USX6253I1 - Machinery fob turning - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

' ELBRIDGE WEBBER AND C. HAHTSllORN, OF GAIlDlNER, MAINE.

. MACHINERY FCB TURNING LASTS, dio.

Specification o! Letters Patent No. 6,253, dated April 3, 1849.

yTo all whom il may concern:

lle it known that we ELuulnci: Innen and CuauLcs llainsnuux, of the town of Gardiner. in the county of Kenncbcc and State of Maine, have invented n new Mode of Turning Lasts and other Irregular Figuns from Reverse Patterns, which is de scribed as follows, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

Figure 1,' is a birtls eyeview. of the machine. lj`ig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 3, is a plan of the cutters, stock, pulley, and gage rod. Fig. 4, is a ysection on the dotted line :c a: of Fir'. 3. Fig. 5, is an end view of'the cutters. clfig. 6 is a verticalxsection showing the pawl wheel and adjustable pawls and Sliding box, upon which they operate. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section showing the sliding carriage, screw,

cone pulley, (Qc.

Slmilar letters in the several figures refer to corresponding parts.

The nature of our invention and improvement consists in turning regular, irregular` and plain figures, such as shoe lasts, gun stocks, oars, busts, plates,signs, letters tinted columns and an infinite variety of forms from reverse patterns, or forms, that is to say from patterns of a reverse form, to

that of the article to be turned, producing a depression or cavity directly opposite a corresponding protuberance or Swell on the pattern over which the friction gage rod of the cutter stock Laneouslyjrotatcs on its axis, and trvrses Atothe right and to the left, as the friction gage rod passes over the protuberances and hollows of the pattern in moving the carringe; carrying the cutter longltudinallv 1n a straight line between the pat-tern and block of wood or other article. to be sha ed; and in so adapting the several parts o the machine that during the operation of turning, say a last. the size and taper of the toe may be varied and likewise graduated to conform to the fashion, and ditl'erent lengths of lasts may be turned from the same patterns by increasing or diminishing the longitudinal movement of the carriage' containing thev block of wood. whileturning from the same pattern, and iinishing the-heel and toe. and

also adapting the machine to--the performance of various kinds nf cuttmn' and turnsigns; and carving passes as the latter simul-` terns by a very slicht modification of several parts of the machine; positive formsproduciug reverse forms; und the essential parts of the machine moving in straight. linesbeing an improvement on Thuinas Blanchards system of t by a pattern centered in a lathe moving in the arc of a circle for producing u like form of variable proportion-said system being defectivcon account of the cutters producing a protuberance when the attcrn and block in the lathe swing in tie arc of a, circle above the center of the cutter wheel, and producing a depression whenfit swings below the center, rendering much shaving und trimming necessary after the article has been turned. In Blanchards machine like form must be produced from lil-:e form, of the same size, or of different proportions. Inour machine like forms cannot be produced from like forms. A convex pattern produces a concave form and vice versa.

We malte a pat-tern b v centering a form, say a last, and block of wood on parallel centers and bring the convex ends of the gage. rod of the cutter stock against the last and the opposite end which contains the cutf ters against the block of wood and the machine beingr operated will produce a reverso pattern. Then by reversing the position of the gage rod and cutters any;v required number of lasts may be produced from `the pattern thus formed, the right side of. the reverse pattern turning the left side of the last. This we call turning from a reverse pattern and constitutes the gist of our in- Letters Patent. This principle o f turning from reversed forms may be applied t the and by means of a great variety of combination of mechanical devices; but as we intend to confine this application 'to a certain combination for producing shoe lasts, oars, gun stocks, and other articles o-llke character, shall merely give a description of this part of the machinery; at the same. time premising by stating that the machinery, with veryy slight modicatztons, may becas y adapted to the various kinds of turning or above stated.

Description: A represents the Fmme vention and is what. we wish to Secure by producing of almost every kind offormg;

producing forms,'figurs,' letteringl &c.,"s

busts 'from revexsc paturning. which is performed` loro,

i.: to be produced and the reverse pattern last.

C C are cog wheels on the centers ll ll to which thc blocl: and pattern are scoured, caused to revolve siinultaneniislj.' iu opposite directions hv being geared to tlic aforesaid long pinion B.

c Figs. l and 7 is a sliding frame.. or carriagc containing the centering axles 1l ll to which the article being lui-nei.' is secured, and an endless slrew on which is secured a cone pulley for` movingr the frame or car ringe e and centering stock and block of wood duringr the operation of turning,r for increasing and diminishingY the length of the last1 or oihcrarticlc under the operation of the cutters.

D is n cog wheel meshingr into a cog wheel C; attached to shaft E is a awl wheel f to which the pawls F are attac ied for vurying the size of the toe ofthe last while turnrepresents a sliding box through which the center ll (that secures the toe of the pattern) passes, moved up by the pawls 1` F und back by the spring v. 1

W is a screw to regulate the movement of ttie sliding box G. w are set screws for holding the pawls with their ends nt the required distance from the center of the wheel to roduce the required motion to graduate t ie size to conform to the fashions.

I are the cutters for cutting the material -while turning. These cutters are made in the form of two spiral cutters each tapered to a point and atlixed to the small ends of a cone-each cutter operating on the principle of a ga e.

J is t e rotating sliding socket stock vinto one end` of which the shank of the cutters is inserted.

P is a screw for holding the shank of the cutters firmly in the stock J.

K is the gage rod-one of its ends (that which is opposite the cutters) being inserted into the stock J and held by a screw :tw-the other end being n iade convex and smooth for rubbing against the surface of the atterri as it rotates and traverses to the rifvlit, and left, moving the cutter back and orward causing it to cut reverse from the pattern The socket in each end ofthe stock is made of suthcient depth to admit the shrinks of the cutting instrument and gage rod to be inserted t'o any required depth for varying the sizes of the lasts, or other articles to be turned- Q is a pulleyon the rotating stock for drivinrr the cutters and gage rods` The band f that asses round this pulley also passes round t e drum Df.

K is av sliding carriage in which the rotating and sliding stock is placed.

M is a'n endless chain passed around n one at each end of the frame for moving the carriage with the cutters and gage ro longitudinally between the pattern and last. u is a co,f y wheel on the shaft N of the propellingr puller of the endless chain.

b is :i .spiral tlireiiil or screw on the shaft of tlii| main drinn geared with the cog wheel u tor moving the endless chain.

shaft of the loinglr pinioriB to drive the feed screw T and with' it the frame e at various" degrees of speed. The object of this part of lie mechanical arrangement is to turn different lengths from the saine zittern by movin the carriage containing lie block of woo longitudinall)l :it various dci'rees of speed.

U is a lever plate attached1 by a pin to the carriage c and dro )ping edffewise into the thread ofthe screw l for fee irig. The long pinion B ni'ust be made of su icient length to allow the pinion C to slide back und forth without getting out of gears as the carriage e traverses to the right and left.

V V are two revolving hollow cylinders tohold the last and pattern whilst finishing the heel and toe of the last.

lV: il '2 are set screws to secure the last and pattern, whilst the last. is being finished.

g, g. are cog wheels on the hollow cylinders V, V, and It is a cog wheel arranged between them and vinto which they mesh for turning the said cylinders.

k is n cog wheel on a horizontal shaft meshingr into cog wheel i, propelled by a pulley,r and band y leading to the main drum D.

The centers z' 1' j j for centering the last and pattern previous to being secured in the cylinders are made and arranged on the same principle as those above described. 'They are arranged in stocks L aliixed to slides l moving' in grooves in the frame and are rel moved out' of the way of the operation of the cutters during the operation of dressinfr the heels and toes. The carriage m. m, bo ters n n, gage rod o `@and cutters p v are arranged between the lusttbloclr and reverse* pattern as before. The carriages containing the cutters andgage rods are attached to the endless'chain Aby the lever L in such manner as to move incontrary direction; that is to say, by attaching the` carriages to the chain M b means of the lever L and hooks U U ont e end of the lever- 15, by moving the upper end of the/lever in the arc of, a circle to the right o'r to the left and bringing the hook irrt@ ci. link ofthe chain pas pared in the manner above stated aud diilv centered and secured on thc centers ll ll and the lilot'k oi' woo-tl to be tumed to the form of a last to other article being also centered und Isecured. the machine is put in motion by any convenient and adequate power applied to the main shaft. The druin.'lmiitls, and pulleys` cause the pattern block and .stock with the gage rod and spiral cutters to revolve and die pulleys carrying thc endless chain which moves the carriagcscoiincctcd thereto with the rotating s iral cutters bctvveen tliepatterti and bloch` of wood to be turned, the end ofthe gage rod beingprcssed against the pattern by the twist ofthe band of the stock; and the pattern revolving in its centers causes the stock and cutters to move toward and from the centers of the block of wood to be turned andV finished ir. the same sinuous line as that described by the line of the pattern, the spiral cutters paring down the bloclcto the required foriri which ivill be the reverse of that of the pattern. The cutter riust be' of the forni described arid represented in Figs.4 3 and 4 and 5 in order to perform this vvorlc. The cutters used in Blanchards machine would not act in our machine.

In order to vary the fashions of the lasts to be turned by the same reverse form-that is to say to malte the lasts longer, and nartower, or broader, and thicker, or thinner, at the point or toe without changing the pattern, an additional movement is required to be produced in the pattern and last; namely a. horizontal alternate movement of one end of the reverse pattern toward and from the -last simultaneously with its rotary movement and a longitudinal movement, of the last simultaneously with its i rotary movement. The horizontal recipro` eating movement of the toe end of the re- `verse pattern toward and from the last for varying the shape of the point or toe is produced y securing the pawls F (Fig. 6) in Certain positions on thedpawl vvheel f. Tivo lrevolves the of the pawls are set an secured nearer the center of the pawl wheel than the remaining tivo palls' which are at right angles to s'aid rst mentioned pavvls. As the pawl wheel afivlslstrike againts the head G of.the sli e containing the cent-er of the pattern and moves it horizontally with the endl of the pattern affixed thereto toward the last, causii'g the cutters to move also toward the last `v'vhich it paresdown more or lessaccordLng to the set of the pan-ls.

The spring 'b keeps the head of the slide back in a proper position to be struck by theV pawls asthey revolve. The remaining cen-V ter of the pattern to which theheel is af fixed and the tivo-centers of the last have no horizontal 'transverse 'movement toward the cutters.- If the sides of the toeare to be made more'ponited two of the pawls on the diameter of the pawl-wheel must be set out farther from the center and ifthe upper and under sides of the toc arc to be reduced the tivo pnivls at right angles to those just named must be set out further. llut if the last is to be made wider and thicker the paivls must be set in neur the center of the pavvl wheel. The screw W is to regulate thc movement of the center H back or forward at pleasure during the operation of thc iiiachine bj.' hand in order to cut more from one si 'le of the last than from the other and to change the position of the toe-end the cutter is in operation. In order to increase the length of the last. to be cut froin the same pattern, the last must be moved longitudinally at the same time that it revolves `on its center, a given distance dur# ing the time that the gage rod K is passing over the surface of the pattern from end to end and this longitudinal movement ofthe last-block is cti'ected by causing the carriage e containing the centers of the last-block to move in an opposite direction from that of the cutter by means of the screw T turned by the cone pulley S and band d-the thread of which screw being made to act; against a. latch U attached to the carriage b a pin u on which it turns. By lowering the latch till it is in contact with the thread of they screw carriage `will move. On raising the latch the carriage will cease to move. To increase the velocity of the carriage for producing a longer last the band d must. be shifted to a smaller portion of the cone pulley on the screw shaft which will cause the screw to revolve a greater number of turns in a given time and consequently cause the carriage to move at a more rapid rate while the gage rod K is traversing the surface of the reverse pattern. The rotary motion of the'last-block is kept up b the inion C being constantly in gear vvit the ong pinion Bv which is to be made of sucient length to admit of the gear being unbroken during the longitudinal movement of thecarriage. By these additional movements of the reverse pattern and lastblock produced in the manner just described a great variety of fashions of lasts can be produced from a single reverse pattern, which renders this machine very valuable.

In order to increase or diminish the diameter of the article to be turned the cutters must be moved`nearer to or farther from the pattern-by s lirlincr the shank of the cutters in the stock and` securing the same .in any required positions by the set screw.

The before described principle of turn- .ing may be ap lied to cut res insections g smooth sur from reverse omis-and a .faces-' -var ing the combination accordingly-an to'move the cog wheels on the revolving cenmaking use of a ratchet wheel ters to which the patlern and block nre affixed having an arrangement of shafts und cog wheels for the Winding of chains :1t tnched to vertirnlly sliding carriages placed on opposite sides of the main frame one containing: thc4 pattern and the other the nrtiele to be lettered or turned-the cutter and guge rod operating lwteen them, having also a lever lending from the ratchet wheel to n trip leverrind a system of cone pulleys to alter the speed of the cutter-'und gage, the carriage beingl moved either bv the endless chain or revolving slotted crzinli und itman rod.

`W iat. we claim f5 our invention, and desire to secure b v Leiters Patent is 1. The method of finishing the heel and toe of the last bv holding the pattern and lust. in cylindrical holder and removing the Centers and applying the cutters Simnlta 20 witnesses.

' PILBRIDGE WEBBER. f

CHARLES HARTSHORN.

Witnesses: NATHAN Wxn'niong N. O. Mncnnu.

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