USRE233E - Improvement in self-acting mules for spinning - Google Patents

Description

MAN

NRETERS, PMDTu-LITHQGHAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C.

. tion of the arrow 3. Fig. LIris a vertical sec'- direction as in Fig. 3. Fig.v 5 is a ver-tical proper time for winding. This, by causing the UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea wANroN noUsE,l or TAUNTON, imssncnusnrrs.

IMPROVEMENT IN SELF-ACTING IvIuIv I-:s. Foa SPINNING.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 9,1378, dated November 2, 1852; Reissue No. *233,dated March 415, 1853.

ning up of the carriage, as to drive the spindles with aconstantly-accelerated motion,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WANTONlROUSE, of Taunton, in the county of Bristoland State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Self-Actin g ,Mule for Spinning Cotton and other Fibrous-Materi als 5 and I do hereby declarethat th efollewing is a full, clear, and exact descriptionofthe same, referencebeing had to the accompany-` ing drawings, forming part of this specification,in which y I Figure 1 is an elevation of the side of the mule which is next the carriage. Fig..2 isa plan. Fig. 3 is a Atransverse vertical section in the line 1 2.of Fig. l, looking in Athe direcdiameter o f the cop towards the top, where the windin g finishes. Its circumferen tial term varies at different parts `of its length, `which gives it the longitudinal irregularity of form ybefore spoken of. This-is to suit the degree ot' acceleration oi speed and the amount of backing off required at diiierent stages of the .building'of tlIevcop,-whose form is constantly changing` from the commencement to the termination ofthe winding, the finger having a slow. movement from end to end of the cam forthe purpose, by the varying form of the cam, of giving a varying movement to the segments, andconsequently to the spindles. .1 Theotherparts vof the invention are subsidiary to, the cam or irregularly-shaped barrel,.either for communicating motion to it or for transmitting motion tothe various parts. To enable those skilled in the-art to put my invention into/practical operation, I will now enter into a full and detailed description of it. The carriage, being the saine as in other mules,.is not shown in the'drawings. and will .need no4 description here, the improvements beingall confined to the head, of which A is the framing, which carries all the working parts. Y, B is the cam or irregularly-'shaped barrel which governs the lbachingoi' and winding on of the yarn. It is secured on a shaft, L), lwhich vvworks in suitable bearings in about the middle of the framing. Its greatest eccentrieity,eireumferentially, is at the end 5*, and .it approaches nearer to a circular form toward the ,opposite end. (See more particularly Fig.,6.). L, ,l V1D D are two levers which are secured irmly to ashai't, E, hun g in suitable bearings in the llower part ot' the framing and forming their tion ot' the driving-gear, looking -in the same section of what I term the toothed segmentframe,77 lookin gin the same direction asin-Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a profile of the cam which governs the building of the cops.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondingparts in each of the several figures.

This invention, which is designedto simplifythe construction of the mule, .relatesl chiefly to the employment, for the purpose ofi governing the revolution of the spindles in; winding the thread on t-he cops, and in back-Vv ing oft preparatory to the said winding on, of a cam having a periphery of` irregular form,A longitudinally and `cireumferentially-- ,The said cam is caused to give revolution tothe spindles by means of a nger,.which always bears on its periphery and which is.attached to a swinging frame, furnished withtoothed segments which gear with toothed. `wheels upon a shaft, which, through a train of gearing, drives the spindles.. The cam is-caused` to revolve at the time thatthe. backing ott' should be performed, and also during the time the mule is running up tothe beam, when the winding of the thread upon the spindles is to be performed. Its peripheryv isof such form circumferentially thatv the-1in ger will be running toward the axis at the proper :time for backing oit', and from the axis at the .cured a boX,F, which, together with the levers, formsa swinging frame. The upper ends of ,the levers carry toothed segments a a, which form parts of circles described from E. In a suitableguide, consisting cfa slot,b, running .nearly from end to end of the box F, parallel .to the shafts E and C, is fitted a stock, c, in Iwhieh is secured the finger d, which always lbearsupon the periphery of the cam B. A

segments to move in opposite directions, causes the spindles to be driven in opposite directions. The cam 1s of such form, on the partwhere the finger bears during the runwhich is necessary, owing to the decreasing- .fulcrum.' Between the two levers D D is sewill be seen that as the heel 5 of allel with the screw e,

screw, e, runs the whole length of the box, having journals at its ends, fitting in the ends of the box, and being prevented from moving endwise. This screw passes through a female screw in the stock c, and consequently, when it is turned, it gives the stock a movement longitudinally in the slot b and moves the finger d along the cam. The screw is turned after every revolution of the cam by a ratchet, or other contrivance, to give the finger the required movement on the ca m. In order to keep the finger cl always touching the cam during its entire revolution and insure the descent of the swinging frame, it is necessary to draw it towards the cam, or else the resist ance oered by the parts driven by the seg- 7 ments would stop it during the time the descending portion, or the portion from 5* to 5 of the periphery, which recedes towards the axis, is passing it. For the above purpose,l the swinging segment frame is connected by a cord or chain, f, which 'passes over a pulley, g,

on the shaft U close to the cam, to the end of a lever, G, which h an gs loosely on th e shaftE, the

said shaft forming its fulcrum. This lever is operated upon by a stud, h, secured in the inner face of a toothed wheel, H, which is secured on the shaft G of the cam, and by which the said shaft is driven, the said stud, as the cam revolves, pressing on the upper edge of the said lever, and causing it, Vby drawing on the vcord or chain f, to make the segment-frame and its finger d follow the receding part `of the cam, the upper edge of the lever being of proper form to correspond with the cam. It the' cam B, or the point of the periphery which is nearest the axis, gradually rises from the end 4 to the opposite end, that the cord-or chain f wants lengthening to prevent its being strained or broken. In order to accomplish this it is not rigidly attached to the frame itself, but to a block or nut, j, which has a female screw in it iitting to a male screw, k, which has jour nals at each end, iitting in suitable bearings on the top of the box F. The screw 7c is parand like it is prevented movin g end wise. It is furnished with a toothed wheel, l, which gears into a toothed wheel, m, on e, and every movement of the screw e communicates a movement in the opposite direction to that, k. The nut j, being prevented turning by bearing on the top of the box F, is caused to move along the screw and .thus give out the cord or chain. Gare is taken that the size of the wheel Zshould bear a proper proportion to that, m, to let out the cord or chain just sufcient to compensate for the rise in the heel of the cam, and no more, or it would fail to draw the segmentframe down far enough.

I is the main drivingshaft of the machine, carrying three driving-pulleys, J J 1J all of equal diameter. A band from any prime mover communicates motion to either of the said pulleys, being shipped from one to the other at different stages ofthe operation of the mule.

The pulley J is fast upon the shaft and serves to run the carriage out from the beam and to drive the drawing-rolls and whirl the spindles to spin and stretch the yarn. The pulley J is loose upon the shaft and receives the band just, before the termination of the stretch. Both the above pulleys are the same as in other self-acting mules. The pulley J is loose on the hub of the pulley J', which extends through it for the purpose of carrying an endless screw, n, which forms part of the belt-shipping apparatus spoken of in the commencement of this specification. The lastnamed pulley'J drives the cam, B, which backs oif the spindles and whirls them during thewinding of the yarn on the cops, and also drives the carriage up to the beam. The main shaft I carries a toothed wheel, K, which gears into and gives motion to a larger toothed wheel, L, on a shaft, M, which'carries a pinion, N, gearing into and giving motion to the toothed wheel O, which drives the front drawing-rolls. Attached to the wheel 0 is a small pulley, P, around which runs the endless chain Q, which drives the niulecarriage, the said chain passing roundV the scroll R and round a pulley, S, hung at the front end of the framing, the carriage being connected to its under part. The said shaft I also carries a pulley, T, around which runs theendless band or chain U,.which drives the spindles in the usual manner. This last-described train of mechanism is all in operation when the driving-band is on the pulley J. The pulley J has a toothed pinion, V, attached to it, which gears into and drives a toothed wheel, W, which runs loosely on a shaft, X, which is hung in suitable bearings on the upper part of the frame. Attached to thev inner side of the wheel W is a smaller toothed wheel, Z, which gears into the toothed wheel H on the cam-shaft and gives revolution to the cam B. 0n the opposite side of the wheel W-that is to say, on its outer sideis secured part of a clutch, Y, which drives the scroll R, the other partof the clutch being attached to the scroll itself. The scroll works loosely on the shaft X, and, when the clutch is in gear to drive it, runs the carriage towards the beam. Fast upon the shaft X are a pair of small toothed wheels, y y, which gear into and receive mo- :tion from the toothed segments a a, and, upon the saine shaft, also fast, is a large toothed wheel, Z, which gears into and drives a small toothed wheel, o, which is fast upon a shaft, p, which hangs in suitable bearings below the main shaft I. The shaft p carries a pulley, q, `which drives the spindles in backing off and winding the yarn on the cops. the shaft, and stands close up to the side of the frame or to a shoulder on the shaft itself. The band U passes round this pulley q in the opposite direction to that in which it passes round the pulley T, which drives the band from the main shaft, (see Fig. 1,) so that the two pulleys always revolve in opposite direc- It is loose ou' clutch being fastY on the end of the shaft.

.cam B stops, after having run up the carriage,

.al portion of a screw. This incline is for tions. The pulley has a conical recess turnedY in its outer face, (see Fig. 4,) which forms part ot' a friction-clutch, the other part, r, of the 1t a tendency to drive the belt toward J, but it always rests upon the periphery of the cam 18. This cam, when the belt comes ou the loose pulley J commences revolving by reason of the worm-wheel 19 onits spindle or axis receiving motion from the endless screw n, and is, when the belt rst comes on the loose pulley, ina position to keep it there; but as it revolves its step, 20, is causedto pass they projection 2l. on the shipper-lever, which bears against it, and the lever is vallowed, by the means before described (but not shown, as there are many ways of obtaining the same result) to shift the belt to J where it remains until the continued revolution ot' the cam -returns it to the loose pulley v J. The mechanism for shipping the belt from J to J as the stretch is lnished is the same as in other mules, and therefore does not require description.-

The several parts ot the mule being now explained,` will proceed to describe their several operations, as they take place, supposing, at the commencement, th-at the cop is just commenced, and that the mule-carriage is up close to the beam, ready to run out. -The cam B and all the train of gearing connected with it will be stationary, the linger being on the line 25, which is shown in Fig. 4, and supposed to run from end to end. ofthe cam, and near the -end 4. The driving belt will be on the fast pulley J. The friction-clutch r will be uncoupled so as to'leave the band U free of the pulley g, the end of the lever u being on the highest point of the incline'6 of the cam t. l will now suppose the motion to commence, the pulleys always ruiming in the direction of the arrow shown near their circumference in Fig. l. The main shaft l, com municating motion to the shaft M, gives motion to the toothed wheel O and pulley P the pulley driving the chain 'q and running out the mule, and lthe wheel 0 driving the rolls to draw and supply the yarn to the spindles, the pulley T at thesame time driving the band or chain U in the proper directionto .spring or its equivalent, which always gives This clutch is kept in gear bya helical spring, s, which is coiled around the shaft p, and is compressed between the inside of the fram; ing and a shoulder or stud on the shaft for a suitable length of time to back oi'v and wind on, and is thrown out of gear just before the by a cam, t, on the end ofthe shaft C, which said cam. has an incline, 6, on its outer face, resembling part of a screw, which acts upon andforces out the end of a lever, u, the said lever being attached, at its opposite, end, to a stationary fulcrum, o, secured to the p. The effect produced bythe cam is to draw out the shaft endwise, and thus free the clutch. The cam t hasvan incline, 7, (see Fig. 3,) on its inner face, which `also forms out of gear Just before the mule-carriage reaches the beam, which it does'by means of a lever, w, which works on a fulcrum', x, secured to the frame, the said leverv having a fork which embraces the part of the clutch connected to the scroll, and which, when the incline 7 throws the lower end ofthe lever upon which it impinges inward, vdraws the scroll outward free of the wheels W and Z, the scroll being kept in gear, when not operated on by the incline on the cam, by a spring, 22, which forces out the lower end of the lever. In communication with the pulley J there is a brake, 8, (see Fig. 1,) which is made to bearv on it inside the rim by a stud, g, on the inner face of the wheel H, which acts upon the lever 10, to which the brake is attached. This brake is for the purpose of stopping it, so as to leave the cam B in the proper position. 11 is the lever which operates the faller. l t hangs nearly horizontal on a fulcrum, 12, in the lower part ofthe framing. The front end connects by a pin, 13, with the end of the coping-rail, which is connected with and operates the faller in the same manner as in any other self-acting mule. The back end is operated on at suitable times to raise the copingrail and put down the faller by a stud, 14, on the outer face of the wheel H, the part ofthe the purpose of throwing the scroll clutch Y ishes running out, the belt is shipped by the ordinary means from the pulley J to the loose pulley J', andthe endless screw attached to cam 18 so far round as to make the step 2() on the said cam pass the shipper-lever and allow it to ship the belt to the pulley J f', which, by means of the pinion V and wheels W, Z, and H, sets the cam B in motion in the direction of the arrow shown upon the wheel Hin Fig. 1. The end of the leveru immediately passes over the point of the incline 6, and the frictionelutch r strikes into gear. The linger d descends toward the heel or less prominent part 5 ofthe cam, and causes the segments a a and wheels y y to drive the shaft X, and the wheel Z gives motion through the wheel O to the shaft p, and the friction-elutch which couples the pulley g, being in gear, changes The mechanism for shipping the belt from the loose pulley J to the pulley J" consists of a shipping-lever, 15, and a spindle, 17, which works in suitable bearings secured to the top of the framing, and carries a cam, 18, and a worm-wheel, 19, the worin-wheel gearlever 15 hangs on a stationary fulcrum, 16, and is balanced or otherwise governed by a whirl the spindles. Before the carriage iin this pulley soon drives the worm-wheel 19 and the vdirection of 'the motion of the bandvcr chain U and reverses the movementof the i stud `14E on the 'wheel' H operates upon the lever l1 and puts down the faller. lVhenthe l heel 5 of the cam B passes the linger d, the.

this commences, the small cam t-its incline 7,

' R to strike into gear; this runs-the carriage graduallyaccelerating the speed, and as it ar rives near to the beam gradually retardingf of the incline 7 of the cam t on the lever fv,

tions of the carriage and of the spindles are thus both stopped at the same time. The

-the line 25, where i-t rests during the running being shipped -from the pulley J just before this, allows the said pulley and the mechan ism by whichit drives the cam to be stopped i screw e moving the iinger d after every wind- Y the cop is finished, the linger has-reached the eating motion Ato it, there bein gv Vsev'*era1 ways in which it might be doneequally well.

A lBefore proceeding to explain particularly what I claim as my invention, I will point out the difference between the cam which forms one of the elements of my invention anda cam or irregularly-shaped piece of wood employed in a self-actin g mule described in Newtons London J ournal,77 appearing from the description tobear some resemblance to it. The effects produced by them are very diierent. The latter camgoverns the operation of the faller-wire, which guides the laying on of the yarn on theV spindles during their revolution, and thus its form regulates the shape of the cop, butl it lin no way controls the revolution of the'spindles. My cam does not operate'on thefaller or regulate the shape of the cop, as that is done in my mule in the ordinary way, which need not be explained; but Vit causes-thespindles to receiverotary motion at such a varying speed as the varying circumferenceof the cop, from thebottom to top of each layer, and the varying di'erence of circumference between the bottom' and top in the several successive layers require.

What I claim as my" invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y 1. Governing the revolution of the spindles in winding the yarn on the cop, and also in backing oil', during the progressive stages of the building by means lof acam,B, or any spindles for baekingoff the yarn. Prior to thek commencement of the backing off, the

rising part of the ca-mv raises 1t, and, byreversing the motion of the segments a a, again reverses the motion of the' spindles for winding the yarn on the cops, and at the instanthaving passed the lever IuJ-allows the scroll up toward the beam, commencing slowly, vthen it. As. the carriage reaches the beam, thc*V scroll is thrown out of gear by the operation and the clutch r i-s uncoupled by the operation of. the incline 6 on the lever u.; The mo loose pulley J keeps revolving with the pnlley J and after the carriage is run up, it will have caused the endless screw n and worm-wheel 19 to move thevcaml 1S far enough round to cause the shipper-lever to ship the belt onto its own periphery, where it remains until it is shipped by the usual means to the pulley J, for running the carriage' out again. After the scroll and the friction-clutch r which drives the spindles are thrownoutof gear, the linger d passes down the commencement of the incline on the cam B till it reaches ferentially, with the said irregularity varying from end to end, the said cam or equivalent being caused to operate upon the mechanism which drives the spindlesin any Way that will produce the results herein set forth.

' '2. The mechanism for causingthe viingerl d., through which lthe irregular surface of the cam B or its equivalent actsiipon the mechanism which drives the spindles in backing oii" and building on, to traverse the said cam and to -be kept close to itssurface, consisting of the screws e and k, the nut j, cord or chain f, lever G, and stud '11,', operating in combination in the manner substantially as set forth.

' VVANTON` HOUSE.

out, ready for the next backing oii'. The belt,

by. the stud g coming into operation on the brake 8. v

The abovedcscribed series ofy operations are repeated until the cops are finished, the

ing on of theyarn on thecop until,by-the time oppositeend of' the cam B; I have shown no mechanism for operating the screw e, as I do not confine myself to any mode ofv communi- VVitnes'ses:

GEOItGE W. HILL, Bam; lt. DEANE'.`

equivalent deviceof irregularV form, cireum-

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