US998270A - Scaffold. - Google Patents

Description

E. WHITNEY.

SGAFFOLD.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN.28. 1911. 998,270, Patented July 18,1911.

2SHEETSSHEET1.

EGBEBT WHITNEY, OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

SCAFFOLD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 18, 1911.

Application filed January 28, 1911. Serial No. 605,338.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Earner WHITNEY, c1tizen of the United States, residing at Omaha,

in the county of Douglas and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in scaffolds, .ofwhich the following is a specification.

walls from an outside scaffold.

from windows or other orifices through the walls of thebuilding, or to hang temporary scaffolds from depending members supported upon the upper edge of the frame or walls being constructed. This class of scaffolds necessitates the knocking down of the same and the reerection of the scaffold every five or six feet of theentire height-of the wall during its erection. Scaffolds have also been used which employ drums about which are wound cables depending from an overhanging beam supported at the top of the steel frame of the building. In raising the scaffold the cable is wound about the drum taking up considerable space as it nears the top of the building and increasing the size of the drum, the latter necessitating a corresponding increase in the power for turning the drum when raising a given load.

An object of this invention is to provide a'scaffold which overcomes the above objections and which may be raised or lowered at will against the wall being erected or the steel frame of the building.

The invention contemplates a scaffold which is hung upon a pair of outwardly projecting timbers disposed upon the top of the frameof the building by means of cables which extend down from the timbers toward the ground. The scaffold isprovidedwith an improved mechanismthrough which the cables pass in order toraise or lower'the scaffold.

The improved scaffold is further provided with a double check or braking mechanism engaging with the cable to insure the safety of the workmen when operating the scaffold and while working upon the wall.

knowledge of the details of construction, reference isto be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure]. is a detail perspective view of the improved scafd'oldas applied'to the outer wall-of a building; Fig. 2 is a front eleva- This invention relates to an improved scaffold for use in'the erection of buildings of stone, brick, cement and the like, and especially to that class of buildings which are known as steel or reinforced buildings} wherein it is the custom to form the outeri tion of one of the hoistin frames detached from the scaffold; Fig. 3 1s an edge view of the same; Fig. 4: is a section on the line H of the clutches employed; Fig. 7 is a side Heretofore it has been the custom to erect; temporary" scaffolds upon timbers projectedi top of the building 10 and have their outer ends projecting beyond the side thereof to carry depending cables .12 upon which the scaffold is supported.

The scaffold is formed with a supporting frame at each corner thereof receiving the adjacent depending cable 12, and being provided with novel means hereinafter set. forth,

for moving the frame upon the cable to vertically adjustthe scaffold. The suppcrting frames are of like structure, each one of which comprises'a air of companion bars,

13 and 14 curved e gewise into inverted U- form. The bars Band 14 are spaced apart at their upper closed ends by transversely spaced rollers 15 supported upon rivets 16 passing transversely through the bars andbeing headed against the outer faces thereof. The cable 12 passes down between the bars 13 and 14:, andbetween the rollers 15 which center the-cable in the upper end of the frame. The lower ends of the bars 13 arecurved'back and up providing loops 17, the upper ends of which rest a ainst the inner faces of the lower ends of t e bar 14. Rivets 18 pass through the lower ends of the bar 1.4, the upturned ends of the loops 1?, and the bar 13 to bind thesame together,

the bars being spaced apart by sleeves 19 carried about the rivets 18. A support-ing rod 20 is fitted at its ends in the loops 17 and is headed at its extremities to engage against the outer edges of the loops 17 to hold the rod 20 from longitudinal displacement. f

The upper end of the frame is provided with a pair of companion cross braces 21 secured at their ends across the outer faces of the bars 13 and 14 by rivets 22 passing through the same. Upper-- links 23 are tween the bars 13 and 14 upon the rivets 26, the links 27 being disposed in pairs and being spaced apart by collars 28 carried upon the rivets 26. A pair of vertical clutch members 29 are carried upon the innor ends of the links 23 and 27 and are formed with longitudinal grooves 30 in their inner o posite faces, and are provided with outwar ly extending cars 31 adjacent to their opposite ends fitting between each pair 'of the links 23 and 27. Pins 32 pivotally connect the ears 31 to the links so as to effeet the parallel movement of the clutch members 29. Each of the clutch members 29 is provided with a lateral guide 33, the same being disposed at the opposite sides of the clutches, for engagement in a registering transverse groove 34 formed in the opposite side of the opposite clutch and adapted to hold the clutches in registration with one another. I

Transverse pins 35 are carried between the bars 13 and 14 and support the outer ends of a pair of leaf springs 36 which are turned up at their ends to engage about the pins 35 toprevent the displacement of the-springs I 36. The springs 36 extend in toward the clutch members 29 and pass over stops 37 carried across the upper braces 21. Lips 38 project outwardly from the clutch-members 29 above the upper ears 31 and form shoulders for the reception of the inner ends of the leaf springs 36 to hold the clutch members 29 normally up.

The frame is provided midway of its ends, and against-the bar 13, with a pair of transversely registering brackets 39 held thereon by bolts 40. The bolts 40 pass through the bars 13 and 14 and carry thereabout spacing sleeves 41 to insure the rigid:

ity of the brackets 39 upon the frame. The drum 42 is carried by the frame and has its trunnions jo'urnaled in the outer ends of the brackets 39, and receives thereover the cable'12; The brackets 39 carry the drum 42 at the inner side of the frame so that the cable 12 passes in a straight line up from the by short bolts 46.

drum 42 between the clutch members 29 to prevent the binding of the cable against the lower ends of the same.

As is disclosed in Figs. 2 and 4, the cable 12 is wound about the drum. with but four,

grooves 44 snugly receiving the convolu-' tions of the cable. The. roller 43 is 'jour- -naled inb'rackets 45 which are secured at their'lower ends against the outer face of the bar 14 by the. lower bolts 40, and are held against the bar. 14 at their upper ends The brackets 45 are slotted longitudinally at their ends to' receive the bolts 40 and 46 and to admit of the adjustment of the brackets 45 longitudinally upon the-frame to move the roller 43 toward and from the drum 42.

One end of the drum 42 is provided with a fixed ratchet 47,by means of which the drum is actuated. The drum 42 carries a segment 48 upon one of its trunnions, as at 49, against the outer side of the ratchet 47, the segment 48 having an offset web 50 overhanging the ratchet 47. A supporting arm 51 projects up from the inner edge of the web 50 and hingedly supports a hand lever 52. The arm 51 is provided midway of its ends, and at its inner edge, with a projection 53 formed with alongitudinal slot 54 in which is adjustably positioned a stop-bolt 55. The stop-bolt 55 projects into the path of the lever 52 and engages therewith when to the segment48 when it is desired to swing the segment out from the frame.

The web 50 is relatively narrow to accommodate pawls 56 and 57 hinged upon pins 58 carried through the lower corners of the arm 51 and the upper corners of the segment 48. A- leaf spring 59 is secured mid way of its ends by a screw 60 upon the web 50 and has its opposite extremities resting against the pawls 56 and 57. The pawls 56 and 57 are provided with shoulders 61 determining flat faces arranged at angles upon the pawls and against which the ends of the springs 59 rest when the pawls are turned into or out of operation. The pawl 56 carries an outwardly projecting lug 62 by means of which the pawl is raised out of engagement with the ratchet 47. The hand lever 52 is hinged adjacent to its lower end upon the upper extremity of the arm 51 by a rivet 63. The lower end of the hand lever 52 terminates a short distance I tioned across the supporting rods 20 of each essa-1o disclosed to advantage in Fig. 8, the shoe "of the cable 12. The shoe 64 is provided with spaced upstanding lu 65 receiving therebetween the lower en of the hand lever 52. The lugs 65 are hinged upon the lever 52 by a rivet or pin 66. The lugs 65 are of such length'that when the lever- 52 is swung up againshthe adjacent bar 13 of the frame, the shoe 64 binds tightly against the cable 12 and 'holds the cable and the drum from movement. The bar 13 carries a hook 67 mounted upon a swivel-eye (SS-carried upon the bar 13 in registration with the hand lever 42. The hook 67 is adapted to engage and hold the leveragainst the frame in a locked position. I

In theerection of the scaffold the above described frames are arranged in pairs, the frames facing one another so as to dispose,

the hand "levers 52 convenient to the hand of the o'pera't'ors, as shown in Fig. 1'. End beams 69, of conslderable'thickness, are posipair of frames. The floor or body of the scaffold comprises a nu -ber of longitudinal beams 70 arranged longitudinally across the end beams 69 upon which they are supported.

In raising the scaffold the levers 52 are released from the hooks 67 and swung out from the frames. This movement of'each 'of the levers raises the adjacent brake shoe 64 from the cable 12 and draws the segment 48 around to move the pawls 56 and 57 over the teeth of the ratchet 47. In moving the 1 segment 48 the lower end of the hand lever 5t. strikes the stop-bolt- 55 and limits the outward swinging of the hand lever 52 about the pin-66. The weight of the scaffold now draws the frame down and permits the leaf springs 36 to raisethe clutches 29 and bind the same against the sides of the cable 12. This holds the frame from moving down about the cable 12. The hand lever 52 is now moved in toward the frame, the sameswinging about the pin 63 and binding the shoe 64 against the cable 12 and the drum 42. At the same time the segment 48 is carried with the lever 52, by reason of its binding action against the drum'42, and the pawls 56 and 57 engage with the teeth of'the ratchet 47 to insure the turning of the drum 42. The cable is moved over the drum 42 du'ring its rotation to draw the cable down between the clutches 29 and feed the cable out through the lower end of the frame. By reason of the spring action of the clutches 29 the cable can be drawn down between the clutches, but cannot be moved up therebetween until the clutches are held down by hand. The operation of the'lever 52 is repeatedwhereby the drum is turned a fractionof a revolution at each inward movement ofthe lever 52. v

In lowering the scaffold the clutches 29 ,are drawn down against the tension of the springs 30 and held away from the sides of the cable 12 while the hand lever 52 is movedout from the frame a slight distance to ease up the pressure. of the brake shoe 54 against the cab frame is being lowered the pawls 5 6 and 57 are raised 'out of thepath of the teeth of the ratchet 47, the same being held in such position by the spring 59' engaging against the opposite flattened faces of the pawls, for the purpose of freeing the drum and allowing it to rotate backwardly' beneath the Web 50. j I

. From. this construction and arrangement it is seen that this scaffold adjusting device is adapted for use in connection wlth very e and the drum. Whenthe high buildings wherein a large amount of cable cannot be conveniently carried, and

wherein it is not necessary to knock down and reconstruct the scafioldat each elevation ofethe same.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A scaffold including a supporting frame, a vertical cable passing through the frame, a drum rotatably disposed in the to bind the cable thereagains't, aratchet fixed upon one end of the drum, pawls carried by the segment for engagement with I the ratchet to rotate thedrum, and'a stop carried by the arm for limiting the movement ofthe lever and communicating its movement to the segment.

2. A scaffold including a frame, a cable depending through the frame, a drum mounted upon the frame and receivin' the cable thereabout, and an operating Iever hinged in the frame and havlng connection with the drum for rotating the, same, said operating lever carrying braking means to regulate the passage of the cable through the frame.

3. A scaffold including a vertical cable, a frame engaging about the cable for vertical adjustment, a drum carried by the frame and receiving the cable, operating means carried by the frame for revolving the drum to raise the frame about the cable, and a bra-king mechanism carriedby the frame and having connection to the operating mechanism for controlling the movement of the cable throu h the frame.

. 4. scaffold including a vertical supportanism carried by the bars to engagethe op- 'iposite sides of the cable to hold the frame from moving down thereabout, a feeding drum carried in the frame and engaging the cable, asegment carried-by the frame concentric to the drum, a ratchet carried upon one end of the drum, pawls hinged. upon the segment, a spring carried by the segment and engaging with the pawls to hold the same against the ratchet,shoulders' formed upon the pawls'for engagement with the spring to hold the. pawls'out of engagement with the ratchet, and a brake shoe carried by the segment for engagement against the cable and the drum to control the downward movement of the ame when the pawls are released from the ratchet.

5. A scaffold including a corner frame, a supporting cable for the frame, cooperating clutch members carried in the upper end of the frame for engagement with the cable, a drum mounted upon the frame to receive the cable'thereove'r, a lever carried upon the frame and havingoperativ-e connection with the drum for rotating the same to raise the frame, and a brake shoe carried upon the lever and binding against the drum-to regulate the downward movement of the frame about the cable.

6. A scaffold including a corner frame, a cable passing through the corner frame,=a drum journaled in the frame and receiving the-cable thereover, a lever pivoted in the frame and having connection with the drum for rotating the same, a brake shoe carried by the lever for binding against the cable and the drum during rotation, and a clutch mechanism carriedin the frame to hold the cable from movement therethrough when released by the lever.

7. A scaffold including acorn'er frame, a cable depending through the frame, an operating lever carried by the frame, locking means connected to the lever for engagement with the cable to hold thesame from movement through-the frame, a drum journaled in the frame and having the cable wound thereabout, and'rotating means haveeaavo ing connection with the lever and engaging with the drum for revolving the same.

8. A scaffold including a corner frame, a vertical supporting cable passing through the corner frame, a feeding drum. journaled in the frame and receiving the cable, a clutch carried in the frame for engagement with the cable to hold the frame from downward movement .thereabout, an operating lever carried by the frame and having connection with'the drum to rotate the same, releasing means disposed in the frame and having connection with the drum and the lever to release the drum therefrom, and a brake carried by the lever for engagement with the drum to control the downward movement of the frame when the drum is released.

9. A scaffold including a corner frame, a.

vertical supporting cable passing through the frame, a feeding drum journaled in the frame and receiving the cable, an operating lever carried by the frame and having connection with the drum to rotate the same, a brake carried in the frame for engagement with the drum to control the downward movement of the frame, and connecting means arranged between the brake and the operating lever adapted to apply the brake upon the release of the drum from the lever.

10. A scaffold including a vertical frame, a cable depending through the frame for supporting the .same, an automatic clutch carried in the upper end of the frame and engaging with the cable to normally bind the cable in the frame, a feeding drum journaled in the frame and engaging with the EGBERT WHITNEY. 1. 5.1

Witnesses:

LOTTIE MARTIN, M. S. WHITNEY.

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