US186325A

US186325A - Improvement in spinning-frames

Info

Publication number: US186325A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1877-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 1894-01-16

Description

4 Sheets-Sheetl.

c+. DRAPER.- SPINNING-FRAMES.

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I NPETEHS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON, Dv CV 4'sheets-l-sheet z.

c. DRAPER, SPINNING-FRAMES.

N. PETERS, FHOTO-LITHOQRPHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

. SPINNINGFRAMES. No.186-,3Z5. w Patented Jan.16,1877.

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i METERS, pHoro-UTHOGRAPHER, WumNGTdN. `n -c NmeeQsz.

` G. DRAPER.

SPINNING-FRAMES.

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Patented J'an.15,`1877.

"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE DRAPER, `OE HOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING-FRAMES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 186,325, dated January 16, 1877; application filed September 22, 1876.

OASE A.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE DRAPER, of

`Hopedale, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Spinning-Machine, of which the following is a specification y This invention relates to improvements in spinning machinery, and specially to the class l of ring-spinning and twisting frames.

In ring-spinning, the termdraft on the l yarn is employed to designate the strain put on the yarn in passing from the deliveringrollers under the traveler and to the spindle or bobbin, this draft varying according to the angle formed Vin the yarn When passing from the traveler to the spindle or bobbin. This draft isrgreatest when the yarn is Wound directly upon the spindle or empty bobbin, and decreases as the spindle orbobbin becomes filled, and the angle in the yarn at the traveier is consequently decreased. t

To produce yarn perfectly even as to `size and strength, each inch of yarndelivered byv the delivering-rollers should have the same amount of draft and the same numberof twistsI per inch, and this would be the case if the surface on which the yarn was wound did not vary 1n size.

ln ordinary spinningframes, when thebob bin is empty, and the drag on the yarn is -sufficient to stretch it below its proper size in passing from the delivering-rollers to the bobbin, then the stretched yarn (the spindle and rollers moving at a uniform continuous speed from the commencement `to the completion of the `filling operation of the bobbin) receives less twist per inch than it should, and, besides being smaller, is less strong in propor `tion to its size, because fine yarn, to` make it proportionally strong, requires more twist per inch than does coarse yarn. As the bobbin is filled and increasesin size, the drag is constantly decreased, and the yarn vis larger or coarser and` has more twists per inch than that first Wound on the bobbin, and for Want of draft is liable to become .kinked. This variation `in draft upon the yarn results in the production of `yarn uneven as to size and strength.

t In practice,yand owing .to this draft, the yarnas it is first ,Wound on the .bobbinislia `to me for this purpose.

which reference may be had, the spindles and y this difficulty arising' from thisunequal draft,

and Letters Patent No. 27,434 were granted ln that patent, to

deliveringerollers were always run at a uniform and equal speed, and the motion of the back rollers of the set of drawing-rollers was decreased in speed as the bobbins increased in size, this decrease in speed permitting the front rollers to draw out or stretch the roving or yarn then operated upon sufficiently to make it correspond in sizewith the yarn stretched by the drag or draft, the drag and decreasing speed of they back rollers together acting to make the yarn of substantially uniform size from the commencement to the completion of the full bobbin. This change of speed of the back rollers in such patent was elfected as the bobbins increased in size through an arrangement of belts and gearing connected with the `drawing-rollers, and when the bobbins were dotfed, and lthe traverse motion was turned back prior to commencing the winding of another set of bobbins, this variable-speed mech anisrn for the back rollers had also to be set back by hand. If this last operation was negle'cted by carelessness of the spinner, the yarn on the new set of bobbins would be too small, for the yarn would be drawn too much by the rollers, and the drag would farther attenuate it.A t

The failure to provide means effectual to prevent the starting of the frame without sey curing the proper draft between the rolls when starting the empty bobbins, compared with what i't was before theframe was doffed, hindered the' general introduction of thatinventionLff t. This present invention consists in the combiuation, with the drawing-rollers, the spindles, and a traverse mechanism, of a speedchanging mechanism applied to the back rolls of the set of drawing-rollers, and connected with the traverse mechanism, so as to decrease the motion ofthe backl rolls as the bobbins increase in size,`and to b'e'rcset to the initial position through the action of the traverse V.mechanism when it is turned back prior to ing-rollers, so that the traverse mechanism cannot be turned back to commence a new set of bobbins without also changing the apparatus for governing the variation of speed' of the rollers, or, in other words, sov connecting the mechanism for varying the speed of the rollers with the traverse mechanism that the spinning-frame cannot be set into operation to commence a new set of bobbins without this speed-varying mechanism is in its proper initial position.

Figure 1 represents, in top view, one-half of a ring-spinning frame provided with my improvements; Fig. 2, a front view of that end of the frame at which the traverse mechanism is located, the view also showing the gear-ing by which the drawing-rolls are moved;

Fig. 3, a detail of driving-pulleys for the drawdrawing, in this instance, consists of a fork, 11,

ing-rolls; Fig. 4, a vertical section of part of the frame on lines ww, Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a horizontal section of part of the frame on lines y y, Fig. 2. Figs. 6 'and 8 represent details of traverse mechanism, to be hereafterdescribed; and Fig. 7, an end view.

1t has been considered unnecessary to show in the drawing but one side of the spinningframe, it being understood that the other side is like it as to the spindles, drawing-rollers, &c. The frame a of the machine is of any ordinary or suitable construction, and i's provided, as usual, with back rollers b, intermediate rollers c, and front rollers d, constituting the set of drawing-rollers, with spindles e, bolster-rail f, ring-rail g, rings h, and travclers h', guide-wires i', lifting-rods z', and -levers j, for moving them, and spindle-driving drum k, all of usual construction.

In this plan of my invention the front or delivery rollers d and spindles run at a uniform speed with relation to each other from the commencement to the completion of the full bobbin, substantially the same length of roving being delivered at each revolution of the spindles. The front roll, in this instance, is shown asderiving its motion from a pulley, A1, on the shaft 4 of the spindle-drum k. (See Fig. 1 and detail, Fig. 3, wherein the shaft and pulleys 1 2j3 are broken away fromA the left of Fig. 2.) This pulley 1 is shown as connected by a band, as at l, Fig. 7, with a pulley, m, on a shaft, n, provided with a toothed wheel, o, the latter engaging a toothed wheel,-

p, on the shaft q of the delivery or front rollers d. The pulleys 2 3, either of two different sizes, or made as au ordinary cone, (see dotted lines,) are connected, in this instance, by a band, with two converse pulleys, 5 6, or a cone on a shaft, 1', sustained in a bearing, 7. This shaft has a bevel-pinion, s, that engages a bevel-pinion, t, on a shaft, u, having a worm, c, that engages a worm-gear, w, on the lower shaft of the back rollers b. A pinion, 8, on the opposite end of the back-roller shaft engages an idle-pinion, 9, and it, in-'turn, en-

gages the pinion 10 on, and drives, the shaft of the intermediate rollers c of the set of drawing-rollers.

In this form of the invention the back rollers b, or rollers b and c, are to be moved at a decreased speed while the bobbins` or cops are being filled, the exact time at which the speed is decreased depending upon the size of the bobbins, or the size ofthe yarn, or the action of the drag on the yarn. When the bobbin is rst being wound, and is'yet small, the belt w connects the smallest pulley 5 and the largest pulley 2, the speed of the back rollers b then being the fastest; but when the speed is to be changed, and the back rollers are to be run more slowly, to permit the' roving to be drawn ou-t, as before described, then the belt is shifted from pulleys 2 and 5 to pulleys 3 and 6. The belt w may'` be shifted byy any usual belt-shipping mechanism.

The belt-shippingl mechanism shown in the carried by a bar, 12, connected with a lever,

f 13, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) the lever 13 being connected with a vertical lever, 14,

controlled as to its time of motion for shipping the belt by means of connecting mechanism connecting the variable-speed mechanism with the traverse mechanism, one form of such connecting mechanism being hereafter described.

The lever 15 of the traverse 'mechanism-its rack 16, rack-moving screw 17, and pin 18 are of usual construction, andv this lever is connected with and operates the liftingrail throughl chains andlevers, in a manner well understood. The cam 19, which may be of any usual conguration, acts upon the pin 18, to move the lever 15. The shaft 20, carrying this cam 19, has upon it a toothed wheel, 21, engaged and moved by a bevel-pinion, 22, provided at its other end with a worm-gear, 60, operated by the worm 23 on the shaft of the cone-pulley 24, connected with cone-pulley 25 by a belt, 26, (shown in dotted lines,)

and controlled by a belt-shifter, 30, on screw 31, provided with a ratchet-wheel, 32, which may be moved as desired, to move the screw and shift the belt, through a pawl, 33. The

main cone-pulley 25 derives its motion from the driver of the front-roller shaft through a belt, 35, that extends over the pulley 34, and ove'r the pulley 37 on shaft fn.. The cam 19 lifts the lifting -rail to distribute the yarn helically upon the surface of the bobbin.

Conesareshown as employed to drive the traverse, and` for the reasons thatthey per `mit-the speed of the traverseto be changed to accordiwithl different numbers of yarn, and they enable the traverse to be driven at dif- "ferent speeds while a set of bobbinsarebeing filled, so as Lto lay the yarn upon the bobbins aneqnal distance-aparton the diiferent lay` ers, in a manner similar to laying roving on a lbobbin by a ily-frame.

The cones are useful for otherfpurposes,` which will. be apparent to spinners. l The `cone-pulleys may be moved, when it is desired to change the motion of the liftingrail with relation to the xed speed of rotation of the spindles', by throwing the pawl 33 into operation, the normal position of pawl 33 being out ot' engagement with the ratchetv when the speed is not being changed. The pawl 33 (shown in the drawing) can operate` they are doied or removed from-the. spindles,

and before anew set of bobrbinscan be properly commenced the screw-shaft 17 must be turned back, aY suitable `key fitted to the end 38 being employed, thereby moving the rack 16 toward the outer end of the lever 15, in-

creasingthe length of such lever sufciently to move the ring-rail far enough to properly commence thenew bobbins.

Referring to Figs. 4 'and 5 we may assume that the bobbins have been `iilled, and that the rack of the traverse is being moved out in the direction ot' the arrow, preparatory to commencing a new set of bobbins. Now, when the cam 39 reaches the lever 14` of the speed changing devices, it will move such lever on its fnlcrum 40 in the direction of arrow 2Fig. 2. This lever 14, when moved out by the cam, is locked or held out by a lock composed of a pin, 45, on a rod, 46, tted to a block, 47, connected with the lever 15, the front end of the rod being beveled, as at 4 9, and a spring, 48, pressing it forward. This movement of the lever by the cam on the rack, the latter forming part ot' thel traverse mechanism, moves thebcIt-Shippmg mechanism of the speed-varying mechanism for the back rollers, so as toplace the belt connected with the driver of the back rollers on that Vpair of, or such portions of, the pulleys over which it runs as to run the pulleys and back rolls at their fastest speed, for` the commencement of cam 19.

connected, inV this instance, with the lever1f3; buta spring may be connected with any other portion of the shipping mechanism equally as well) movesthe fork, to shift the belt into `position for decreasing the speedof the back rollers, for the pur-pose before explained.

By this arrangement it will be observed that the traverse mechanism cannot be turned back or reset for the commencement of ne-w bobbins without also properly chaniging the variable-speed mechanism for the back rollers, and placing such mechanism in its correct initial position forthe commencementofnew bobbins.

The pin 44 may be connected with` a small block, 51, titted in a groove in the rack-bar, (see Fig. 8,) and the block and pin may be held in adjusted position by a set-screw, 52, screwed into the block.

The speciiication, so far, describes one plan of, and shows means for, forming the connection between the traverse mechanism and the speed varying or changing mechanism. The cam 39 and the pin 44 on theraclr, in connection with the loclr,7 constitute, in this instance, the connecting mechanism between the traverse and speed-changing devices. The upright lever of the speed-varying mechanism is, in this instance, `acted upon by projections upon'the rack-bar or movable part of the traverse-lever, that i regulatesthe operative length traverse-as it is turned back, or bei'ore commencing a new set of bobbins.

Instead ofthe cam and pin and lock, I may connect the traverse-rack through links and Aelbow-levers, substantially as shown in Fig, 7 in the application of Wm. F. Draper, filed October 2, 1876, with devices for changing speed at the proper time; or I may make the connection with such devices through the Instead'ot employing the `particular travarse-lever and rack shown, I may employ any other well-known form of traverse wherein there exists the necessity of turning or resetting a portion thereof after doing the full bobbins, or before commencinga new set of bobbins. i

In practice, this invention being applied to the back rollers, the initial or starting speed of such rollers, or the speed at which they are run when the yarn is wound upon the empty bobbin, cron the bare quill or cop,. is the fastest speed, and after running a certain time the speed is made slower, forthe purposes before described. In spinning, say, a No. 27 yarn, it requires about tive hours to ll a set of bobbins. For about the first hour the rollers will run at their initial or first speed, and then the speed is changed-in this instance is made slower; but when the bobbins are filled, then the rollsmust again run at the initial speed for new bobbins, and to make this change dependent upon the resetting of the traverse is the gist of this invention; and I therefore do not limit myself to the exact construction of devices described, but expressly intend to use other mechanical devices to operate automatically in an equivalent manner.

The details of the shipping devices may be varied without departing from thisinvention. Instead of the pulleys 2 3 5 6, I may use any form of expanding or cone pulleys usually employed to secure change of speed.

lhe term traverse77 is intended to cover and include'any usual or proper device to impart to the lifting or ring rail its usual motion. As shown in the drawing, the connection with the beltshipping or speed-changing devices is made through the lever 15, and the device carried by it, and changed in position to control or insure the varying movement of the ring-rail,whereby the yarn is laid in proper position on the bobbin with relation to its ends.

The speed-changing mechanism, in this instance of my invention, includes pulleys of different sizes and belt-shifting mechanism, a connected portion of which extends to the traverse-rack, or equivalentdevice, adapted to effectfthe changing movement ofthe ring-rail, the belt moving the rolls at different speed between the commencement and completion of )the full bobbin.

In another application filed contemporane-` ously with this I provide for varying the speed of the front rolls, or of the entire set of rolls, the twist in the yarn in such case being controllable.

In another application I provide for connecting the front and back rollers positively by gearing, and run the front rollers faster, or the back rolls slower, or change the speed of all the rolls between the empty and full bobbins.

Instead of the cones for changing the speed of the traverse, I may use any other wellknown devices for making change of speed, as expanding pulleys.

The front roller, instead of being driven by a belt, may be driven from the drum-shaft by any usual gearing.

I have described that thel speed-changing mechanism, actin g through the traverse and its the change might be made at some time im mediately afterthe commencement of the new bobbins, instead of before they were commenced. When the traverse operates to lift the ringrail for the filling-wind, the rack-bar is replaced by a wheel, on which the lifting-rod chain is wound, thereby changing the extremes ofmotion of thering-rail. The traverse shown in the drawing, in this instance, is for the warp-wind.

I have shown belts l m extended from the pulleys of the drum-shaft to drive the rollers at one side of the frame. In practice, and when rollers are to be driven at each side the frame, these belts will also pass about the pulleys for the other rollers in any usual manner.

I claiml. The combination, with the drawing-rollers, spindles, and traverse mechanism, of speed changing mechanism applied to the back rolls of the set of drawing-rollers, and adapted to be connected with and operated through the traverse mechanism, to effect the 'decrease of the motion' of the back rolls while the bobbins are being filled, and to reset the speed-changing mechanism to its initial position when the traverse is turned back, substantially as described.

2. The traverse-lever, its screw and variable device, to govern the extent or extremes of motion of the ring-rail, in combination with a lever or member ofthe speed-changing mechanism, and with means to automatically operate such lever, to change the speed of the rolls to their initial speed preparatory to commencing a new set of bobbins through the movement of the variable device that governs the throw of the ring-rail, substantially as described.

3. The traverse-lever 15 and its lock, in combination with the rack and its pin and cam, and with the lever controlled by the cam and lock, to change the speed-varying mechanism ofthe back rollers when the bobbins are being filled, and when the bobbins are to be refilled, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof' I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE DRAPER. Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, W. J. PRATT.