USPP8729P - Strawberry plant called `Sweet Charlie` - Google Patents
Strawberry plant called `Sweet Charlie` Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP8729P USPP8729P US07/936,347 US93634792V US8729P US PP8729 P USPP8729 P US PP8729P US 93634792 V US93634792 V US 93634792V US 8729 P US8729 P US 8729P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- strawberry
- sweet
- pajaro
- charlie
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 244000307700 Fragaria vesca Species 0.000 title 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 abstract description 22
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GVBNSPFBYXGREE-CXWAGAITSA-N Visnadin Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)OC2=C1C=CC1=C2[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@H](C)CC)C(C)(C)O1 GVBNSPFBYXGREE-CXWAGAITSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001480007 Phomopsis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465180 Botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222199 Colletotrichum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123536 Colletotrichum acutatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001116459 Sequoia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7409—Fragaria, i.e. strawberries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- a new and distinct variety of strawberry originated from a hand pollinated cross of FL 80-456, an anthracnose-resistant (Colletotrichum spp.) clone, and Pajaro (a 1980 strawberry release from the University of California) and has been asexually propagated by runners at the University of Florida, Agricultural Research and Education Center, Dover, Fla.
- the seeds resulting from the controlled hybridization were germinated in a greenhouse and the resulting seedlings were planted and allowed to produce daughter plants (by asexual propagation). Two daughter plants from each seedling were transplanted to raised beds. These plants later fruited and one pair was selected from its outstanding fruit quality and high yield.
- the new variety, FL 85-4925 has been asexually propagated by runners annually and further test plantings have established that during asexual multiplication, the vegetative and fruit characteristics of the original plants are maintained.
- the new strawberry, called "Sweet Charlie” is distinguished by its earliness of producing its cupped leaves, its response to pests, and its sweet fruit.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph of the present strawberry plant.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph of pieces of fruit from the present strawberry plant.
- the pedigree of the present strawberry (FL 85-4925) is from a cross of FL 80-456, an anthracnose-resistant clone and Pajaro, a 1980 strawberry release from the University of California, which is extremely susceptible to anthracnose fruit rot.
- FL 80-456 is a cross between FL 77-163 and FL 78-1832.
- FL 78-1832 is a cross between Dover and LA-2556.
- Pajaro is a cross between Sequoia and 63.7-101.
- Size Medium (smaller and more compact than Oso Grande). The plants are measured in a fruiting field in May range in height from 19 to 26 cm, and width from 29 to 42 cm.
- Leaflets range in length from 75 to 100 mm and are stiff with numerous hairs.
- the central leaflet has an obtuse base while the side leaflets have oblique bases.
- the length of mature leaflets varies from 58 to 80 mm; the width from 65 to 78 mm.
- Leaflet margins are rounded dentate, with 21 to 23 serrations per leaflet.
- the bottom of the leaves are yellow green, Munsell 5GY 5/3).
- Flowers and fruit Flowers open at or below canopy height.
- Pedicels attached to mature primary fruit are 100 to 130 mm long, with branching of the inflorescence usually occurring very close to the crown.
- Primary fruit are generally wedge shaped; secondary and later fruit are conical to wedge shaped.
- the skin color of the fruit is more orange (Munsell 5YR 4/10) than is that of Pajaro, Oso Grande, or Grace strawberries.
- the achenes are greenish yellow and slightly recessed.
- Calyx lobes are 20 to 25 mm long and coarsely serrated.
- Ripe fruit are firm, similar to Oso Grande, have a vitamin C concentration of 53 mg/100 g FW, and an average berry weight of 17 g.
- the fruit has a distinctively sweet flavor due to a relatively high sugar/acid ratio.
- Typical dimensions of the berries harvested in mid March are 5.0 cm length and 4.3 cm breadth for primary fruit, and 4.3 cm length and 3.6 cm breadth for secondary fruit.
- the fruit has a tendency to show bruises after precooling more readily than does Oso Grande, and, for this reason, may not be suitable for long distance shipment.
- the plant is resistant to anthracnose fruit rot which contrast to Pajaro which is extremely susceptible to anthracnose fruit rot.
- Pest responses Moderate resistance to anthracnose crown and fruit rot, powdery mildew, and twospotted spider mite; susceptible to Botrytis fruit rot and Phomopsis leaf blight.
- the plant appears to be highly resistant to anthracnose fruit rot caused by C. acutatum Simmonds.
- the strawberry is more resistant to anthracnose crown and fruit rot, but less resistant to Phomopsis fruit rot, than is Pajaro or Oso Grande.
- Asexual reproduction The plant has been asexually reproduced primarily by rooting of cuttings but has been reproduced by budding. The recommended planting date is early to mid October. Plants start to flower in early to mid November, and the harvest season generally lasts from early December until early April.
- Distinctive features The most distinctive features of the variety are its earliness of production (for a short day type), its anthracnose crown and fruit rot resistance, and the sweet flavor of its fruit.
- DNA comparison A comparison of three varieties of strawberries, Sweet Charlie, Pajaro, and Oso Grande using the United States Dept. of Agricultures RAPD protocol was made for a comparison of the varieties at the DNA level. Different banding patterns indicated the difference in DNA sequences using two different primers (#564 and #534 from the University of British Columbia). The three varieties yielded distinct, easily distinguishable DNA fragments.
- Table I shows a comparison of postharvest composition and quality of several strawberry cultivars. Sweet Charlie is compared with Oso Grande and Selva for ascorbic acid levels, percent of soluble solids, percent of titratable acids, pH and texture before storage and again after one week storage at 7° C.
- Table II shows the yield and average fruit size of several strawberry cultivars and compares Sweet Charlie with Oso Grande, Pajaro and Selva as to marketable yield, cull yield, and as to size.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct strawberry variety which originated from seed produced by a hand-pollinated cross between FL 80-456 and Pajaro, is provided. The new strawberry is distinguished by its earliness of production, its cupped leaves, its reponse to pests, and its sweet fruit.
Description
A new and distinct variety of strawberry originated from a hand pollinated cross of FL 80-456, an anthracnose-resistant (Colletotrichum spp.) clone, and Pajaro (a 1980 strawberry release from the University of California) and has been asexually propagated by runners at the University of Florida, Agricultural Research and Education Center, Dover, Fla. The seeds resulting from the controlled hybridization were germinated in a greenhouse and the resulting seedlings were planted and allowed to produce daughter plants (by asexual propagation). Two daughter plants from each seedling were transplanted to raised beds. These plants later fruited and one pair was selected from its outstanding fruit quality and high yield. The new variety, FL 85-4925, has been asexually propagated by runners annually and further test plantings have established that during asexual multiplication, the vegetative and fruit characteristics of the original plants are maintained. The new strawberry, called "Sweet Charlie", is distinguished by its earliness of producing its cupped leaves, its response to pests, and its sweet fruit.
The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the fruit and leaves of the new variety in color.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of the present strawberry plant; and
FIG. 2 is a photograph of pieces of fruit from the present strawberry plant.
The following is a detailed description of the pomological characteristics of the subject strawberry. Where dimensions, sizes, colors, and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood that such characteristics are approximations of averages set forth as accurately as practicable. The pedigree of the present strawberry (FL 85-4925) is from a cross of FL 80-456, an anthracnose-resistant clone and Pajaro, a 1980 strawberry release from the University of California, which is extremely susceptible to anthracnose fruit rot. FL 80-456 is a cross between FL 77-163 and FL 78-1832. FL 78-1832 is a cross between Dover and LA-2556. Pajaro is a cross between Sequoia and 63.7-101.
The description reported herein is from specimens grown at Dover, Fla.
Type: Short day The strawberry is described as an early fruiting short-day type because it produces fruit earlier in the season (i.e., from December through February) than does the Pajaro or Oso Grande strawberries.
Size: Medium (smaller and more compact than Oso Grande). The plants are measured in a fruiting field in May range in height from 19 to 26 cm, and width from 29 to 42 cm.
Productivity: Medium-high (22-34 MT/ha) The seasonal fruit yield (overall productivity) is generally less than that of Oso Grande strawberry. The strawberry has been a good plant-maker (stolen producer) in the nursery (similar to Oso Grande), yet tends to produce fewer stolens than Oso Grande in the fruit production field, a desirable characteristic. Runner control, by pruning, is required to maximize productivity. This strawberry is not adapted for mechanical harvest.
Leaves: Petioles range in length from 75 to 100 mm and are stiff with numerous hairs. Leaflets are generally cupped, medium to dark green (L*=31.4, a*=4.7, b*=5.4 [L*a*b* color notation system]) (Munsell 7.56Y 3/1), semiglossy, scabrous, and obovate. The central leaflet has an obtuse base while the side leaflets have oblique bases. The length of mature leaflets varies from 58 to 80 mm; the width from 65 to 78 mm. Leaflet margins are rounded dentate, with 21 to 23 serrations per leaflet. The bottom of the leaves are yellow green, Munsell 5GY 5/3).
Flowers and fruit: Flowers open at or below canopy height. Pedicels attached to mature primary fruit are 100 to 130 mm long, with branching of the inflorescence usually occurring very close to the crown. Primary fruit are generally wedge shaped; secondary and later fruit are conical to wedge shaped. External fruit color is orange red (L*=36.2, a*=30.3, and b*=43.6); internal color is orange streaked with white. The skin color of the fruit is more orange (Munsell 5YR 4/10) than is that of Pajaro, Oso Grande, or Grace strawberries. The achenes are greenish yellow and slightly recessed. Calyx lobes are 20 to 25 mm long and coarsely serrated. Ripe fruit are firm, similar to Oso Grande, have a vitamin C concentration of 53 mg/100 g FW, and an average berry weight of 17 g. The fruit has a distinctively sweet flavor due to a relatively high sugar/acid ratio. Typical dimensions of the berries harvested in mid March are 5.0 cm length and 4.3 cm breadth for primary fruit, and 4.3 cm length and 3.6 cm breadth for secondary fruit. The fruit has a tendency to show bruises after precooling more readily than does Oso Grande, and, for this reason, may not be suitable for long distance shipment. The plant is resistant to anthracnose fruit rot which contrast to Pajaro which is extremely susceptible to anthracnose fruit rot.
Pest responses: Moderate resistance to anthracnose crown and fruit rot, powdery mildew, and twospotted spider mite; susceptible to Botrytis fruit rot and Phomopsis leaf blight. The plant appears to be highly resistant to anthracnose fruit rot caused by C. acutatum Simmonds. The strawberry is more resistant to anthracnose crown and fruit rot, but less resistant to Phomopsis fruit rot, than is Pajaro or Oso Grande.
Asexual reproduction: The plant has been asexually reproduced primarily by rooting of cuttings but has been reproduced by budding. The recommended planting date is early to mid October. Plants start to flower in early to mid November, and the harvest season generally lasts from early December until early April.
Distinctive features: The most distinctive features of the variety are its earliness of production (for a short day type), its anthracnose crown and fruit rot resistance, and the sweet flavor of its fruit.
DNA comparison: A comparison of three varieties of strawberries, Sweet Charlie, Pajaro, and Oso Grande using the United States Dept. of Agricultures RAPD protocol was made for a comparison of the varieties at the DNA level. Different banding patterns indicated the difference in DNA sequences using two different primers (#564 and #534 from the University of British Columbia). The three varieties yielded distinct, easily distinguishable DNA fragments.
Table I below shows a comparison of postharvest composition and quality of several strawberry cultivars. Sweet Charlie is compared with Oso Grande and Selva for ascorbic acid levels, percent of soluble solids, percent of titratable acids, pH and texture before storage and again after one week storage at 7° C.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Comparison of postharvest composition
and quality of several strawberry cultivars.
mg/100 g % FW % FW
% FW Sol- Titrat- Tex-
FW Ascorbic uble able ture
Cultivar
Loss Acid Solids
Acid pH (N)
______________________________________
Before
Storage
Sweet 52.63 a.sup.y
7.0 a 0.664 b
3.58 a
7.25 b
Charlie
Oso 34.43 b 4.6 c 0.690 a
3.63 a
8.13 b
Grande
Selva 40.23 b 6.0 b 0.984 a
3.49 b
10.99 a
1 week
at 7° C.
Sweet 7.76 a 56.43 a 6.7 a 0.651 b
3.75 a
6.93 b
Charlie
Oso 12.05 a 40.46 b 5.3 b 0.846 ab
3.58 b
7.80 b
Grande
Selva 9.96 a 44.03 b 5.9 b 0.965 a
3.61 b
10.20 a
______________________________________
.sup.y Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test, P
0.05.
Table II shows the yield and average fruit size of several strawberry cultivars and compares Sweet Charlie with Oso Grande, Pajaro and Selva as to marketable yield, cull yield, and as to size.
TABLE 2
______________________________________
Yield and average fruit size of
several strawberry cultivars at AREC-Dover..sup.zy
______________________________________
Marketable yield
(flats/acre).sup.x
Cultivars 87-88 89-90 90-91
______________________________________
Sweet Charlie
3157a 1755b 530ab.sup.w
Oso Grande -- 2301a 421b
Pajaro 2509b 1129c --
Selva 1964c 1615b 596a
______________________________________
Cull yield
(flats/acre)
Cultivars 87-88 89-90 90-91
______________________________________
Sweet Charlie
665a 561a 90b
Oso Grande -- 826a 52b
Pajaro 632a 583a --
Selva 393b 452a 151a
______________________________________
Size
(g/fruit)
Cultivars 87-88 89-90 90-91
______________________________________
Sweet Charlie
17a 16c 20a
Oso Grande -- 20a 19a
Pajaro 17a 18b --
Selva 15b 15c 14b
______________________________________
.sup.z This data was taken from Albregts et al. 1989 and 1990 and Chandle
et al. 1992.
.sup.y Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test, P
0.05.
.sup.x One flat = 4.65 kg.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of strawberry plant, substantially as illustrated and described, characterized by its earliness of production, disease resistance, and the sweet flavor of its fruit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/936,347 USPP8729P (en) | 1992-08-28 | 1992-08-28 | Strawberry plant called `Sweet Charlie` |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/936,347 USPP8729P (en) | 1992-08-28 | 1992-08-28 | Strawberry plant called `Sweet Charlie` |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP8729P true USPP8729P (en) | 1994-05-17 |
Family
ID=25468501
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/936,347 Expired - Lifetime USPP8729P (en) | 1992-08-28 | 1992-08-28 | Strawberry plant called `Sweet Charlie` |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP8729P (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP9866P (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-04-22 | Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc. | Strawberry plant called `Rosa Linda` |
| USPP16766P2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2006-07-04 | State Of Queensland Through Its Department Of Primary Industries | Strawberry plant named ‘QHI Sugarbaby’ |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP4538P (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-05-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant |
| USPP8035P (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1992-11-17 | BHN, A Joint Venture | Strawberry plant called "Grace" |
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 US US07/936,347 patent/USPP8729P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP4538P (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-05-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant |
| USPP8035P (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1992-11-17 | BHN, A Joint Venture | Strawberry plant called "Grace" |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Voss. 1992. Hortscience 27: 1256 1260. * |
| Voss. 1992. Hortscience 27: 1256-1260. |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USPP9866P (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-04-22 | Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc. | Strawberry plant called `Rosa Linda` |
| USPP16766P2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2006-07-04 | State Of Queensland Through Its Department Of Primary Industries | Strawberry plant named ‘QHI Sugarbaby’ |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| USPP20363P2 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘Florida Radiance’ | |
| USPP26368P3 (en) | Blackberry plant named ‘Camila’ | |
| US20140373228P1 (en) | Blackberry plant named 'Amara' | |
| USPP9696P (en) | Raspberry plant cv. `Godiva` | |
| USPP32984P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘UCD Valiant’ | |
| USPP35665P2 (en) | Blueberry plant named ‘DrisBlueTwentyNine’ | |
| US20020002717P1 (en) | Apple rootstock named 'jm1' | |
| US20110162119P1 (en) | Strawberry plant named Sweet Ann | |
| USPP21720P3 (en) | Blueberry variety named ‘Sky Blue’ | |
| USPP8729P (en) | Strawberry plant called `Sweet Charlie` | |
| USPP21761P3 (en) | Blueberry variety named ‘Sunset Blue’ | |
| US20060130195P1 (en) | Apple tree rootstock named 'G.202' | |
| USPP8543P (en) | Flowering crab apple/apple rootstock `Geneva 65` | |
| USPP34989P3 (en) | Blueberry plant named ‘C14-771’ | |
| USPP36233P2 (en) | Strawberry plant variety named ‘Plared 19106’ | |
| USPP34976P3 (en) | Blueberry plant named ‘C12-069’ | |
| USPP35578P2 (en) | Raspberry plant named ‘DrisRaspTwentyThree’ | |
| USPP32137P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘A13-26’ | |
| USPP35046P2 (en) | Apple tree rootstock named ‘G.484’ | |
| USPP33285P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘A13-07’ | |
| USPP11446P (en) | Strawberry plant named `NJ8614-2` | |
| USPP32112P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘A13-72’ | |
| USPP32078P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘A13-29’ | |
| USPP32825P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘A13-71’ | |
| USPP31580P3 (en) | Strawberry plant named ‘American Aroma 10’ |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FLORIDA FOUNDATION SEED PRODUCERS, INC. A CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HOWARD, BILLIE L., ADMINISTRATRIX OF THE ESTATE OF CHARLES M. HOWARD, DECEASED.;REEL/FRAME:006244/0252 Effective date: 19920813 |