USRX9I2 - op boston - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OEF1cE.

Rx C? NEW' ENGLAND WORSTED COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AS- SIGNEE OF SAMUEL COUILLARD, JR.

MACHINE FOR COMBING WOOL AND SEPARATING THE LONGER FROM THE SHORTER FIBERS.

XQSJK /Qn falla@ Specification forming part of Letters Patent dated July?, 1835; Reissue No. 0, dated July 6,1839.

To all whom itmay concern:

Beit known that SAMUEL CoUILLAnD, Jr.,

4 has invented a new and useful improvement in the artof combing wool and separating thelonger fromthe shorter bers, and forming the same into roving'when required, an imperfect de-i scription and specification whereof have been heretofore given, whereupon Letters Patent have been heretofore granted to the said Coun.- LARD, bearing date the 7th day of July, in the year ot' our Lord 1835, for the said invention and c improvement under the title of A new and useful improvement in the art of combing wool, for the term of fourteen years from the date of said Letters Patent; and thesad Coun.- LARD thereafterward, on the 24th day ofJuly in the same year, by his deed of that date by him signed, sealed,4 and delivered, assigned all his right, title, and interest in the same invention and improvement and Letters Patent to Michael H. Simpson, of said city of Bos- States, which assignment was also duly' recorded in the oiee of the said Secretary of State of the United States, according to law, which Letters Patent were deemed inoperative by reason ofthe imperfections of the said description and specification, happening through inadvertcnce and mistake, without any fraudulent or deceptive intention, and were surrendered by the said Samuel iVhitwell, George Bond, George XV. Bond, and Benjamin Seaver, the assignccs thereof, to the Secretary of State of thc said United States, for the purpose of obtaining new Letters Yatent for the same invention and improvement, and thereupon new Letters Patent for the same invention and improvement, a further description and specification whereof were given by thc said CoUILLARn, were granted to the sai-d Samuel Whitwell, George Bond, Benjamin Seaver, and George Wm. Bond, the assignees of the said invention and improvement, bearing date the 16th day of June, in the year of our Lord 1836, for the term of fourteen years from the 7th day of July, in the year* of our Lord 1835; and the said Samuel \Vhitwel!, George Bond, Benjamin Seaver, and George NV. Bond thcreafterward, on the 19th day of April, in the year of our Lord 1837, by their deed, by them signed, sea-led, and delivered, assigned all their right, title, and interest in thesaid invention and improvement to the NEW ENGLAND WoBs'rnD COMPXNY, which last-mentioned Letters Patent are deemed in 'operative by reason of a defective and insnicient description and specification of the said invention and improvement, happening through inadvcrtence and mistake, and without any fraudulent Aor deceptive intention, which last-mentioned Letters Patent have been surrendered to the Commissioner of Patents for the purpose of having newiLetters Patent issued in due form according to law to the said NEW ENGLAND WoRs'rnD Contr-ANY, the assignees of the said invention andimprovement, forthe same inventi on and improvement for the residue of the period yet unexpired for which the original Letters Patent were granted, as aforesaid, in accordance with the corrected description and specification hereby given by the said COUILLARD, which invention and improvement the said COUILLARD for that pur pose does describe and specify as followsthat is to say, for the better understanding thereof he refers to the drawings hereto annexed as a part of his description and speciiication.

The frame of the machine deemed most convenent for use is six feet long, three feet high, and three feet wide. The wool is placed upon a horizontal feedbelt running around two roll ers, A A,Figures 3, 4, and 8, and passes through the feed-rollers BB, Figs. 3, 4, 8, which are about three inches in diameter and equal in length to the feed-belt, which is about two feet. The belt and feed-rollers are similar-in all respects to those of a cardingmachine. A card or toothed cylinder, D, Figs. 2, 3, 4, 8, about two feet and a half in length, is placed horizontally across the frame next to the feed- 2 Rxg card, yet a great variety of teeth, differing in form, size, length, mode of setting, and breadth- 0f space between them, mayy be-used upon it .to more or less advantage, depending in some measure on the description of wool to be combed.

Said CoUILLlRD has used among others the following kind, made of steel wire, to wit: a.

straight tooth about two inches in length'and about three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter atA the'bottom, tapering and pointed, and another of a hawks-bill form, about half an inch iny length and abontone-eighth of aninch in diameterandpointed. These'wereat some times fixed directlyinto the cylinder and at others Ainto lags, varying from four to sixteen'in number` having'one row of teeth in, each and being se- Y cured to the cylinder across its surface. The hawlrs-billV 1 ;eethA will operate `on some de 'scriptions of wool with the best effect. Th ey should not eirceed about three-.fourths of an .,-inch'fin length and shuld be placed as near together as they conveniently may be, so as to bring the greatest number of teeth to actV upon the wool. This cylindershould be about sixinches longer than the feed-rollers, and the feed-frame should be placed at that end ofthe cylinder which is farthest from where the viroolninthe revolving comb first appears inv the form of a fringe, so that som'e of the teeth of' the card or toothed4 cylinder which do not receive the wool from the feeding-rollers may .l be-let free to act upon and conib'the wool which has been already lodged in the teeth of l'the revolving comb or fringe-belt. u This cylinder revolves with great velocity andtakes the woolin an upward directiony from the feeding-rollers into its teeth, which are set pointing forward inthe direction of the ,mo-

.tion ofthe cylinder,and'carries it aroundupon. the surface to itsepposite side,where it combs the wool in a 4downward' direction linto the teethof a`revolvi'ng comb or vtoothed belt, E, Fig's. '1, 2, 3, 4,5, and 8, denominated the revolving comb or'fringebelt.' 'A curve 4of i'on or other metal (marked W, Figs. 3, 4, 8,) islattached to the frame, with a smooth interior surface made to conform to the periphery of the 'card or toothed cylinder, and making about a quarterof a lcircle, corresponding in width with the length of the cyl'- inder, havin'glits upper .edge close to the bottom 0f the teeth iu therev'olving comb or fringe-belt, and extendingdown nearly in contact withthe'tecth 'upon'the card or toothedpcylinden'and is s o fixed as' to counteract the effect of the centrifugal action of -the .toothed cylinder, to be kept in contact with site to each other.

the revolving 'comb or fringe-belt by the the teeth of the cylinder, so as to be acted upon by them. The wooden fender X, Figs. 1, 3, 8, comes down to -the inner side fof the.. teeth in that part of the revolving comb or fringe-belt which is nearest to the cylinder; and serves to prevent the wool from beingA throwiriby the action of the cylinder too far over or entirely beyond the teeth in the revolving comb lor fringe-belt. 'To cause the viool on said cylinder D to lie more looselyl on the surface, a' toothed or 'card cylinder, called a fancy, (marked C, Figs. 2, 4, 8,) is placed over the cylinder D to operate the samcas a fancy does upon a common carding-machine. The revolving comb or fringe-belt E. is about three inches wide, and is made of two thicknesses of lirm thick leather, and the teeth are set in one row in the upper edge, between two thicknesses of leather glued together, and` are about one-eighth of an inch asunder, projecting above the belt about one 'inch and onehalf of an inch, with their points upward, and being about one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter at the bottom, and tepe'ringto a. point like ritailors needle. This revolving comb or fringe-belt revolves around two perpendicular; pulleys, L L, Figs. 1, 3, 4, six inches in diameter. 'Their position is level with each other above the frame. Their centers are alittle within it, they standing oppo- Therevolving comb or fringe-belt is caused to revolve by the action of one o f those pulleys, which is driven by a small bevel gear, M, Fig. 2, and is strained tightly between them by the other pulley, which isV caused to revolve ,by the friction of the'belt. The.motion of the comb or fringe- .its surface as may-be without touching. The

bersof wool lying loosely upon the surface of the cylinder D are partly,caught in the 4points of teeth, and .are 'thrown outward'by centrifugal force in the revolution of the cylinder and bythe operation of the fancyl and are from time to time caught in the points of theteethof the'revolving comb 'or fringe-belt,- as in its revolution it passesbyi-heyiinder, and those which are not lcaught at first, or which are slightly oi iniperfectly caught, or which are 'combed entirely fromf'the other fibers, are carried around upon the cylinder untilthey are ,lod ged ory deposited upon the teeth 4of the revolving comb or fringe-belt. The ends of those fibers lodged vin the teeth "of the revolving comb or 'fringe-belt which 'are long enough to be acted upon by ,the teeth of thecard or toothed cylinderfare from time to time, as in the revolution of the comb or fringe-belt they pass by' the card or toothed cylinder, combed in a direction outward and downward by the teeth of the card or toothed combing are taken from the fringe on the revolving comb or fringe-belt are carried around upon the cylinder until they are afterward caught in the teeth of the said revolving comb or fringe-belt.

iVhile the revolving comb or fringe belt is moving from one end of the cylinder to the other and around the pulleys, and the cylinder D is operating in its swift motion, as bcfore described, the wool appears in the teeth in the form of fringe. The ends of the longer fibers of course extend outward the farthest from the teeth, and the short ones a less distance,so in` proportion to their various lengths. vAs thewool in the form of a fringe passes aroun d on the revolving comb ortoothed fringebelt, it is swept toward a pair of draw-roll ers, I I, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, one of which.is tinted and the other is plain, but thc last being covered with leather and pressed against the former by a spring, or otherwise becomes fluted, by use. These draw-rollers stand perpendicularly within the frame about one-half of the distance from the left end of the revolving comb or toothed fringe-belt, or where the wool in the form of a fringe appears to the opposite endof the belt, and are two inches in diameter, their centers standing about two inches from the revolving comb or fringebelt, and are driven by the bevel-gear P, Fig. 2. A leather belt (marked O, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4) with wires extending downwardfrom the edge about three inches long passes around the drawrollers and a pulley placed a little outside Vor on the frame. The wire fingers in this. belt serve to incline and direct the ends of the fibers of wool over a smooth metallic table, K, Figs. 1; 2, 3, 4, toward the draw-rollers, the motion of this belt being about four times quicker than that of the revolving comb or fringe-belt and the table extendingalong the side of the tooth fringe-belt from its left end to the draw-rollers. The fluted draw-roller is caused to revolve by a bevel-gear upon the main shaft N, Figs. 1, 3, 4, communicating with abevel-gear on the shaft of said roller. The other drawroller, being closely pressed against it, is caused to revolve with it by friction, and the longer fibers of the wool which extend far enough from the revolving comb or fringebelt to be removed by the draw-rollers are by them drawn out from the fringe and pass through them into and through a revolving bailed tube, F, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 8, and are wound upon a bobbin, H, Figs. 2, 8, in the form ofa rovl ing, which is moved by the cylinder G, Figs. 1,2, 3, 4, 8. The roving may be run off into a can instead of being run upon a bobbin. The wool which remainsn the revolving comb or fringe-belt which has passed these drawrollers consists, of course, ofthe shorter fibers of the wool. These short fibers and knobby parts which remain in the teeth of the revolving comb or fringe-belt must be taken out from the teeth, so as to clear the teeth wholly for receiving other fibers from the card or toothed cylinder,-wlien, by the revolution of the revolving comb or fringe-belt, they are again brought near to and pass by it. This may be donc by means of a swiftly-revolving toothed cylinder J, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, whereby they are taken out upward from the teeth andthrown downward from the opposite side into a box,

can be drawn from it.4

As many pairs of rollers-may be used as occasion may rcquire3hut ordinarily one pair only is used. If wool in the state as it comes from the picker, is used, a common card-machine is placed in front of the combing-cylinder the doii'erof the card-machine coming nearly in contact with the cylinder, which receives the wool therefrom. In this case the cylinder should be longer than the card-machine, more effectual! y to comb the wool,before described. y

Instead of the revolving fringebelt,the said COUILLARD has used a comb in the form of a disk, Fig. 6,- revolving horizontally with such teeth, as aforesaid, set upright on the outer edge, between it and a leather belt, with a hoop over itto hold the teeth more firmly. Such a disk or wheel, with teeth, as aforesaid, firmly xed in any convenient way perpendicularly upon or at the outer edge thereof, will answer tolerably well, especially if the card or toot-hed cylinder be made concave, so as to conform to the periphery of the disk or wheel, and so that all the teeth of the cyl- .inder in its revolution may come nearly in c'outact with the teeth of the disk or wheel, (s ee Figs. 6 and 7;) but I consider a revolving toothed belt for all the purposes aforesaid as far preferable to a disk or wheel.

The disk or wheel maybe moved in the same manner as the principal pulley of the belt E is moved, or by a wor1n-gear. The disk used .by me was eleven inches in diameter, andthe cylinder used in connection with it was about two feet in diameter and about three inches in length; but the disk or wheel may be advantageously increased iu diameter and the cylinder in length.

It is deemed unnecessary to saythat the revolving comb or fringe-belt may be made oi other and different substances, and that the teeth may be fixed in various ways, as must be obvious to all machinists. ordinary skill; but it is important that the teeth should be made to pass successively along, for some con siderable distance, near the surface of the cylinder, in order to effect in the best'manner the purpose aforesaid.

What is claimed as the invention of the said CoUILLARD is- 1. The revolving comb or toothed fringebelt, in connection and combination with the revolving card or toothed cylinder, described as aforesaid.

2. The revolving toothed disk or wheel, in thelike connection and conibination,descrihed as aforesaid.

3. The fender, described as aforesaid, in combination with the revolving comb and toothed cylinder, described as aforesaid.

4. The curve, described as aforesaid,` in combinationwith the revolving comb and toothed cylinder, described as aforesaid.

5. The combination of the revolving toothed cylinder, the revolving comb or fringe-belt, the fender,and curve, described as aforesaid.

In testimony that the foregoing is a. true description and specification of the said inven-

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