US117978A - Improvement in carving-machines - Google Patents

Description

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m JAMES w. cAMPBELL.

p'rovemeny in Carving MaChfle- Patented August l5, 1871.

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v JAMES W. CAMPBELL.

lmproyement'inarving Machine, l mlm||||m|||r|nlnnlfmnmilallllll llllmm'limlllnlnlnlmllmm Famed August 15,38-

Nrrnn STATEs .A 'rnr OFFICE.

JAMES WV. CAMPBELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y. y

IMPROVEMENT IN CARV'ING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 117,978, dated August 15, 187] To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES W. CAMPBELL, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carving-lilachines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being` had to the accompanying drawing' which forms part of this speciiication, and in which the iigures that relate to the machine are drawn to a scale ot' about one inch to the foot, and the ligures that relate to the work done by the machine represent said work full size.

Figure l is a side view of a carving-machine constructed in accordance with my invention, Fig. 2, a sectional plan thereof` through the line a' .t in Fig. l, Fig. 3, a transverse section ofthe same through the line y y in Fig. l. 4 is a side view, and Fig. 5 atop or edge view of a strip or piece of work as done by the machine.

Similar letters ofreterence indicate corresponding parts throughout the several iigures.

This invention relates to a machine for automatically cutting or carving what is termed rustic stem,'a particular description of carved work used for picture-frames, and which, prior to the invention of this machine, has been produced by hand at a great expense of time andlabor, and citen very imperfectly or irregularly. The invention comprises a cutter-head which has a threefold motion, namely, a revolving one around an axis arranged at right angles or nearly so to the direction in which the wood or strip to be carved is fed through the machine, a lateral movement in direction of the length of said axis, and a vibrating or up-and-down movement relatively to the work as it passes under the cutter-head. The invention likewise includes an arrangement of revolving side cutters, having also a vibrator-y motion to or from the work by means of a cam or cams, in combination with a pendent support of said cutters, and a driving-belt arrangement that holds or draws them together, and that dispenses with weights or springs to keep said cutters up to action by the cam or cams. The invention also comprises various advantageous combinations of details by which these several movements are effected.

Having thus specified the nature of the invention, its description will be proceeded with in reference to the accompanying drawing.:

A represents the bed or table of the machine,

on or along which the strip of wood t`o be carved is fed in direction of the arrow z, by means of a revolving' feeder, B. This table should be adjustable up or down to suit diiferent depths or thicknesses of stuff and to adapt the latterl to the cutters.

Prior to describing the-action ofthe cutters it will be well to refer to Fi gs.l 4 and 5, which show a piece of rustic-stem work, C, the peculiarities of which, so far as it is necessary to explain the same here, consist of serpentine or spirally-arran ged ridges with intervening grooves'b formed in successive sections or lengths, separated by semi-knot holes that may be cut by a gouge after the work comes from the machine. Each ofthese spirally-ridgmi and grooved sections is hollowed out, as at c on top of the strip, and as at d d on the sides thereof. Said strip has a generally rounded coniiguration given it transversely on its upper edge, and the serpentine grooves b and ridges formed therein or on, also the curvilinear depressions or hollows c made therein in direction of the length of the strip by means of a revolving cutter-head, D, provided with a cutter or cutters of the requisite shape. This cutterhead, in addition to its rotary motion, has a lateral reciprocating movement relatively to the strip, by which the serpentine dispositian of the aforesaid grooves andv ridgesis produced, also an up-and-down motion to form the curvilinear depressions or hollows c.

Such threefold action of the cutters carried by the cutter-head D is effected as follows: The transversely-arranged shaft E that carries said cutter-head is continuously revolved by means Vof a belt, @,and pulleys fg from a main drivingshaft, F. Said shaft E has its rear bearing t hung ly trunnions or side pivots h li in a box, G, which is iitted to the frame so as to be capable of sliding to and fro in a transverse direction to the machine-or in other words, in alongitudinal direction of the shaft E, which it car ries during such movement along with it. This motion .gives the serpentine grooving action to the cuttersof the revolving cutter-head D, and is produced by the joint actions of a revolving cam, H, operating against a leg, t', of the sliding box G, and a spring, I, connected with said boX. The cani H receives its rotary motion by a belt, k, from either one of two ormore differently-sized pulleys, J, on the driving-shaft F, to one cf'two or more differently-sized pulleys, K, on a lower cross-shai`t, L, which latter, by means of a belt, l, and pulleys m n, revolves the shaft M that carries the rotary feeder B, and that, by a spurwheel, 0, communicates motion through a wheel, p, to a cross-shaft, N., rlhis cross-shaft N has a wheel, q, on it,rwhich gears with a wheel, r, to rotate the cam H, by which, in conjunction with the spring l, the cutter-head D is reciprocated laterally in relation to the strip. Said crossshaft N also carries a spur-wheel, s, which gears with a wheel, t, arranged beneath the forward portion ofthe cutter-head shaft E, and said wheel t caused to rotate a cam, 1) that serves to give the necessary up-and-down motion to the shaft E at its forward end to form the longitudinal upper hollows c in the strip. For this purpose the forward bearing Q of the shaft E is fitted by vertical V-guides, so as to be capable of rising and falling in the box which carries said bearing, the trunnions or pivots h h being the centers of motion, which is a vertieally-vibrating or rocking one. rlhe curvilinear hollows d d in the sides of the strip are produced by horizontally revolving cutter-heads B B, provided with suitable cutters, sueh reductions taking place after the strip h: s passed from under the cutterhead l). The vertical or approxirnately-vertical shafts of these horizontally-revolving cutter-heads have their lower bearin gs a a. iitted so as to be capaA ble of sliding' to and fro in a transverse relation to the strip, and their upper bearings b b attached by pivots c c', so that said cutter-heads B 'it are supported in a pendent manner from above, and are free to approach or recede from each other below, whereby the curvilinear side recesses d. d are cut in the, strip. lhen a like configuration or hollow is required on both sides of the strip, a single revolving cam, A, operating against pins d. d on the sliding lower bearings a a, suffices but when a different coniiguration is required on the one side of the strip, as compared with the other, then each sliding lower bearing may be operated by a separate cam of suitable shape. Said cam A simply serves to force the horizontal cutter-heads lt B apart, the latter, or their lower slidin bearings, being d "awn together or made to follow up the cam by means of the pendent support of said cutter-heads, in mnnbinatiou with a certain arrangement of the belt by which they are rotated,

thereby dispensing with weights or springs to operate conjointly with the cam. Said cam A has its rotary motion given to it by a spur-wheel, s', in gear with the wheel o", bevel-pinions e j", and a tf'ain of gearing, h i j.

The rotary motion of the cutter-h eads B B i s produced by abelt, as follows: B is a vertical shaft, which is revolved by a belt, 7s and pulleys from th e drivingshaft F. On the upper end of this vertical shaft B is a pulley, l', round which the belt m, that rotates the cutter-heads 1t B, is passed. i

This belt passes from the pulley Z on the off side of the machine to and round a tension-pulley, n', upon the other side of the machine or opposite side of the combined cutter-heads, from thence back to and around a pulley, r1, on the shaft of the cutter-head B, furthestfrom the tension-pulley a', and from thence to and around a pulley, r2, on the shaft of the other cutter-head lt, from whence it passes back to the pulley Z. By this arrangement of the belt m the cutter-heads R R are drawn together or held up to their lateral reciprocating action by the cam A througll or by the same belt which serves to rotate them, with provision, however, for yield of the belt to allow of said cutter-heads being forced apart by the cam A without endangering the subsequent slip of the belt.

Wh at is here claim ed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

l. rlhe cutter-head l), having a threefold motion, as described, namely, a revolving one over the stuff or strip to be worked, a reciprocating lateral one relatively to said strip, and a reciprocating up-and-down motion in relation thereto, when constructed substantially as specified.

2. rlhe combination of the sliding or laterallymoving bearing-box Gr and its cam H with the rockin gbearinge, the revolving cutter-head shaft E, the rising-and-falling front bearin g Q, andthe cam l?, essentially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The pendent revolving cutter-heads B B,

in combination with one or more intermediate cam or.cams, A, the driving-belt lmf, and the pulleys Z u and rl r2, when the whole are arranged for operation substantially as specified.

J. W. CAMPBELL.

llVitnesses z Fnnn HAYNns, lt. E. Reimann.

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