USRE32529E - Process for the electromagnetic casting of metals involving the use of at least one magnetic field which differs from the field of confinement - Google Patents

Process for the electromagnetic casting of metals involving the use of at least one magnetic field which differs from the field of confinement Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE32529E
USRE32529E US06/865,375 US86537586A USRE32529E US RE32529 E USRE32529 E US RE32529E US 86537586 A US86537586 A US 86537586A US RE32529 E USRE32529 E US RE32529E
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United States
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field
metal
process according
molten metal
frequency
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Expired - Fee Related
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US06/865,375
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Vives
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Rio Tinto France SAS
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Aluminium Pechiney SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/01—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces
    • B22D11/015—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces using magnetic field for conformation, i.e. the metal is not in contact with a mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the electromagnetic casting of metals involving the use of at least one magnetic field which differs from the field of confinement.
  • the magnetic field provides a means of inducing electromagnetic pressure within the primary casting area to prevent the molten metal from spreading and thus impart a certain geometry to the metal.
  • the metal When the metal, confined in that manner, is subjected to a cooling effect by a suitable cooling agent, it then solidifies, following the form imposed by the field.
  • the articles produced are generally ingots which have a better surface condition and which, in some cases, may be used directly in dimensional transformation operations without the need to have recourse to particular surface treatments, such as for example a scalping operation.
  • the liquid metal is held in a confined condition by applying an electromagnetic field which is generated by means of an annular inductor supplied with an alternating current at a frequency which is generally between 500 and 5000 Hertz.
  • the inductor exerts its action on the liquid metal which is supplied by means of a distributor feed assembly and which issues in the form of a column at the lower part of a screen means which is of substantially similar section to the ingot to be cast, and has the same axis.
  • the process according to the invention involves using both a stationary field and a variable field at a suitable frequency for both producing radial vibrations within the metal which still not in a solid condition, and limiting the mixing effect.
  • the stationary field is in a substantially vertical direction and is generated by an annular coil supplied with continuous current, comprising a number of turns sufficient to attain values of less than 0.5 tesla.
  • the horizontal section of the coil is similar to that of the screen means and it is disposed above the latter and concentrically with respect to the axis of the ingot.
  • the field may be modified by the addition of an iron core of annular shape, within the coil.
  • the invention is not limited to just the application of a stationary field, but also that of a variable field at a suitable frequency for producing radial vibrations and limiting the mixing effect.
  • variable field which is in a direction parallel to the axis of the ingot, is produced by means of a coil which is supplied with an alternating current at a low frequency, that is to say, between 5 and 100 Hertz. It will be appreciated that, for reasons of convenience, the industrial frequency of 50 Hz is usually used.
  • That coil which is also an annular coil, is disposed concentrically within the coil that is supplied with direct current, and at a mean height which is at the limit between the screen means and the coil supplied with direct current. It is possible for that coil to be omitted, by supplying the screen means directly with alternating current, so that it then becomes the variable field operator, that substitution making it easier to introduce an iron core in the direct current coil.
  • variable field which is generated either by the coil or by the screen means extends its electromagnetic action to the whole of the liquid metal, whereby the rotational movement of the metal is no longer limited to the vicinity of the periphery of the ingot, as with the confinement field, but occurs as far as the axis of the ingot.
  • the rotational movement is in the opposite direction to the movement produced by the confinement field; the result of such antagonistic effects is a reduction in the magnitude of the eddy effect and the mixing action which are found to take place in conventional electromagnetic casting. That action, which therefore involves the entire section of the ingot, results in refining of the grain of the metal and a higher degree of homogeneity in crystallisation.
  • the speed of transfer of the metal in the eddies decreases and dislocation of the oxide skin, even if it is not completely eliminated, is no longer followed by general dissemination within the metal of the particles resulting therefrom, hence reducing the pitting phenomena.
  • variable field also performs other functions. It gives rise in the metal to an induced current, the lines of force of which are concentric circles. Under the combined action of the stationary field and the induced current, forces which are radial in direction and of a frequency N equal to the frequency of the variable field are developed. Likewise, by virtue of interaction of the variable field and the induced current, both at a frequency N, variable radial forces are also created, but at a frequency 2N. Such forced vibrations have the effect of refining the metal grain size.
  • variable field it is possible for the variable field to be generated by means of a coil supplied with an alternating current at a frequency of higher than 100 Hertz. In that case, the degree of penetration of the electromagnetic field into the metal will be reduced in proportion to increasing frequency. The combined action of the stationary field and the induced current is then greatly reduced and the forced vibrations are virtually non-existent.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view through a vertical plane through the axis of the ingot, of an electromagnetic casting apparatus according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • a metal ingot 1 the upper part 2 of which is in a liquid condition.
  • the ingot is surrounded by an inductor 3 which generates the electromagnetic confinement field, a screen means 4 and a cooling system 5.
  • the field generates eddies or vortices 6 in the liquid metal.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same means as described above, together with the addition of the means according to the invention, namely an iron core 11, a core 7 which is supplied with direct current and a coil 8 which is supplied with alternating current.
  • the field generated by the coil 8 produces circulation of the metal along the path indicated by 9, while radial vibrations are developed, as indicated at 10.
  • a first part was produced with the application of a confinement field at a frequency of 2000 Hertz, generated at a voltage of 28 volts and with a current strength of 4900 amperes.
  • an annular coil disposed above the screen means was supplied with direct current at a voltage of 24 volts, the current strength being 17500 ampere turns, to produce a stationary or steady field of 0.04 tesla.
  • Another coil disposed within the first coil, at a height close to the top of the screen means was supplied, at a voltage of 75 volts, with a current of 3800 ampere turns, at a frequency of 50 Hertz, to generate a variable field.
  • the second part of the billet had only dendritic equi-axis grains while the first part also included equi-axis grains without dendrites; in addition the number of grains had also been multiplied by 8, while the surface condition was substantially improved, being without either pitting or roughness.
  • the present invention can be used in the electromagnetic casting of metals and alloys in the form of plates, billets, ingots, etc., when both the structure and the surface condition of the cast products are to be improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
US06/865,375 1982-07-23 1986-05-21 Process for the electromagnetic casting of metals involving the use of at least one magnetic field which differs from the field of confinement Expired - Fee Related USRE32529E (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8213220A FR2530510B1 (fr) 1982-07-23 1982-07-23 Procede de coulee electromagnetique de metaux dans lequel on fait agir au moins un champ magnetique different du champ de confinement
FR8213220 1982-07-23

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/511,397 Reissue US4530404A (en) 1983-07-07 1983-07-07 Process for the electromagnetic casting of metals involving the use of at least one magnetic field which differs from the field of confinement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
USRE32529E true USRE32529E (en) 1987-10-27

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US06/865,375 Expired - Fee Related USRE32529E (en) 1982-07-23 1986-05-21 Process for the electromagnetic casting of metals involving the use of at least one magnetic field which differs from the field of confinement

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) USRE32529E (fr)
EP (1) EP0100289B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5935865A (fr)
AT (1) ATE16771T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU570210B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1203069A (fr)
DE (1) DE3361420D1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2530510B1 (fr)
SU (1) SU1416050A3 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5246060A (en) * 1991-11-13 1993-09-21 Aluminum Company Of America Process for ingot casting employing a magnetic field for reducing macrosegregation and associated apparatus and ingot
US5390725A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-02-21 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ltd. Casting machine for vertical continuous casting in a magnetic field
US5836376A (en) * 1995-07-19 1998-11-17 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. Method and apparatus for giving vibration to molten metal in twin roll continuous casting machine
US6399017B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2002-06-04 Aemp Corporation Method and apparatus for containing and ejecting a thixotropic metal slurry
US6402367B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2002-06-11 Aemp Corporation Method and apparatus for magnetically stirring a thixotropic metal slurry
US6432160B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2002-08-13 Aemp Corporation Method and apparatus for making a thixotropic metal slurry
US6611736B1 (en) 2000-07-01 2003-08-26 Aemp Corporation Equal order method for fluid flow simulation
US6619377B1 (en) * 1999-11-25 2003-09-16 The Japan Research And Development Center For Metals Method for vertical continuous casting of metals using electromagnetic fields and casting installation therefor
US20040108630A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-10 Kasprzak Marcin Stanislaw Electromagnetic method and apparatus for treatment of engineering materials, porducts, and related processes
US6796362B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2004-09-28 Brunswick Corporation Apparatus for producing a metallic slurry material for use in semi-solid forming of shaped parts
US6845809B1 (en) 1999-02-17 2005-01-25 Aemp Corporation Apparatus for and method of producing on-demand semi-solid material for castings
US7024342B1 (en) 2000-07-01 2006-04-04 Mercury Marine Thermal flow simulation for casting/molding processes
US10464127B2 (en) * 2014-05-21 2019-11-05 Novelis Inc. Non-contacting molten metal flow control

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2530510B1 (fr) * 1982-07-23 1985-07-05 Cegedur Procede de coulee electromagnetique de metaux dans lequel on fait agir au moins un champ magnetique different du champ de confinement
FR2570304B1 (fr) * 1984-09-19 1986-11-14 Cegedur Procede de reglage du niveau de la ligne de contact de la surface libre du metal avec la lingotiere dans une coulee verticale
JP6234841B2 (ja) * 2014-02-24 2017-11-22 株式会社神戸製鋼所 チタンまたはチタン合金からなる鋳塊の連続鋳造装置
FR3051698B1 (fr) * 2016-05-30 2020-12-25 Constellium Issoire Procede de fabrication de lingots de laminage par coulee verticale d'un alliage d'aluminium

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4319625A (en) * 1980-01-14 1982-03-16 Olin Corporation Electromagnetic casting process utilizing an active transformer-driven copper shield
US4544016A (en) * 1983-04-21 1985-10-01 Yetselev Zinovy N Continuous casting process and apparatus

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1807435A1 (de) * 1968-11-07 1970-10-01 Demag Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Metall-,insbesondere Stahl-Stranggiessen
EP0008376B2 (fr) * 1978-07-28 1989-04-05 Concast Holding Ag Procédé de coulée continue de métal dans une lingotière et action d'un champ électro-magnétique
DE2914246C2 (de) * 1979-03-07 1981-11-12 Schweizerische Aluminium AG, 3965 Chippis Elektromagnetische Stranggießkokille
SE436251B (sv) * 1980-05-19 1984-11-26 Asea Ab Sett och anordning for omrorning av de icke stelnade partierna av en gjutstreng
US4373571A (en) * 1980-12-04 1983-02-15 Olin Corporation Apparatus and process for electromagnetically shaping a molten material within a narrow containment zone
FR2530510B1 (fr) * 1982-07-23 1985-07-05 Cegedur Procede de coulee electromagnetique de metaux dans lequel on fait agir au moins un champ magnetique different du champ de confinement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4319625A (en) * 1980-01-14 1982-03-16 Olin Corporation Electromagnetic casting process utilizing an active transformer-driven copper shield
US4544016A (en) * 1983-04-21 1985-10-01 Yetselev Zinovy N Continuous casting process and apparatus

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5246060A (en) * 1991-11-13 1993-09-21 Aluminum Company Of America Process for ingot casting employing a magnetic field for reducing macrosegregation and associated apparatus and ingot
US5375647A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-12-27 Aluminum Company Of America Process for ingot casting employing a magnetic field for reducing macrosegregation and associated apparatus and ingot
US5390725A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-02-21 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ltd. Casting machine for vertical continuous casting in a magnetic field
US5836376A (en) * 1995-07-19 1998-11-17 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. Method and apparatus for giving vibration to molten metal in twin roll continuous casting machine
US6845809B1 (en) 1999-02-17 2005-01-25 Aemp Corporation Apparatus for and method of producing on-demand semi-solid material for castings
US6619377B1 (en) * 1999-11-25 2003-09-16 The Japan Research And Development Center For Metals Method for vertical continuous casting of metals using electromagnetic fields and casting installation therefor
US6432160B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2002-08-13 Aemp Corporation Method and apparatus for making a thixotropic metal slurry
US6991670B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2006-01-31 Brunswick Corporation Method and apparatus for making a thixotropic metal slurry
US6402367B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2002-06-11 Aemp Corporation Method and apparatus for magnetically stirring a thixotropic metal slurry
US6637927B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2003-10-28 Innovative Products Group, Llc Method and apparatus for magnetically stirring a thixotropic metal slurry
US7169350B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2007-01-30 Brunswick Corporation Method and apparatus for making a thixotropic metal slurry
US6796362B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2004-09-28 Brunswick Corporation Apparatus for producing a metallic slurry material for use in semi-solid forming of shaped parts
US6399017B1 (en) 2000-06-01 2002-06-04 Aemp Corporation Method and apparatus for containing and ejecting a thixotropic metal slurry
US20050151308A1 (en) * 2000-06-01 2005-07-14 Norville Samuel M. Method and apparatus for making a thixotropic metal slurry
US6932938B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2005-08-23 Mercury Marine Method and apparatus for containing and ejecting a thixotropic metal slurry
US7132077B2 (en) 2000-06-01 2006-11-07 Brunswick Corporation Method and apparatus for containing and ejecting a thixotropic metal slurry
US20060038328A1 (en) * 2000-06-01 2006-02-23 Jian Lu Method and apparatus for magnetically stirring a thixotropic metal slurry
US7024342B1 (en) 2000-07-01 2006-04-04 Mercury Marine Thermal flow simulation for casting/molding processes
US6611736B1 (en) 2000-07-01 2003-08-26 Aemp Corporation Equal order method for fluid flow simulation
US20040108630A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-06-10 Kasprzak Marcin Stanislaw Electromagnetic method and apparatus for treatment of engineering materials, porducts, and related processes
US7255828B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2007-08-14 Marcin Stanislaw Kasprzak Electromagnetic method and apparatus for treatment of engineering materials, products, and related processes
US10464127B2 (en) * 2014-05-21 2019-11-05 Novelis Inc. Non-contacting molten metal flow control
US10835954B2 (en) 2014-05-21 2020-11-17 Novelis Inc. Mixing eductor nozzle and flow control device
US11383296B2 (en) 2014-05-21 2022-07-12 Novelis, Inc. Non-contacting molten metal flow control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0160337B2 (fr) 1989-12-22
SU1416050A3 (ru) 1988-08-07
EP0100289A2 (fr) 1984-02-08
FR2530510A1 (fr) 1984-01-27
DE3361420D1 (en) 1986-01-16
AU570210B2 (en) 1988-03-10
EP0100289B1 (fr) 1985-12-04
ATE16771T1 (de) 1985-12-15
CA1203069A (fr) 1986-04-15
JPS5935865A (ja) 1984-02-27
FR2530510B1 (fr) 1985-07-05
EP0100289A3 (en) 1984-04-11
AU1716483A (en) 1984-01-26

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