for the emulsification of substances which are insoluble in water, as for example oils, fats and waxes, resins, cellulose esters and ethers, and as wetting agents. The products may also frequently be employed as softening agents for textiles. The addition of the products to dyebaths causes a good wetting of the goods to be dyed and also frequently an improvement in the levelness and fastnesses.
Another important class of uses of these new compositions is as assistants in the preparation and application of dyestuffs. They may be used in the preparation of dyestuffs in readily dispersible form and for the production of inorganic pigments or pigments of dyes in a finely divided condition. As penetrants and wetting agents, they assist in producing level dyeings. In printing pastes they assist in the dispersion of the dye or dye component and facilitate its penetration into natural or synthetic fibers.
In the leather industry, these compositions function as useful wettings agents in soaking, deliming, bating, tanning, and dyeing baths and in printing. They are useful in softening and treating baths for hides, furs and skins, particularly in baths used for fat-liquoring leather, and dyeing. Solutions of these compounds are useful for pretreating leather prior to dyeing.
The dispersing and emulsifying powers of these new compositions give rise to many interesting uses. They may be utilized for converting liquid or solid substances normally insoluble in water, such as hydrocarbons, higher alcohols, pitches, and pitchy substances, and synthetic resins into stable emulsions or dispersions. They are useful in preparing emulsions of wax and wax-like compositions which are used as leather dressings or floor polishes. They may be used to prepare artificial dispersions of crude, vulcanized, or reclaimed rubber. They may be used as emulsifiers in the manufacture of cosmetic preparations such as cold creams and lip sticks. shampoos and shaving creams. They may be employed for preparing emulsions of the water-in-oil type such as emulsions of water in such organic solvents as are used in the dry cleaning industry.
These compositions may be used for enhancing the spreading and penetrating powerof parasiticides. They may be employed in agricultural sprays alone and in combination with the ordinary insecticides andfungicides and germicides. They are useful for promoting the penetrating power of wood preservatives.
These compositions may be employed as detergents in several difierent relations. They may be used in the washing of fruits and vegetables for spray residue removal. They may be used in combination with metal cleaning compounds in neutral or acid liquors. They may be used for paint, varnish, and lacquer cleaners. They may advantageously be employed as cleansing agents in hard water and where a fatty or oily film resists the ordinary cleansing media. They may be used as soaps in hard water baths, since these compositions do not form precipitates so readily in hard waters as soaps and Turkey red oils.
These compositions may be used as aids in various chemical reactions. They may be used to control particle size and shape during precipitation or crystallization of compounds from reaction mixtures.
These compositions also have several miscellaneous uses. They may be employed as foam stabilizing agents, especially for use in air-foam fire extinguishing compositions. They may be used to stabilize rubber latex. They may also be used as frothing and collecting agents in ore flotation processes, and in other processes such as the recovery of fixed oil from the oil sands. These compounds may be used in tooth paste and in non-spattering margarines.
These compounds may be employed as emulsifying agents for the preparation of artificial latices containing synthetic rubber, in view of their capillary active polymerization of polymerizable compounds, such as chloroprene.
Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
l. The quaternary ammonium compounds having the generic formula:
in which at least one R attached to each nitrogen atom is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and dialkenyl radicals, having at least 8 carbon atoms in the longest chain thereof, the remaining Rs. if any, being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl, phenylalkyl, cycloalkyl hetero-N, and cycloalkyl hetero-N-O radicals, E is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium. zir- :onium, tin, and lead, R is at least one substituznt selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl, md phenylalkyl radicals, X is at least one sub- ;tituent selected from the group consisting of ialogen atoms and the acetate and lactate radi- :als and n is an integer from 1 to 4.
2. The process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds which comprises reacting to form an addition product from 1 to 4 mols of an amine having attached to a trivalent nitrogen atom at least 1 aliphatic hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and dialkenyl radicals having at least 8 carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain thereof, the remaining valences of the nitrogen atom, i! any, being attached to a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl, phenylalkyl, cycloalkyl hetero-N, and cycloalkyl hetero-N-O radicals, with a mol of a compound having the generic formula EXn, in which E is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, tin and lead, X is a halogen atom and n is an integer from 1 to 4, the remainder of the 4 valences of the tetravalent elements, it any, being occupied by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, monocyclic aromatic, cycloalkyl and phenylalkyl radicals.
3. The process of claim 2 in which the amine is a. straight-chain alkyl, primary monoamine.
4. The process of claim 2 in which E is silicon.
5. The process of claim 2 in which X is chlorine.
6. A quaternary ammonium compound having the generic formula in which one B. attached to each nitrogen atom is an alkyl radical having at least eight carbon atoms, the remaining R's being hydrogen atoms,
' 12 E is silicon, R is an alkyl radical, X is a halogen atom, and n is an integer from 1 to 4.
7. The compounds of claim 6 in which X is chlorine. 8. The compounds of claim 7 in which n is two. 9. The compounds of claim 7 in which n is three. I 10. The compounds of claim 7 in which n is our.
FRANK-J. SOWA. EDWARD J. KENNEY.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,923,697 Alt Aug. 22, 1933 2,132,505 Williams Oct. 11, 1938 2,150,601 Flint Mar. 14, 1939 2,259,063 Davis Oct. 14, 1941 2,259,064 Davis Oct. 14, 1941 2,264,812 Schulze Dec. 2, 1941 2,269,498 Wainer Jan. 13, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 526,392 Germany June 5, 1931 547,148 Great Britain Aug. 17, 1942 OTHER REFERENCES vol. 142 (1938), pages
Claims (1)
1. THE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS HAVING THE GENERIC FORMULA:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US656508A US2580473A (en) | 1946-03-22 | 1946-03-22 | Complex ammonium salts and processes for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US656508A US2580473A (en) | 1946-03-22 | 1946-03-22 | Complex ammonium salts and processes for producing the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2580473A true US2580473A (en) | 1952-01-01 |
Family
ID=24633325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US656508A Expired - Lifetime US2580473A (en) | 1946-03-22 | 1946-03-22 | Complex ammonium salts and processes for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2580473A (en) |
Cited By (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2692231A (en) * | 1950-09-05 | 1954-10-19 | California Research Corp | Microbiocidal water treatment |
US2738290A (en) * | 1951-10-01 | 1956-03-13 | Deering Milliken Res Corp | Process of treating textiles and textile treating compound |
US2752379A (en) * | 1952-10-29 | 1956-06-26 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Resolving chlorosilane mixtures |
US2822338A (en) * | 1954-01-08 | 1958-02-04 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Quaternary ammonium hydroxides in foam rubber |
US2950208A (en) * | 1954-11-25 | 1960-08-23 | American Enka Corp | Production of shaped objects from viscose |
US2953425A (en) * | 1954-11-25 | 1960-09-20 | American Enka Corp | Production of shaped objects from viscose |
DE1111182B (en) * | 1954-09-10 | 1961-07-20 | Dow Corning A G | Process for the preparation of preferably water-soluble organosilicon compounds |
US3037039A (en) * | 1958-05-19 | 1962-05-29 | S & M Chemicals Ltd | Organo-tin compounds of organic amines |
US3070615A (en) * | 1960-04-15 | 1962-12-25 | Seyferth Dietmar | Novel organo tin compounds |
US3089847A (en) * | 1960-04-15 | 1963-05-14 | Hagan Chemicals & Controls Inc | Inhibiting bacterial growth |
US3124512A (en) * | 1958-05-29 | 1964-03-10 | Compositions for use in caries | |
US3242105A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1966-03-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Quaternary ammonium-tin halide polymers |
US3254102A (en) * | 1961-09-26 | 1966-05-31 | Gen Mills Inc | Fatty quaternary ammonium group vb metal compounds |
US3275636A (en) * | 1961-12-19 | 1966-09-27 | Texaco Inc | Amine hexafluotitanates |
US3294827A (en) * | 1961-09-26 | 1966-12-27 | Gen Mills Inc | Quaternary ammonium metal compounds |
DE977554C (en) * | 1955-03-03 | 1967-02-02 | Merck Ag E | Pest repellent with insecticidal and acaricidal effects |
US3401186A (en) * | 1965-03-26 | 1968-09-10 | Inst Silikon & Fluorkarbonchem | Process for alkylating, alkenylating, arylating and reducing metal salts |
US3431288A (en) * | 1964-11-10 | 1969-03-04 | Scm Corp | Triorganostannoxy zirconium alcohol ate derivatives of dialkanolamine |
US3458555A (en) * | 1966-08-17 | 1969-07-29 | Inst Silikon & Fluorkarbonchem | Production of amino-organofluorosilicates |
US3499086A (en) * | 1953-07-03 | 1970-03-03 | Hoechst Ag | Methods and compositions for controlling fungal and bacterial infestation of plants utilizing organic tetravalent tin compounds |
US3505372A (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1970-04-07 | Frances J Josh | Onium salts containing metal complexes as the anions |
US3525763A (en) * | 1963-04-17 | 1970-08-25 | Inst Silikon Und Fluorkarbonch | Production of salts of organofluorosilicic acids |
US3624120A (en) * | 1969-12-22 | 1971-11-30 | Procter & Gamble | Quaternary ammonium salts of cyclic siloxane polymers |
US4161518A (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and methods for inhibiting plaque formation |
WO1979000456A1 (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Compositions and methods for inhibiting plaque formation |
US4243658A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1981-01-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and methods for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4289530A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1981-09-15 | Albee Laboratories, Inc. | Symmetrical quaternary ammonium compounds and their use in heavy metals recovery |
US4304766A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1981-12-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4366146A (en) * | 1980-08-11 | 1982-12-28 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co. | Compositions and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4428930A (en) | 1981-09-18 | 1984-01-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4470964A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1984-09-11 | Minnesota Minning And Manufacturing Company | Composition and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4485090A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1984-11-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Composition and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
USRE31787E (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1985-01-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4510127A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1985-04-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4578489A (en) * | 1982-06-10 | 1986-03-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Ammonium stannates-(IV) |
US4748188A (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1988-05-31 | Guglielmo Richard J Sr | Process for treating wood products with an antifouling/preservative composition |
US5342617A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1994-08-30 | Medical Polymers, Inc. | Water-based human tissue lubricant |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE526392C (en) * | 1928-11-02 | 1931-06-05 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Process for the production of metal complex compounds |
US1923697A (en) * | 1929-11-13 | 1933-08-22 | Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc | Production of amino trimethylbenzenes |
US2132505A (en) * | 1935-08-15 | 1938-10-11 | Du Pont | Plasticizing rubber |
US2150601A (en) * | 1937-03-19 | 1939-03-14 | Du Pont | Long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium fluosilicates |
US2259063A (en) * | 1940-08-03 | 1941-10-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Complex diaryl guanidine metal salt addition compounds and preparation thereof |
US2259064A (en) * | 1940-08-03 | 1941-10-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Preparation of complex diaryl guanidine metal salt addition products |
US2264812A (en) * | 1939-03-04 | 1941-12-02 | Du Pont | Chemical process for splitting of ethylidene diacetate |
US2269498A (en) * | 1939-05-11 | 1942-01-13 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Amines of fourth group metal halides |
GB547148A (en) * | 1939-05-11 | 1942-08-17 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Production of organo metallic compounds |
-
1946
- 1946-03-22 US US656508A patent/US2580473A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE526392C (en) * | 1928-11-02 | 1931-06-05 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Process for the production of metal complex compounds |
US1923697A (en) * | 1929-11-13 | 1933-08-22 | Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc | Production of amino trimethylbenzenes |
US2132505A (en) * | 1935-08-15 | 1938-10-11 | Du Pont | Plasticizing rubber |
US2150601A (en) * | 1937-03-19 | 1939-03-14 | Du Pont | Long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium fluosilicates |
US2264812A (en) * | 1939-03-04 | 1941-12-02 | Du Pont | Chemical process for splitting of ethylidene diacetate |
US2269498A (en) * | 1939-05-11 | 1942-01-13 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Amines of fourth group metal halides |
GB547148A (en) * | 1939-05-11 | 1942-08-17 | Titanium Alloy Mfg Co | Production of organo metallic compounds |
US2259063A (en) * | 1940-08-03 | 1941-10-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Complex diaryl guanidine metal salt addition compounds and preparation thereof |
US2259064A (en) * | 1940-08-03 | 1941-10-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Preparation of complex diaryl guanidine metal salt addition products |
Cited By (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2692231A (en) * | 1950-09-05 | 1954-10-19 | California Research Corp | Microbiocidal water treatment |
US2738290A (en) * | 1951-10-01 | 1956-03-13 | Deering Milliken Res Corp | Process of treating textiles and textile treating compound |
US2752379A (en) * | 1952-10-29 | 1956-06-26 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Resolving chlorosilane mixtures |
US3499086A (en) * | 1953-07-03 | 1970-03-03 | Hoechst Ag | Methods and compositions for controlling fungal and bacterial infestation of plants utilizing organic tetravalent tin compounds |
US2822338A (en) * | 1954-01-08 | 1958-02-04 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Quaternary ammonium hydroxides in foam rubber |
DE1111182B (en) * | 1954-09-10 | 1961-07-20 | Dow Corning A G | Process for the preparation of preferably water-soluble organosilicon compounds |
US2950208A (en) * | 1954-11-25 | 1960-08-23 | American Enka Corp | Production of shaped objects from viscose |
US2953425A (en) * | 1954-11-25 | 1960-09-20 | American Enka Corp | Production of shaped objects from viscose |
DE977554C (en) * | 1955-03-03 | 1967-02-02 | Merck Ag E | Pest repellent with insecticidal and acaricidal effects |
US3037039A (en) * | 1958-05-19 | 1962-05-29 | S & M Chemicals Ltd | Organo-tin compounds of organic amines |
US3124512A (en) * | 1958-05-29 | 1964-03-10 | Compositions for use in caries | |
US3089847A (en) * | 1960-04-15 | 1963-05-14 | Hagan Chemicals & Controls Inc | Inhibiting bacterial growth |
US3070615A (en) * | 1960-04-15 | 1962-12-25 | Seyferth Dietmar | Novel organo tin compounds |
US3254102A (en) * | 1961-09-26 | 1966-05-31 | Gen Mills Inc | Fatty quaternary ammonium group vb metal compounds |
US3294827A (en) * | 1961-09-26 | 1966-12-27 | Gen Mills Inc | Quaternary ammonium metal compounds |
US3275636A (en) * | 1961-12-19 | 1966-09-27 | Texaco Inc | Amine hexafluotitanates |
US3242105A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1966-03-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Quaternary ammonium-tin halide polymers |
US3525763A (en) * | 1963-04-17 | 1970-08-25 | Inst Silikon Und Fluorkarbonch | Production of salts of organofluorosilicic acids |
US3431288A (en) * | 1964-11-10 | 1969-03-04 | Scm Corp | Triorganostannoxy zirconium alcohol ate derivatives of dialkanolamine |
US3401186A (en) * | 1965-03-26 | 1968-09-10 | Inst Silikon & Fluorkarbonchem | Process for alkylating, alkenylating, arylating and reducing metal salts |
US3458555A (en) * | 1966-08-17 | 1969-07-29 | Inst Silikon & Fluorkarbonchem | Production of amino-organofluorosilicates |
US3505372A (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1970-04-07 | Frances J Josh | Onium salts containing metal complexes as the anions |
US3624120A (en) * | 1969-12-22 | 1971-11-30 | Procter & Gamble | Quaternary ammonium salts of cyclic siloxane polymers |
US4161518A (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and methods for inhibiting plaque formation |
WO1979000454A1 (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Compositions and methods for inhibiting plaque formation |
WO1979000456A1 (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Compositions and methods for inhibiting plaque formation |
US4748188A (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1988-05-31 | Guglielmo Richard J Sr | Process for treating wood products with an antifouling/preservative composition |
USRE31787E (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1985-01-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4304766A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1981-12-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4243658A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1981-01-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and methods for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4289530A (en) * | 1980-01-18 | 1981-09-15 | Albee Laboratories, Inc. | Symmetrical quaternary ammonium compounds and their use in heavy metals recovery |
US4366146A (en) * | 1980-08-11 | 1982-12-28 | Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Co. | Compositions and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4428930A (en) | 1981-09-18 | 1984-01-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4470964A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1984-09-11 | Minnesota Minning And Manufacturing Company | Composition and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4485090A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1984-11-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Composition and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4510127A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1985-04-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Compositions and method for reducing elution of therapeutic agents from teeth |
US4578489A (en) * | 1982-06-10 | 1986-03-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Ammonium stannates-(IV) |
US5342617A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1994-08-30 | Medical Polymers, Inc. | Water-based human tissue lubricant |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2580473A (en) | Complex ammonium salts and processes for producing the same | |
JPH04506538A (en) | Cyclic amide carboxy surfactant, its synthesis and use | |
US2052192A (en) | Boric acid esters | |
WO1998021369A1 (en) | Use of carboxyamide-polysiloxanes for water-proofing leather | |
US2178353A (en) | High molecular weight tetravalent sulphur compounds and process for their production | |
US2196985A (en) | Alkyl hydroxy aromatic sulphonates | |
US2518266A (en) | Quaternary ammonium textile treatment agents and method of application thereof | |
US2304830A (en) | Amides of heterocyclic carboxylic acids | |
EP0019837B1 (en) | Process for softening textile material, agents suitable therefor and textile material treated according to the process | |
US2139697A (en) | Thiourea derivatives | |
US2372985A (en) | Compositions for treatment of fibrous materials | |
US2388154A (en) | Amides | |
US2236530A (en) | Sulphocarboxylic acid esters of alcohol amine derivatives | |
EP0103274A2 (en) | Perfluoroalkylmaleic amides and perfluorofumaric amides, process for their preparation and their use as stain repellent agents | |
US2192906A (en) | Diamides of aliphatic sulpho-and sulphato-dicarboxylic acids and processes of preparing them | |
US3389102A (en) | Process for the production of concentrated aqueous methylpolysiloxane emulsions containing zirconium salts | |
US3126378A (en) | Novel polymeric thiadiazinethiones | |
US2139277A (en) | Dialkyl cyclohexylamine salts of higher alkyl sulphates | |
DE1695041C3 (en) | Substituted square bracket on 2-guanidino-4-amino-s-triazinyl- (6) square bracket on -N- square bracket on 2,4-diamino-s-triazinyl- (6) square bracket on-amine, their Use in surface finishing agents and processes for their production | |
US2452043A (en) | Derivatives of sulfosuccinamic acid | |
US2258320A (en) | ||
US2192664A (en) | Derivatives of alcohol amine condensation products | |
US2239720A (en) | Sulphopolycarboxylic acid amides | |
GB393276A (en) | Manufacture of emulsions, dispersions, and the like | |
DE670096C (en) | Process for the production of pellets from protein substances and / or protein breakdown products |