USRE8414E - Improvement in fire and water proof roofs - Google Patents

Description

AT, NEW

Fire and Water Proof Roof. N16. 8,414"

Rejssued Sept.' 10, 1878.

.- rmt SEX-v, or ivnwfroni, Si.

"jf `'c["IMPIO'VEMEN IN'FI'RE ANDr WATERPROOF Rootsrl foi-inning part ol' Letters Patent \o. 147,962, dated February 24, 1874; Reissue No. 8,114, dated v September 10, `1575i; application tiled August 29, 137e. i

To all icliomgt'niay concer-n; Y,

13el it known that I, Tontas New, vof the city, coii'ifity, and State ot' New York, have invented, a new' and tImproved Paved Fire-'Proof and vla,ter-,Proof Roof; and I do hereby'declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, makin g a part of this specitication, in which the ligure is a section of the roof. ,v f

,The invention relates to means whereby may lbe constructed a root' ythat is at the saine time 'water-proof, tire-proof, and adapted to conveulent use as a footway and place of resort.

In cities thereof of the main or back build'- V ingjs frequently utilized for Ydrying clothes,

paint, or varnish, and for other similar purposes, thus necessitating a frequent treading- `and trampling thereon. It is also sometimes used for, purposes of domestic convenience as -a resort; and my invention permits the utilization of the root' in warm weather at evening or when protected from the sun, as one of the most important features of comfortable residence. Most kinds of roofs become deteriorated under this use, develop leak frequently, and

. require repairs at short'intervals.

My invention is substantially described in the following description; but I do not limit A represents the rootbeam, with the planks i B Alaid in the ordinary manner, and the sata rated roofing-felt C laid on the latter and upp ward on each side of the battlementl), which is carried up about tive courses of brick. This felt is laid preferably in live thicknesses, with intermediate layers of asphaltio cement or equivalent waterproof materials D, but with wall, and between the upper part of battlel ment D and coping I. I

no cement or. composition next to the plank-` in g or battlenient. i The uncovered side ot the felt then receives a heavy coat of asphaltic cement or equivalent water-proof materials,

the whole forming the water-repellent section of my improved roof, which eifectnally excludes dampness frontthe subjaeent timbers.

E represents a layer of hydraulic-cement mortar, which form-s a partition between the superimposed layer F of lia-rd brick and the cement-covered feltC, and between the cemented felt and the flasliin g H that holds the The flashing H is made preferably of copper, stone, or galvanized metal,and acts as a protection to the mortar E and cemented felt i .lire prootconstriicted' frame -work the felt would preferably be cemented to the concrete and walls.

Iconsider the substance and place of the hydraulic-cement mortar to be extrenielyiiscful and important, being interposed between the felt and cement below and the hard brick above, thus enabling me to combine with the water-proof features of the felt and cement below the fire-proof quality and pavement above, the mortar forming a layer of an intermediary character, being plastic when applied, so as to be completely adjusted to the felt and cement below, and also to the bricks or equivaient mater al abov'e, and afterward hardening so as to forni a permanent rigid substance, fully protecting the material below andI holding in iirni place the material above it. This mortar layer thus forms a connectinglink between two bodies of inaterialhaving wholly different qualities, functions, and uses, the lower material being softer, more yielding,

and having' the water-proof quality required p i i ,by'no 'other story other contrivanoe. v.

for a good roof, the upper material beinghard,

firm, nre-proof, and forming a permanent-and; desirable pavement and a place of resort. There is thus secured not only a good roof, but

Avirtually an additional story to a residence orl building, having someadvantages possessed in the building or by any I am aware that it is equivalent water-proof materials to buildings for roofing purposes; 'but I apply the same in combination'with a superimposed layero f hydraulic-cement mortar, upon which are placed brick, tiles, stone, metal, or 'other similar inaterial. 1 I am aware of the Letters Patent issued to Luke .,S, Mills and Charles Hart' Smith, No Vvemb'er 3, 1863, and numbered 40,542, but

that patent mentions or describes no intermediate layenof hydraulic -cement mortar Yor vequivalent substance, or any intermediate layer of asphaltic cement or equivalent waterproof materials.4 That patent provides for laying the slate, tile, or -othersubstance directly upon a cement composed of asphalt or coal-tar distilled. The. slate, tile, and asphalt are placed together, and the -asphaltic cement is allowed to come up between them. This sort of construction has great disadvantages; The' 'slate,'tile, &c., draw-heat,- which keeps the celnent in some degree 'of fusion. The slate, tile, Sie., easily become displaced, and the cementis easily worn o' and runs off.. The cement between thetilesis' always more or lesssticky in warmweather, when roofs are most used, and an uneven and unselvceable roof is the result.

I do not limit myself, however, to tlieparf' ticular materials or combination hereinbefore described, as I may use any foundation Whatever, wood, cement, stone,f.or 'metal," or any equivalent material, and of any construction,l

Attest:-

tion. I may use saturatedfclt only, and in lone or more thicknesses. I may-use asphaltie without departingvfrom the spirit Vof my inve'n not new to applysatui' rated 'roofing-felt and asphaltic cement or .-tlement,substantially as specified. Q3'. The combination,.with tlielashi'ng the coping I, having vtl ie"lip s,as andfox'f 'the cement or equivalent` or water-proof material only, and I may use themp together inv'any re` lation wliatever'to -e'a'ch other or to `tlie`\ coin position above' described, sov that the saine'is not the substantial layer or vbed on `which the tile or othermaterial isplaced. `additional layers of hydranlicfement mortar or similar material in other rclations'to the combination than I have\described,taking 'care always to have such Ala'iyr beneath thc tile, briok, &c.', asthe b ed in and on which theV same rest.

B y my mode ofy putting 'together the parts of roof,- the planks B, cement-mortar E, bricks.

E, and ashingH can. all settle without-opening o r damaging the waterfrepellent B and .Q

at any point. Thiscompensating joint toallow for shrinkage' of roof, timbers, and asl|- ing is ofgreat advantage. A roof constructed according to my -invention is no t onlyfire-proof and watcr-proofand. useful as a pavement, but it is cheaper and more durable than roofsof any like etliciemv now in'publicuse. v Having thus described my invention, what l claim as ne\v,.and desire'to secure by'Letters Patent, s- L l. The combination,-witli va plankiug, B, or4

equivalentv fonmlation," provided with a waterrepellent composed of; saturated feltandasphal tic (cement, or, equivalent Vwa te1.pro'ojf Ina-l terial, of a' layer ot liydranlitcement mortar,"

'or' equivalent material, and:.a superimposed layer of" brick', tile, slate, stone, or ipetaL- al constructed substantially. as abovelset forth.

n v 2."lhe ashin'g-,H,f. set inthe cement-mortar E, tj'o' hold the water-repellent aga-ins 11111799@ abov'edescribdf yToBLAsNEW.

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