USPP7876P - Strawberry plant Shalom - Google Patents
Strawberry plant Shalom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USPP7876P USPP7876P US07/735,695 US73569591V US7876P US PP7876 P USPP7876 P US PP7876P US 73569591 V US73569591 V US 73569591V US 7876 P US7876 P US 7876P
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sup
- shalom
- fruit
- variety
- strawberry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 244000307700 Fragaria vesca Species 0.000 title 1
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 5
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/74—Rosaceae, e.g. strawberry, apple, almonds, pear, rose, blackberries or raspberries
- A01H6/7409—Fragaria, i.e. strawberries
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/08—Fruits
Definitions
- FIG. 1 Photograph of the "Shalom” variety illustrating the foliage and fruit.
- FIG. 3 Photograph of the "Shalom” variety illustrating the entire plant with both flowers and fruit.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of strawberry (Fragaria L.) called "Shalom" is disclosed. The variety is a cross between "Rachel" and "Douglas", which results in a variety that flowers several months earlier than other known strawberry varieties.
Description
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/489,407 filed Mar. 6, 1990, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of strawberry (Fragaria L.) called "Shalom". The variety was developed from an organized scientifically designated breeding program carried out at the Agricultural Research Organization, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. The variety is the product of selection of seedlings resulting from crosses between the strawberry varieties "Rachel" and "Douglas". The variety was asexually vegetatively propagated through runners and the reproduction ran true.
The new variety "Shalom" resembles the variety "Douglas" and is able to grow in September and produce fruit starting in November and lasting until summer. The production of fruit beginning in November is two months earlier than any known variety of Fragaria L. The fruit of the "Shalom" variety is characterized by good taste, good shape and size as well as a long shelf life.
FIG. 1. Photograph of the "Shalom" variety illustrating the foliage and fruit.
FIG. 2. Photograph of the "Shalom" variety illustrating the fruit.
FIG. 3. Photograph of the "Shalom" variety illustrating the entire plant with both flowers and fruit.
The "Shalom" variety was grown in winter under polyethylene tunnels in Israel. "Shalom" is a short day variety that flowers earlier than other known short day length strawberry varieties. Flowering and fruit production is not affected by the use of polyethylene wind tunnels. This production procedure is utilized in normal agricultural practices by the skilled artisan and does not involve temperature or light control. Mother plants were stored at 0° C. from January through April. They were then planted in the nursery without further treatment. Runners with plantlets were produced during summer. These young plantlets were collected from the nursery in September and transferred to raised beds. Average temperatures at that time of the year are 30° C. during the day and 22° C. at night. Water and fertilizers were applied through drip irrigation. An example of an optimum planting date is between September 15th to the 20th with the approximate date of flowering on October 20, and the approximate date of first fruiting on November 20. "Shalom" flowering is not induced by chilling, but by natural exposure to short day length (long nights) characteristic of late fall and early winter. Color readings described herein were taken under natural light conditions and color identifications were made by reference to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (RHSCC), except where common terms of color definition are employed.
The pertinent characteristics of the present invention are presented in Table 1 and Table 2. Additionally, the variety "Shalom" (1) has no tendency toward fruit malformation; (2) disease resistance appears normal in that no particular problematic conditions arose during trials; and (3) the type of bearing is not remontant (e.g., "Shalom" blooms perpetuously, during late fall and winter).
The fruit is longer than broad, with primary, secondary and tertiary fruit possessing a moderately distinct shape (Table 2). The fruit is firm with a dark red color (Table 2).
The variety "Shalom" flowers several months earlier than known strawberry varieties. One of closest known varieties would be "Karina" (Table 1) as well as the new varieties under co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 07/735,969 ("Sharon"), 07/735,968 ("Dorit"), 07/735,967 ("Smadar"), and 07/435,970 ("Saaid"). Additionally, early flowering results in early fruit production for "Shalom" and the four co-pending varieties (Table 3). Total Soluble Solids (TSS), percent acidity and aroma are presented in Table 4 by comparison to the varieties listed in Table 3.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
PLANT CHARACTERISTICS OF "SHALOM"
MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARABLE
TRAIT DESCRIPTION.sup.a
VARIETY.sup.b
______________________________________
Classification
Botanical-
Fragaria L.
Plant habit Flat-Globose "Senagana"
Plant density Dense "Talisman"
Plant vigor Strong "Grande"
Leaf:
a) Length 14-19 cm
b) Width 10-12 cm
c) Color Green Group 147 A
(RHSCC)
1) Upper Side:
Very Dark
d) Blistering Strong
e) Cross-section
Slightly Convex
f) # of leaflets
Sometimes >3
Terminal leaflet
a) Length/Width
Longer than broad
ratio
b) Shape of base
Obtuse
c) Shape of teeth
Rounded
d) Length 5-6 cm
e) Width 4-5 cm
Flower
a) Size Medium "Gorella"
b) Size of calyx to
Same size
corolla
c) Size of inner calyx
Same size
versus outer calyx
d) Spacing of petals
Free
e) Petal length/width
Longer than Broad
f) Time of flowering
Early "Karina".sup.c
Stolon
a) Number Few
b) Thickness Thin
c) Pubescence Weak
d) Anthocyanin
Medium
coloration
Petiole
a) Pose of hairs
Outwards
b) Length 8-13 cm
Inflorescence
a) Position relative
Level
to foliage
______________________________________
.sup.a The description of "Shalom" is based on the test guidelines for
Fragaria L. of the International Union for the Protection of New Plant
Varieties, (UPOV).
.sup.b Only characteristics which are relevant for comparing varieties ar
listed.
.sup.c "Shalom" flowers at the end of October. One of the earliest known
varieties for comparison is "Karina", which flowers in January.
TABLE 2
______________________________________
FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF "SHALOM"
CHARACTERISTIC DESCRIPTION
______________________________________
Time of ripening Early
Ratio of length/maximum width
Longer than Broad
Primary Fruit.sup.a Conical
Length 40-48 mm
Width 28-35 mm
Secondary Fruit Conical
Length 32-35 mm
Width 25-30 mm
Tertiary Fruit Ovoid
Length 25-28 mm
Width 24-25 mm
Size Large
Band without achenes Narrow
Unevenness of surface
Weak
Color Dark red
Evenness of color Even
Glossiness Medium
Insertion of achenes Level with surface
Insertion of calyx Level with surface
Pose of calyx segments
Clasping
Size of calyx in relation
Larger
to fruit diameter
Adherance of calyx Strong
Firmness Firm
Color of Flesh Dark red
Evenness of flesh color
Uneven
Sweetness.sup.b Medium
Color 43 AB circa (RHSCC)
Taste.sup.b Normal
______________________________________
.sup.a There is a moderate difference between the shape of the primary an
secondary fruit.
.sup.b See Table 4.
TABLE 3
______________________________________
COMPARATIVE YIELD OF "SHALOM".sup.a
Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.
______________________________________
Shalom 50 70 80 100 100 70
Sharon.sup.b
40 60 80 80 80 80
Dorit.sup.c
30 70 100 100 100 100
Smadar.sup.d
50 70 100 100 100 50
Saaid.sup.e
0 70 100 100 100 100
Douglas.sup.f
0 0 40 150 150 150
Chandler.sup.g
0 0 30 150 150 120
______________________________________
.sup.a Average yield in g/m.sup.2 in Ramat Hadar, Israel (1989-90). The
time of ripening for "Shalom" fruit is early.
.sup.b U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,969. The time of ripening for
"Sharon" fruit is very early.
.sup.c U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,968. The time of ripening for
"Dorit" fruit is early.
.sup.d U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,967. The time of ripening for
"Smadar" fruit is very early to early.
.sup.e U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,970. The time of ripening for
"Saaid" fruit is early to medium.
.sup.f U. S. Plant Pat. No. 4,487. The time of ripening for "Douglas"
fruit is late.
.sup.g U. S. Plant Pat. No. 5,262. The time of ripening for "Chandler"
fruit is late.
TABLE 4
______________________________________
COMPARATIVE FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF
"SHALOM"
T.S.S..sup.a
Acidity.sup.b
in % in % Aroma Taste
______________________________________
Shalom 8.0-9.0 1.0 4 Normal
Sharon.sup.c
6.5-7.0 1.0 3 Slightly
Acidic
Dorit.sup.d
8.5-9.5 1.0 5 Good
Smadar.sup.e
8.5-9.5 1.0 5 Good
Saaid.sup.f
8.0-9.0 1.0 3 Normal
Douglas.sup.g
6.5-7.0 0.8 3 Slightly
Acidic
Chandler.sup.h
6.5-7.0 0.8 3 Slightly
Acidic
______________________________________
.sup.a Total Soluble Solids expresses fruit sweetness and was determined
with a refractometer.
.sup.b Percent of acidity was determined as follows: 2 cc of juice extrac
was mixed with 20 cc of water. Five drops of fenolfthaleinen was added an
the mixture was titrated with NaOH. The percent acidity is calculated as
the quantity of NaOH (cc) × 0.32.
.sup.c U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,969.
.sup.d U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,968.
.sup.e U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,967.
.sup.f U. S. application Ser. No. 07/735,970.
.sup. g U. S. Plant Pat. No. 4,487.
.sup.h U. S. Plant Pat. No. 5,262.
Claims (1)
1. A new distinct variety of strawberry substantially as illustrated and described and distinguished as being able to grow in September and produce fruit starting in November and lasting until summer, with fruit having a good taste and shape and a long shelf life.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/876,838 US5444179A (en) | 1989-03-17 | 1992-04-30 | Infra short-day strawberry types |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL143089 | 1989-03-17 | ||
| IL1430/89 | 1989-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USPP7876P true USPP7876P (en) | 1992-06-02 |
Family
ID=11042918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/735,695 Expired - Lifetime USPP7876P (en) | 1989-03-17 | 1991-07-25 | Strawberry plant Shalom |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USPP7876P (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5444179A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1995-08-22 | State Of Israel, Ministry Of Agriculture | Infra short-day strawberry types |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL37082A (en) * | 1971-06-17 | 1976-12-31 | Ramy Sela | Physical exercise machine |
| USPP4487P (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1979-11-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant |
| USPP5262P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Chandler` |
| USPP5263P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Parker` |
| USPP5264P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-31 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Soquel` |
| USPP5268P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-08-07 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Santana` |
| USPP6578P (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-01-31 | Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant called `Oso Grande` |
| USPP7024P (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1989-09-12 | Driscoll Strawberry Associates, Inc. | Strawberry plant `Commander` |
| USPP7172P (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1990-02-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant called Irvine |
-
1991
- 1991-07-25 US US07/735,695 patent/USPP7876P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL37082A (en) * | 1971-06-17 | 1976-12-31 | Ramy Sela | Physical exercise machine |
| USPP4487P (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1979-11-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant |
| USPP5262P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Chandler` |
| USPP5263P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Parker` |
| USPP5264P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-31 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Soquel` |
| USPP5268P (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-08-07 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant `Santana` |
| USPP6578P (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-01-31 | Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant called `Oso Grande` |
| USPP7024P (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1989-09-12 | Driscoll Strawberry Associates, Inc. | Strawberry plant `Commander` |
| USPP7172P (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1990-02-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Strawberry plant called Irvine |
Non-Patent Citations (10)
| Title |
|---|
| Bringhurst, R. S. and Voth, V., 1989; Fruit Var. J. 43(1):12 19. * |
| Bringhurst, R. S. and Voth, V., 1989; Fruit Var. J. 43(1):12-19. |
| Dubinsky, V., 1985; M.Sc. Thesis, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot, Israel (Hebrew original and English translation). * |
| Howard, C. M. and Albregts, E. E., 1980; HortScience 15(4):540. * |
| Izsak, E. (1978) Hassadeh 59:443 446. * |
| Izsak, E. (1978) Hassadeh 59:443-446. |
| Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1983) Hassadeh 63:2100 2103. * |
| Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1983) Hassadeh 63:2100-2103. |
| Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1984) Hassadeh 64:1774 1777, 1778 1781. * |
| Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1984) Hassadeh 64:1774-1777, 1778-1781. |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5444179A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1995-08-22 | State Of Israel, Ministry Of Agriculture | Infra short-day strawberry types |
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