USPP35069P2 - Apple tree named ‘Nicored’ - Google Patents
Apple tree named ‘Nicored’ Download PDFInfo
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- USPP35069P2 USPP35069P2 US17/890,167 US202217890167V USPP35069P2 US PP35069 P2 USPP35069 P2 US PP35069P2 US 202217890167 V US202217890167 V US 202217890167V US PP35069 P2 USPP35069 P2 US PP35069P2
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- nicored
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- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 11
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 9
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 31
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008369 fruit flavor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015197 apple juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010154 cross-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005094 fruit set Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021232 nutrient availability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;6-oxido-4-sulfo-5-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N=NC3=C4C(=CC(=CC4=CC=C3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 SWGJCIMEBVHMTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Definitions
- Botanical classification Malus domestica Borkh.
- Varietal denomination The varietal denomination of the claimed apple tree variety is ‘Nicored’.
- Apples are an economically important crop. Accordingly, there exists a need to develop new varieties of apple tree with improved characteristics, such as fruit appearance and quality.
- the present invention is directed to an improved variety of apple tree.
- the invention relates to a new and distinct variety of apple tree ( Malus domestica Borkh.), which has been denominated as ‘Nicored’.
- the ‘Nicored’ apple tree variety is illustrated by the accompanying photographs which show various morphological features of the tree.
- the colors shown are as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographic procedures.
- the colors in the photographs may vary with lighting conditions and, therefore, color characteristics of this new variety should be determined with reference to the observations described herein, rather than from the photographs alone.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the seven-year-old ‘Nicoter’ source mother tree and the mutated branch of this tree (‘Nicored’) is shown in the red circle.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the seven-year-old ‘Nicoter’ source mother tree (right-hand side) and the mutated branch of this tree (‘Nicored’) is shown in the red circle. On the left-hand side are trees of ‘Nicoter’. The trees shown are shortly before harvest.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the seven-year-old ‘Nicoter’ source mother tree at harvest and the mutated branch of this tree (‘Nicored’) is shown above the black horizontal line.
- FIG. 4 illustrates fruit from ‘Nicored’ (left box) and fruit from ‘Nicoter’ (right box) harvested from the seven-year-old ‘Nicoter’ source mother tree having the ‘Nicored’ mutation.
- FIG. 5 illustrates fruit of ‘Nicored’ (left side) next to fruit of the source variety ‘Nicoter’ (right side). Harvested fruit were photographed in September 2016 in Eppan (Bozer).
- FIG. 6 illustrates a grafted shoot of ‘Nicored’ with fruit (red circle) grafted onto the source variety ‘Nicoter’.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the source tree ‘Nicoter’ (left tree) and mutant tree ‘Nicored’ (right tree). Trees were two-years-old and were photographed in August 2019 in Kaiserau (Bozen).
- FIG. 8 illustrates a six-year-old ‘Nicored’ tree.
- FIG. 9 illustrates the grading scheme used to quantify starch content in fruit.
- ‘Nicored’ differs from its parent and also similar variety ‘Nicoter’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,201)(also the source variety of ‘Nicored’) in that for ‘Nicored’ the intensity of the fruit over color is dark, the hue of the fruit over color is purple red, the relative area of the fruit over color is large, and the fruit over color is present at 100 days post-bloom, whereas for similar variety ‘Nicoter’ the intensity of the fruit over color is medium, the hue of the fruit over color is red, the relative area of the fruit over color is medium, and the fruit over color is absent at 100 days post-bloom.
- ‘Nicored’ differs from the similar variety ‘Gala’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,637) in that the fruit flavor of ‘Nicored’ has a sweet and sour balance, whereas the fruit flavor of ‘Gala’ is primarily sweet. In addition, ‘Nicored’ fruit maintains a firm crispy texture after storage, whereas ‘Gala’ fruit has a tendency to soften after storage.
Landscapes
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinctive variety of a Malus domestica Borkh. apple tree named ‘Nicored’, particularly characterized by its improved fruit color relative to its parent ‘Nicoter’, is disclosed.
Description
Latin name: Botanical classification: Malus domestica Borkh.
Varietal denomination: The varietal denomination of the claimed apple tree variety is ‘Nicored’.
Apples are an economically important crop. Accordingly, there exists a need to develop new varieties of apple tree with improved characteristics, such as fruit appearance and quality.
In order to meet these needs, the present invention is directed to an improved variety of apple tree. In particular, the invention relates to a new and distinct variety of apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.), which has been denominated as ‘Nicored’.
The present variety ‘Nicored’ was discovered in September 2010 as an improved color strain/mutation on a standard ‘Nicoter’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,201) tree that was present in the Applicant's orchard in Eppan an der Weinstraße, Italy. This mutant tree was observed again in 2011 to evaluate the stability of the improved fruit color phenotype relative to the parent/source ‘Nicoter’ tree.
Asexual reproduction of the ‘Nicored’ apple tree variety, which took place in Laimburg, Italy in August 2011 by grafting of one-year-old scions onto M9T337 rootstock, shows that the foregoing and all other characteristics and distinctions are true to type and are established and transmitted through succeeding asexual propagations.
The ‘Nicored’ apple tree variety is illustrated by the accompanying photographs which show various morphological features of the tree. The colors shown are as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographic procedures. However, the colors in the photographs may vary with lighting conditions and, therefore, color characteristics of this new variety should be determined with reference to the observations described herein, rather than from the photographs alone.
The following description sets forth the distinctive characteristics of ‘Nicored’. The following botanical description of ‘Nicored’ is based on observations of the originally identified tree, and asexually reproduced progeny. Unless otherwise indicated, the descriptions are from trees that are four (4)-years old grown at a test location in Geldermalsen, The Netherlands.
Certain characteristics, as well as the phenotype, of this variety may vary with changing environmental conditions (e.g., light, temperature, moisture, etc.), nutrient availability, or other factors. Quantified measurements are expressed as an average of measurements taken from a number of individual plants of the new variety. The measurements of any individual plant, or any group of plants, of the new variety may vary from the stated average. Color descriptions and other terminology are used in accordance with their ordinary dictionary descriptions, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. All color references are from The RHS Colour Chart of The Royal Horticultural Society of London (RHS) (Sixth Edition, 2015).
- Tree:
-
- Type.—Ramified.
- Tree habit.—Spreading.
- Vigor.—Medium.
- Height.—Approximately 3.00 m.
- Width.—Approximately 1.00 m.
- Caliper.—Approximately 35 mm on average at 500 mm above the graft union in 4-year-old trees on M9 T337 rootstock.
- Trunk bark texture.—Smooth.
- Trunk bark color.—RHS N200B (Brown).
- Primary branches.—Spreading; branches emerge at an angle of approximately 10 to approximately 30 degrees, with branches higher in the tree emerging at approximately 30 degrees. Trees are planted as a 2-year-old tree from the nursery with site feathers. The typical and observed lateral branch length is 50 cm (first primary branch above the graft union and arising from the main stem).
- Branch color.—One-year old branches are RHS 200D (Brown), while older branches are RHS 200B (Brown).
- Branch pubescence.—Absent.
- Branch lenticels.—Approximately 3-4 per square cm. Shape: round and elongated. Color: RHS 198C (Greyed-green). Size: Approximately 1 mm long by approximately 1.5 mm wide.
- Branch surface texture.—Relatively smooth.
- Internodes.—Average internode length is approximately 4 cm for a 1-year-old shoot.
- Bearing.—On spurs.
- Hardiness.—US zone 5.
-
- Leaves:
-
- Texture.—Upper surface: smooth. Lower surface: with upright leaf veins.
- Pubescence.—Upper surface: not present. Lower surface: slightly hairy.
- Sheen.—Shiny.
- Length.—104 mm.
- Width.—66 mm.
- Margin.—Irregular, every 2-3 mm, more sharp than round.
- Tip (apex) surface.—More sharp than round.
- Stipules.—Relatively wide. Length: Average 15 mm. Width: Average 3 mm at base.
- Upper surface texture.—Slightly hairy. Lower surface texture: slightly hairy. Apex shape: obtuse. Base shape: truncate.
- Leaf color.—Upper surface: RHS 137A (Green). Lower surface: RHS 138B (Green).
- Leaf vein color.—RHS 138C (Green).
- Petiole length.—30 mm.
-
- Flower:
-
- General.—Size: 13.48 mm +/− 1.81 mm. Diameter: Approximately 38.57 mm +/− 6.47 mm when fully flattened. Shape: Radially symmetrical-rotate (actinomorphic).
- Flower bud.—Shape: Obtuse. Color: Unopened bud: RHS 178B (Greyed-red). Opened bud: RHS N144A (Yellow-green).
- Petals.—Number: 5 per flower. Length: 22.99 mm +/− 1.68 mm. Width: 13.48 mm +/− 1.81 mm. Shape: obovate. Base: truncate/cylindrical waisted. Apex: obtuse. Arrangement: Free/touching. Petal color determined on an open flower: Upper petal surface: RHS N155B (White) to RHS 63B (Red-purple). Lower petal surface: RHS N115B (White) to RHS 63B (Red-purple)(Veins). Petal color determined at balloon stage: RHS 63B (Red-purple).
- Sepals.—Number: About 5 per flower. Shape: cordate. Apex: acuminate. Base: broad. Length: 7.49 mm +/− 1.21 mm. Width: 4.44 mm +/− 0.55 mm. Color: RHS 143B (Green). Arrangement: Free.
- Pedicel/peduncle.—Apples do not have branched inflorescences, and hence do not have pedicels. The flower stalk of an apple is the peduncle. Length: Approximately 16 mm. Diameter: Approximately 2 mm. Color: RHS N144A (Yellow-green).
- Stamen.—Number: Approximately 16-18 per flower. Position of anthers is above the stigmas, didynamous. Length: 8.22 mm +/− 1.72 mm. Filament color: RHS 155C (White).
- Anthers.—Number: About 16 per flower. Color: RHS 155B (White). Unopened anther color: RHS 4D (Yellow). Pollen color: RHS 4C (Yellow).
- Pistil.—General: located in the middle of the flower with 5 styles. Length: 12.12 mm +/− 1.16 mm. Number: Typically 5 pistils per flower. Arrangement in flower: Radial. Color: RHS 151C (Yellow-green). Color of stigma: RHS 4C (Yellow). Color of styles: RHS 151B (Yellow-green).
- Pollination requirements.—Exemplary cross pollination varieties for fruit set include ‘Idared’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Gala’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Golden Hornet’, and ‘Everest’.
- Fragrance.—Fresh, soapy clean scent.
- Bloom season (Time of beginning of flowering).—Early to medium. In 2022, first blossom opened on April 11, full bloom by April 24, and end of blooming by May 2.
-
- Fruit:
-
- General.—Measurements are the average of 15 typical ‘Nicored’ apples. Size: 70-75 mm. Length: Approximately 66 mm. Width: Approximately 73 mm. Shape: Conic, no ribbing or lobes. Calyx eye fully open, shape of calyx tube is waisted, width of eye basin is medium/broad, depth is medium. Basin: Shape: waisted. Width: Approximately 23 mm. Depth: Approximate 6 mm. Cavity: Width: Approximately 23 mm. Depth: Approximately 6 mm. Depth of stalk cavity and width of stalk cavity is medium like ‘Golden Delicious’.
- Fruit stem.—Length: Approximately 17 mm. Diameter: Approximately 2 mm. Color: RHS N144A (Yellow-green). Locules: 5. Length: Approximately 17 mm. Width: Approximately 11 mm.
- Fruit skin.—Tendency to crack: Some over-mature fruit cracks around the stem. Thickness: Relatively thin. Surface texture: Smooth. Lenticels: Present, about 4 per cm2. Diameter: Approximately 0.4 mm. Color: RHS N155A (White). Color: General color effect: RHS 45B (Red). Ground color RHS 10B (Yellow). Over color: RHS 60B (Red-purple)(with bloom removed). Pattern of over color: Only solid flush. Relative area of over color: Large. Width of fruit stripes: No stripes, only solid flush. Russetting: Absent or very low. Bloom: Absent or very weak.
- Flesh.—Flavor: ‘Nicored’ flavor can be described as a blend of a juicy ‘Gala’ and a tangy-sweet ‘Braeburn’. It has a balanced sweet and sour flavor and a crisp texture. ° Brix: Minimum 12, average of 14. Juiciness: Very juicy. Color: RHS 12A (Yellow). Aroma: Full-flavored apple juice with a sweet-sour balance. Firmness: 7-8 kg/cm2 at harvest.
- Core.—Shape: Elliptical. Diameter: Approximately 35 mm. Number of bundles: Approximately 5 per fruit. Core length: Approximately 30 mm. Calyx tube length: Approximately 12 mm (measured as the length from the calyx end at the point of sepal attachment to the point of calyx tube closure).
- Seed.—Number: About 2 per cell. Shape: Acute/oval. Length: Approximately 7 mm. Width: Approximately 3 mm. Color: RHS 175A (Greyed-orange).
- Fruit production.—Fruit should ideally be harvested once fruit has the target parameters below: Average sugar content=12° Brix. Minimum firmness=7 kg/cm2. Streif index (d)=0.11 to 0.19. Minimum starch content=3 to 5.5 (ideally 3-4)(See
FIG. 9 for starch measurement scale). - Time of fruit eating maturity.—Late. In 2021, optimum harvest time was between September 26 and October 4.
- Usage.—Fresh market.
- Storage.—Very good storability under ULO conditions (1° C., 2% O2, CO2) for up to 10 months, ‘Nicored’ keeps very firm and crispy for about 12-14 days at room temperature.
- Shipping quality of fruit.—Excellent, not sensitive to bruising.
- Productivity of fruit.—About 10 kilograms for a 4-year-old tree.
-
‘Nicored’ differs from its parent and also similar variety ‘Nicoter’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 17,201)(also the source variety of ‘Nicored’) in that for ‘Nicored’ the intensity of the fruit over color is dark, the hue of the fruit over color is purple red, the relative area of the fruit over color is large, and the fruit over color is present at 100 days post-bloom, whereas for similar variety ‘Nicoter’ the intensity of the fruit over color is medium, the hue of the fruit over color is red, the relative area of the fruit over color is medium, and the fruit over color is absent at 100 days post-bloom.
‘Nicored’ differs from the similar variety ‘Gala’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,637) in that the fruit flavor of ‘Nicored’ has a sweet and sour balance, whereas the fruit flavor of ‘Gala’ is primarily sweet. In addition, ‘Nicored’ fruit maintains a firm crispy texture after storage, whereas ‘Gala’ fruit has a tendency to soften after storage.
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinct variety of apple tree named ‘Nicored’ as shown and described herein.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US17/890,167 USPP35069P2 (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2022-08-17 | Apple tree named ‘Nicored’ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US17/890,167 USPP35069P2 (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2022-08-17 | Apple tree named ‘Nicored’ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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USPP35069P2 true USPP35069P2 (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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US17/890,167 Active USPP35069P2 (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2022-08-17 | Apple tree named ‘Nicored’ |
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- 2022-08-17 US US17/890,167 patent/USPP35069P2/en active Active
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