USRE25436E - chasek - Google Patents

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Publication number
USRE25436E
USRE25436E US25436DE USRE25436E US RE25436 E USRE25436 E US RE25436E US 25436D E US25436D E US 25436DE US RE25436 E USRE25436 E US RE25436E
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Prior art keywords
discriminator
circuit
frequency
circuits
resonant
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D3/00—Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations
    • H03D3/02—Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations by detecting phase difference between two signals obtained from input signal
    • H03D3/06—Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations by detecting phase difference between two signals obtained from input signal by combining signals additively or in product demodulators
    • H03D3/08—Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations by detecting phase difference between two signals obtained from input signal by combining signals additively or in product demodulators by means of diodes, e.g. Foster-Seeley discriminator

Definitions

  • This invention relates to discriminators for frequency modulation receivers and more particularly to improvements in balanced discriminators for such use.
  • the object of the present invention to improve the linearity, stability, and power cap-ability of balanced discriminators for frequency modulation reception.
  • a discriminator including at least a pair of amplifiers having resonant circuits connected in their outputs and tuned to frequencies dverent from each other and from the center frequency of the wave to be demodulated.
  • the input circuits of the two amplifiers are interconnected and include, in a common branch, at third resonant circuit tuned to the center frequency, the bandwidth or quality (Q) of the output resonant circuits being at least double the quality of the input resonant circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a discriminator embodying the features of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a balanced discriminator according to the invention.
  • FIG, 3 is a graph by which the performance of the discriminator of the invention can be compared with that of a convenional balanced discriminator.
  • a maximally linear discriminator results when a balanced circuit configuration is employed and where the third derivative of the input-output characteristic of each half of this circuit is zero.
  • a single pole resonant circuit is placed in the input circuit in such a way as to be common to the inputs of the two amplifier devices, design for optimum performance may be accomplished by setassignor to Bell New York,
  • FIG. 1 a basic discriminator circuit according to the invention wherein vacuum tubes 10 and 12 serve as amplifying means.
  • the grids of these two tubes are connected together and to the output of a conventional limiter 14 by way of a com mon circuit including an inductor 16 and a capacitor 18.
  • Inductor 16 and capacitor 18 represent a single pole resonant circuit and it will be understood that at least the capacitor may constitute the stray input capacitance of amplifier tubes 10 and 12.
  • This input resonant circuit is tuned to a frequency t which is the center frequency or the frequency of the intermediate frequency carrier, which is frequency modulated by waves to be detected.
  • tuned circuits 20 and 22 tuned to frequencies which will be determined hereinafter but which both differ from f by an amount Af
  • the outputs of the two amplifiers 10 and 12 are rectified in the usual manner in diodes 24 and 26, respectively, and combine in resistors 28 and 38 to provide a balanced output in the usual manner.
  • Equation 3 If the appropriate derivatives of Equation 1 are substituted in Equation 3 and D is set equal to zero, an equation in quadratic form may be obtained and solutions for X, the resonances which will eliminate third order distortion, may be obtained, these being given by l fK, K, 3K, +1;,:) z il R- 2 Only the positive values of X are taken as solutions and it becomes necessary to determine the separation of these resonances for any particular discriminator. The two values can be moved arbitrarily close to each other by making a lan K1 WW 5) where 6 approaches zero. The best value 6 is that which minimizes higher order distortion terms and still keeps the third order term equal to zero or near this value.
  • Equation 6 is substituted into Equation 4 and 6 is made equal to zero, then K X equals 2 and The performance of the discriminator may be contrasted with that of conventional prior balanced circuits by reference to the error curves of FIG. 3 in which the right-hand curve represents the discriminator of the invention and the left-hand curve represents a discriminator employing the design criterion suggested in section 4.3 of Frequency Modulation by L. B. Arguimbau and R. D. Stuart, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1956.
  • Z(()) is the first derivative of Z(f) taken at the frequency where the third order distortion is zero.
  • the circuit of FIG. 2 represents a discriminator according to the invention designed for a IO-megacycle pass band centered at 70 megacycles and having a peak frequency deviation of 2.5 megacycles. It is determined that good linearity will result even with some allowance for drift in the carrier frequency f if a value of is taken at 0.45, where Af is the frequency deviation and Af is the separation of the resonant peak from the center frequency. From the above, Af becomes 5.55 megacycles and the resonant peaks occur at 64.45 megacycles and 75.55 megacycles.
  • the quality, Q of the tuned cir cuit connected in the plate of the amplifier may be determined from Equation 8 as follows:
  • a discriminator comprising first and second amplifying means, each having an output circuit and at least a control element, means interconnecting said control elements to form a common input path, a first resonant input circuit having a quality Q and tuned to the carrier frequency f of the incoming frequency modulated waves in said common input circuit, individual resonant circuits connected in the output circuits of said first and second amplifying means, respectively, and tuned to frequencies other than f said other frequencies differing from i by a quantity Af and having equal qualities Q equal to the quality of said input resonant circuit Q being of the order of GI'lfi-lhfilf the quality of Q 2.
  • a discriminator comprising first and second amplifiers, each having an input circuit and an output circuit, means interconnecting said input circuits to form a common input path for frequency modulated waves, a single pole resonant circuit in said common patth tuned to the carrier frequency f of the waves to be received and having a quality Q individual output circuits for said amplifiers, each including a resonant circuit having a quality Q equal to 2.24 Q, the quality Q being equal to where Af represents the difference between resonant frequencies of the tuned circuits of said amplifier outputs and f and means for combining the output signals from said amplifiers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
US25436D 1959-01-15 chasek Expired USRE25436E (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US78694959A 1959-01-15 1959-01-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
USRE25436E true USRE25436E (en) 1963-08-27

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ID=25140029

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US2984791D Expired - Lifetime US2984791A (en) 1959-01-15 Frequency modulation reception circuits
US25436D Expired USRE25436E (en) 1959-01-15 chasek

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US2984791D Expired - Lifetime US2984791A (en) 1959-01-15 Frequency modulation reception circuits

Country Status (6)

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US (2) USRE25436E (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE585832A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1416457B1 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1245870A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB896688A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL247409A (en, 2012)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3437941A (en) * 1966-04-07 1969-04-08 Us Navy Wide band frequency discriminator
US4150338A (en) * 1977-03-28 1979-04-17 Rca Corporation Frequency discriminators
US4220974A (en) 1978-10-30 1980-09-02 Rca Corporation AFT circuit
US4321624A (en) * 1978-10-30 1982-03-23 Rca Corporation AFT Circuit

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156376A (en) * 1937-12-08 1939-05-02 Rca Corp Series crystal phase modulation receiver
US2205847A (en) * 1938-02-24 1940-06-25 Rca Corp Crystal filter
US2204575A (en) * 1938-03-10 1940-06-18 Rca Corp Phase modulation receiver
US2243214A (en) * 1940-04-13 1941-05-27 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency modulation receiver
US2674690A (en) * 1949-02-26 1954-04-06 Research Corp Frequency modulation receiver

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1245870A (fr) 1960-11-10
GB896688A (en) 1962-05-16
DE1416457B1 (de) 1969-09-11
BE585832A (fr) 1960-04-19
NL247409A (en, 2012)
US2984791A (en) 1961-05-16

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