USRE13618E - Tito livio carbone - Google Patents

Description

T. L. GARBONE.

ARG'LAMP.

LPPLIOATIOH n mm ran. 1a, 1913.

Reissued Sept 23,1913. 1 3,6 1 8.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'I'ITO LIVIO CARBONE, F CHARLOTTENBUBG, GERMANY.

ARC-LAMP.

Specification of Reissued Letters ratcnt. Beissued Sept, 23, 1913,

Original No. 975,935, dated November 15, 1910, S eria1 No. 484,552. Application: for reissue filed Februar 19,1913. seriamo. 749,536.

a citizen of the Swiss Republic, residing at,

Charlottenburg, near Berlin, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Improve- L ments in Arc-Lamps; and I do hereby de-- clare the following to be a full, clear, and. exact description of the invention; such as will enable others skilled in the art to which. it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to are lamps for long lighting hours and has the object of keeping clean the part of the globe from which the light mainly issues, especially in; lc)aseof the employment of impregnated car-- ons.

The use of'the flaming arc is connected with the disadvantage of requiring a globe or inclosure for the arc, and the vapors invariably givenofi by the flaming arc of im pregnated or other carbons'yield deposits which. cloud the transparent walls and tendl to obscure the arc. Attempts have been! made'to' overcome this difliculty by utiliz-- ing the heat of the arc to set up a vigorous:

1 circulation of the gases at the interior of the globe by providing a more or less highly organized exterior circulatory system for the; purpose of returning the gases which have been forced out at the top to the bottom of: the globe. These gases carry the vapors; away from the arc and deposit the condensation-products in the cooler parts of the circulatory system arranged to receive them;

outside of the arc-inclosingglobe itself. In

such attempts as have been made to carry out this arrangement, a number of diificulties have been encountered. For instance, some definite construction must be employed for the purpose of returning the gases downwardly from the arc to the lowerend of the globe. These channels necessarily obstruct the are more or less and prevent it from delivering its full illuminating effect, cutting down its efliciency and in some instances casting large shadows. .These difiiculties are independent of the complexity and elaborate structures that become necessary.

The object of-the present invention is to eliminate these difiiculties and attain the desired result in a more direct manner and by simpler and less expensive means.

As a result of much testing and experi- DIVISION A.

given excellent results, has three such cham-.

bers arranged one above the other, the middle chamber being transparent and containing the are, which chamber, for the best .light emitting and distributing. qualities, may be conical in shape with the wallspreferably brought into more or less proximity j to the arc, so asto better subserve the efforts I ,of maintaining its surface free from de ,posits. y

It is thoughtthat the gases rising. around the upper electrode are cooled in the upper chamber and fumes deposited therein and that the cooled gases flow. along the outer part of the globe adjacent tothe wall. The heat adjacent the arc would be sufficient to ,prevent the deposit of the fumes, but around the lower electrode the flow of gas would be slow enough to permit suspended particles tofall' in the lower 0 amber.

, Tests have been conducted with diflI'erent jmakes, of impregnated arccarbons with uniform results,the globe remaining clear' for upward of 150 hours,=and this with a .single trim or supply of carbons. I have found that excellent results are. obtained when a depositing space is provided both above and below. It was soon found that when one or both chambers were omitted, the deposit would encroach and would partially obscure the light-emitting wall surrounding the are. As a means of'securing a clear line of demarcation of the deposits and preventing their encroachment upon the transparent wall immediately surrounding the are, a change of angle or inclination of the wall with respect to-the are or general alinemcnt of electrodes is found effective, and an inner ridge or contraction will ac complish this result. Of course, a clear line ofdemarcation is not in all cases necessary,

and any means of confining, to a greater or at the are away from the light-emitting wall' before they are condensed and the oxlds or other solids deposited.

The present invention consists in prov1ding a separate chamber for the arc by forming a series of circular contractions in the globe, so that it is divided into several superposed chambers. By this device the heat of the arc is concentrated in the middle mem-- her, but at 'thesame time the walls of the middle chamber are protected by their conical shape against decomposition and can therefore be arranged closer to the are than was possible hitherto, The advantage of this arrangement is that no gases are condensed on the walls of the middle chamber inclosing the are.

Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings show several different forms of globes according to my invention and it will be understood that the globe may take a great many different forms without departing from the spirit of the invention.

A, B, C are the three chambers inclosed by the contractions in the wall of the globe.- ,These chambers'may be made wholly of glass or partly of glass and partly of a suitable metal. It has been found by experiment that, with this arrangement, the condensed gases from the impregnated carbons are deposited only in the upper and lower chambers A and C, while the wall of the chamber B remains free from deposit and there fore transparent.

In Fig. 1 the part of the wall of the globe that is kept free of the condensed gases is marked D.

Iclaim:

1. An arc-lamp globe specially adapted to the use of impregnated carbons, and divided into a plurality of superposed chambers by a chamber inclosing the arc, said chamber having a wall of a configuration suitable for surrounding the are closely so as to be heated thereby for preventing the gases produced by the are from condensingon said wall, the chambers above and below the arc chamber for the deposited condensed gases communicating only through said are chamber.

2. An arc lamp globe specially adapted to theuse of impregnated carbons, and divided into three superposed chambers by suitable contractions in the wall, the middle chamber having the shape ofan inverted cone and its walls surrounding the are as closely as possible to prevent the gases produced by the arc condensing on the walls of said chamber.

An arc-lamp globe specially adapted to the use of impregnated carbons, and divided into a plurality of superposed chambers by a chamber inclosing the arc, formed by a series of circular contractions in the globe the walls of the arc chamber surrounding the are closely so as to be heated for preventing the gases produced by the are from condensing thereon.

4. In an arc-lamp, a globe or inclosure for use with impregnated or flame-arc carbons, divided into three superposed chambers by suitable contractions in the walls, the middle chamber having a transparent wall surrounding the arc, and a separation or'joint at the upper end of the middlechamber between it and the chamber above.

5. In an arc-lamp, a globe or inclosure for use with impregnated or flame-arc carbons, divided into three superposed chambers by suitable contractions in the walls, the middle chamber having a transparent wall surrounding the arc, an upper chamber separated from said middle chamber, and a lower chamber immediately below the transparent wall of the middle chamber and made integral therewith.

6. In an arc-lamp, a globe or inclosure for use with impregnated or flame-arc carbons, divided into three superposed chambers by suitable contractions in the walls, the middle chamber having a transparent wall surrounding the are, an upperchamber separated from said middle chamber, and alower chamber immediately below the transparent wall of the middle chamber made 'integral therewith and closed at the lower end.

7. In an arc-lamp for use with impregnated or flaming arcs, an inclosure for the flaming arc having a space adjacentto the flaming are heated thereby, the walls of said space having an inclination with respect to the axis of the are so that said wall is so closely approached to the arc to utilize the same to prevent condensation of the condensable vapors, said inclosure having spaces above and below the arc space, forming with the walls of the inclosure, inclosed condensation spaces.

8. An arc-lamp globe specially adapted to the use of impregnated carbons, and vdivided into a, plurality of superposed chambers by suitable configuration of the walls, the middle chamber inclosing the flame of the arc and having a transparent wall surrounding the are closely for preventing the gases produced by the are from condensing on said walls, said configuration of the walls being at the line of demarcation of the deposits, said chambers above and below the arc chamber being freely communicating" mi-ddle chamber, the said walls of the globe consisting partly of glass and partly of metal, said chambers above and below the are condensation thereon,

with an inverted conical chamber being freely communicating with each other only through said arc-chamber 10. In an arc lamp specially adapted for the use of impregnated or flaming arcs, a. globe divided into three walled spaces, the arc space having' a wall surrounding the arc closely so as to be heated for preventing said spaces communicating with each other only through said arc-space and the walls of said spacehaving changes of configuration for securing a clear line'of demarcation of the deposits at said changes.

11. An arc lamp globe or inclosure especially adapted to the carbons, and divided into a plurality of superposed walled spaces by a walled space for the arc, said are space having a wall shape surrounding to be heated for preuse of impregnated the arc-closely so as venting the gases produced by the are from condensing thereon.

12. An arc lamp globe for use with impregnated or flaming arcs, including a walled space having a wall where the light mainly issues, upwardly inclined with respect to the arc or general alinement of electrodes, surrounding the flaming are closely so as to be heated for preventing the gases at their boundaries produced by the are from condensing on said wall. r

13. In an arc lamp, having a globe or inclosure for usew-ith impregnated or-flaming arcs, a' walled space or chamber for the are having a wall where the light mainly issues of an inverted conical shape, arranged close to the are so as to be heated for preventing the gases produced by the are from condensing on said wall.

14. An arc lamp globe specially adapted to the use of impregnated carbons, and divided into .a plurality of superposed chambers by a middle chamber inclosing the are formed by a series of circular contractions in the globe,the wall of the middle chamberhaving a conical shape and surrounding the are closely soas to be' heated forpreventing the gases produced by the arc from condensing thereon. 4

15. In an arc lamp specially adapted to the use of impregnated carbons, having a'gl obe, a chamber inclosing the are, formed by a series of circular contractions in theglobe, the wall of the arc inclosingchamber having a conical shapetand surrounding the are closely so as to be heated for preventing the gases produced by the are from condensing thereon; y

In testimony that I claimthe foregoing as ,my invention, I have signed in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

TITO LIVIO CARBONE.

Witnesses C. P. Gonrnn,

ASHER BLUM.

my name

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