USRE7321E - op eoohestee - Google Patents

Description

ATE

war-T NT OFFICE.

VACUUM. OIL eoMPAn'v, or nosiznusrnn, nnw voau, nssreusn, BY MESNE A ssTGNMENTS, on M. r. EWING. nncnAsnD.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATERIAL FOR'LUBRICATING Specification formin part of Letters Patent No. 58,020, dated September 11, 1866 reissue No. 7,321, dated September 26, 1876; application filed J annary 29, 1876.

DIVISION A.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that M. P. EWING, late of Roch ester, Monroe county, State of New York, now deceased, invented a new and useful Int provemcnt in Residual Heavy Hydrocarbon- Oiis, and the following is a full and exact description thereof:

The term heavy hydrocarbon-oils is well understood by the trade as signifying hydrocarbon-oils irom which the naphthas and the illuminating-oils have been removed.

The gravity (Banme) of the heavy hydrocarbon-oil is, therefore, lower than that of Iliuminatin -uilnever, it is believed, exceed ing 35, and ranging from that down to 24; whereas illuminatingoil ranges from 50 to 40. The oil thus known as heavy hydrocarbon-oil has, in greater or less degree, certain oleaginous qualities which render it very useful for many purposes. It is obtained both as a distillate of crude petroleum or of bituminous coal, and as a residuum or reduc ion of crude petroleum.

When obtained as a distillate, it is accompanied by certain light oils of an offensive odor, generally attributed to decomposition produced at the high temperature required for vaporizing the heavy oil, the vapors of such decomposition going over with the proper vapors of the heavy oil, and all being condensed together.

When obtained as a icm'lulllllll, or reduction of crude petroleum, the practice, up to the time of the said EWINGS invention, was to remove the naphthas and illuminating-oils by distillation und er atmospheric pressure, by the use of direct fire applied to the still.

be high degree of heat required under these conditions for effecting the removal of the illninitiating-oils made the interior surfaces of the vessel in which the distillation was conducted so hot that the residual or reduced oil remaining therein was, where it rune in contact with such surfaces, burned scorched, thereby producing a tarry substance having the character of lampblack, which substance, being diii'used in the oil, was offensive and troublesome, and the same high temperature developed in the residuum volatile oils, or light ends, which, by reason of their ofl'ensive odor, and their reduction of the fire-test which the residual oil would stand, were objectionable in the use of the residual oil.

By the use or vacuum distillation, particularly with the aid of steam, the vapors of the illuminating-oil are raised and carried over at a temperature, within the distilling vessel,

atmospheric an; 2312s,; ms. t M same effect when working under pressure, so much lower that the vessel is not heated so hot as to scorch or burn the residual or reduced oilin the manner before mentioned; and the volatile oils, or light ends, are not. to any injurious extent, formed.

This process of removing naphthas and illuminatingoils from petroleum, by distillation under vacuum, leaving unburned heavy oil as a residuum or reduction, is described in the specificatiou of the said EWINGS patent,- granted September 11, 1866, No. 58,020, on which this application for reissue is bascd,(as is also described suitable apparatus for carrying out the process,) and forms oneof the subjects of another division of reissue of said patent, which division is of the same date as this.

The present division relates to the new article of manufacture which results from the said process, said article being the heavy residuum left after distilling 011' the lighter portions.

, Its characteristics are that 10 is a heavy hydrocarbon-oil, the residuum of petroleum from which the lighter oils have been evap0- rated, and is practically free from burned or scorched particles of the character before described, and from volatile oils or light ends. it is thus, as an article of manufacture, a substantial improvement upon pro-existing residual heavy hydrocarbon-oils.

a mam lt is not intended tolimii: the present claim In witness whereof we have hereuntp set of invention to the pronlne; of precisely the our names in the presence of the subscribing same process hereinbefore described, as inodiwitnesses this 24m (lay of J enuary', 1876. fieations thereof may be readily made em- VACUUM OIL COMPANY, bodying the same principle of distillation at; Pei JOHN D. HELMD R-Prest. low tempemture to which the obtaining of H. B. EVEREST,

the product in question incl ue.

What is claimed herein as e new article of Witnesses: manufacture, the invention m: the we M. P. 1 en, DAVIS, EWING, is i 0. M. EVEREST,

An unburned; residual, heavy hydrocarbon- R. F. US$001), oil, substantially as described. I E. B. SCOTT.

Seeretrwy and ll reasmer.