US642073A

US642073A - Mortising-machine.

Info

Publication number: US642073A
Application number: US71402499A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert S Brown
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1899-04-22
Filing date: 1899-04-22
Publication date: 1900-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 1917-01-30

Description

Patented Jan. 30,- i900. R. S. BRDWN.

MORTISlNG MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr. 22, 1899.)

5 sheets-sheet No Manel.;

No'. 642,073. Patemed 1an. 30, |900. s. Bnown.

MORTIASING MACHINE.

(Application led Apr. 22, 1899.)

(Ho HudeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet4 2.

No. @41H73 Patented lan. 30, |900. R. S. BRWN.

MRTSING MACHINE.

(Application filed Apr. 22, 1899.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Windel.)

fnl/@11 for' Il?. 6'. Bro wn,

wz Norms paens co, Fumo-uws. wAsmnaToN, n, c.

No. 542,1073. Patented 1an. so, |900. n. s. 'own.

MDRTlSlNG MACHINE.

(Appxicacion med Apr. 22, 1599.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

STaTns PATENT Trice.

ROBERT BROVN, OF-NEV BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

MORTISING-MAGHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,073, dated January 30, 1900.

Application filed April 22, 1899. Serial No.714.024. (No model.)

To all wwnt it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ROBERT S. BROWN, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lliortising-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates' to mortising-machines, and is shown as applied to that class in which the mortise is formed by means of a cutter-chain, although many of its details could be employed with other kinds of machines; and it has for its object the provision of a machine by which a number of mortises may be cut simultaneously without the necessity of removing the work from the feedtable.

A further object of theinvention is the provision of means whereby the positions of the cutters, and consequently the mortises to be cut, may be varied both longitudinally and transversely of the work; and a still further object of the invention is the provision of features of construction pertaining to the feedtable and its operating mechanism, whereby the work may be adjusted to the cutters.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a top view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same as seen from the left of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail cross-section, on an enlarged scale, through the frame and showing the construction of the head or top bar. Fig. 5 isa section taken on line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a rear perspective view of the adjustable block for holding the chain- ,baiz Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section through the feed-table and the clamping mechanism. Fig. 8 is a similar View through the feed-table and its elevating mechanism, and Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the work-supporting blocks.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

As above mentioned, my invention relates to mortisingnnachines adapted for a great variety of work-ms, for instance, the manufacture of doors, blinds, furniture, windowsashes, screens, dsc-and particularly where rapidity and facility of manipulation are essential conditions in the economic production of such articles on a large scale.

The machine is illustrated adjusted to a door-stile in which four blind mortises are tobe out, one near each end and two closely together and intermediate its ends,to receive a double tenon formed on the middle or lock rail, all of the four mortises being cut simultaneously and during one feeding opera tion of the table, which may be moved laterally to locate the mortises properly in the stiles of different thicknesses,wl1ile means are .provided for feedingthe work during the cutting operation, such feed movement being adjustably controlled, so that either through or blind mortises may be cut, as desired, the size of such mortises being dependent on the cutters and their supports, and the locations of the mortises in the stile longitudinally may be varied at will, so that the machine may readily be adjusted t0 the different requirements of the Work to be done.

In the drawings, 10 10 designate the end frames of the machine,connected by two pairs of girders 11 12, the former of which support the driving-shafts by which movement is imparted to the several mechanisms and the latter of which are adapted to retain the several top bars or heads in adjusted positions. 1

The driving mechanism embodies two main shafts 1S and 14, arranged side by side and receiving rotary motion from a counter-shaft (not shown) by belts passing over the pulleys 13' and 14', respectively, both shafts being speeded alike and journaled in bearings 13 14a, respectively.

Secured on the shaft 13 are pulleys 13", while similar pulleys 14h are mounted on the shaft 14, said pulleys 13b and Ml being connected by belts 13 and 14C, respectively, with driving-pulleys mounted on the several cutter-arbors, one of which is carried by each head, as will be hereinafter described, four of such heads being shown in the drawings and all being of similar construction.

The head, which is designated in a general way by B, is shown consisting of a casting having at each end thereof a pair of unalinedA ears 2O 20', projecting from its opposite sides and adapted to slide on ways 12a 12b, respectively, which are formed at the upper sides of the girders 12, above mentioned, and by referring to Fig. 5 it will be seen that said ears have their bearingfaces at opposite sides of the center line of the head, so that while each end of the head is thus supported for a distance nearly double its width, yet two adjacent heads may be brought closely togetherfor instance, the intermediate heads represented in Figs. 1 and 2-so that the front end of the ear 2OY of one head will be positioned close to the rear end of the ear 2O of the adjacent head, the space for such adjustment being provided in the head at a. (See Figs. 4 and 5. v

Means are provided for positioning each cutter-carrying head on the Ways longitudinally to increase or decrease the distances between the mortises to be cut, such means consisting of a shaft 21, journaled in the web portion of the head B and having at its end a portion 21a, to which a wrench may be applied for rotating said shaft. A pinion 22 is keyed to the shaft 2l, near the rear end thereof, and meshes with a gear 23, shown as `forming a part of a drum 24, which is provided with a circumferential groove 25 and is journaled on a bushing 26, between the iiange 26LL thereof and an arm 27, depending from Vthe head B, said bushing being firmly held in said arm and having an aperture 26b to permit the free passage of the cutter-driving arbor 28.

In Fig. 1 the drum 24 is shown encircled by a loop of rope 29, one end of said rope being fixed to the end frame lO and the other end to abolt 29, adjustably secured to the end frame 10' and serving to regulate the tension of said rope, so that an efficient bite on the drum 24 may result. Hence it will be understood that by rotating the shaft 21 the head will be caused to move on the ways l2a 12b in either direction. These pulleys or drums O C are so located on the shafts 28 that when two of the heads B B are brought closely together the angeof one pulley will pass by and overlap the flange of the other pulley, as illustrated in Figs. -1 and 2, and to enable this result to be accomplished the pulley on one shaft Bis placed at a less distance from the end thereof than is the pulley on the other shaft.

Arranged in each girder l2 and in parallelism with and between the ways 12a and 12b is a slot 12, adapted to receive apair of nuts 30 (see Fig. 5) in threaded engagement with bolts 3l, which are carried by thehead B and serve to clamp the same in adjusted position on the supporting-girders 12.

The chain or other cutter driving arbor 28 is journaled in bushings 32, preferably made in halves and adapted to be adjusted for taking up wear by means of one or more bolts 33,

threaded in the head and having check-nuts 34, and it carries a pulley 35, whereby rotary motion is imparted to it through a belt from a pulley on one ofthe shafts 13 or 14, as the case may be, the hub of the pulley 35 preventing a longitudinal displacement of the arbor in one direction, while a collar 36 serves for a like purpose in the other direction. When a chain cutter is employed, as shown, a sprocket 38, adapted to drive the cutter-chain C, is secured to the free end of the arbor by a nut 3'7", and

said chain is vertically and laterally guided v by the chain-bar 39, having at its lower end an antifriction-roller 39a, around which the chain passes and which serves to hold the same against displacement during the cutting operation. In the drawings the chain-bar is represented having parallel sides, so that in the present instance straight mortises will be cut; but, as is obvious, taper mortises may be produced by the substitution of a Wedge-shaped or tapered bar for the one illustrated.

It has been found in practice that the cutterchain will become lengthened during t-he cut= ting operation, and therefore means are provided whereby the resultant excess of slack may be taken up or wherebya chain of a different length may be employed without the use ot' a different'chain-bar, such means consisting, substantially, of a block or cross-head 40, (see Fig. 6,) provided atV its front with a rib 40, corresponding with a groove in the rear of the chain-bar, whereby the latter is held in vertical alinement with the block 40, which is vertically guided bya rib 40b at the back thereof and in sliding engagement with the apron b of the head B. The chain-bar is rinly secured to the said block 40 by a bolt 41 and Washer 42,-while the block 40 is adjustably clamped to the apron Z) bya bolt 43, entering a T-slot b', formed therein, and provided with a nut 43, so that by each of the bolts 43 a chain-bar 39 and a block 40 are held in place. It is obvious that, if desired, the above-mentioned bolt 4l may be dispensed with; but I prefer to employ said bolt as an additional means for firmly clamping the upper end of said bar to the block. When it is desired to remove the chain-bar from the block 40, the bolt 41 is removed from said block 'and the' nut 43a is unscrewed from the bolt 43, and in order to prevent said block from falling off an annular groove 43b is formed in the bolt 43, said groove being engaged by a screw 43c in the block 40 and being of such size that the block 40 and screw 43c may move slightly longitudinally on the bolt when it is clamped in place on the apron, and a stopscrew 43d is provided at the lower end of said apron b to prevent the bolt 43 from leaving its seat in the slot b'.

As the proper tensioning of the chain is essential for its successful operation, I provide a bolt 44 (see Fig. 3) in threaded engagement with the block 40 and having a shoulder 44n formed on the same or fixed thereto and resting against the under side of the head B, which bolt will prevent the block 40 from being crowded upward when the work is fed to the chain and may also serve as a means for adjusting said block 40 to alter the tension of the chain. Means are provided whereby each chain-bar may be individually adjusted laterally for alining the several -mortises or otherwise positioning the same relatively to each other, suoli means consisting of a series lOO IIO

of adjustable devices (shown as screw-pins) 45 (see Figs. 3 and 6) in threaded engagement with the block -lO and resting with their free ends against the apron h, and each of said screws has a diametrical aperture7 such as 45, adapted to receive a Wrench-pin,whereby said screws may be turned into or out of the block to the desired extent.

As above mentioned, myim proved machine is designed for cutting mortises in doorframes, the., and in the drawings I have illustrated a door-stile S having a series of blind mortises M formed therein, said stile being supported on a table, by which it may be fed to the cutters.

The table (designated in a general way by T) embodies a back 50, having at its front face a longitudinally-arranged rib 50, provided with a series of screw-threaded apertures a, said rib serving as a guide for the gage-blocks 5l for supporting the stile S. Each of the gage blocks is provided With grooves 5l 5lb of such size as to tit on the rib 500' and intersecting each other at right angles, while at their central point of intersection an opening 5lC is formed for the passage of a bolt 52 in threaded engagement with one of the apertures a above referred to, and the said grooves 5la lb are arranged at different distances from the stile-supporting faces of the block in order to enable the operator to gage the height at which the stile is supported above the rib 50 to any one of four distances I II lll 1V, (see Fig. 9,) it being understood, of course, that all of the blocks 5l are set alike on the said rib 50a.

rlhe stile S is positioned against a block g at one end of the table and is clamped against the back() by a series of arms 55, mounted on a shaft 56 and adjustably held thereon, said shaft being provided with a keyway, so that when it is oscillated said arms will be swung in unison therewith, their free ends being cup-shaped to receive springs 55n,which act against washers 55", yieldingly connected with the arms 55 by screw-rods 55, as clearly shown in Eig. 7. rl`he clamp-shaft 56 is journaled at its ends in bearings 65, formed on an angular plate 65, attached to the footplates 50c of the back 50, and said shaft is, furthermore, supported in a pair of ears 57, provided on each of a series of yokes 57, carrying between them the arms 55, and also on a yoke 5S, the latter carrying a hand-lever 59, keyed to the shaft, whereby the shaft 56 may be oscillated, which hand-lever has a pair of spring-actuated dogs 56, one at each side thereof, adapted to engage ratchet-teeth 56a, formed on the yoke 58, to retain said lever 59 in any desired position. By the mechanism above described the operator is enabled to actuate all of the arms 55 simultaneously either to clamp or release the stile S, and the springs 55 will permit all of the washers 55b to engage the stile at different points of its length, (ordinarily contiguous to the cutterchain s,) and thus ii rmly hold the same against the back 50, so that the mortises will be cut in a true position relatively to the sides of the stile. Each of the

yokes

57 and 58 is adjustably secured to the Linder side of the back 50 by means of a bolt 50d, carried by the yoke, the head of which is held within a T-slot 50c in said back, while a thumb-nut 50f serves firmly to clamp the yoke in adjusted position.

In practice the mortises are usually cut centrally of the thickness of the stile, and hence means are provided whereby stiles of different thicknesses may be operated upon in proper position relatively to the cutters, such means consisting` of a shaft 60, which is journaled at both ends thereof in bearings formed in the angular plates 65, above mentioned, and which is furthermore supported intermediate its ends by ears 57", depending from the vokes 57 58. Secured at each end of the shaft 60 is a bevel-gear 62, meshing with a similar gear 63, keyed to a stud 64, journaled in the apron h, forming a part of each angular plate 65, which is attached to the foot-plate 50C by means of screws 65C, and said stud is screw-threaded at its outer end to receive a nut 64a, whereby it is prevented from endwise movement. The inner end of said stud has a screw-thread, as 6i", in engagement with a similar thread formed in a vertically-movable slide or knee 6l, in which is also provided a slot 6l to permit free movement of a bolt 66, carried by the back 50 and having a nut 66, whereby said back and knee may be clamped together after being adjusted. The construction and assemblage of the several parts just described applies to both of the knees 6l alike, so that when the shaft 60 is rotated both ends of the back 50 Will be operated, rotary motion being imparted to the said shaft by means of a hand-wheel 67, located near the left end frame l0 of the inachine. (See Fig. 2.)'

Inasmuch as the back 50 and angle-plate G5 are firmly held together, it follows that when said back 50 is adj usted laterally on the knees 6l the

shafts

56 and 60 will be moved bodily and in unison therewith, and an opening (not shown) is therefore lprovided in the adjacent side walls of the knees 6l for permitting such movement of the shaft 60.

The mortises are formed by the cutterchains as the table T is moved in an upward direction, such movement being imparted to the knees 6l, which are vertically guided on ways 70 70', provided at the front edges of the end frames l0 l0', respectively, and said knees are connected to move simultaneously as follows: Each of the end frames 10 l0' is provided at the outer side thereof with a laterally-projecting lug 80, to which is pivotally connected one end of a link Sl, the other end of which link serves as a journal for a rockshaft 82, extending from end to end of the machine and through both links and carrying near each end a lever or arm S3, firmly secured thereto, so that when an oscillatory movement is imparted to the shaft 82 both IOO arms will be rocked simultaneously. A stud 84 is rigidly secured in the free end of each arm 83 by a set-screw 85 or otherwise, said stud projecting into and loosely fitting in the knee-slide. Hence it follows that if one end of the rock-'shaft is operated to raise the knee at that end the arm at the other end of the shaft will raise the knee at the other end of the machine, and all cramping action on the ways 70' will be obviated, although the length of the table and the distance between its supports may be of considerable extent.

The arms 83 have rearward extensions 83a, carrying counterweights 83b for approximately counterbalancing the table, and in order to permit the proper operation of the several parts apertures 86 are provided in the end frames through which the rock-shaft 82 may pass and which are of sufficient size to permit a free swinging movement ofthe same during thev vertical movement of the table.

It will be noticed that the shaft 82 is suspended by the links 81 in aI plane forward of the link-pivot axes 80, so that the knees are always 'held against the ways of the end frames, and hence all looseness at those points is obviated.

Connected to one of the studs 84, above mentioned, (see Figs. 2 and 8,) are the arms 87LL of afork 87, which is rigidly secured to a rod 88, carrying at its lower end a hollow cylinder 89, provided with an adjustable vent 90 and which constitutes, in connection with a piston-head 91, rigidly held in position on the base by a rod 92, a dash-pot, whereby the descending movement of the table may be checked as desired. A cross-bar 93 is fixed to the rod 92 by a series of pins 93a and has secured thereto by means of screws 93b and a washer 93c one end of a belt 94, which is passed over a drum 95, supported on a shaft 96, journaled in bearings 97, and to which continuous rotary movement is imparted from the shaft 13, as will be hereinafter set forth. The caps of the bearings 97 carry rigid arms 97 the ends of which serve as journals for a shaft 98, having the portion 98a, intermediate its ends, formed eccentric relatively to the axis of oscillation and provided at its ends with arms 99, whereby said shaft may be rocked to force a roller 100, which is journaled on the eccentric portion 98, into contact with the belt 94, so that the latter will be caused to move with the drum 95, such movement resulting in elevating the table, as will be readily understood. The device for operating the arms 99 embodies alink 101, (see Fig. 3,) bifurcated at its lower end and attached to a foot-lever 102, pivoted, as at 103, to a bracket- 104 and having a rearward extension 105, provided with a counterweight 106, whereby said lever 102 is normally held in an elevated position, and the belt 104 is consequently released.

In order to regulate the upward or feed movement of the table, means are provided for automatically relieving the contact-pressure between the drum and belt at the proper time, such means consisting in the present instance of a chain 107, one end of which is secured to one of the arms 99, while the other end is attached to the table and moves in unison therewith, so that when the mortiseS have been cut to the required depth the arms 99 will be elevated by the chain and against the foot-pressure of the operator, and it is obvious that the amount of feed movement of the table may be varied at will by properly adjusting the length of the chain.

As above stated, the drum is rotating continuously when the shaft 13 is in operation, the driving mechanism therefor embodying a cone-pulley 1 10, (see Fig. 1,) mounted on said shaft and connected by a cross-belt 111 with a corresponding cone-pulley 112, which is carried by a shaft 113. Power is transmitted from the shaft 113 by a worm thereon in engagement with a worm-gear 114, fixed on the laterally disposed shaft 115, which also carries a worm 115%, thelatter engaging a worm gear 116, mounted on the drum-spindle 96.

By referring to Fig. 2 it will be observed that the driving-shafts 13 and 14 are rotated in the same direction; but I deem it expedient to drive the arbors which operate the cutter-chains of the mortising-machine so that the chains of any pair of adjacent heads will run in opposite directions. The particular reason for this arrangement maybe found in the fact that when the cutting operation on the stile commences the resultant chipping and cutting action of the chain on the wood will naturally tend to cause a sliding movement of the stile on its supports in the direction in which the chain removes the chip, and it is evident that when a series of such chains or cutters are employed the strains on the stile, and hence its sliding tendency, are greatly increased, particularly when hard wood is being operated upon, and by running the cutter-chains in opposite directions, or, in other words, so that one half the cutters act .upon the stile in one direction while the remainder of the cutters act on the stile in the other direction, the cutting thrust of the chains may be almost nullied or neutralized.

Furthermore, this arrangement is of great importance when two of the heads are placed closely together, as shown in Fig. 2, for the reason that the `cutting thrusts of the chain cutters being neutralized, as described, all danger of splitting or tearing the wood is obviated.

In connection with the up-runs of the several chains chip-breakers of ordinary construction may be employed to prevent IOO IIO

IZO

the upper edge of the mortise from beingdisfigured or damaged by the cutter-chain tearing out or breaking o the wood at the edge of the said mortise.

The operation is as follows: The clampinglever 59 being depressed, the stile S isplaced 011 the gage-blocks 51 and against the end block g, near the right-hand end of the table T, and clamped in position by elevating said lever 59. Each of the several heads B is then positioned on the cutters 12 by rotating the shaft 21, so that the distance between the cutter-chains will correspond to the locations of the mortises to be cut, and the pulleys 13b and 141 are adjusted on the shafts 13 and 14, respectively, to properly rotate the cutterarbors. All of the several cutters may then be brought into alinement with each other by the screws 45 in the crossheads 40, which may also be adjusted vertically by the screw- .bolts at to giveaproper tension to the chains,

and the back 50 is subsequently adjusted laterally to locate the stile in the required position relatively to the cutters, such adjustment being obtained by a manipulation of the hand-wheel on the shaft 60. The chipbreakers are adjusted vertically and adjacent to the up-runs of the chain, so that their bearing-faces will rest on the upper edge of the stile before the full width of the mortises is being cut by the chains.

Rotary motion is imparted to the shafts 13 and 14 to drive the eutter-arbors and the drum 95, after which the operator depresses the treadle-lever 102, thereby causing the roller 100 to force the band 94 into contact with the centinuously-rotatin g drum 95, which will thus raise the table and feed the stile to the cutters until the said band is released from the drum either by a relief of the pressure on the treadle-lever or by the chain 107. Vthen the band 9i is free to slip on the drum, the table will descend until the lower edge of the knee 61 rests upon the upper face of the bearing-bracket Q7, the speed of such descending movement being checked by the dash-pot 89 as desired.

The stile S may readily be removed from the table, after withdrawing the clampingarm, by the release and depression of the hand-lever 59, and another stile may be substituted,clamped, and the mortises cut therein without interfering with the movement of the driving-shafts.

vWhile in the machine illustrated and described what are known as chain cutters are employed, yet it is distinctly to be understood that my invention is not limited thereto, for by slight changes in the mechanism other forms of cutters may be utilized without departing from my invention. It is also distinctly to be understood that many of the details of the invention may be employed in various kinds of machines and that the invention is therefore not limited to the particular machine shown in the drawings and described in the specification.

It is particularly to be noticed that the machine-frame and the heads B, applied thereto, are adapted to receive sets of mortising and clamping devices on each side thereof. In

other words, the means for carrying out the invention illustrated in the drawings on but one side of the machine may be duplicated on the other side of said machine Without de@ parture from my invention.

While particular forms of tracks are shown upon which the heads B are mounted for adjustment, yet, as is obvious, these are in no sense material to the invention, as the same contemplates any suitable form of track or of ways upon which the tool-carrying heads B may be received and adjusted.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with framework having Ways, ofa head mounted on said ways; a cutter mounted in said head; a shaft journaled in the head and carrying means for driving the cutter; a pulley journaled on a bushing Ithrough which the shaft passes; means for manually actuating said pulley; and means carried by the framework and cooperating with the pulley to adjust the head on said framework.

2. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with framework, of a head spanning the same and mounted on ways thereof; a device carrying a cut-ter carried by said head; a shaft for driving the cutter journaled in the head; a grooved pulley mounted for rotation in said head; gearing for actuating said pulley; and a device passing around the pulley and connected at its ends with the framework, the construction being such that by rotating the pulley the head may be adjusted to the desired position.

3. In a machine of the class specified, the combination with framework of a series of heads adjustable on the same; a series of cutters, one mounted in each head; shafts for driving the cutters mounted in bearings in the heads; a pulley mounted for rotation in each head and having a gear; a series of gears engaging the gears on said pulleys; and a series of cords in engagement with the pulleys and attached at their free ends to the framework.

4t. In a machine of the class specified, the combination,with a head adjustably mounted on the framework and having a projecting apron, of a block adjustably mounted on the apron; a cutter-bar carried by the block; a cutter-chain fitted for movement on the cutter-bar; a shaft mounted in bearings of the head and carrying a gear for driving the eutterchain; and means for simultaneously clamping the cutter-bar tothe block and the block to the head.

5. In a machine of the class specified, the combination with a frame having ways, of a head spanning the frame and adjustably mounted on the Ways, said head having a series of bearings; a drivingshaft mounted in two of the bearings and carrying a gear; a pulley sleeved on one of the bearings; gearing for driving said pulley; a chain or cord carried around the pulley and connected at its ends to the frame; and ay cutter actuated by the gear on the driving-shaft.

IOO

IIO

6. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with alaterally-adjustable head having a depending apron, of a driving-shaft mounted in bearings of the head; a block adjustably mounted on the apron; a cutter-bar carried by the block; a cutter-chain fitted over the cutter-bar; and gearing connecting said cutterchain and driving-shaft.

7. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with a head, of a cutter-chain; a chainbar; a block to which the chain-bar is attached; and means for securing said block whereby it may be moved to .aord a longitudinal adjustment of the chain-bar, said means serving to clamp the chain-bar to the block and the block to the head.

8. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with a cutter-chain and a chain-bal', of,

'block for holding said chain-bar, of means whereby said block may be adjusted laterally; means whereby the chain-bar may be adjusted vertically; and means for simultaneously clamping said block in its adjusted position and securing the chain-bar to the block.

10. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with a cutter-chain, a head for carrying said cutter-chain, and a support for the head, of a drum mounted on abearingiu the heada shaft geared to the drum; and means engaged by the drum and connected with the a frame supporting said head; a drum carried' by the head and sleeved on a bearing therein; a rope carried by the frame and encircling said drum; and means for rotating the drum.

13. In a mortising-machiue, the combina? tion, with a cutter-chain, of a movable head carrying said chain and having a depending apron; a frame supporting said head; means for clamping said head to the frame; a block adj ustably mounted on the apron; a series of adjusting devices carried by the block; a chain-bar and a bolt for attaching the chainbar to the block and the block to the apron.

14. In a machine of the class specified, the

combination, with a head, of a block having a series of adjustable pins adapted to bear against the head thereby to regulate the position of said block relatively thereto; a chainbar carried by the block; and means for clamping the block to the head.

15. The combination, with a head having a depending apron, of a block carrying a chainba-r; a series of screw-pins one mounted in each corner of the block, the heads of said pins bearing against the apron; and means for clamping the block to the apron.

16. The combination, with a head having a projecting apron, equipped with a groove, of a block; means for adjusting the block atan angle tothe apron; a chain-bar; and a bolt,'

the head of which is received in the groove of the apron, for securing the cutter-bar to the block and the block to the apron.

17. The combination, with a double-track support, of a pair of heads one movable relatively to the other and each provided with a pair of unalined ears in engagement with the tracks of said support; a pulley or drum journaled in one head at one side the center thereof; a pulley or drum journaled in the second head at the other side the center thereof; means connecting each of said pulleys or drums with the frame, the arrangement being such that said heads maybe adjusted closely together when required; and means for rotating the drums.

18. The combination, with a frame having ways, of a movable table guided by said ways; a weighted lever for operating said table; a rock-shaft; and means connected with the rock-shaft at its pivot and with the frame to the rear of said pivot, whereby the table is caused to hug the ways.

19. The combination, with a frame having ways and a vertically-movable table guided thereon, of a rock-shaft for operating said table, a weighted lever carried thereby, and a link pivoted on the frame and supporting said rock-shaft and having its pivot-point rearward of the vertical plane of the axis of the rock-shaft.

20. The combination, with a frame having ways, of a table slidable thereon, a rockshaft, links pivoted on the frame and sup` porting said rock-shaft in a plane forward of their pivot-points, arms mounted on the rockshaft and carrying the table, and a weight carried by the shaft.

2l. The combination, with a frame having ways, of a table slidable on said Ways; a rockshaft journaled on the frame; arms carried by said rock-shaft and supporting the table; levers for counterbalancingrthe table; and links pivoted to the frame and supporting the rock-shaft in a plane forward of the pivotal point of said links.

22. The combination,with atable,of a gageblock upon which the work is supported grooved on a side face to engage a support* ing-rib, said block having a series of faces at IOC) IIO

IIS

varying distances from its point of support; and means for adjustably securing said block to the table.

23. The combination, with a table having a longitudinal rib, of a gage-block for supportingl the work having a series of faces at varying distances from its point of support and having grooves arranged in parallelism with said faces adapted to engage said rib.

24E. The combination, with a table having a longitudinal rib provided with a series of perforations, of a series of grooved gage-blocks secured to the rib in the ldesired positions, each of said blocks havinga n umher of worksupporting faces.

25. The combinatiomwitha work-table having a back plate, of blocks secured to said back plate and each having work-sustaining faces at varying distances from its point of support; a shaft; a series of clamping devices secured to the shaft; and means for actuating the shaft.

2G. The combination, with movable knees, of a work-table mounted on said knees; aseries of clamp-arms; a shaft for actuating said clamp-arms; angular plates having bearings for said shaft and attached to the work-table; a series of yokes secured to the work-table and also having bearings for the shaft, said yokes receiving between them the clamparms; a lever attached to the shaft; and means carried by the lever and in engagement with one of the yokes for securing the shaft when actuated.

27. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with a work -table and with means for actuating the same, of plates attached to said work-table; a series of yokes adjustably secured to the work-table; a shaft journaled in bearin gs in the plates and yokes; clamp-arms secured to the shaft, each of said arms being located between a pair of yokes; a device for actuating said shaft; and means carried by said device and cooperating with one of the yokes for securing the shaft when actuated.

:28. The combination, with a work-table, of means for supporting and reciprocating the same; a series of yokes arranged in pairs and secured to said table, one of said yokes having a toothed surface; a shaft mounted in the free ends of the yokes; a series of clamp-arms carried by the shaft; and a lever attached to the shaft and having a pawl for engaging with the toothed surface of the yoke.

29. The combination, with vertically-movable knees and with means for actuating said knees, of a work-table adjustably mounted on said knees; a series of yokes adjustably secured to said work-table; screws engaging the knees and each carrying a gear; a shaft having gears in engagement with the gears on the screws, said shaft being mounted in bearings of the yokes; a lever for actuating the shaft; and a pawl carried by said lever and in engagement with one of the yokes.

30. The combination, with a table, of a series of individually-yieldable clamping devices; means for simultaneously operating said devices to clamp the work; means for adjustably retaining said devices in position; and a series of adjustable blocks, each having a series of work-snpportin g faces, carried by the table and upon which the Work is supported.

3l. The combination,with a table, ofashaft; clamping devices mounted thereon yokes carrying the shaft; means for adjust-ably securing said yokes to the table; a screw for adjusting the table; and a shaft mounted in bearings of the yokes and intergeared with the screw.

32. The combination, with a recprocatory table, of a flexible band connected with the table; a drum in engagement With the band; an eccentric for forcing the band against the drum and thereby causing it to move in unison therewith, said band passing between the drum and eccentric; and means for actuating the eccentric.

The combination, with a reciprocatory table and a flexible band connected with the table, of a drum; means for rotating said drum; arms secured to the bearings of the drum; an eccentric journaled in said arms; and a roller mounted on the eccentric and serving to force said band, which passes between the drum and eccentric, into contact with the periphery of the drum.

3i. The combination, with a reciprocatory table and a iexible band connected at one end with the table, of a drum; means :forcontinuously rotating said drum; a roller eccentrically mounted for forcing said band, which passes between the drum and eccentric, into contact with the drum; means for actuating said roller; and means for automatically shifting the eccentric.

35. The combination, with a reciprocatory table and a flexible band, of a drum; means for rotating said drum; an eccentrically-mounted roller for forcing the band, which passes between the roller and drum, into contact with the drum; a pair of links in which the eccentric for actuating the roller is journaled; and means for actuating said links.

36. The combination,withavertically-movable table, of a flexible band connected with the table; a rotating drum adapted frictionally to engage the band; an eccentricallymounted roller for forcing said band, which passes between the roller and drum, into contact with the drum to raise the table; means for actuating the roller; and means for checking the descent of the table.

37. The combination, wi th a vertically-movable table, of a flexible band connected with the table; a rotating drum adapted frictionally to engage the band; an eccentricallymounted roller for forcing said band, which passes between the roller and drum, against the periphery of said drum to raise the table; and a dash-pot for retarding the descent 0f the table.

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38. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with a table, of a pair of chain cutters; and means for driving said cutters in opposite directions, whereby the thrust of the cutters upon the material is neutralized.

39. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with a pair of mortising cutterchains, of means for driving said chains in opposite directions,whereby their th rust upon the work is neutralized; a work-table; means for reciprocating said work-table and means for securing the work to said table.

40. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with a series of adjustable heads, of a mortising cutter-chain mounted for movement in each head; a shaft journaled in each head and carrying a gear for actuating the cutter-chain; means for driving the cutter-chain of one head in one direction; means for driving the cutter-chain ot' the other head in the opposite direction, whereby the thrust of said chains upon the Work is neutralized; a work table; and means for clamping the Work to said table.

41. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with a frame having ways, of a head having a bearing at each end and an intermediate depending arm carrying a bearing; a shaft mounted in said end bearings and passing freely through the other bearing; a cutter; means carried by the shaft for driving the cutter; a pulley mounted on the depending arm of the head; means connecting said pulley with the frame; and means for actuating the pulley to adjust the head on the frame.

42. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with a frame having Ways, of a head adjustably mounted on said Ways and provided with three lalined bearings and with a projecting apron; a shaft having a gear at one end journaled in two of said bearings; a pulley journaled on the third bearing and connected with the frame; a block ad justably mounted on the apron; a cutter-bar carried by the block; and a cutter-chain sustained by the cutter-bar and driven by the gear on the shaft.

43. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with framework, of a head comprising an arched frame consisting of a single casting provided with a bearing at each end, with an arm having an intermediate bearing, and with a projecting apron; a shaft mounted in the bearings of said head; means carried by the arm and in engagement with means on the frame for adjusting the head; a cutter supported on the apron; and means carried by the shaft for driving said cutter.

44. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with a frame having Ways, of an arched head comprising a single casting having a bearing at each end and an intermediate bearing; means mounted on the intermediate bearing and in engagement with means on the frame for adjusting the head; a shaft carryinga sprocket-wheel; ablock adjustably mounted in an apron carried by the head; a cutter-barv secured to the block; and a cutterchain sustained by said bar and engaged by the sprocket-wheel.

45. In a machine of the class specied, the combination, with framework having ways, of a head having alined end bearings, an intermediate bearing and a projecting apron, and provided at its ends with a pair of unalined ears in engagement with the ways; a drum or pulley journaled on the intermediate bearing of said head; a gear mounted on a shaft journaled in the support for the intermediate bearing and in engagement with the drum or pulley; means connecting said drum or pulley with the frame; a block secured to the apron of the head; a cutter ca rried by the block; and means carried by the shaft for driving the cutter.

46. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with framework having ways, of a series of heads adjustably mounted on said ways, each of said heads being provided with end bearings, with an arm intermediate said bearings and with a projecting apron; a

series of shafts mounted in said heads; a series of drums or pulleys journaled on the intermediate arms of said heads; means connecting said drums or pulleys with the framework, whereby the heads may be individually adjusted thereon; a series of blocks vsecured to the projecting aprons of the heads; cutters carried by said blocks; means carried bythe shafts for driving said cutters; a work-table; means for clamping the work on said table; and means for reciprocating said work-table.

47. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with framework having ways, of a series of heads each equipped at each end with a pair of unalined ears fitted on said ways; a series of bearings carried by each of said heads; a drum or pulley carried by each head and journaled on one of the bearings thereof; means for actuating said drum or pulley; means connecting each drum or pulley with the framework, whereby the heads may be individually adj usted thereon; a shaft having agear mounted in the bearings of each head; blocks mounted in projecting aprons ot' the heads; a cutter-bar carried by eacl ot' said blocks; a cutter-chain sustained by each cutter-bar; a gear carried by each shaft for driving the cut-terchains; a work-table; a series of clamps for securing the work to said table; and means for actuating said worktable.

ROBERT S. BROWN.

Witnesses:

WM. H. BLoDeETT, HENRY BissELL.

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