USRE268E - Improvement in sewing-machines - Google Patents

Description

BEST @SPY MoREY & mHNsoN.

Sewing Machine. L

No. 268. Ressued June 27, 1854.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFIOE.

i. M. SINGER AND EDWARD OLAEK, AOE NEW YORK, N. Y., AssiGNEES OF oHAs. MOREY AND Jos. B. JOHNSON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT INSEWINGMACHINES.

Spcciicaton forming part of Letters Patent No. (3,099, dated February d, 1819; Reissue No. 26S, dated June 2 7, 1854.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that CHARLES MOREY and, JOSEPH B. JOHNSON, of Boston, in the county of. Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, did in vent a new and useful machine for sewing cloth o'r any other material or materials to/ which it may be applicable; and we do hereby declare that the same is fully described andy represented in the following specification and accom an inv drawin s letters figures andy operated, together with that by which the Fig. 6 is a horizontal sec# cloth-baris moved. tion taken just above the needle and the hook, to be hereinafter described.

The kind of sewing which is effected by our machine iswhat is generallyknown under the name of chain-stitch -th at is say, the thread is passed through the cloth in the form of loops, each one of which is passed through the one next to it and in rear of it. of the loops or stitches and their interlacement are produced in a very simple manner by the united Operations of a needle and a hook, as we shall hereinafter explain. l

In the drawings above mentioned, A ex hibits a frame, of metal or other proper material, made in a manner suitable to sustain the operative parts applied to it. A drivingshaft, B, extends across the frame A, and has its journals supported in suitable bearings applied to the sides of the frame.

belt made to run over a pulley, C. A lfly-` wheel, D, is placed upon the said shaft in the position as seen in the drawings.

Thefirst element or part of the machine by which the stitch or loop is passed through the cloth is the needle. I It is seen at a. f Itis made like a common needle, with the exception that the eye or hole e, which receives the thread b,

2 is a lfront l The formation k The saidv shaft is to be put in'operation by a crank or` is made throughthe-needle very near` to its point, as seen in Fig. 7, which denotes a top view of the needle. Just in rear of the eyehole the needle is bentor has a slight depression, as seen at c in Fig. 8, which denotes a side view'of the needle. The needle is supported in a horizontal position, yas seen in the drawings, by acurved arm, d, which projects from a standard, f, erected upon a horizontal slide-plate or carriage, g,`which should be suitably su stained between parallel guides or Ways, so as to be capable of lbeing moved back and forth in a direction at rightangles to the front face or side of the machine. rectilinear motion is imparted to the said carriage (and of course to the needle) by a grooved cam, h, and a stud, t", which projects down from the under side of the carriage and in-to the groove ofthe cam, The said cam is represented inside view in Fig. 9, and in top view in Fig, 10.

The thread bis wound upon a bobbin, K, fixed upon a horizontal shaft, Z, which is sup-4 ported by and revolves infbearings made in two metallic standards, m a, arranged as seen in .the drawings. On one end of the said shaft Zthere is a friction-pulley, o, against the pe'- riphery of which a spring, p, is made to bear with more orA less force, according to the amount of friction required to drag the thread close into the cloth as the loops or stitches are successively formed. From the bobbin the thread is passed through Va hole or eye on the end of `a spring, q, made to project from the top of a post, r. Y

downward through guides s t on the armgd, and is carried upward through the eye of the needle, as seen in the drawings.

The hook, which operates in connection with the needle, becomes the next element for explanation. It is seen at t. It is arranged at right angles to the needle, and is jointed (so as to play vertically) at its rear end to a slideplate or carriage, a, whichis supported in suitable guides which admit ,of itsbein'g moved in a direction parallel to the front face of the frame. ments ofthe carriage u and the hook t are produced by the followingdescribed mechanism: The front end of, the carriage u is jointed to A reciprocating `lhence the threadpasses The reciprocating rectilinear movel Y' cause a row of stitches or a line of sewing to be produced in said cloth.

the upper arm of a lever, fu, which moves on a fulcrum', un The lower end of said lever rests against the periphery of a small cam or wiper, w', placed upon the main orfdriving shaft, just in rear'of the front side plate of the frame.

' The other end of the carriage c is connected to one end ofthe spring m, whose opposite end is attached to the frame. Now, whentheicam w is revolved it acts against the lower 'arm of the levert in such manner as to cause said le ver to move Von its fulcrum so as to produce an advance of the carriage u and the hook t in a direction toward the needle. The spring retracts the carriage after the extreme eccentric'part of the cam has passed by or acted upon the lever. A top view of the hook is 4 represented in Fig. 11 and a front sideview y They-said hook is made in a peculiar manner-that is.` to say, it has its point of it in Fig. 12.

z bent down below or so as to make an angle with the shank a', as represented in Fig. 12.

This is necessary in order to enable the, hook to seij/.e the thread' on the needle when the hook l isretractedy or drawn` back over the needle. g The loop which is formed upon said hook is` l caused by the peculiar construction of the'hook to turn into a vertical position, so as to allow i the needle to pass through it when it next ad- The shank of the hook is also formed VLHCQS. with a small projecting bend, as seen at b', l

Fig. 12, which bend rests and moves up and down upon an inclined or curved plane, c', disposed under the hook, as seen in Fig. 5.

' The object of the said bend b and the vsaid plane, c is to allow the hook to descend a little directly after it has been drawn back Yfrom and l beyond the needle, in order that the opening i of the loop,.resting onv the hook, may be made large enough to insure the passage of the nee- 5 dle through the loop the next time said neef die is advanced. A spring, d', is arranged as seen in Fig. 5, so as to press upon the' hook and cause it to drop downward at the proper time. The cloth, when punctured by the needle, is supportedby a'plate, d, which has a 1 small hole, e', made through it for the passage of the needle.

c* is a curved arm or spring, which projects down in front of the .cloth and near the needle, holding it to the feed-bar by a-yielding pressure, and to bevrused in place of the rigid plate 1 heretofore employed for the purpose.

The next portion of the mechanism to be specified is that by which the cloth is sup ported and regularly or properly advanced or moved laterally in one direction in order to The cloth bar or carriage which supports the cloth is seen at f', Figs. 1 and 2. An elevation of the rear side of it is exhibited in Fig.`13. It

Vconsists of a long bar arranged, as seen in the drawings, and suitably supported, so as to be capableof beingrmov'ed horizontally, Vand ina plane parallel to that of thefront side of` the frame. In other words,it has a dovetailed tenlr`omg, projecting fromits rear side, and extend# lin Figs. 4 and 13.

hook at t, andthethreadat a3.

Ving from one end of it to the other end of it, ,which tenon moves in a corresponding dovetailed groove made in the frame. of teeth, h, is affixed to and projects rearward from the inside face of the said tenon, as seen The'front or outside face of the cloth-bar has a series of clamps, i i', &c.,

or other proper .contrivances applied to it for the purpose of holding or confining to the bar the two pieces of cloth to be sewed together. Each of the said clampsconsists of a jaw hinged tothe plate and forced against the lplate or cloth-.bar by a set-screw, k', which is made to pass through the jaw or clamp, and to screw into the bar. A spring, Z, on each screw, and

arranged between the clamps and bar, serves to Y press Ithe clamp away from the cloth when the screw is loosened. The said bar isl alternately moved the length of` each stitch (when the needle is out of the cloth) and suffered to remain at rest while the needle is passing into, through, and out of the cloth, the saine being effected in the following mannerz' A A pawl, m', is hingedto the top of `a leverm', which turns upon a fulcrum, o', all as seen in Fig. -5. The said pawl operates in the rack 11,', and is forced up against the same by a spring, p. The lever n has a retractive spring, q', affixed to it and the frame A. The said lever is actuated'by the cam or wiper w,before mentioned, which, during its revolution, so acts against the lever as to cause it to move the pawl and rack or cross bar a short distance. The extent of retraction of the lever and pawl, and,of course, the length of each stitch of sewing, is regulated by a screw, o', which screws through a fixed stud or projection, s, and abuts 'against the lever just above its fulcruin. By v- 'means'of the said screw the'pawl may be made at 'each retraction of it to slip over one, two, or

more teeth of the rack of teeth, as occasion may require, in order that when the pawl is impelled forward it shall move the rack and cloth The movement bar a corresponding distance. of the rack-bar maybe arrested at any time by j means of a wire, t2, which issuspended tothe pawl, itv heilig necessary merely to pull on said wire, so as'to draw thepawlfout of action upon the-rack.

Having thus described the manner in which our said sewing-machine is constructed, we

1 shall now proceed to explain the methodof `forming the loop and each successive stitch of a series or rowof stitches. Y

Fig. 14 represents on a large scale a diagram vof the mode of forming loops and their interi lacement. In the said ligure, a2 bl are supposed to represent sections of two pieces of cloth vto be sewed together. The needle is seen at a, the As soon vas the needle has been passed entirely through the two pieces of cloth a2 b2, and to the extent of its motion forward, thehook t is made to advance and to pass above and over and across the needle and the thread lying on the `upper side of it. This being accomplished, the hook is next retracted and suffered to fall vertically suffi- A long rack v 26's' L Y f 3' ciently to enable the point of it to pass into the l In the above machine/,we claim as our inven- 1 f depression c, Fig. 87 and below the thread, (lying over said depression,) so as to catch or hook said thread and draw it laterally into the shape of a loop, as seen at c2, Fig. 14. The needle is next retracted or drawn out of the cloth, and the latter moved laterally the length of the next stitch. The needle is nextforced forward through the cloth and the loop which7 by the peculiar form ation of the hook, Will have been so turned upward as'to permit the needle to pass through it. The hook is next advanced and leaves the loop upon the needle7 and again seizes the threadron the upper side of the needle, yand is retracted and forms a fresh loop the process of looping and interlacing the loops being so continued until the Whole line of loops is completed. The slack of thread will be taken up by the'aetion of the spring q,whilethetight ness of the draft of it on the cloth will be regulated by the amount of friction exerted on the bobbin-shaft by the friction-spring p and pulley o.

tionn l. The combination of aneedle, a,and ahook, t', as constructed and made to operatetogether substantially in the manner and for the purpose v of sewing cloth, or any other material or materials capable of being sewed, as specified.

2.' fe are aware that an adjustable bar has been made use of to hold th'e cloth to the elothbar and prevent it from being yretracted by the Withdrawal of the needle, and We therefore lay claim to no such device; but what We do claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is the springv or curved arm er, for the purpose of holding the cloth to the surface of the feeding apparatus by a yielding pressure, in the manner set forth.

ISAAC M. SINGER.

. EDVARD CLARK.

Vii'nesses:

H. C. BANKS,` J. Damos.

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