USRE37139E1 - Insulating element for building - Google Patents

Insulating element for building Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE37139E1
USRE37139E1 US08/386,302 US38630295A USRE37139E US RE37139 E1 USRE37139 E1 US RE37139E1 US 38630295 A US38630295 A US 38630295A US RE37139 E USRE37139 E US RE37139E
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Prior art keywords
fleece
sheepswool
insulating element
woven material
insulating
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US08/386,302
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Ludwig Krickl
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Individual
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Priority claimed from US07/851,076 external-priority patent/US5246760A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
    • E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
    • E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E04B2001/743—Animal products, e.g. wool, feathers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24124—Fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/2457—Parallel ribs and/or grooves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
    • Y10T442/662—Needled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y10T442/667—Needled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/671—Multiple nonwoven fabric layers composed of the same polymeric strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insulating element for the thermal insulation of buildings and more particularly for the thermal insulation of the walls, ceilings and roofs thereof.
  • Thermal insulating materials are available in a large variety of types for buildings and underground structures, technical plant and apparatus and on the one hand serve to prevent losses of heat or cold and therefore energy losses or on the other hand to prevent the undesired effects of heat or cold as far as possible on the structure to be protected, be it for preventing damage to thermally sensitive materials or be it to prevent indirect effects of heat or cold, such as the formation of condensate.
  • Mineral fiber materials that is to say glass, stone or slag fiber, are generally impregnated with phenolformaldehyde.
  • Formaldehyde and phenol cause a wide variety of complaints, more particularly in the case of allergic persons, for which reason their use in dwellings is to be avoided.
  • a particular problem is that fiber glass is frequently damaged by cockroaches, which are difficult to combat. There have been reports on cockroaches creeping through the fiber glass insulation of district heating systems and making their way into the buildings served thereby.
  • thermal insulation in dwellings the provision of uncontaminated air for the occupants is of great importance, for which reason the material used for thermal insulation should have a clean bill of health, should be capable of diffusion and should be hygroscopic, that is to say capable of avoiding extremes in the moisture content of indoor air.
  • sheepswool is greatly superior to mineral wool as utilized on a large scale presently for the thermal insulation of buildings.
  • Such sheepswool furthermore is available at a substantially lower price; at present black sheepswool is practically unsalable because it cannot be dyed.
  • Sheepswool is extremely hygienic, is capable of diffusion and tempers the moisture in the atmosphere and is therefore particularly suitable to provide good clean indoor air for dwellings. From the environmental aspect as well sheepswool is one of the raw materials to which there can be no objection as regards processing, use and disposal so that there is no impairment of the environmental cycle.
  • sheepswool As regards the aspect of fire prevention there are no objections to the use of sheepswool as an insulating material for buildings. When acted upon by a flame wool carbonizes without self-sustaining combustion so that the fire is not spread. Unlike the case synthetic insulating materials no gases with a narcotic effect are produced. A further point to be considered is that sheepswool when used as an insulating material for building dwellings can generally be completely enclosed by material which is hardly capable of burning.
  • sheepswool For the practical use of sheepswool it is important to produce insulating elements which consist exclusively of it in order to profit from the optimum properties thereof without impairment by the inclusion of other materials and which are easy produce, simple to store and simple to ship and more particularly are easily handled during installation.
  • One object of the present invention is to create such an insulating element.
  • an insulating element for the thermal insulation of a building and more particularly for the thermal insulation of walls, roofs and ceilings consists of a sheepswool fleece, which is sandwiched between two layers of a needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool, the fleece and the non-woven material being joined together by means of their own fibers by needling to constitute a unit which may be handled as such.
  • needleling is used to mean a process in which by stabbing needles into the planes of the sandwich structure transversely fibers of material are drawn from the one layer and pulled into the respective adjacent layer in order to join the layers without the use of extraneous materials.
  • the insulating material in accordance with the invention is particularly advantageous since the entire element consists exclusively of sheepswool with its high coefficient of thermal insulation, its self-extinguishing properties and its low flammability.
  • a particularly high thermal insulating effect is achieved by the sheepswool fleece because it prossesses a more particularly voluminous structure.
  • a sheepswool fleece per se however not only has a poor dimensional stability but furthermore its surface is easily damaged so that it is not easy to manipulate. It is only in the sandwiched structure of the element involving the inclusion of the sheepswool fleece between the two layers of a needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool and the connection of these components by their own fibers using needles that there is a stable and readily handled unit.
  • the thickness of the insulating element may be varied by altering the thickness of the fleece.
  • Such insulating elements can be suitably configured for the respective application or for instance be designed with combinable rectangular dimensions with graduations in thickness for the construction of sheet-like insulating zones on the walls of buildings, ceilings or roofs.
  • the insulating element is more particularly simple to handle, if for instance it is manufactured as a running length or a sheet able to be cut to size with a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the desired respective insulating zone and for instance warehoused in rolls with a range of graduated thicknesses.
  • the dimensional stability is improved in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention if the fleece is laid crosswise, meaning that the fleece, in which the fibers essentially have an alignment in one direction, and is so arranged in at least two superposed layers that the fiber directions of the two layers intersect each other. By needling the layers they are fixed in such position.
  • connection produced by needling between the needle non-woven material and the fleece is limited to selected connection zones, which are for instance generally distributed like quilting seams so that the voluminous structure of the sheepswool fleece is preserved as far as possible.
  • the wool utilized is employed in the washed condition and moreover it is possible for the wool to be combed in order to improve its insulating effect.
  • the single FIGURE of the drawing shows an insulating element consisting of a sheepswool fleece between covers manufactured of needled non-woven material.
  • an insulating element 60 which is suitable for installation in any desired structure and preferably in the form of a sheet or board for use as roof insulation, which consists of a core layer 62 in the form of a horizontally cross-laid sheepswool fleece sandwiched between respective layers 64 and 66 of needled non-woven material or needled felt, also consisting of sheepswool.
  • a core layer 62 in the form of a horizontally cross-laid sheepswool fleece sandwiched between respective layers 64 and 66 of needled non-woven material or needled felt, also consisting of sheepswool.
  • the needling operation means that the inherent fibers of the material are pulled inwards transversely in relation to the layers through the interfaces between the layers as is for instance diagrammatically illustrated taking the fibers 68 as an example.
  • the needling operation for connecting the three layers is only performed in selected zone 70 which are generally distributed in the form of quilting seams.
  • Their parallel arrangement in the FIGURE serves to simplify the view and however any convenient arrangement would be possible, as for instance in the form of crosses or rhombs.
  • the completed element consists exclusively of sheepswool, the particularly advantageous properties of wool are maintained and more particularly the access of air to all parts of the element and the exchange of moisture is possible.
  • This sandwich insulating element 60 is very firm and dimensionally stable and may also be stocked in rolls.
  • the wool is washed prior to processing so that the insulating action is improved as well.
  • the insulating effect may be enhanced by combing.
  • the washed sheepswool is processed with a combing machine to give a continuous fleece sliver coming from the combing machine, which downstream from the combing machine is deposited on a belt, moving transversely in relation to the exit direction of the fleece, in such a manner that the fleece covers the breadth of this transversely extending band or belt in a zig-zag manner.
  • the fleece may in this case be deposited of the lower layer of needled non-woven material.
  • Dependent on the speed of the transversely extending band the result is then a “cross-laid” fleece constituting the core layer 62 of the insulating element with a varying thickness.
  • This cross-laid fleece is placed between the layers 64 and 66 of needled non-woven material or, respectively, after the fleece has been placed on the lower layer, the upper layer is put in position and then the entire sandwiched structure is connected together by needling to constitute a single unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

An insulating element for buildings and more particularly, for walls, ceilings and roofs, consists of a sheepswool fleece which is sandwiched between two layers of needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool. The fleece and the needled non-woven material are connected together by fibers thereof to constitute a unit able to be handled as such.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an insulating element for the thermal insulation of buildings and more particularly for the thermal insulation of the walls, ceilings and roofs thereof.
Thermal insulating materials are available in a large variety of types for buildings and underground structures, technical plant and apparatus and on the one hand serve to prevent losses of heat or cold and therefore energy losses or on the other hand to prevent the undesired effects of heat or cold as far as possible on the structure to be protected, be it for preventing damage to thermally sensitive materials or be it to prevent indirect effects of heat or cold, such as the formation of condensate.
At the present time synthetic materials such as polyurethane foam or also mineral wool and more particularly fiber glass, are utilized on a large scale as an insulating material. Such insulating materials are not only relatively expensive and involve for their production a greater or lesser quantity of energy, but furthermore their production, processing and disposal involve unavoidable impairment of the environment. It has turned out that for instance fiber glass as frequently utilized for thermal insulation of walls, ceilings and roofs of buildings decomposes in the course of time and thus looses its insulating action.
Mineral fiber materials, that is to say glass, stone or slag fiber, are generally impregnated with phenolformaldehyde. Formaldehyde and phenol cause a wide variety of complaints, more particularly in the case of allergic persons, for which reason their use in dwellings is to be avoided.
A particular problem is that fiber glass is frequently damaged by cockroaches, which are difficult to combat. There have been reports on cockroaches creeping through the fiber glass insulation of district heating systems and making their way into the buildings served thereby.
In the case of thermal insulation in dwellings the provision of uncontaminated air for the occupants is of great importance, for which reason the material used for thermal insulation should have a clean bill of health, should be capable of diffusion and should be hygroscopic, that is to say capable of avoiding extremes in the moisture content of indoor air.
There is therefore a requirement for insulating elements, which while having a high insulating effect are simple and low in price and may be produced, utilized and if necessary disposed of taking environmental aspects into account and may be used while maintaining a healthy indoor atmosphere for dwellings as well, for which reason the installation is to be hygienic, capable of diffusion and hygroscopic.
A proposal has already been made to use sheepswool for this purpose as an insulating material.
It has been shown by means of experiments that the use of sheepswool is greatly superior to mineral wool as utilized on a large scale presently for the thermal insulation of buildings. Such sheepswool furthermore is available at a substantially lower price; at present black sheepswool is practically unsalable because it cannot be dyed. Sheepswool is extremely hygienic, is capable of diffusion and tempers the moisture in the atmosphere and is therefore particularly suitable to provide good clean indoor air for dwellings. From the environmental aspect as well sheepswool is one of the raw materials to which there can be no objection as regards processing, use and disposal so that there is no impairment of the environmental cycle.
As regards the aspect of fire prevention there are no objections to the use of sheepswool as an insulating material for buildings. When acted upon by a flame wool carbonizes without self-sustaining combustion so that the fire is not spread. Unlike the case synthetic insulating materials no gases with a narcotic effect are produced. A further point to be considered is that sheepswool when used as an insulating material for building dwellings can generally be completely enclosed by material which is hardly capable of burning.
For the practical use of sheepswool it is important to produce insulating elements which consist exclusively of it in order to profit from the optimum properties thereof without impairment by the inclusion of other materials and which are easy produce, simple to store and simple to ship and more particularly are easily handled during installation.
SHORT SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the present invention is to create such an insulating element.
In order to achieve these and/or other objects appearing from the present specification, claims and drawing, an insulating element for the thermal insulation of a building and more particularly for the thermal insulation of walls, roofs and ceilings consists of a sheepswool fleece, which is sandwiched between two layers of a needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool, the fleece and the non-woven material being joined together by means of their own fibers by needling to constitute a unit which may be handled as such.
The word “needling” is used to mean a process in which by stabbing needles into the planes of the sandwich structure transversely fibers of material are drawn from the one layer and pulled into the respective adjacent layer in order to join the layers without the use of extraneous materials.
The insulating material in accordance with the invention is particularly advantageous since the entire element consists exclusively of sheepswool with its high coefficient of thermal insulation, its self-extinguishing properties and its low flammability. In this respect a particularly high thermal insulating effect is achieved by the sheepswool fleece because it prossesses a more particularly voluminous structure. A sheepswool fleece per se however not only has a poor dimensional stability but furthermore its surface is easily damaged so that it is not easy to manipulate. It is only in the sandwiched structure of the element involving the inclusion of the sheepswool fleece between the two layers of a needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool and the connection of these components by their own fibers using needles that there is a stable and readily handled unit.
In this respect, dependent on the purpose of use, the thickness of the insulating element may be varied by altering the thickness of the fleece.
Such insulating elements can be suitably configured for the respective application or for instance be designed with combinable rectangular dimensions with graduations in thickness for the construction of sheet-like insulating zones on the walls of buildings, ceilings or roofs. The insulating element is more particularly simple to handle, if for instance it is manufactured as a running length or a sheet able to be cut to size with a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the desired respective insulating zone and for instance warehoused in rolls with a range of graduated thicknesses.
The dimensional stability is improved in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention if the fleece is laid crosswise, meaning that the fleece, in which the fibers essentially have an alignment in one direction, and is so arranged in at least two superposed layers that the fiber directions of the two layers intersect each other. By needling the layers they are fixed in such position.
Preferably the connection produced by needling between the needle non-woven material and the fleece is limited to selected connection zones, which are for instance generally distributed like quilting seams so that the voluminous structure of the sheepswool fleece is preserved as far as possible.
Preferably, furthermore, the wool utilized is employed in the washed condition and moreover it is possible for the wool to be combed in order to improve its insulating effect.
Further advantageous developments and convenient forms of the invention will be gathered from the following detailed account of one embodiment thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The single FIGURE of the drawing shows an insulating element consisting of a sheepswool fleece between covers manufactured of needled non-woven material.
DETAILED ACCOUNT OF WORKING EXAMPLE OF THE INVENTION
In this respect it is a question of an insulating element 60, which is suitable for installation in any desired structure and preferably in the form of a sheet or board for use as roof insulation, which consists of a core layer 62 in the form of a horizontally cross-laid sheepswool fleece sandwiched between respective layers 64 and 66 of needled non-woven material or needled felt, also consisting of sheepswool. After arrangement of the three layers they are connected together by needling in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the layers to constitute a unit which may be handled as such. The needling operation means that the inherent fibers of the material are pulled inwards transversely in relation to the layers through the interfaces between the layers as is for instance diagrammatically illustrated taking the fibers 68 as an example.
In order to maintain the high volume of the fleece structure the needling operation for connecting the three layers is only performed in selected zone 70 which are generally distributed in the form of quilting seams. Their parallel arrangement in the FIGURE serves to simplify the view and however any convenient arrangement would be possible, as for instance in the form of crosses or rhombs.
Since the completed element consists exclusively of sheepswool, the particularly advantageous properties of wool are maintained and more particularly the access of air to all parts of the element and the exchange of moisture is possible.
This sandwich insulating element 60 is very firm and dimensionally stable and may also be stocked in rolls.
Preferably the wool is washed prior to processing so that the insulating action is improved as well. Furthermore, the insulating effect may be enhanced by combing.
In accordance with a preferred method of production the washed sheepswool is processed with a combing machine to give a continuous fleece sliver coming from the combing machine, which downstream from the combing machine is deposited on a belt, moving transversely in relation to the exit direction of the fleece, in such a manner that the fleece covers the breadth of this transversely extending band or belt in a zig-zag manner. The fleece may in this case be deposited of the lower layer of needled non-woven material. Dependent on the speed of the transversely extending band the result is then a “cross-laid” fleece constituting the core layer 62 of the insulating element with a varying thickness. This cross-laid fleece is placed between the layers 64 and 66 of needled non-woven material or, respectively, after the fleece has been placed on the lower layer, the upper layer is put in position and then the entire sandwiched structure is connected together by needling to constitute a single unit.

Claims (8)

What is claimed is:
1. An insulating element for buildings comprising:
a sheepswool fleece sandwiched between two layers of needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool, the fleece and the needled non-woven material being connected together by fibers thereof to constitute a unit.
2. The insulating element as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fleece is cross-laid.
3. The insulating element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection produced by needling between the needled non-woven material and the fleece is limited to selected connection zones.
4. The insulating element as claimed in claim 3, wherein the connection zones are distributed generally in the form of quilting seams.
5. An insulating element for buildings comprising:
a sheepswool fleece positioned against at least one layer of needled non-woven material consisting of sheepswool, the fleece and the needled non-woven material being connected together by fibers thereof to constitute an unit.
6. The insulating element as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fleece is cross-laid.
7. The insulating element as claimed in claim 5, wherein the connection produced by needling between the needled non-woven material and the fleece is limited to selected connection zones.
8. The insulating element as claimed in claim 7, wherein the connection zones are distributed generally in the form of quilting seams.
US08/386,302 1992-03-13 1995-02-08 Insulating element for building Expired - Lifetime USRE37139E1 (en)

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US07/851,076 US5246760A (en) 1991-03-13 1992-03-13 Insulating element for building
US08/386,302 USRE37139E1 (en) 1992-03-13 1995-02-08 Insulating element for building

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070096491A1 (en) * 2003-06-11 2007-05-03 Komatsu Ltd. Interior member for cab of work vehicle and method for forming same as well as wall member
US20070254548A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Bgf Industries, Inc. Method for forming a relatively thick, lightweight, nonwoven insulating mat
US20120018103A1 (en) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 Ashelin Charles J Flexible room dividers
US20120080262A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2012-04-05 Dirk Soltau Method for Producing a Lightweight, Sound Insulating Covering for Motor Vehicles and Corresponding Covering
US9551181B2 (en) * 2015-05-27 2017-01-24 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Joint seals for flexible wall panels

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US1454049A (en) 1921-02-11 1923-05-08 Morris & Company Upholstery material
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US5034085A (en) 1985-05-03 1991-07-23 Brauchl-Fertighaus Vertriebsgesellschaft M.B.H. & Co. Kg Method of making a composite wall structure and a building prefabricated therewith
US5100016A (en) 1989-12-12 1992-03-31 Rock-Tenn Company Insulating blanket for shipping container
US5139839A (en) 1988-04-20 1992-08-18 Applied Insulation Pty Ltd. Thermal insulation blanket
US5246760A (en) 1991-03-13 1993-09-21 Ludwig Krickl Insulating element for building

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US1454049A (en) 1921-02-11 1923-05-08 Morris & Company Upholstery material
US3483601A (en) 1965-07-20 1969-12-16 Fiberwoven Corp Process for making a non-woven fabric structure
US5034085A (en) 1985-05-03 1991-07-23 Brauchl-Fertighaus Vertriebsgesellschaft M.B.H. & Co. Kg Method of making a composite wall structure and a building prefabricated therewith
US5139839A (en) 1988-04-20 1992-08-18 Applied Insulation Pty Ltd. Thermal insulation blanket
US5100016A (en) 1989-12-12 1992-03-31 Rock-Tenn Company Insulating blanket for shipping container
US5246760A (en) 1991-03-13 1993-09-21 Ludwig Krickl Insulating element for building

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070096491A1 (en) * 2003-06-11 2007-05-03 Komatsu Ltd. Interior member for cab of work vehicle and method for forming same as well as wall member
US20090200826A1 (en) * 2003-06-11 2009-08-13 Komatsu Ltd. Interior member for cab of work vehicle and method for forming same, as well as wall member
US7575266B2 (en) * 2003-06-11 2009-08-18 Komatsu Ltd. Interior member for cab of work vehicle and method for forming same as well as wall member
US7686992B2 (en) 2003-06-11 2010-03-30 Komatsu Ltd. Interior member for cab of work vehicle and method for forming same, as well as wall member
US7753426B2 (en) 2003-06-11 2010-07-13 Komatsu Ltd. Interior member for cab of work vehicle and method for forming same, as well as wall member
US20120080262A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2012-04-05 Dirk Soltau Method for Producing a Lightweight, Sound Insulating Covering for Motor Vehicles and Corresponding Covering
US8276710B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2012-10-02 Bayer Materialscience Ag Method for producing a lightweight, sound insulating covering for motor vehicles and corresponding covering
US20070254548A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Bgf Industries, Inc. Method for forming a relatively thick, lightweight, nonwoven insulating mat
US7493679B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2009-02-24 Bgf Industries, Inc. Method for forming a relatively thick, lightweight, nonwoven insulating mat
US20120018103A1 (en) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 Ashelin Charles J Flexible room dividers
US8991467B2 (en) * 2010-07-21 2015-03-31 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Flexible room dividers
US9551181B2 (en) * 2015-05-27 2017-01-24 Rite-Hite Holding Corporation Joint seals for flexible wall panels

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