USRE39152E1 - Surgical instrument - Google Patents
Surgical instrument Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE39152E1 USRE39152E1 US09/707,445 US70744500A USRE39152E US RE39152 E1 USRE39152 E1 US RE39152E1 US 70744500 A US70744500 A US 70744500A US RE39152 E USRE39152 E US RE39152E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- section
- articulated section
- orientation
- movable member
- drive shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
- A61B17/32002—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
- A61B2017/003—Steerable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
- A61B2017/003—Steerable
- A61B2017/00305—Constructional details of the flexible means
- A61B2017/00309—Cut-outs or slits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2901—Details of shaft
- A61B2017/2905—Details of shaft flexible
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
- A61B2017/2927—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
- A61B2017/2929—Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft with a head rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the shaft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and improved arthroscopic/endoscopic surgical instrument, and more specifically, to an arthroscopic/endoscopic surgical instrument which may be used to remove tissue from a joint or other body space.
- Surgical instruments which may be used to remove tissue or perform other operations on tissue are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,499,899; 4,517,977; 4,649,919; and 4,834,729.
- the surgical instruments disclosed in these patents have stem sections which extend outwardly from a handle.
- a cutting tool or other device is disposed at the outer end of the stem section.
- the stem section is rigid. Therefore, the orientation of the cutting tool can not be changed relative to the stem section.
- the present invention relates to a surgical instrument which is particularly well adapted for arthroscopic and/or endoscopic surgery.
- the surgical instrument has a stem section which is attached to a handle.
- a suitable instrument such as a cutting tool, is connected with an outer end portion of the stem section by an articulated section.
- An actuator is provided to bend the articulated section to change the orientation of the instrument relative to the stem section and body tissue.
- a pair of flexible elongated elements such as wires, are provided to bend the articulated section in opposite directions from an initial position.
- the articulated section may be constructed so as to freely flex in a direction transverse to the direction in which the articulated section is bent by the elongated elements.
- a plurality of elongated elements, such as wires are provided to flex or bend the articulated section in any one of four directions.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a surgical instrument constructed in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view, taken generally along the line 2 — 2 of FIG. 1 , illustrating the manner in which a known handle is connected with a tubular stem section of the surgical instrument;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic sectional view depicting the manner in which an actuator for bending an articulated section of the surgical instrument is mounted on the stem section and the manner in which a drive shaft is connected with a tubular drive element which extends through the stem section;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic side elevational view depicting the construction of an articulated section of the stem section
- FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view, taken generally along the line 5 — 5 of FIG. 4 , further illustrating the construction of the articulated section of the stem section;
- FIG. 6 is a highly schematicized illustration depicting the manner in which a pair of wires are connected with an actuator assembly which tensions one of the wires to bend the articulated section of the stem section;
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic side elevational view, generally similar to FIG. 4 , illustrating the manner in which the articulated section is flexed by the actuator assembly of FIG. 6 ;
- FIG. 8 (on sheet 4 of the drawings) is a highly schematicized illustration depicting deflection of the articulated section in either one of two directions by the actuator assembly of FIG. 6 and depicting the manner in which the articulated section is free to move in either one of two transverse directions;
- FIG. 9 (on sheet 2 of the drawings) is a fragmentary schematic illustration depicting an embodiment of the invention in which the articulated section can be flexed in any one of four directions by an actuator system.
- a surgical instrument 20 constructed in accordance with the present invention, is illustrated in FIG. 1 and may be used during the performance of arthroscopic and/or endoscopic surgery.
- a control apparatus 22 is connected with the surgical instrument 20 through a cord system 24 .
- the surgical instrument 20 includes a handle 28 of known construction, which is connected with a tubular stem section 30 .
- a known instrument 32 is connected with a rigid portion 33 of the stem section by an articulated section 34 constructed in accordance with the present invention.
- an actuator assembly 38 is manually operable to bend the articulated section 34 to move the instrument 32 between my one of many positions relative to the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 .
- the actuator assembly 38 can be operated to bend the articulated section 34 from a straight or initial condition shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 to any one of a plurality of bent conditions, some of which have been indicated schematically in FIG. 7 .
- the actuator assembly 38 can be operated to bend the articulated section 34 upwardly from the straight or initial orientation (shown in solid lines in FIGS. 4 , 5 and 7 ) through a plurality of positions, indicated in dashed lines aid dash-dot lines to a fully flexed position indicated in dash-dot-dot lines in FIG. 7 .
- operation of the actuator assembly 38 could be interrupted with the instrument 32 in any one of the positions illustrated in FIG. 7 or in positions intermediate the positions shown in FIG. 7 .
- the actuator assembly 38 can be operated to deflect the articulated section 34 downwardly (as viewed in FIGS. 4 and 7 ) to any one of a plurality of positions.
- the instrument 32 will extend straight downwardly in much the same manner as in which the instrument has been shown extending straight upwardly in dash-dot-dot lines in FIG.
- the actuator assembly 38 is operable to bend the articulated section 34 and to move the instrument 32 relative to the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 in such a manner as to change the orientation of the instrument 32 through 90° to either a straight upward orientation (as shown in dash-dot-dot lines in FIG. 7 ) or to a straight downward orientation.
- the articulated section 34 can be freely bent or deflected sidewardly, that is either up or down as viewed in FIG. 5 or into and out of the sheet as viewed in FIGS. 4 and 7 .
- the actuator assembly 38 is operable to positively deflect or bend the articulated section either up or down as viewed in FIG. 4
- the articulated section 34 is allowed to float or bend sidewardly under the influence of forces applied to the articulated section.
- the actuator assembly 38 can be operated to change the orientation of the instrument 32 relative to the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 and body tissue during an operation.
- the actuator assembly 38 can be operated to positively change the orientation of the instrument 32 through a range of 180°, that is through 90° upwardly (as viewed in FIGS. 4 and 7 ) from the straight initial orientation and through 90° downwardly (as viewed in FIGS. 4 and 7 ) from the straight initial orientation.
- the articulated section 34 can be deflected or bent under the influence of forces applied to the instrument 32 , through 90° to either side of the straight initial orientation shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 .
- the surgical instrument 20 will be particularly advantageous for removing tissue from between vertebra in the human spinal column during an operation.
- the instrument 32 , articulated section 34 and part of the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 can be inserted through a very small opening in the skin adjacent to the spinal column of a patient. As this is done, the articulated section 34 is straight in the initial orientation shown in FIGS. 1 , 4 and 5 .
- the actuator assembly 38 is operated to bend the articulated section 34 and move the surgical instrument 32 transversely to a longitudinal central axis of the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 .
- This enables the instrument 30 to be moved to a desired position to engage tissue located between adjacent vertebra.
- the articulated section 34 can also be deflected sideways under the influence of forces applied against the instrument 32 .
- the surgical instrument 20 can be used during the performance of many different types of arthroscopic and/or endoscopic operations.
- a suction pump (not shown) is connected with the handle 28 at a connection 44 .
- Suction is conducted through a central conduit or passage 45 ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ) in the stem section 30 to the instrument 32 .
- the suction draws or pulls tissue from the area immediately adjacent to the instrument 32 back through the stem section 30 to the connection 44 and suction conduit
- water or other fluid can be utilized to irrigate the area where tissue is removed by the instrument 32 .
- a source of water or other irrigation fluid is connected with the handle 28 at a connection indicated at 46 in FIG. 1 .
- the irrigation fluid is conducted through the handle 28 and the central conduit 45 in the stem section 30 to the instrument 32 . Irrigating fluid, along with the removed tissue, is then withdrawn from the area around the surgical instrument 32 .
- the articulated section 34 includes a plurality of relatively movable sections 50 , 52 , 54 and 56 (FIGS. 4 and 5 ).
- the sections 50 , 52 , 54 and 56 are interconnected for pivotal movement about perpendicular axes.
- the section 50 is pivotal relative to the section 52 about a vertical axis indicated at 60 in FIG. 4 .
- the section 50 is connected with the section 52 at pivot connections 62 and 64 .
- the section 54 is pivotal relative to the section 56 about a vertical axis indicated at 66 in FIG. 4 .
- the section 54 is connected with the section 56 at pivot connections 68 and 70 .
- the section 52 is pivotal relative to the section 54 about a horizontal axis indicated at 72 in FIG. 5 .
- the section 52 is connected with the section 54 at pivot connections 74 and 76 .
- the section 56 is pivotal relative to an end portion 78 of the rigid stem section 33 about a horizontal axis indicated at 82 in FIG. 5 .
- the section 56 is connected with the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 at pivot connections 84 and 86 .
- the instrument 32 is pivotal relative to the section 50 about a horizontal axis indicated at 92 in FIG. 5 .
- the instrument 32 is connected with the section 50 at pivot connections 94 and 96 .
- the axes 60 and 66 extend parallel to each other and perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the stem section 30 .
- the axes 72 , 82 and 92 extend parallel to each other and perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the stem section 30 .
- the axes 60 and 66 extend perpendicular to the axes 72 , 82 and 92 .
- the axes 60 , 66 , 72 , 82 and 92 all intersect the central axis of the stem section 30 .
- Initial operation of the actuator assembly 38 in one direction pivots the instrument 32 upwardly (as shown in FIG. 7 ) from the initial position shown in solid lines to the deflected position shown in dashed lines. Movement of the instrument 32 from the initial position shown in solid lines to the deflected position shown in dashed lines, is accomplished by pivotal movement of the instrument about the axis 92 at the pivot connections 94 and 96 (FIG. 5 ).
- the articulated section 34 is also free to deflect sideways under the influence of forces applied against the articulated section.
- the section 50 and the instrument 32 are pivotal sideways relative to the section 52 about the axis indicated at 60 in FIG. 4 .
- the section 50 is pivotal sideways at the connections 62 and 64 .
- the sections 50 , 52 and 54 are pivotal sideways relative to the section 56 about the axis indicated at 66 in FIG. 4 .
- the section 54 is pivotal sideways at the connections 68 and 70 .
- the actuator assembly 38 includes a pair of flexible wires 102 and 104 ( FIGS. 6 and 7 ) which are connected with the instrument 32 through the tubular stem section 30 .
- the wire 102 is connected with the upper (as viewed in FIG. 7 ) portion of the instrument 32 while the wire 104 is connected with the lower portion of the instrument 32 .
- the wires 102 and 104 are offset from the pivot connections 94 and 96 (FIGS. 5 and 7 ).
- Tension in the upper wire 102 (as viewed in FIG. 7 ) is effective to pivot the instrument 32 in a clockwise direction about the pivot connections 94 and 96 .
- tension in the lower wire 104 is effective to pivot the instrument 32 in a counterclockwise direction (as viewed in FIG. 7 ) about the pivot connections 94 and 96 .
- the wire 102 shortens slightly and the wire 104 is lengthened to pull the instrument 32 from the initial position shown in solid lines to the position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 7 .
- the actuator assembly 38 When the actuator assembly 38 ( FIG. 6 ) is operated in one direction, the wire 102 shortens slightly and the wire 104 is lengthened to pull the instrument 32 from the initial position shown in solid lines to the position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 7 .
- further shortening of the wire 102 and lengthening of the wire 104 by operation of the actuator assembly 38 pulls the sections 50 and 52 in a clockwise direction (as viewed in FIG. 7 ) from the initial position shown in solid lines to the position shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 7 .
- the section 52 pivots about the axis 72 at the connections 74 and 76 .
- Operation of the actuator assembly 38 in the opposite direction is effective to shorten the wire 104 and lengthen the wire 102 .
- the instrument 32 is pivoted downwardly or in a counterclockwise direction (as viewed in FIG. 7 ) about the axis 92 ( FIG. 5 ) at the connections 94 and 96 .
- the actuator assembly 38 has been shown schematically in FIG. 6 .
- the actuator assembly 38 includes a pair of pulleys or drams 108 and 110 to which end portions of the wires 102 and 104 are connected
- the wires 102 and 104 are wound in opposite directions about the drums 108 and 110 .
- the drums 108 and 110 rotate together about a common axis. Therefore, when one of the wires 102 or 104 is wound onto a drum 108 or 110 , the other wire is unwound from the other drum.
- the gear train 116 Upon pivotal movement of a handle 114 , a gear train 116 is actuated.
- the gear train 116 has been illustrated schematically in FIG. 3 .
- the gear train 116 includes a gear 118 which is fixedly connected with the handle 114 and a gear 120 which is fixedly connected with the pulleys or drums 108 and 110 (FIG. 6 ).
- Pivotal movement of the handle 114 in a clockwise direction rotates the gear 120 and drums 1108 and 110 ( FIG. 6 ) in a counterclockwise direction.
- Shortening of the wire 104 and corresponding lengthening of the wire 102 results in the articulated section 34 being pivoted downwardly or in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 7 in the manner previously explained.
- actuator assembly 38 could have a somewhat different construction if desired.
- many different types of mechanisms could be provided lengthening one of the wires 102 or 104 while simultaneously shortening one of the wires.
- the actuator assembly is operable to apply force to the articulated section to deflect the articulated section from a straight initial configuration to an upwardly or downwardly (as viewed in FIG. 7 ) bent configuration.
- the articulated section 34 can be deflected in the manner shown in dashed, dash-dot and dash-dot-dot lines in FIG. 7 . This will result in the instrument 32 being moved upwardly from a position in which it is aligned with a horizontal Z axis ( FIG. 8 ) to a position in which it is aligned with a vertical Y axis.
- the Z axis is coincident with a longitudinal central axis of the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 .
- the actuator assembly 38 can also be operated to bend or deflect the articulated section 34 to move the instrument 32 downwardly from the Z axis into alignment with the Y axis in the manner shown in dashed lines in FIG. 8 . At this time, the instrument 32 extends downwardly from and perpendicular to the X and Z axes.
- the actuator assembly 38 is operable to deflect the articulated section 34 to move the instrument 32 in either one of two directions, that is upwardly or downwardly as viewed in FIGS. 7 and 8 .
- the articulated section 34 is deflectable to enable the instrument to be moved sidewardly.
- the articulated section 34 can be moved, under the influence of external or sidewards forces applied against the instrument 32 , to move the instrument from the initial position toward the left into alignment with the X axis as shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 8 .
- the instrument 32 can be deflected toward the right (as viewed in FIG. 8 ) into alignment with the X axis in the manner shown in dash-dot-dot lines.
- the articulated section 34 can be deflected in such a manner as to move the instrument 32 into almost any position within a hemisphere having a central polar axis which is coincident with the Z axis (FIG. 8 ).
- the instrument 32 includes a rotatable cutter 124 (FIG. 5 ).
- the cutter 124 is connected with a drive shaft 126 ( FIG. 3 ) of a motor in the handle 28 (FIG. 1 ). During operation of the motor, the cutter 124 is rotated to cut tissue.
- the cutter 124 may have many different constructions, it is contemplated that the cutter my be constructed in a manner similar to that disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,598,710.
- a generally spherical rotatable burr or muter may be used to abrade tissue.
- a probe or a basket biter having (mown constructions could be substituted for the cutter 124 .
- the particular type of instrument 32 which is connected with the outer end portion of the articulated section 34 will depend upon the surgical operation to be performed.
- the cutter 124 is rotatable about the longitudinal central axis of the stem section 30 to cut tissue.
- a rigid tubular metal drive shaft 128 extends axially from the drive shaft 126 through the rigid portion 33 of the stem section 30 to the articulated section 34 ( FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 ). Since the articulated section 34 is capable of being deflected in any desired direction, the rigid drive shaft 128 stops short of the articulated section 34 and is secured to a flexible tubular polymeric drive shaft 130 (FIG. 7 ).
- the flexible drive shaft 130 extends through the articulated section 34 and is connected to the rotatable cutter 24 .
- the rigid drive shaft 129 is connected with the drive shaft 126 ( FIG. 3 ) of a suitable electric motor in the handle 28 and is rotated about its longitudinal central axis by operation of the motor.
- the rigid drive shaft 128 is rotatably supported within a rigid tubular metal housing 134 by a plurality of spaced apart bearing or spacer blocks 136 ( FIGS. 3 , 4 and 7 ).
- the bearing blocks 136 are disposed at spaced apart locations about the circumference of the drive shaft 128 .
- the bearing blocks 136 are fixedly connected with the stationary housing 134 and support the drive shaft 128 for rotation relative to the housing.
- the wires 102 and 104 extend through space between adjacent tearing blocks 136 .
- suitable guides are provided on the inside of the housing 134 to guide the wires 102 and 104 between the articulated section 34 and the actuator assembly 38 .
- guides may be preferred to utilize guides having holes through which the wires 102 and 104 extend and which are formed of suitable polymeric material to minimize friction against the surface of the wires 102 and 104 .
- the wires 102 and 104 are disposed radially outwardly of the rigid metal drive shaft 128 and the flexible drive shaft 130 . This allows the outer end portions of the wires 102 and 104 to be fixedly secured to diametrically, opposite portions of the instrument 32 in the manner indicated schematically at 142 and 144 in FIG. 7 .
- Fluid for irrigating an area adjacent to the cutter 124 is conducted through the conduit 45 formed in the tubular rigid drive shaft 128 and the tubular flexible drive shaft 130 ( FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 ) to the cutter 124 .
- the suction draws the irrigating fluid and any loose tissue away from the cutter 124 .
- a thin flexible polymeric sheet my be provided around the articulated section 34 .
- the sheet has been omitted in the drawings for purposes of clarity of illustration
- the actuator assembly 38 is operable to bend the articulated section either upwardly or downwardly from the Z axis in the plane of the Y axis (FIG. 8 ).
- the articulated section 34 is constructed so that it is deflectable or bendable by forces applied to the instrument 32 or the articulated section 34 to deflect the instrument 32 to either side of the plane of the X and Z axes, in the manner indicated schematically in FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 9 An embodiment of the invention having an actuator assembly constructed so as to deflect the articulated section 34 in my desired direction is illustrated in FIG. 9 . Since the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 9 is generally similar to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1-8 , similar numerals will be utilized to designate similar components, the suffix letter “a” being associated with the numerals of FIG. 9 in order to avoid confusion.
- a surgical instrument 20 a has a handle 28 a which is connected with an instrument 32 a by a stem section 30 a.
- the stem section 30 a includes a rigid section 33 a and an articulated section 34 a.
- an actuator 38 a is provided to move the instrument 32 a in a plane containing the Z and Y axes (FIG. 8 ).
- a second actuator assembly 152 is provided to move the instrument 32 a in the plane containing the X and Z axes (FIG. 8 ).
- the two actuator assemblies 38 a and 152 function as an actuator system which enables a surgeon to move that instrument 32 a anywhere within a hemisphere by operating the actuator assemblies.
- the actuator assembly 38 a is connected with the instrument 32 a by wires 102 a and 104 a.
- the actuator assembly 152 is connected with the instrument 32 a by wires 156 and 158 .
- the wires 102 a, 104 a, 156 and 158 are connected with the instrument 32 a at locations which are offset from each by 90° about the circumference of the instrument 32 a.
- the wires 102 a and 104 a are connected with the instrument 32 a at locations which are diametrically opposite from each other.
- the wires 156 and 158 are connected with the instrument 32 a at locations which are located diametrically opposite from each other and on a diameter which extends perpendicular to a diameter extending through the connections of the wires 102 a and 104 a to the instrument 32 a.
- the combination of the four wires 102 a, 104 a, 156 and 158 and the actuator assemblies 38 a and 152 enable the instrument 32 a to be pivoted in my desired direction relative to the rigid stem 33 a.
- the actuator assembly 152 has the same construction as the actuator assembly 38 a. However, it is contemplated that it my be desirable to combine the functions of the actuator assemblies 152 and 38 a into a single actuator assembly which would operate all four wires 102 a, 104 a, 156 and 158 . However, it should be understood that the two actuator assemblies 39 a and 152 cooperate and function together in such a manner so as to enable a surgeon to move the instrument 32 a in my desired direction from the initial position shown in FIG. 9 .
- the present invention relates to a surgical instrument 20 which is particularly well adapted for arthroscopic and/or endoscopic surgery.
- the surgical instrument 20 has a stem section 30 which is attached to a handle 28 .
- a suitable instrument 32 such as a cutting tool, is connected with an outer end portion of the stem section 30 by an articulated section 34 .
- An actuator 38 is provided to bend the articulated section 34 , to change the orientation of the instrument 32 relative to the stem section 30 and body tissue.
- a pair of flexible elongated elements 102 and 104 are provided to bend the articulated section 23 in opposite directions from an initial position.
- the articulated section 34 may be constructed so as to freely flex in a direction transverse to the direction in which the articulated section is bent by the elongated elements 102 and 104 .
- a plurality of elongated elements 102 a, 104 a, 156 and 158 are provided to flex or bend the articulated section 34 a in any one of four directions.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/707,445 USRE39152E1 (en) | 1993-01-25 | 2000-11-06 | Surgical instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/008,670 US5540706A (en) | 1993-01-25 | 1993-01-25 | Surgical instrument |
US09/707,445 USRE39152E1 (en) | 1993-01-25 | 2000-11-06 | Surgical instrument |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/008,670 Reissue US5540706A (en) | 1993-01-25 | 1993-01-25 | Surgical instrument |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE39152E1 true USRE39152E1 (en) | 2006-06-27 |
Family
ID=21732989
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/008,670 Ceased US5540706A (en) | 1993-01-25 | 1993-01-25 | Surgical instrument |
US09/707,445 Expired - Lifetime USRE39152E1 (en) | 1993-01-25 | 2000-11-06 | Surgical instrument |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/008,670 Ceased US5540706A (en) | 1993-01-25 | 1993-01-25 | Surgical instrument |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US5540706A (en) |
Cited By (172)
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US20080004646A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Atheromed, Inc. | Atherectomy devices and methods |
US20080004644A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Atheromed, Inc. | Atherectomy devices and methods |
US20080004647A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Atheromed, Inc. | Atherectomy devices and methods |
AU2007307101A1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-17 | Covidien Lp | Flexible endoscopic stitching devices |
US20090018565A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-01-15 | Artheromed, Inc. | Atherectomy devices, systems, and methods |
US20090024085A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-01-22 | Artheromed, Inc | Atherectomy devices, systems, and methods |
US20100168721A1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-01 | Intuitive Surgical, Inc. | Lubricating tendons in a tendon-actuated surgical instrument |
US20110218522A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2011-09-08 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Flexible shaft extender and method of using same |
US8070762B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2011-12-06 | Atheromed Inc. | Atherectomy devices and methods |
US8236016B2 (en) | 2007-10-22 | 2012-08-07 | Atheromed, Inc. | Atherectomy devices and methods |
US8454631B2 (en) | 2006-10-05 | 2013-06-04 | Covidien Lp | Axial stitching devices |
US8490713B2 (en) | 2009-10-06 | 2013-07-23 | Covidien Lp | Handle assembly for endoscopic suturing device |
US8628545B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2014-01-14 | Covidien Lp | Endoscopic stitching devices |
USD708746S1 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2014-07-08 | Covidien Lp | Handle for surgical device |
US8795306B2 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2014-08-05 | Atheromed, Inc. | Atherectomy apparatus, systems and methods |
US8864776B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2014-10-21 | Covidien Lp | Deployment system for surgical suture |
US8968340B2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2015-03-03 | Covidien Lp | Single actuating jaw flexible endolumenal stitching device |
US8968276B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2015-03-03 | Covidien Lp | Hand held surgical handle assembly, surgical adapters for use between surgical handle assembly and surgical end effectors, and methods of use |
US9016545B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2015-04-28 | Covidien Lp | Apparatus for endoscopic procedures |
US9023014B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2015-05-05 | Covidien Lp | Quick connect assembly for use between surgical handle assembly and surgical accessories |
US9055943B2 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2015-06-16 | Covidien Lp | Hand held surgical handle assembly, surgical adapters for use between surgical handle assembly and surgical end effectors, and methods of use |
US9113942B2 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2015-08-25 | Hospital For Special Surgery | Surgical tool |
US9211134B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-12-15 | Carefusion 2200, Inc. | Wrist assembly for articulating laparoscopic surgical instruments |
US9216013B2 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2015-12-22 | Covidien Lp | Apparatus for endoscopic procedures |
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