USPP9068P - Apple tree: Caudle cultivar - Google Patents
Apple tree: Caudle cultivar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP9068P USPP9068P US08/114,957 US11495793V US9068P US PP9068 P USPP9068 P US PP9068P US 11495793 V US11495793 V US 11495793V US 9068 P US9068 P US 9068P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- delicious
- tree
- red
- apple
- caudle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 18
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- BLKPFVWYBFDTPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6,6-dimethyl-4-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-enyl)acetaldehyde Chemical compound C1C2C(C)(C)C1CC=C2CC=O BLKPFVWYBFDTPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940019097 EMLA Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lidocaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008607 Opuntia megacantha Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002840 Opuntia megacantha Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006538 Opuntia tuna Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021185 dessert Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000037387 scars Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7418—Malus domestica, i.e. apples
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- the subject plant is a new and distinct variety of apple tree that was discovered as a chance seedling of unknown parentage in the orchard of Darrel and Marilynn Caudle in Dryden, Wash.
- the original tree was found in a block of Red Delicious apple trees with Golden Delicious pollenizers in the same orchard.
- This new variety has been asexually reproduced, by bark graft and budding, and fruited through three successive generations in the discoverers' orchard. The characteristics of this variety have remained the same through three generations.
- the varietal name "Caudle Cultivar" is proposed for the subject apple tree.
- This new variety of apple tree is distinguished from other known varieties by its fruit, which has a color pattern of red striping over a greenish-yellow background.
- the green-yellow ground color is identified, using Ridgeway's Color Standards and Nomenclature, as Plate V, color number 27 GY, Tone F Pale Green Yellow.
- the stripe color pattern varies between Nopal Red (Plate 1, color number 3 O-R, Tone I) to Ox Blood Red (Plate 1, color number 1 Red, Tone K).
- the lenticels on the apple are numerous, of medium size, the characteristically colored Sea Foam Yellow (Plate XXXI, color number 25 YGY, Tone F).
- the fruit generally resembles a Red Delicious apple in shape but is more roundish to conical; in addition, the five points, or lobes, are not as prominent as those of a Red Delicious Apple.
- the fruit stem of the new variety is slender and unusually long, typically one and one-half to one and three-quarters inches in length. These distinctive characteristics are all shown in FIG. 1.
- This new variety is further distinguishable by its large leaves. As shown in FIG. 2, the leaf is larger than those of Red Delicious and Golden Delicious leaves.
- This new variety of apple tree also exhibits an unusual growth of the bore shoot of leaves from the central column or pirostele that supports the flowers (and later the fruit).
- the bore shoot (shown at the arrow in FIG. 3) undergoes a distinctive extension in length during the blooming season. Bore shoots of this new variety at full bloom average two and one-half inches in length; while Red Delicious and golden Delicious bore shoots average two inches in length and one and one-quarter inches in length, respectively.
- FIG. 4 shows the bore shoot of this new variety as the apple matures.
- This new variety of apple tree also exhibits an unusual bud extension.
- the bud extension that is, the seasonal growth from the previous year's fruit bud to the principal flower stem, is elongated at full bloom in the subject tree (three-quarters to one inch) as compared to Red Delicious (one-quarter inch) and Golden Delicious (one-quarter to one-half inch) trees. Representative photographs of the bud extensions (taken approximately 80 days after full bloom) are shown in FIGS. 5A (the new variety), 5B (Red Delicious), and 5C (Golden Delicious).
- FIG. 1 shows three typical specimens of mature fruit from the Caudle Tree positioned such that the blossom end, stem end, and side view are revealed to reflect fruit shape.
- FIG. 2 depicts representative leaves from “Red Delicious,” “Yellow Delicious,” and “Caudle,” respectively.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the distinctive bore shoot of this tree in early season.
- FIG. 4 shows the bore shoot at about mid growing season.
- FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C compare the fruit and stems of "Caudle,” “Red Delicious,” and “Yellow Delicious” at about 80 days into the growing season after full bloom.
- This new variety of apple tree has been observed growing on the following root stocks: seedling root stock, EMLA 111, and Malling 9 (NAKB 337).
- the subject trees are vigorous and tall, with a spreading, open growth form. Tree size of the original specimen at age 10 years is about 11 feet wide and 14 feet tall. Average terminal growth each year is approximately 14 to 20 inches.
- the trunk is medium (neither stocky nor slender), with smooth bark.
- the branches are medium (as opposed to slender or thick) and generally straight.
- the subject tree does not exhibit a propensity to form spurs; the spur branching characteristics are similar to a standard Golden Delicious tree.
- the bark of young trees is not a dark as that of Red Delicious trees but darker than the bark of Golden Delicious trees of comparable age.
- the color of one-year dormant wood is Dark Corinthian Purple (Plate XXXVIII-m).
- the mature bark is characteristically dull.
- Tree lenticels are numerous and of medium size. Lenticels on three-year-old wood are more horizontal than those on a standard Golden Delicious tree, which has lenticels that are more round in shape. The straight branchles tend to be medium-jointed with some zigzagging tendency observed. The epidermis is smooth and dull.
- Internodes are of medium length, about one to one and one-half inches, similar to standard Golden Delicious trees. Crotch angles are from about 30 to about 45 degrees from vertical.
- Buds are medium in size and length, and pointed (similar to Golden Delicious). Leaf scars are prominent, similar to Bisbee Red Delicious trees.
- the ovate leaves are distictively large: approximagely five and one-half inches in length and two and three-quarters inch wide.
- the leaves are thick, medium green in color (Ackermann's Green, Plate XVIII-k), and smooth.
- the color of the primary vein on the front side of the leaf is Light Grape (Plate XLI-b).
- the leaf margin is coarsely serrated.
- the petiole is of medium length (about one and one-half to about one and three-quarters inches) and thickness.
- the tomentum of the leaf blades are less pubescent than standard Golden Delicious leaves, and extremely less pubescent than Bisbee Red Delicious leaves.
- the subject tree is characterized by large, showy flowers (FIG. 3).
- the closed flower is pink on the outside of the petals but opens to a mostly white flower.
- the flowers are fertile (i.e., self-fertile and will cross pollinate) and are generally distributed uniformly on the tree. If seed number is reduced without pollination, correspondingly size, type-length diameter ratio is affected, resulting in rounder fruit.
- the flower clusters are loosely arranged.
- the date of bloom is typically the same as adjacent Golden Delicious trees and follows that of adjacent Red Delicious trees by one day or so.
- This new variety is a hardy, productive, and regular bearer.
- the new variety is more productive than Bisbee Red Delicious, and equal to standard Golden Delicious trees. Its susceptibilities to insects and diseases are similar to Red and Golden Delicious apple trees. The tree is not mildew resistant.
- the apples hang very well on the tree and typically ripen 155 to 165 days after full bloom. Thinning is required during heavy bloom years to produce premium-sized fruit. Thinning is required to produce uniform color and appearance.
- the apple of this new variety has less acid than standard Golden Delicious apples, and more acid than Bisbee Red Delicious apples, at optimum long-term controlled atmosphere harvest levels:
- Average fruit size at harvest with adequate thinning is 3.23 inches in diamter and 3.75 inches in length.
- the calyx basin averages 1/2 inch in depth and 3/4 inch in width.
- the fruit has a closed calyx, and the calyx tube is small and long.
- the cavity at the stem end is approximately one inch deep and 3/4 inch wide and is symmetrical.
- the stem length averages 1.45 inches.
- the cone area is medium in size and the halves are equal.
- the apples are of best quality. The apples begin to take on stripes in mid-September and these improve until mid-October harvest. Comparable harvest dates are: Standard Golden Delicious harvest, September 10-20; Red Delicious harvest, Sep. 24-October 4; and Caudle Cultivar harvest, October 7-25. No. water core has been observed. Normal fruit size will average size 80-88, using USDA fruit grades.
- the apple skin is smooth, dull and of medium thickness and toughness. The apple bloom is very light. Skin is tougher than standard Golden Delicious, but not as tough as Bisbee Red Delicious. The basin of the fruit is more pointed than standard Golden Delicious, but not as Bisbee Red Delicious. The cavity is deeper and narower than standard Golden Delicious and Bisbee Red Delicious.
- the flesh is white, firm, crisp, and juicy, with a characteristic subacid, aromatic flavor.
- the fruit is less susceptible to russet than standard Golden Delicious.
- the shelf life and keeping quality of the apple are exceptional and greatly exceed those of both Red Delicious and Golden Delicious apples.
- the apple is dessert quality, comparable with Red Delicious and Golden Delicious, and has a longer storage capability.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new variety of apple tree of unknown parentage, bearing apples of exceptional shelf life and keeping quality, exhibiting distinctive fruit coloration and shape, a long stem, large leaves, and unused bore shoot and bud extension.
Description
The subject plant is a new and distinct variety of apple tree that was discovered as a chance seedling of unknown parentage in the orchard of Darrel and Marilynn Caudle in Dryden, Wash. The original tree was found in a block of Red Delicious apple trees with Golden Delicious pollenizers in the same orchard. This new variety has been asexually reproduced, by bark graft and budding, and fruited through three successive generations in the discoverers' orchard. The characteristics of this variety have remained the same through three generations. The varietal name "Caudle Cultivar" is proposed for the subject apple tree.
This new variety of apple tree is distinguished from other known varieties by its fruit, which has a color pattern of red striping over a greenish-yellow background. The green-yellow ground color is identified, using Ridgeway's Color Standards and Nomenclature, as Plate V, color number 27 GY, Tone F Pale Green Yellow. The stripe color pattern varies between Nopal Red (Plate 1, color number 3 O-R, Tone I) to Ox Blood Red (Plate 1, color number 1 Red, Tone K). The lenticels on the apple are numerous, of medium size, the characteristically colored Sea Foam Yellow (Plate XXXI, color number 25 YGY, Tone F). The fruit generally resembles a Red Delicious apple in shape but is more roundish to conical; in addition, the five points, or lobes, are not as prominent as those of a Red Delicious Apple. The fruit stem of the new variety is slender and unusually long, typically one and one-half to one and three-quarters inches in length. These distinctive characteristics are all shown in FIG. 1.
This new variety is further distinguishable by its large leaves. As shown in FIG. 2, the leaf is larger than those of Red Delicious and Golden Delicious leaves.
This new variety of apple tree also exhibits an unusual growth of the bore shoot of leaves from the central column or pirostele that supports the flowers (and later the fruit). The bore shoot (shown at the arrow in FIG. 3) undergoes a distinctive extension in length during the blooming season. Bore shoots of this new variety at full bloom average two and one-half inches in length; while Red Delicious and golden Delicious bore shoots average two inches in length and one and one-quarter inches in length, respectively. FIG. 4 shows the bore shoot of this new variety as the apple matures.
This new variety of apple tree also exhibits an unusual bud extension. The bud extension, that is, the seasonal growth from the previous year's fruit bud to the principal flower stem, is elongated at full bloom in the subject tree (three-quarters to one inch) as compared to Red Delicious (one-quarter inch) and Golden Delicious (one-quarter to one-half inch) trees. Representative photographs of the bud extensions (taken approximately 80 days after full bloom) are shown in FIGS. 5A (the new variety), 5B (Red Delicious), and 5C (Golden Delicious).
Additional features of the subject apple trees are described in detail below.
FIG. 1 shows three typical specimens of mature fruit from the Caudle Tree positioned such that the blossom end, stem end, and side view are revealed to reflect fruit shape.
FIG. 2 depicts representative leaves from "Red Delicious," "Yellow Delicious," and "Caudle," respectively.
FIG. 3 illustrates the distinctive bore shoot of this tree in early season.
FIG. 4 shows the bore shoot at about mid growing season.
FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C compare the fruit and stems of "Caudle," "Red Delicious," and "Yellow Delicious" at about 80 days into the growing season after full bloom.
Growth form: This new variety of apple tree has been observed growing on the following root stocks: seedling root stock, EMLA 111, and Malling 9 (NAKB 337). The subject trees are vigorous and tall, with a spreading, open growth form. Tree size of the original specimen at age 10 years is about 11 feet wide and 14 feet tall. Average terminal growth each year is approximately 14 to 20 inches. The trunk is medium (neither stocky nor slender), with smooth bark. The branches are medium (as opposed to slender or thick) and generally straight. The subject tree does not exhibit a propensity to form spurs; the spur branching characteristics are similar to a standard Golden Delicious tree. The bark of young trees is not a dark as that of Red Delicious trees but darker than the bark of Golden Delicious trees of comparable age. The color of one-year dormant wood is Dark Corinthian Purple (Plate XXXVIII-m). The mature bark is characteristically dull. Tree lenticels are numerous and of medium size. Lenticels on three-year-old wood are more horizontal than those on a standard Golden Delicious tree, which has lenticels that are more round in shape. The straight branchles tend to be medium-jointed with some zigzagging tendency observed. The epidermis is smooth and dull. Internodes are of medium length, about one to one and one-half inches, similar to standard Golden Delicious trees. Crotch angles are from about 30 to about 45 degrees from vertical.
Leaves: Buds are medium in size and length, and pointed (similar to Golden Delicious). Leaf scars are prominent, similar to Bisbee Red Delicious trees. The ovate leaves are distictively large: approximagely five and one-half inches in length and two and three-quarters inch wide. The leaves are thick, medium green in color (Ackermann's Green, Plate XVIII-k), and smooth. The color of the primary vein on the front side of the leaf is Light Grape (Plate XLI-b). The leaf margin is coarsely serrated. The petiole is of medium length (about one and one-half to about one and three-quarters inches) and thickness. The tomentum of the leaf blades are less pubescent than standard Golden Delicious leaves, and extremely less pubescent than Bisbee Red Delicious leaves.
Flowers: The subject tree is characterized by large, showy flowers (FIG. 3). The closed flower is pink on the outside of the petals but opens to a mostly white flower. The flowers are fertile (i.e., self-fertile and will cross pollinate) and are generally distributed uniformly on the tree. If seed number is reduced without pollination, correspondingly size, type-length diameter ratio is affected, resulting in rounder fruit. The flower clusters are loosely arranged. The date of bloom is typically the same as adjacent Golden Delicious trees and follows that of adjacent Red Delicious trees by one day or so.
This new variety is a hardy, productive, and regular bearer. The new variety is more productive than Bisbee Red Delicious, and equal to standard Golden Delicious trees. Its susceptibilities to insects and diseases are similar to Red and Golden Delicious apple trees. The tree is not mildew resistant.
The apples hang very well on the tree and typically ripen 155 to 165 days after full bloom. Thinning is required during heavy bloom years to produce premium-sized fruit. Thinning is required to produce uniform color and appearance. The apple of this new variety has less acid than standard Golden Delicious apples, and more acid than Bisbee Red Delicious apples, at optimum long-term controlled atmosphere harvest levels:
______________________________________ Pressure Soluble Solids Acid ______________________________________ Caudle 16# 12 .400 Golden Del. 16# 11 .500 Bisbee Del. 17# 10.3 .270 ______________________________________
Average fruit size at harvest with adequate thinning is 3.23 inches in diamter and 3.75 inches in length. The calyx basin averages 1/2 inch in depth and 3/4 inch in width. The fruit has a closed calyx, and the calyx tube is small and long. The cavity at the stem end is approximately one inch deep and 3/4 inch wide and is symmetrical. The stem length averages 1.45 inches. The cone area is medium in size and the halves are equal.
The apples are of best quality. The apples begin to take on stripes in mid-September and these improve until mid-October harvest. Comparable harvest dates are: Standard Golden Delicious harvest, September 10-20; Red Delicious harvest, Sep. 24-October 4; and Caudle Cultivar harvest, October 7-25. No. water core has been observed. Normal fruit size will average size 80-88, using USDA fruit grades. The apple skin is smooth, dull and of medium thickness and toughness. The apple bloom is very light. Skin is tougher than standard Golden Delicious, but not as tough as Bisbee Red Delicious. The basin of the fruit is more pointed than standard Golden Delicious, but not as Bisbee Red Delicious. The cavity is deeper and narower than standard Golden Delicious and Bisbee Red Delicious. The flesh is white, firm, crisp, and juicy, with a characteristic subacid, aromatic flavor. The fruit is less susceptible to russet than standard Golden Delicious. The shelf life and keeping quality of the apple are exceptional and greatly exceed those of both Red Delicious and Golden Delicious apples. The apple is dessert quality, comparable with Red Delicious and Golden Delicious, and has a longer storage capability.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of apple tree substantially as shown and described.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/114,957 USPP9068P (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | Apple tree: Caudle cultivar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/114,957 USPP9068P (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | Apple tree: Caudle cultivar |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USPP9068P true USPP9068P (en) | 1995-03-07 |
Family
ID=22358489
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/114,957 Expired - Lifetime USPP9068P (en) | 1993-08-31 | 1993-08-31 | Apple tree: Caudle cultivar |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | USPP9068P (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6901696B2 (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2005-06-07 | Roy Henry Wiersma | Method of plant propagation using root bark-grafting to sections |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USPP6588P (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1989-02-07 | Hauenstein A.G. | Apple tree named Rafzubin |
-
1993
- 1993-08-31 US US08/114,957 patent/USPP9068P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USPP6588P (en) * | 1987-06-15 | 1989-02-07 | Hauenstein A.G. | Apple tree named Rafzubin |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6901696B2 (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2005-06-07 | Roy Henry Wiersma | Method of plant propagation using root bark-grafting to sections |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CAROUSEL APPLE, INC., WASHINGTON Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CAUDLE, DARREL D.;CAUDLE, MARILYNN M.;REEL/FRAME:007119/0468 Effective date: 19940720 |