USRE39450E1 - Polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives as anti-dye transfer agents - Google Patents
Polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives as anti-dye transfer agents Download PDFInfo
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- USRE39450E1 USRE39450E1 US10/369,911 US36991103A USRE39450E US RE39450 E1 USRE39450 E1 US RE39450E1 US 36991103 A US36991103 A US 36991103A US RE39450 E USRE39450 E US RE39450E
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- 0 C.C.C.C.C.C.C.O=C([O-])[Y][N+]1=CC=CC=C1.O=C([O-])[Y][N+]1=CC=CC=C1.O=S(=O)([O-])*[N+]1=CC=CC=C1.O=S(=O)([O-])*[N+]1=CC=CC=C1.[5*]C([6*])(C)C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)CC.[5*]C([6*])(C)C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)CC.[O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1.[O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C.C.C.C.C.C.C.O=C([O-])[Y][N+]1=CC=CC=C1.O=C([O-])[Y][N+]1=CC=CC=C1.O=S(=O)([O-])*[N+]1=CC=CC=C1.O=S(=O)([O-])*[N+]1=CC=CC=C1.[5*]C([6*])(C)C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)CC.[5*]C([6*])(C)C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)C([5*])([6*])C([7*])(C)CC.[O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1.[O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 0.000 description 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/44—Preparation of metal salts or ammonium salts
Definitions
- This invention relates to water-soluble polyvinylpyrridinium derivative containing a quaternary nitrogen and an anionic moiety selected from a sulfonate or a carboxylate functionality.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives are useful as anti-dye transfer and color protection agents in detergent compositions, especially detergent compositions containing a high level of anionic surfactants.
- polyvinylpyrrolidone by virtue of its dye complexation ability, has been used to inhibit dye deposition during washing of colored fabrics under laundry conditions.
- the performance of polyvinylpyrrolidone as a dye transfer inhibitor is adversely affected by the presence of high levels of anionic surfactants in the washing process.
- polymers which have been used in detergent compositions to inhibit dye transfer include polyvinylimidazole, polyvinylpyridine N-oxide, polyvinylimidazole and copolymers of polyvinylpyridine and polyvinylimidazole.
- DE 2 814 287-A describes detergent compositions containing N-vinyl imidazole homo- or copolymers in combination with anionic and/or nonionic surfactants and other detergent ingredients.
- WO 95/03390 describes dye inhibiting polymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyamine N-oxide, and vinylimidazole.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,460,752 describes polyamine N-oxide polymers.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,627,151 describes copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone or vinylimidazole, vinylpyridine or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate or dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, including up to 20% vinylacetate, for use in laundry detergents.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,802 describes poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide) and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole.
- EP 754748 describes vinylpyridine copolymers and formic acid.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,458,809 describes poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide).
- WO 95/27038 describes poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinylimidazole and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole.
- EP 372 291 describes a process for washing discoloration-sensitive textiles.
- the wash liquor contains anionic/nonionic surfactants and water-soluble polymers, for example, copolymers N-vinylimidazole, N-vinyloxazolidone or N-vinylpyrrolidone.
- EP 327 927 describes a granular detergent additive comprising water-soluble polymeric compounds based on N-vinylpyrrolidone and/or N-vinylimidazole and/or N-vinyloxazolidone and cationic compounds.
- DE 4027832 describes electrolyte-free liquid detergent compositions comprising zeolite A, nonionic surfactants and homo- and copolymers selected from N-vinylpyrrolidone and/or N-vinylimidazole and/or N-vinyloxazolidone.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,776,879 describes water-soluble poly(vinylpyridine betaines) containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt, which have effective dye transfer inhibitor properties.
- the polymer should also provide anti-dye transfer and color protection properties without adversely affecting stain or soil removal or soil redeposition.
- the polymer should be effective on a broad range of dyes present in the wash water.
- the invention provides a water-soluble polyvinylpyrridinium derivative comprising a quaternary nitrogen and an anionic moiety selected from a sulfonate and/or a carboxylate functionality.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative has the structure: wherein a is a repeating unit of 1 to 100; b is a repeating unit of 0 to 99; c is a repeating unit of 0 to 99; d is a repeating unit of 0 to 99; R is selected from the group consisting of (CR 1 R 2 ) m1 , benzene, and substituted benzene; Y is selected from the group consisting of (CR 3 R 4 ) m2 , benzene, and substituted benzene; substituted benzene is independently a benzene substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of amino moeity, nitro moiety, halogen moiety, and combinations thereof; Z is derived from an ethylenically
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives of the invention inhibit dye transfer in detergent compositions having a high level of anionic surfactants.
- the polymer also provides anti-dye transfer and color protection properties without adversely affecting stain or soil removal or soil redeposition.
- the polymer is effective on a broad range of dyes present in the wash water.
- the water-soluble polyvinylpyrridinium derivative comprises a quaternary nitrogen and an anionic moiety selected from a sulfonate and/or a carboxylate functionality.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative has the general structure: wherein a is a repeating unit of 1 to 100; b is a repeating unit of 0 to 99; c is a repeating unit of 0 to 99; d is a repeating unit of 0 to 99; R is selected from the group consisting of (CR 1 R 2 ) m1 , benzene, and substituted benzene; Y is selected from the group consisting of (CR 3 R 4 ) m2 , benzene, and substituted benzene; substituted benzene is independently a benzene substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of amino moeity, nitro moiety, halogen moiety, and combinations thereof; Z is derived from an ethylenically
- a is 50 to 100; b is 0 to 50; c is 0 to 50; d is 0 to 50, more preferably a is 50 to 100; b is 0 to 10; c is 0 to 10; d is 0 to 50; R is selected from the group consisting of (CR 1 R 2 ) m1 and benzene; Y is selected from the group consisting of (CR 3 R 4 ) m2 and benzene; Z is derived from a nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer; m 1 and m 2 are independently 1 to 6; M + is independently a cation wherein M is sodium or potassium; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently hydrogen or hydroxyl; and X ⁇ is independently selected from fluoride, chloride, iodide, and bromide, more preferably chloride.
- the letter Z represents the derivative of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is a nitrogen-containing, ethylenically unsaturated monomer which may be in the form of free bases, salts with organic or inorganic acids, or in quaternized form.
- such nitrogen-containing, ethylenically unsaturated monomers may be functionalized to from the corresponding betaine or sultaine.
- Suitable ethylenically unsaturated monomers are, for example, N,N′-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, eg. dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminopropyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylate, diethylaminopropyl arcylate, diethylaminopropyl methacrylate, dimethylaminobutyl acrylate, dimethylaminobutyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoneopentyl acrylate and dimethylaminoneopentyl methacrylate.
- N,N′-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates eg. dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacryl
- N,N′-dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides eg. N,N′-di-C1-C3-alkylamino-C2-C6-alkyl(meth)acrylamides, such as dimethylaminoethylacrylamide, dimethylaminoethylmethacrylamide, diethylaminoethylacrylamide, diethylaminoethylmethacrylamide, dipropylaminoethylacrylamide, dipropylaminoethylmethacrylamide dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, diethylaminopropylacrylamide, diethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, dimethylaminoneopentylacrylamide, dimethylaminoneopentylmethacrylamide and dialkylaminobutylacrylamide. Further suitable monomers of this group are diallyl(di) al
- the above mentioned nitrogen-containing, ethylenically unsaturated monomers are used in the copolymerization in the form of the free bases, in the form of the salts with organic or inorganic acids or in quaternized form.
- Suitable for salt formation are for example carboxylic acids having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, e.g. formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or inorganic acids such as halohydric acids, eg. hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid.
- the above-exemplified monomers can also be used in quaternized form.
- Suitable quaternizing agents are for example alkyl halides having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, eg. methyl chloride, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, hexyl chloride, dodecyl chloride, lauryl chloride and benzyl halides, in particular benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide.
- the quaternization of the nitrogen-containing basic monomers can also be effected by reacting these compounds with dialkyl sulfates, in particular diethyl sulfate or dimethyl sulfate.
- Examples of quaternized monomers of this group are trimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate chloride, dimethylethylammoniumethyl methacrylate ethosulfate and dimethylethylammoniumethyl methacrylamide ethosulfate.
- a combination of ethylenically unsaturated monomers may also be used.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably selected from vinyl pyrrolidone pyridine, vinyl imidazolidone, dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, and dimethylaminoethylacrylate.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative is preferably 100% functionalized to a polyvinylpyrridinium derivative, however, it is within the scope of the invention that any unreacted vinylpyrridine groups may be quaternized by compounds, as described above, or reacted with an acid to form the corresponding salt, as described above, or left unreacted.
- the water-soluble polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives of the invention are made by polymerizing a vinylpyridine under suitable polymerization conditions to form a poly(vinylpyridine) intermediate, and then reacting the poly(vinylpyridine) intermediate with unsaturated sulfonic acid or its salt in an aqueous medium.
- the reaction product is a polyvinylpyrridinium derivative containing a quaternary nitrogen and a sulfonate group.
- the water-soluble polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives of the invention are made by reacting a vinylpyridine monomer with a suitable reagent to form a vinylpyridine sultaine monomer, and then polymerizing the vinylpyridine sultaine monomer to form a polyvinylpyrridinium derivative containing a quaternary nitrogen and a sulfonate group.
- Unfunctionalized pyridine groups in the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative may be further reacted to the corresponding betaine (repeating unit b) or amine oxide (repeating unit c).
- Other water soluble moieties may be copolymerized and incorporated into the polymer (repeating unit d).
- the vinyl pyridine may be polymerized in an alcohol water mixture and then reacted to form the corresponding sultaine.
- a small amount of base is added to the reaction mixture, alcohol is distilled off to produce a water soluble product. It is important to add the base before the distillation step to ensure that the final product is water soluble.
- a catalyst may be employed to speed up the reaction. Suitable catalysts are known to those skilled in the art.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative is used in a fabric softening composition.
- the level of the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative in the fabric softening compositions positions is from about 0.01 to about 90 weight percent, more preferably from about 0.05 to about 20 percent, most preferably from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the fabric softening composition.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative is used in the detergent compositions.
- the level of the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative in the detergent compositions is from about 0.01 to about 90 weight percent, more preferably from about 0.05 to about 20 percent, most preferably from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the detergent composition.
- the present inventors believe that the polyvinylpyrridiniumn derivative of the invention inhibits dye transfer in laundering or washing processes containing the detergent composition by hydrogen bonding with dyes or through dipole-dipole interaction or electrostatic interaction with dyes which are present in wash water.
- the laundering or washing process is preferably carried out at about 5° C. to about 75° C., more preferably, from about 20° C. to about 60° C.
- the detergent composition may be a solid or liquid composition. If the detergent composition is solid, the detergent composition may be in any of the usual physical forms, such as for example, powders, beads, flakes, bars, tablets, noodles, pastes, and slurries. If the detergent composition is liquid, the detergent composition preferably disperses or solubilizes the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative.
- the detergent composition may be aqueous or nonaqueous.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative may be dissolved or dispersed in water, in one or more solvents or inert diluents.
- the detergent composition is aqueous.
- the detergent compositions may contain any additional components which are used in detergent compositions.
- additional components are well known to those skilled in the art and include one or more surfactants, builders, ion exchangers, alkalies, anticorrosion materials, antiredeposition materials, optical brighteners, fragrances, dyes, chelating agents, enzymes, whiteners, brighteners, antistatic agents, sudsing control agents, solvents, hydrotropes, bleaching agents, perfumes, bleach precursors, water, buffering agents, soil removal agents, soil release agents, softening agents, opacifiers, inert diluents, buffering agents, corrosion inhibitors, graying inhibitors, and stabilizers. Combinations of such additional components may also be used.
- Suitable surfactants are nonionic, anionic, cationic, ampholytic, zwitterionic and semi-polar surfactants. A combination of surfactants may also be used.
- Anionic surfactants include, for example, from C 8 to C 20 alkylbenzenesulfonates, from C 8 to C 20 alkanesulfonates, from C 8 to C 20 alkylsulfates, from C 8 to C 20 alkylsulfosuccinates or from C 8 to C 20 sulfated ethoxylated alkanols.
- Nonionic surfactants include, for example, from C 6 to C 12 alkylphenol ethoxylates, from C 8 to C 20 alkanol alkoxylates, and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
- the end groups of polyalkylene oxides can be blocked, whereby the free OH groups of the polyalkylene oxides can be etherified, esterified, acetalized and/or aminated.
- Another modification consists of reacting the free OH groups of the polyalkylene oxides with isocyanates.
- the nonionic surfactants also include C 4 to C 18 alkyl glucosides as well as the alkoxylated products obtainable therefrom by alkoxylation, particularly those obtainable by reaction of alkyl glucosides with ethylene oxide.
- Cationic surfactants contain hydrophilic functional groups where the charge of the functional groups are positive when dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous solution.
- Typical cationic surfactants include, for example, amine compounds, oxygen containing amines, and quaternary amine salts.
- Amphoteric surfactants contain both acidic and basic hydrophilic groups.
- Amphoteric surfactants are preferably derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds.
- the cationic atom in the quaternary compound can be part of a heterocyclic ring.
- the amphoteric surfactant preferably contains at least one aliphatic group, containing about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms. At least one aliphatic group preferably contains an anionic water-solubilizing group solubilizing group such as a carboxy, sulfonate, or phosphono.
- anionic surfactants such as linear alkyl sulfonates (LAS) are preferred for use in solid detergent compositions containing the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative.
- Nonionic and anionic surfactant mixtures such as alcohol ethoxylates and LAS are preferred in liquid detergent compositions containing the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative.
- the surfactants are optionally present in an amount of from about 0 to about 50 weight percent, preferably from about 2 to about 45 weight percent, and more preferably from about 5 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the detergent composition.
- bleaching agents are perborates, percarbonates, or chlorine-generating substances such as chloroisocyanurates.
- silicates used as corrosion inhibitors are sodium silicate, sodium disilicate, and sodium metasilicate.
- graying inhibitors are carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, and polyacrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic and maleic acid.
- enzymes are proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases, and peroxidases, as well as mixtures thereof. Other types of enzymes may also be included. They may be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin.
- Any conventional builder system is suitable for use in the detergent composition including aluminosilicate materials, silicates, polycarboxylates and fatty acids, materials such as ethylenediamine tetraacetate, metal ion sequestrants such as aminopolyphosphonates, particularly ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid and diethylene triamine pentamethylenephosphonic acid.
- aluminosilicate materials silicates, polycarboxylates and fatty acids
- materials such as ethylenediamine tetraacetate
- metal ion sequestrants such as aminopolyphosphonates, particularly ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid and diethylene triamine pentamethylenephosphonic acid.
- phosphate builders can also be used herein.
- Suitable builders can be an inorganic ion exchange material, commonly an inorganic hydrated aluminosilicate material, more particularly a hydrated synthetic zeolite such as hydrated zeolite A, X, B or HS.
- Another suitable inorganic builder material is layered silicate, e.g., SKS-6 (Hoechst).
- SKS-6 is a crystalline layered silicate consisting of sodium silicate (Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ).
- the preferred polycarboxylates are hydroxycarboxylates containing up to three carboxy groups per molecule, more particularly citrates.
- Preferred builder systems for use in the detergent compositions include a mixture of a water-insoluble aluminosilicate builder such as zeolite A or of a layered silicate (SKS/6), and a water-soluble carboxylate chelating agent such as citric acid.
- a water-insoluble aluminosilicate builder such as zeolite A or of a layered silicate (SKS/6)
- a water-soluble carboxylate chelating agent such as citric acid.
- a suitable chelant for inclusion in the detergent compositions is ethylenediamine-N,N′-disuccinic acid (EDDS) or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or substituted ammonium salts thereof, or mixtures thereof.
- EDDS ethylenediamine-N,N′-disuccinic acid
- suds suppressors are silicones and silica-silicone mixtures.
- Silicones can be generally represented by alkylated polysiloxane materials while silica is normally used in finely divided forms exemplified by silica aerogels and xerogels and hydrophobic silicas of various types.
- antiredeposition and soil suspension agents are cellulose derivatives such as methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose, and homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of maleic acid and acrylic acid.
- optical brighteners examples include disodium 4,4 1 -bis-(2-diethanolamino-4-anilino-s-triazin-6-ylamino)stilbene-2:2 1 disulphonate, disodium 4,-4 1 -bis-(2-morpholino-4-anilino-s-triazin-6-ylaminostilbene-2:2 1 -disulphonate, disodium 4,4 1 -bis-(2,4-dianilino-s-triazin-6-ylamino) stilbene-2:2 1 -disulphonate, monosodium 4 1 ,4 11 -bis-(2,4-dianilino-s-triazin-6ylamino)stilbene-2-sulphonate, disodium 4,4 1 -bis-(2-anilino-4-(N-methyl-N-2-hydroxyethylamino)-s-triazin-6-ylamino)stilbene-2,2 1 -disulphonate, disodium 4,
- polyethylene glycols particularly those of molecular weight 1000-10000, more particularly 2000 to 8000 and most preferably about 4000.
- These optional polymeric materials including the previously mentioned homo- or copolymeric polycarboxylate salts are valuable for improving whiteness maintenance, fabric ash deposition, and cleaning performance on clay, proteinaceous and oxidizable soils in the presence of transition metal impurities.
- soil release agents are conventional copolymers or terpolymers of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol units in various arrangements, as well as the ethoxylated/propoxylated polyamines.
- Modified polyesters may also be used as soil release agents, and include random copolymers of dimethyl terephtalate, dimethyl sulfoisophtalate, ethylene glycol and 1-2 propane diol, the end groups consisting primarily of sulphobenzoate and secondarily of mono esters of ethylene glycol and/or propane-diol.
- An aqueous solution of the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative, 0.1 g, prepared in Example 1 was dissolved in 5 g of 2M NaCl and evaluated for anti-dye transfer properties in commercially available detergent compositions.
- the test involved washing 1 white cotton swatch with 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 1, 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 90, and 1 white cotton 400. These swatches are commercially available from Test Fabrics in New Jersey.
- the test was conducted in a terg-o-tometer using 2.0 g/l of detergent and the polymer solution prepared above. The test was conducted at 93.4° F., 80 rpm and 110 PPM hardness water. The wash was 20 minutes and was followed by a 3 minute rinse.
- the swatches were then dried and the L values (whiteness) of the white swatches were measured using a Minolta calorimeter. A higher L value for the white swatch indicates that less dye is being transferred to the swatch and is a measure of the effectiveness of the dye transfer polymer.
- the test results are summarized in Table I.
- the test involved washing 1 white cotton swatch with 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 1, 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 90, and 1 white cotton 400. These swatches are commercially available from Test Fabrics in New Jersey. The test was conducted in a terg-o-tometer using 2.0 g/l of Arm & Hammer liquid detergent and various amounts of polymer as listed in Table II. The test was conducted at 93.4° F., 80 rpm and 110 PPM hardness water. The wash was 20 minutes and was followed by a 3 minute rinse. The swatches were then dried and the L values (whiteness) of the white swatches were measured using a Minolta calorimeter. A higher L value for the white swatch indicate that less dye is being transferred to the swatch and is a measure of the effectiveness of the dye transfer polymer. The test results are summarized in Table II.
- test results in Table II show that less dye was transferred during washing of the white swatches with the detergent containing polyvinylpyrridinium derivative prepared in Example 3 as compared to the white swatches that were washed with the detergent containing the polyvinylpyrrolidinium betain prepared in Example 4.
- results show that 0.1% of the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative prepared in Example 3 exhibits superior anti-dye transfer properties as compared to 0.5% of the polyvinylpyrridinium betaine prepared in Example 4.
- a mixture of 50 grams of water and 50 grams of isopropanol was added to a reactor. The mixture was heated to 80° C. A mixture of 50 grams of vinyl pyridine and 68.6 grams of a 50 wt % aqueous solution of acrylamide were added to the reactor over a period of 1 hour. This was accompanied by simultaneous addition of an aqueous solution of 0.8 grams of ammonium persulafte in 30 grams of deionized water over a period of 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was held at 80° C. for 1 to 2 hours.
- the test involved washing 1 white cotton swatch with 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 1, 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 90, and 1 white cotton 400. These swatches are commercially available from Test Fabrics in New Jersey. The test was conducted in a terg-o-tometer using 2.0 g/l of WISK liquid detergent and 5.0 weight % of the copolymer. The test was conducted at 93.4° F., 80 rpm and 110 PPM hardness water. The wash was 20 minutes and was followed by a 3 minute rinse. The swatches were then dried and the L values (whiteness) of the white swatches were measured using a Minolta calorimeter. A higher L value for the white swatch indicate that less dye is being transferred to the swatch and is a measure of the effectiveness of the dye transfer polymer. The test results are summarized in Table III.
- a primary detergency test was conducted using a Blood/Milk/Ink (BMI) stain that was obtained from Test Fabrics. The test consisted on washing a BMI obtained swatch with 9 white swatches as ballast. These swatches are commercially available from Test Fabrics in New Jersey. The test was conducted in a terg-o-tometer using 1.9 g/l of detergent (commercially available Arm and Hammer powder) and 5.0 wt. polymer. The test was conducted at 93° F., 80 rpm and 110 PPM hardness water. The wash was 20 minutes and was followed by a 3 minute rinse.
- BMI Blood/Milk/Ink
- test results in Table IV show that the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative prepared in Example 3 and the copolymer of vinylpyrridinium sultaine and acrylamide prepared in Example 6 do not adversely affect stain removal since the L value of the BMI swatch in the presence of the polymer or copolymer is at least equal to or greater than that of the control. Furthermore, the L values of the white swatch indicate that the polymer and copolymer do not have an adverse effect on anti-redeposition properties since L value of the white swatch in the presence of the polymer or copolymer is at least equal to or greater than that of the control.
- the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative prepared in Example 3 was added to rinse water along with DOWNY, a commercially available fabric softener.
- the copolymer of vinylpyrridinium sultaine and acrylamide prepared in Example 6 was added to rinse water along with a fabric softener.
- a control sample was evaluated wherein the fabric softener was used without any polymer or copolymer.
- the fabric softener was dosed at 0.48 g/L.
- the anti-dye transfer polymer or copolymer was added to the rinse at 5% of this amount based upon dry polymer. There was a 10 min. rinse in 110 PPM. hard water.
- the rinse included 4 Direct Blue 1, 4 Direct Blue 90, and 1 White cotton #400 swatch.
- the swatches were 4.5 ⁇ 6 in. This was followed by 10-15 min. of drying in a commercial washer that was on the “Whites” setting.
- the dye transfer was evaluated by measuring the L values on a Minolta spectrophotometer. The test results are summarized in Table V.
- test results in Table V show that the polyvinylpyrridinium derivative prepared in Example 3 and the copolymer of vinylpyrridinium sultaine and acrylamide prepared in Example 6 have anti-dye transfer benefit in the rinse cycle both with and without a commercial fabric softener.
- a mixture of 50 grams of water and 30 grams of isopropanol was added to a reactor. The mixture was heated to 80° C. A monomer feed consisting of 50 grams of vinyl pyridine and another separate feed consisting of 49.8 grams of DMAEMA were added to the reactor over a period of 1 hour. This was accompanied by simultaneous addition of an aqueous solution of 1.0 grams of ammonium persulfate in 30 grams of deionized water over a period of 1.5 hours. Also, 0.5 grams of 3-mercaptopropionic acid dissolved in 20 grams of D1 water was added over 1 hour simultaneously in to the reactor. The reaction mixture was held at 80° C. for 1 to 2 hours.
- the test involved washing 1 white cotton swatch with 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 1, 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 90, and 1 white cotton 400. These swatches are commercially available from Test Fabrics in New Jersey. The test was conducted in a terg-o-tometer using 2.0 g/l of Wisk liquid detergent and 1.0 wt. polymer. The test was conducted at 93.4° F., 80 rpm and 110 PPM hardness water. The wash was 20 minutes and was followed by a 3 minute rinse. The swatches were then dried and the L values (whiteness) of the white swatches were measured using a Minolta colorimeter. A higher L value for the white swatch indicate that less dye is being transferred to the swatch and is a measure of the effectiveness of the dye transfer polymer. The test results are summarized in Table VI.
- the dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate betaine was prepared by mixing 36.9 g of sodium chloroacetate and 50.0 g of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate monomer in 100 grams of deionized water. The mixture was heated to 40° C. and held for a period of 16 hours. A clear water like solution was obtained.
- a mixture of 50 grams of water and 30 grams of isopropanol was added to a reactor and the pH was lowered to 2 by addition of a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid. The mixture was heated to 80° C.
- a monomer feed consisting of 75 grams of the dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate betaine solution and 13.4 grams of 4-vinyl pyridine were added to the reactor over a period of 1 hour. This was accompanied by simultaneous addition of an aqueous solution of 0.4 grams of ammonium persulfate in 15 grams of deionized water over a period of 1.5 hours.
- the reaction mixture was held at 80° C. for 1 to 2 hours.
- the test involved washing 1 white cotton swatch with 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 1, 4 swatches dyed with Direct Blue 90, and 1 white cotton 400. These swatches are commercially available from Test Fabrics in New Jersey. The test was conducted in a terg-o-tometer using 1.3 g/L of Wisk liquid detergent and 1.0 wt. polymer. The test was conducted at 93.4° F., 80 rpm and 110 PPM hardness water. The wash was 20 minutes and was followed by a 3 minute rinse. The swatches were then dried and the L values (whiteness) of the white swatches were measured using a Minolta colorimeter. A higher L value for the white swatch indicate that less dye is being transferred to the swatch and is a measure of the effectiveness of the dye transfer polymer. The test results are summarized in Table VII.
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US10/369,911 USRE39450E1 (en) | 1999-04-28 | 2003-02-20 | Polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives as anti-dye transfer agents |
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US09/300,913 US6191098B1 (en) | 1999-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Polyvinylpyridinium derivatives as anti-dye transfer agents |
US10/369,911 USRE39450E1 (en) | 1999-04-28 | 2003-02-20 | Polyvinylpyrridinium derivatives as anti-dye transfer agents |
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US09/300,913 Reissue US6191098B1 (en) | 1999-04-28 | 1999-04-28 | Polyvinylpyridinium derivatives as anti-dye transfer agents |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110092636A1 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-04-21 | Anbanandam Parthiban | Water swellable and water soluble polymers and use thereof |
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