USPP9708P - Apple tree `Fla. 90-3` - Google Patents
Apple tree `Fla. 90-3` Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP9708P USPP9708P US08/522,983 US52298395V US9708P US PP9708 P USPP9708 P US PP9708P US 52298395 V US52298395 V US 52298395V US 9708 P US9708 P US 9708P
- Authority
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fla
- fruit
- anna
- tree
- apple
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000021185 dessert Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000232997 Anna Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588694 Erwinia amylovora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001337928 Podosphaera leucotricha Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000011842 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010036039 Serrate-Jagged Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010154 cross-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000037387 scars Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7418—Malus domestica, i.e. apples
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- the cultivar, Fla. 90-3 is a new apple invention with a distinct low-chilling and dormancy requirement. This present invention resulted from our breeding efforts to produce deciduous tree fruits adapted to mild winters of subtropical climates. Contrast is made to Anna, the standard apple cultivar of low winter cold requirement that is adapted and grown throughout subtropical climates of the world.
- Fla. 90-3 apple tree (genotype) was originated by the breeders in the tree fruit breeding plots at the University of Florida, located at Gainesville, Fla. N.J. 38 (seed parent) was hybridized by Anna (pollen parent) in 1975 resulting in 4 selected siblings which were planted in isolation from other apples and permitted to fruit. Seed from fruit of the 4 selections were collected in 1986 to form a bulked polycross. Resulting seedlings from the polycross were planted in 1987 in university orchard evaluation plots at Gainesville, Fla. 90-3 was selected in 1990 and has been tested in Fla. 90-3.
- This invention has been propagated asexually by grafting onto standard seedlings and on MM106 rootstock as a uniform cultivar and is found to be adapted to mild winter climates as occurs in subtropical conditions.
- the grafted scions have retained the described characteristics of the fruiting trees.
- the asexual reproduction of this tree was performed at the above identified University facilities.
- Fla. 90-3 apple tree is a low-chilling, winter dormancy requirement (estimated chilling requirement equivalent to Anna apple or about 300 chill units) and bears early ripening sweet and low acid fruit. Trees of Fla. 90-3 bloom with Anna apple at Gainesville but ripen in early June about a week before Anna. Fruit tast much sweeter than Anna and are noticeably lower in sourness (acidity), even when green ripe. Fruit range 20 to 30% red overcolor and have a green ground color compared to 50% for Anna and are about the same size (120 g or 6.5 cm diameter). Fruit shape is round-conic. Fruit are uniform in shape and size and mature in about 105 to 110 days after full bloom. Trees produce a moderately vigorous semi-spreading tree with good crotch angles with a simispur-type bearing habit.
- Fla. 90-3 is highly resistant to fire blight incited by Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winalow and has moderate resistance to powdery mildew incited by Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell. & Ev.) Salm.
- the tree and fruit of Fla. 90-3 may vary in slight details due to variations in soil types, cultural practices, and climate conditions.
- the present botanical description is that of the cultivar grown under the ecological conditions prevailing at Gainesville, Fla.
- FIG. 1 depicts at the top, a row of typical whole specimens of fruit produced by this tree with the top left specimen oriented to show the stem end of the fruit, the top center fruit being positioned to show the blossom end of the fruit, and the specimen on the right placed to show the fruit in side view.
- These specimens reflect the external characteristics of skin ground color and over-color, pattern of over-color, lenticels, stem, calyz and basin characteristics.
- samples of sectioned fruit are shown with the specimen on the left being sliced on the core axis of the fruit to show the flesh coloration, core lines, calyx tunnel, and fruit stem in close range.
- the specimen on the right has been bisected to show the fruit internal characteristics in cross section, to indicate flesh texture, core lines, carpels and seed.
- FIG. 1 At the bottom of FIG. 1, on the left, the top surface of a typical mature leaf is shown with the leaf petiole remaining and the stipules attached. On the bottom right, a similar leaf is shown with the bottom surface exposed; these samples having margins, coloration and venation characteristic of this tree.
- FIG. 2 shows stems of different maturity.
- the top two stems are newly formed and the bottom stem shows the coloration of an older stem with the faded lentical color.
- This photograph depicts the color of newly formed bark, the size, density, shape and orange color of lenticels, axillary bud size, shape and tomentum, and leaf scale scars characteristic of this tree.
- Petals Petal color day prior to opening spinel red--plate 3, lines 5H fading to whitish plate 3 line 1C. There are 16 to 20 anthers per flower which are cream plate 9, line 2D. Petals average 19 mm long and 13 mm wide. Young leaves at 40 mm long and 25 mm wide appearing with open flowers from mixed buds are Brunswick green--(plate 22, line 10L). Flower color, shape, and size are similar to Anna.
- Shape Round-conic.
- Skin Smooth, light bloom, medium thickness, and conspicuous lenticels.
- Basin Medium depth and breath, rounded.
- Carpels Emarginate at stem end, acuminate at distal end.
- Maturity season Ripens early June at Gainesville, Fla., a week before Anna or about 105 to 110 days after full bloom.
- Pruning/training requirements Vigorous growth on young trees may require heading. Should be trained as trees of standard semi-spur cultivars.
- Branch angles Desirable branch angles, 70 to 90 degrees with little tendency for back inclusions in crotch.
- Bark Current-year stems in winter are reddish on sun-exposed surface, greenish on underside. Lenticels on one-year wood are raised and most numerous toward base with orange tent fading to white upon sun exposure (FIG. 2), similar to Anna, a unique characteristic of few apple cultivars.
Abstract
This invention termed, Fla. 90-3, is a new and distinct apple tree (Malus xdomestica Borkh) adapted to subtropical climates with mild winters. It was derived in the breeding attempt to obtain a low winter chilling requirement dessert apple, ripening one week before Anna ripens, with high fruit quality. The tree is a seedling of known parentage, [(NJ38×Anna)F2 ], planted in 1987 in the University of Florida fruit breeding orchard near Gainesville, Fla. The tree was selected and tested in Fla. 90-3. Fruit taste much sweeter (Brix 13.0 to 14.0) and less sour (acidity) than Anna cultivar.
Description
The cultivar, Fla. 90-3, is a new apple invention with a distinct low-chilling and dormancy requirement. This present invention resulted from our breeding efforts to produce deciduous tree fruits adapted to mild winters of subtropical climates. Contrast is made to Anna, the standard apple cultivar of low winter cold requirement that is adapted and grown throughout subtropical climates of the world.
Fla. 90-3 apple tree (genotype) was originated by the breeders in the tree fruit breeding plots at the University of Florida, located at Gainesville, Fla. N.J. 38 (seed parent) was hybridized by Anna (pollen parent) in 1975 resulting in 4 selected siblings which were planted in isolation from other apples and permitted to fruit. Seed from fruit of the 4 selections were collected in 1986 to form a bulked polycross. Resulting seedlings from the polycross were planted in 1987 in university orchard evaluation plots at Gainesville, Fla. 90-3 was selected in 1990 and has been tested in Fla. 90-3. This invention has been propagated asexually by grafting onto standard seedlings and on MM106 rootstock as a uniform cultivar and is found to be adapted to mild winter climates as occurs in subtropical conditions. The grafted scions have retained the described characteristics of the fruiting trees. The asexual reproduction of this tree was performed at the above identified University facilities.
Fla. 90-3 apple tree is a low-chilling, winter dormancy requirement (estimated chilling requirement equivalent to Anna apple or about 300 chill units) and bears early ripening sweet and low acid fruit. Trees of Fla. 90-3 bloom with Anna apple at Gainesville but ripen in early June about a week before Anna. Fruit tast much sweeter than Anna and are noticeably lower in sourness (acidity), even when green ripe. Fruit range 20 to 30% red overcolor and have a green ground color compared to 50% for Anna and are about the same size (120 g or 6.5 cm diameter). Fruit shape is round-conic. Fruit are uniform in shape and size and mature in about 105 to 110 days after full bloom. Trees produce a moderately vigorous semi-spreading tree with good crotch angles with a simispur-type bearing habit.
Based on field observations, Fla. 90-3 is highly resistant to fire blight incited by Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winalow and has moderate resistance to powdery mildew incited by Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell. & Ev.) Salm.
The tree and fruit of Fla. 90-3 may vary in slight details due to variations in soil types, cultural practices, and climate conditions. The present botanical description is that of the cultivar grown under the ecological conditions prevailing at Gainesville, Fla.
The color photographic drawing of this disclosure consists of two Figures, as nearly true as is reasonbly possible to make in color illustrations of this type. The Figures show, respectively:
FIG. 1 depicts at the top, a row of typical whole specimens of fruit produced by this tree with the top left specimen oriented to show the stem end of the fruit, the top center fruit being positioned to show the blossom end of the fruit, and the specimen on the right placed to show the fruit in side view. These specimens reflect the external characteristics of skin ground color and over-color, pattern of over-color, lenticels, stem, calyz and basin characteristics. Below the top row, samples of sectioned fruit are shown with the specimen on the left being sliced on the core axis of the fruit to show the flesh coloration, core lines, calyx tunnel, and fruit stem in close range. The specimen on the right has been bisected to show the fruit internal characteristics in cross section, to indicate flesh texture, core lines, carpels and seed. At the bottom of FIG. 1, on the left, the top surface of a typical mature leaf is shown with the leaf petiole remaining and the stipules attached. On the bottom right, a similar leaf is shown with the bottom surface exposed; these samples having margins, coloration and venation characteristic of this tree.
FIG. 2 shows stems of different maturity. The top two stems are newly formed and the bottom stem shows the coloration of an older stem with the faded lentical color. This photograph depicts the color of newly formed bark, the size, density, shape and orange color of lenticels, axillary bud size, shape and tomentum, and leaf scale scars characteristic of this tree.
The following is a detailed botanical description of the new and distinct variety of scion apple tree Fla. 90-3 with flowers, fruit, and tree as base on observations near Gainesville, Fla. with color descriptions according to "A Dictionary of Color", by Maerz and Paul published by McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., 1930. The present apple tree, Fla. 90-3, including flowers and fruit may vary in slight detail due to climatic, soil conditions, and cultural practices under which the variety may be grown.
Corolla: Average of 40 mm in diameter at anthesis
Petals: Petal color day prior to opening spinel red--plate 3, lines 5H fading to whitish plate 3 line 1C. There are 16 to 20 anthers per flower which are cream plate 9, line 2D. Petals average 19 mm long and 13 mm wide. Young leaves at 40 mm long and 25 mm wide appearing with open flowers from mixed buds are Brunswick green--(plate 22, line 10L). Flower color, shape, and size are similar to Anna.
Shape: Round-conic.
Size: Average diameter 6.5 cm and 120 g weight.
Color: Ground color shadow green (plate 20, line J3) with 20 to 30% reddish bluish (plate 4, lines L7 to 10) on sun-exposed cheek.
Skin: Smooth, light bloom, medium thickness, and conspicuous lenticels.
Stem: Medium size and thickness.
Basin: Medium depth and breath, rounded.
Calyx: Persistent, recurred.
Core lines: Top shaped.
Core: Median, closed.
Carpels: Emarginate at stem end, acuminate at distal end.
Seeds: Full complement, acute.
Texture: Crisp, not melting, medium grained, moderate browning upon exposure to air.
Quality: Sweet, low acidity, rich, full flavor, very good for season.
Color: White at maturity, (plate 2, line 7A).
Maturity season: Ripens early June at Gainesville, Fla., a week before Anna or about 105 to 110 days after full bloom.
Use: Early summer dessert apple.
Growth habit: Moderate vigor with round semi-spreading top. Semi-spur type bearing habit. Very precocious, bearing in second-year growth on spurs and terminals.
Leaves: Obovate, acuminate at tip, obtuse at base, serrate edges. Length 9.4 cm, width 5.5 cm, petiole 2.7 cm with 2 stipules at base 3-4 mm. Length to width ratio=1.7.
Pruning/training requirements: Vigorous growth on young trees may require heading. Should be trained as trees of standard semi-spur cultivars.
Branch angles: Desirable branch angles, 70 to 90 degrees with little tendency for back inclusions in crotch.
Pollination: Requires cross pollination for optimum yields of uniform fruit shape. Cross-pollinates with Anna.
Productivity: Moderately productive.
Fruit thinning: Will require thinning to achieve optimum size.
Bark: Current-year stems in winter are reddish on sun-exposed surface, greenish on underside. Lenticels on one-year wood are raised and most numerous toward base with orange tent fading to white upon sun exposure (FIG. 2), similar to Anna, a unique characteristic of few apple cultivars.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct apple tree cultivar as illustrated and described, characterized by a low-chilling requirement and early-ripening fruit having sweet, low acid flesh and good dessert quality based on flavor and crisp flesh. In comparison to Anna, Fla. 90-3 tastes sweeter with much less acid and ripens about 1 week earlier with less red skin color.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/522,983 USPP9708P (en) | 1995-09-05 | 1995-09-05 | Apple tree `Fla. 90-3` |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/522,983 USPP9708P (en) | 1995-09-05 | 1995-09-05 | Apple tree `Fla. 90-3` |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP9708P true USPP9708P (en) | 1996-11-26 |
Family
ID=24083183
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/522,983 Expired - Lifetime USPP9708P (en) | 1995-09-05 | 1995-09-05 | Apple tree `Fla. 90-3` |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP9708P (en) |
-
1995
- 1995-09-05 US US08/522,983 patent/USPP9708P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: THOMAS D. STADSKLEV (MGR.), FLORIDA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SHERMAN, W.B.;REEL/FRAME:007731/0998 Effective date: 19950801 |