USRE7322E - Improvement in material for lubricating - Google Patents

Description

ZSheets-Sheetl. M. P. EWING. decd.

Assignor by mesne Assignments to Vacuum Oil Company. MATERIAL FOR LUBRICATING. No. 7,322. Reissued Sept. 26, 1876'.

2 Sheets-Sheet Z. M. P. EWING, decd.

Assignor by mesne Assignments to Vacuum Oil Company.

MATERIAL FOR LUBRICATING. v No. 7,322. Reissued Sept. 25,1876.

j L l Q. [nv'en Z 02 UNITED STATES PATENT X OFFICE.

VACUUM OIL COMPANY, OF RooEEsTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNEE, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, or M. P. EWING, DECEASED.

IMPROVEM ENT IN MATERIAL FOR LUBRlCATlNG.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,020, dated September 11, 1866;; reissue No. 7.322, dated September 26; 1876; application filedJanuary 29, 187d.

DIVISION B.

gravity (Baum) of the heavy hydrocarbon-oilis, therefore, lower than that of illuminating fensive odor, generally attributed to decomposition produced at the high temperature required for vaporizing the heavy oil, the vapors .of such decomposition going over with the proper vapors of the heavy oil, and all being condensed together. When obtained as'a residuum or reduction of crude petroleum, the practice, up to the time of the said EWINGS invention, was to remove the naphthas and illuminating-oils by distillation under atmospheric pressure by the use of direct fire applied to the'still. The high degree of heat required under these conditions for eflecting the removal of the illuminating-oils made the interior surface of the vessel in which the distillation was conducted so hot ,that the residual or reduced oil remaining therein was,

' where it came in contact with such surfaces,

burned or scorched, thereby producing a tarry substance having the character of lamp-black, which substance, being diffused in the oil, was offensive and troublesome. And the same high temperature developedin the residuumvolatile oils, or light ends, which, by reasonof their offensive odor, and theirired uction of the fire-test which the'residual oil' would stand, were objectionable in the use of the re sidual oil. 1 By the use of vacuum distillation, particularly with the aid of steam, the vapors ot'jitlie illuminating-oil are raised and carried eve; at

a temperature within the distilling-vessel very much lower than that required for the saute eifect when working under atmospheric pressure, so much lower that the vessel is not heated so hot as to scorch or burnthe residual or reduced oil in the manner before mentioned, and c the volatile'oils or light ends are not to any injurious extent formed.

The present division of reissue relates specially to the process of producing the residual product described and claimed in another division of reissue of said EWINGS patent of September 11, 1866, No. 58,020, which division is of the same date as this. In conducting the process, an apparatus is employed in which a continuous feed and steam heat are used, and the accompanying drawings illustrate an apparatus adapted to the purpose.

Ais' a retort, into which thecrude oil is continuously fed by a pipe, at. The residuum produced by the distillation is discharged by a pipe, b. These pipes have suitablecocks for admitting and discharging the oils. In the 7 tort with a condenser, G, into which the oil, vapor is carried," and this vapor is condensed" by a jet of water entering from pipe d. From the condenser the distilled oil and water are drawn by a pipe,f, connecting with a suitable pump, which also serves to exhaust the air from the apparatus; or, if desired, the air may be exhausted by a Torricellian tube, or by admitting steam, or by any other desired method. Air is admitted to the retort or condenser at'any time bymeaus of cocks g h.

The steam-pipes c c are preferably connected at the sides of the retort or still with induction-pipes ff and eduction-pipes g g. One

end of each coil connects with the inductionpipe on one side, and the other end with the eduction L pipe on the other side, by which means an active flow of the steam is produced. and it is not deadened or condensed as is the case where it passes through long continuous 2 ases coils before escaping. Doe or more pipesfl, are passed inward from the induction-pipes f f,

I and have minute perforations opening, pref- Ious feed-pipe a the oil maybe kept at nearly the same level in the retort, thereby preventing any tendencytoburn onthe sides. In order to produce the distillation as rapidly as possible, the oil is, preferably, kept standing in a thin body above the steam-pipes.

By means of the perforated pipe or pipes 11 steam, preferably superheated, may be injected into the body of oil, thereby rapidly carrying ofl' the volatile portions and reduclog the residuum to the desired consistency without burning.

This process of removing naphthas and the illuminating-oils from the petroleum by distillation under vacuum with steam for the purpose of producing the unburned heavy oil as a residuum or-reduction, was not known or practiced up to the time of the said EWINGS invention." By this improved process a residual heavy hydrocarbon-oil is produced from which the lighter oils have been-evaporated,

and which is practically free from burned or scorched particles of the kind before described, and from volatile oilsor light ends.

What is claimed herein as new, the invention of the said M. P. EWING, is

The process of making residual heavy hydrocarbon oil without burning, by distillation of the light oils from crude petroleum under vacuum with steam, substantially as described. I

In witness whereof we. have hereunto set our names in the presence of the subscribing Witnesses this 24th day of January, 1876.

VACUUM OIL .COMPANY, Per JOHN D. HELMER, President.

H. B. EVEREST,

Secretary and Treasurer. Witnesses G. A. DAVIS, G. M. EVEREST, R. F. Oseoon, E. B. Scorcr. I

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