USRE2509E - Improvement in lamps - Google Patents

Description

Reissued March 19, 1867.

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D. CHAMBERLAIN. Lamp.

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WILMON w. BLAGKMAR, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNEE' BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS or DEXTERLH. CHAMBERLAIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that DEXTER :H. CHAMBERLAIN", of West Roxbury, in the county of Norfolk, and State of Massachusetts, has invented 'a. certain new and useful Method of Preventing Explosions in Lamps used for burning spirit-gas and hydrocarbon oils, also in oil cans for holding the same, of which the following is a full, clcar,

and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification. in

which'- I Figure 1 represents an elevation of a lamp having the improvement applied thereto, the upper portion being shown in section to illustrate more clearly the nature of the invention. i

Figure 2 represents a plan; and

Figure 3 a section of 'an oil can to which the improvement has also been applied.

It has long been desirable to employ for illuminating purposes the various hydrocarbon oils, because of their great economy over the fatty oils when compared with the. brilliancy of the light produced. Thehighlyinflammable nature of these oil's, however, and their liability to explode when vaporized and mixed with air,-

- have rendered their use extremely dangerous and bccn'the cause of distressing accidents and deaths.

The object of this invention is to remove, in as efl'ect'ual a manner as possible, the liability to such explosions, and thereby enable consumers to derive the full benefit of these oils for illuminating purposes without the dangers now incident to their use.

The invention, so far as the lampsare concerned, consists in the use of a perforated wick-tube or its oquiv alent, in combination with a lamp whose oil-chamber is filled with an. absorbing material capable of. gradually yielding up the oil with which it is saturated to the wick, as the necessities of the flame should require it; and secondly, it consists in combining with the chamber of an oil can or vesselthe use of perforated diaphragzns,.so

arrangcd as to form chambers into which porous materials are to be placed, one of which shall form, as it were,

the mouth of the can, and the other the spout, whereby direct communication with the main chamber is cut oil from the outer air and from any flame or fire which may surround the can, and thereby preventing all liability to explosion.

The improvement in lamps is represented in the drawings as being applied to that class of lamps known as spirit or burning-fluid gas lamps, but it may be applied to any and all kinds of lamps used for the consumption of' volatile oils; hence the general detail of the lamp here. is unnecessary, and the description therefore confined to such parts ofthe lamp as are requisite to understand the invention.

A represents the standard which supports the oil-chamber O, and which is secured to it by screw ,or otherwise. Through the centre ofthis chamber C is passed a perforated wick-tube, B, and secured to the bottom of the oil-chamber C by solder or otherwise. This wick-tube is perforated all round with a number of small holes to within a short distance of the inner side of the mouth cover D, so as to allow free passage to the oil through the wick-tube to the wick g. The wick is passed down through the length of the wick-tube or chamber B to the bottom of the oil-cup, so as to absorb. the last drop of oil. In the drawing it is not so represented, it being cut short in orderto represent the openings or holes in the wick-tube B. The wick-tube or chamber having been perforated and'secured to the oil-chamber O, the latter is then entirely filled with some absorbing material, such as ground pumice-stone of the size of very small shot, or with any other porous or absorbing material, fibrous or otherwise, but use general rule with ground pumice-stone. When thus filled, the lamp'is ready to receive the oil, whichmay be either done through the mouth of the lamp before the cap-piece D is screwed on, or through another opening,f, which may be formed for that purpose in the side of the chamber 0. A lamp thus constructed is incapable of explosion. I 7

It will be obvious that various modifications of this invention'may be made without altering in any degree the principle, but they are not deemed unprotected because considered unnecessary here to be described.

In figs. 2 and 3 is shown the method of preventing explosions in the oil cans used for holding this class of oils. E represents the main oil-chamber provided, as usual, with mouth, a, and spout, b, the latter being separated from the chambcrE by a perforated diaphragm, e, and then filled witha porous or absorbing material, g,

thus cutting off directcommunication with the oil-chamber and outer air. Another diaphragm, perforated like the other, may be inserted in-tlie mouth of the spout above the porous material, if deemeiladvisable. In the upper part of the chamber E is secured a perforated plate, e, forming a, separate cl 1ambe1"',h, which-is filled with ground pumice-stone the size of small shot, oi some other porous'matcriah'as in the spout I2, through which the oil, in filling the can, is made to filtei, and in this way protecting the oil, after it has been filleil in,fi'om external fiame,.and cQnSequent'cX'plosi n of the can. 7 I H Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as'now, and desiro'd 'to be secured by Letters Patent, is 1. The combination of a perfo'rated wick-tube or chamber 13, with the bodv O of. a lamp filled with eporous or absorbing material, for the purposes set forth. I 2. An oil can, constructed in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

' I WILMON W. BLACKMAR,

Assignee of the Patent granted to Dexter H Ghamberlm'n Z'V Iay 8, 1855. I Witnesses:

S. EDWIN IVESON, HERBERT, SLEEPER

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