US995776A

US995776A - Evaporating and concentrating apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US995776A
Application number: US57253610A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph E Dunn
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-07-18
Filing date: 1910-07-18
Publication date: 1911-06-20
Anticipated expiration: 1928-06-20

Description

J. E. DUNN.

BVAPORATING AND GONGENTRATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1910.

Patented June 20, 1911.

2 SHBBTSSHBET 1.

WITNESSES:

' J. E. DUNN. 4 EVAPORATING AND OONOENTRATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 18, 1910.

995,776, Patented June 20,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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w 35/ i Y 4! w/z/vssszs: l/WE/VTOI? 147' 7' ORA E K rm rrn @TATES PATENT FFTE i JOSEPH E. DUNN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PEIFNSYLVANIA.

EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 20, 1911.

Application filed July 18, 1910. Serial No. 572,536.

' To all whomtt may concern:

ing apparatus of the ascending film type,

but features thereof may be used with bulk circulating apparatus whichreturns liquid for recirculation, my object being to increase the efliciency of apparatus of both types.

Leading purposes of my improvements are to withdraw vapor initially from the heated fluid to be treated and to siphon the films by further vapor created in the separated liquid by its contact with evaporating surfaces.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, the fluid to be treated is delivered to an expansion chamber, whence the liquid descends to a supply chamber and the vapor ascends to a separating chamber connected with the supply chamber by externally heated evaporating tubes containing inter-v nally heated evaporating tubes, vapor being produced in the liquid in the supply chamber by contact with heating surfaces and films or thin layers .ofliquid being carried upwardly from the supply chamber over the heating surfaces to the separating chamber.

My invention comprises the foregoing characteristics and special features adapted to be used therewith, which are fully disclosed in the following description and the accompanying drawings in .illustration thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation :of a multiple effect apparatus embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of an effect having a modified construction; Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of an effect representing a further form of my improvements; and Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the tops of concentric tubes with means for supportin them.

The apparatus, as'represente in Fig. 1, comprises a duct 1 which delivers fluid to be treated to a separator comprising the expansion chamber 2 having its bottom con. nected by a duct 3 with a supply chamber 4 and its top connected by. a duct 5 with a separating chamber 6, the supply chamber being connected with the separating chamber by evaporating tubes 7 passing through the

sheets

8 and 9 formin the ends of the heating chamber 10 which incloses the tubes.

The chamber 10, to which steam is supplied by a conduit 11, is connected by a duct 12 with a heating chamber 13 separated from the supply chamber 4 by the sheet- 14. Tubes 15, communicating with the chamber 13, are set in the sheet 14 and extend upwardly within the tubes 7 preferably .to

terminations below the tops of the latter, the tops of thednner tubes being held in position by spiders 16 (Fig. 4). These tubes 15 have their tops closed excepting small vents 17 adapted for passing any substantial amount of air without passing vapor therethrough.

The tubes 7 extend well into the supply chamber 4 and have their lower ends disposed beneath the discharge endof the duct 3. A baflle 18 is placed in the supply chamber, around thelower end of the tubes, so as to distribute the discharge from the duct 3,

the duct discharging. against the baffle. A

baflle 19, within the chamber 6, surrounds the upper ends of the tubes 7, which extend through the sheet 9 into the separating chamber, the baffle having a lip 19' extending outwardly and downwardly from the 'top thereof. A bafiie 20, having the centrally disposed inverted cone 20 and the skirt 20 extending outwardly and downwardly, is supported in the separating chamber above the tubes 7 by a shaft 21 vertically adjustable in

bearings

22 and 23 by the wheel 24.

A baflle 25 is supported within the chamber 6 above the smaller baffle 20, the larger baffle being of such diameter that a comparatively narrow space 26 is left between it and the wall of the separating chamber for the escape of vapor to the top of the chamber. Tubes 28 provide passages for liquid on the flat baflie 25 to the .bottom of the separating chamber. A vapor conduit 27 leads from the top of the separating chamber, above the bafile 25, and a liquid duct 29 leads from the bottom of the separating chamber, below the top of the baffle 19. The pipe 29 discharges to a second effect comprising anexpansion chamber 2 connected by a. duct 3 with a supply chamber 4* and by a duct 5 with the separating chamber 6; the supply chamber being connected with the separating chamber by tubes 7 a which pass through the heating chamber 10 to which vapor is delivered by the conduit 27. A duct 12 connects the chamber 10 with a heating chamber 13. Tubes 15 communicate with the chamber 13 and extend upwardly through the chamber 4 through the tubes 7 to terminations below the tops thereof. A baflle 18" is placed in the supply chamber 4* between the '30, connects the bottom of the chamber 10 with the bottom of the chamber 10 to permit the passage of water, steam or hot va or from one chamber to the other. The not 29 discharges to a third effect com rising the expansion chamber 2 connecte by a duct 3 with the supply chamber 4* and by the duct 5 with the separating chamber 6, the supply chamber and separating chamber bein connected by the evaporating tubes 7 w ich pass through the heating chamber 10 to wh1ch vapor is admitted from the top of the chamber 6 by the conduit 27*. A duct 12 connects the chamber 10 with the heating chamber 13 which communicates with the tubes 15 extending through the chamber 41 upwardly in the tubes 7 to terminations below the tops thereof. A baflle 18 is disposed between the outlet from the duct 3* and the ends of the tubes 7 which extend into the chamber 18". A baifie 19 extends around the upper ends of the tubes thereof. A pipe 30.,s1milar in function to the pipe 30, connects the bottoms of the

chambers

10 and 10 The heated fluid to be treated is admitted to the expansion chamber 2 under control,-the

pressureis relieved, the liquid is discharged from the bottom of the chamber through the duct 3 to the supply chamber 4 and sepa;

rated vapor rises from the top of the expansion chamber through the duct 5 t0 the separating chamber 6, the liquid to be further treated being thus relieved initially of vapor. The supply chamber 4 is preferably kept full of liquid. which fills the tubes 7 say to the level of the sheet 8. The temv pe'r'ature of the comparatively thin cylindrical shell ofliquid in the lower ends of the tubes 7 is raised by contact with the exterior surfaces of the lower ends of the tubes 15 heated by steam rising therein from the chamber 4: -Va-por is thus generated in the supply chamber, primarily'within the lower ends of the tubes 7 and thereby liquid films.

are carried upward along the heating surfaces of the concentric tubes and evaporated. The vapor with the entrained liquid discharged from the tops of the tubes 7 strikes the baffle- 20 which spreads and deflects them downwardly and outwardly, the liquid passing over the lip of the baffle 19 to the bottom of the chamber 6 and the vapor rising around the baffle 25 to the conduit 27. The fluid collected in the bottom of the chamber 6, being discharged through the duct 29 to the chamber 2? and there permitted to expand, the contained vapor is separated, the liquid descending through the duct 3 to the supply chamber 4 and the vapor rising through the duct 5 to the separating chamber 6. The liquid in the supply chamber 4 is carried in the form of films upwardly along the interior surfaces of the tubes 7 and the exterior surfaces of the tubes 15 as previously described. In this',.second eflect, however, the

tubes

7 and 15 are less in -number and larger in diameter than the

tubes

7 and 15, so that with the higher vacuum, thegreater expansion of the vapor and the higher velocity of flow in the second effect, substantially the same amount of evaporation is obtained inthe second as in the first efiect. The vapor separatedfrom the liquid in the chamber 6, being dis charged through the conduit 27 to heat the chamber 10 and the separated liquid being discharged through the duct 29 to the chamber 2, vapor contained in the liquid rises through the duct 5 to the chamber 6" and the liquid remaining descends through the duct 3 to the supply chamber 4, whence ltlS carried upwardly in films in contact with the heating surfaces of the

tubes

7 and 15". These tubes are less in number and larger in diameter than the

tubes

7 and 15, being designed so that they willdo substantially the same amount of evaporation as each of the preceding eflects under the different conditions the third effect being subject to higher vacuum, whereby the expansion of the vapor and the v'elocity of flow are proportionately increased. The fluid delivered from the tubes 7 to the chamber 6 there has the vapor separated from the concentrated liquid, as previously described.

Fig. 2 represents the application \of improvements of my invention toasingle effect,

m which thin cylindrical columns of liquid mixed with vapor arecarried upwardly between concentric tubes and the liquid discharged is returned for recirculation. The

through the duct 31 to the expansion chamextended into the chamber 36. A'heating chamber 39 communicates with the lower ends of tubes 40 which extend upwardly through the chamber 34 into the tubes 37 to terminations below the tops of the latter, the tops of the tubes 40 having vents therein as previously described. A conduit 41 ex- 2 tends downwardly from the bottom of the chamber 36, through the chamber 38, to an outlet near the bottom of the chamber 34, to return liquid from the separating to the supply chamber.

Fig. 3 represents the application of im .provements of my invention to a further form of single efi'ect apparatus, in which liquid is carried upwardly between concentric tubes and returned to the supply chamber. The fiuid to be treated is introduced through the duct 31 into the chamber 32 where vapor is separated from the liquid, the liquid descending through the duct 33 to the supply chamber 34 and the vapor rising through the duct 35 to the separating chamber 36*. A heating chamber 39' communicates with the lower ends of tubes 40 which extend upwardly through the chamber 34 into the tubes 37 to terminations below the tops of the latter, the tops of the tubes 40 having vents therein as previously described. A return pipe or down comer 41 connects the bottom of the separating cham ber 36 with the supply chamber 34 for the return of liquid discharged to the chamber 36 the vapor passing therefrom through the conduit 47. The outer tubes may have their lower ends, extending into the supply chamber, beveled, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and 'as previously shown in my Mexican Patent No. 2014 of 1900.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In an evaporating apparatus, a heating chamber, a set of tubes extending through said heating chamber, a supply chamber communicating with said tubes, a separating chamber to which said tubes discharge, a second set of tubes disposed in said tubes first named, a heating chamber communicating with the interiorof said second set of tubes, and separating means having a duct for delivering liquid to said supply chamber and a duct for delivering vapor to said separating chamber.

2. In an evaporating apparatus, a fluid duct, an expansion chamber into which said duct discharges, a liquid duct leading from the bottom of said chamber, a vapor duct leading from the top of said chamber, a

The

supply chamber into which said liquid duct discharges, a separating chamber into which said vapor duct discharges, tubes connecting said suppl-y chamber and said separating chamber, and a heating chamber through which said tubes pass. I

V 3. In an evaporating apparatus, a supply chamber, a separating chamber, one or more substantially vertical tubes connecting said chambers and extending into said supply chamber, a heating chamber through whlch said tube or tubes extend, one or more tubes disposed in said tube or tubes first named and extending through said supply chamber, and a heat-ing chamber communicating with the ends of said second named tubes passing through said supply chamber.

4. In an evaporating apparatus, upright tubes, tubes within said tubes first named, said second named tubes having their tops closed excepting air vents, a heating cham ber surrounding said tubes, a heating chamber communicating with the lower ends of said second named tubes, a supply chamber communicating with the lower ends of said first named tubes and a separating chamber with which the upper ends of said first named tubes communicate.

5. In an evaporating apparatus, a set of upright tubes, a set of tubes disposed within said tubes first named, said second set of tubes having their upper ends within said first named tubes, -a heat-ing chamber surrounding said tubes, a supply chamber into which the lower ends of said first named tubes extend, a heating chamber communicating with said secondnamed tubes through the lower ends thereof, and a separating chamber in which the upper ends of said first named tubes extend.

6. In an evaporating apparatus, a supply chamber, a separating chamber, a heating chamber, evaporating tubes extending through said heating chamber, said tubeshaving their lower ends extended into said supply chamber, a duct for delivering liquid to said supply chamber above the inlets to said tubes, tubes disposed within the first named tubes, and a heating chamber communicating with said second named tubes.

7. In an evaporating apparatus, a supply chamber, a separating chamber, a heating chamber, a set of tubes extending through said heating chamber, said tubes connecting said supply chamber and said separating chamber, a second set of tubes extending through said first named tubes, a heating chamber communicating with said second named set of tubes, anda duct connecting said heating chambers.

8. In an evaporating apparatus, a set of substantially vertical tubes, a supply chamher into which the lower ends of said tubes extend, a duct for delivering liquid to said supply chamber, and a baflie extending around the ends of said tubes in said supply chamber.

9. In an evaporating apparatus, a separating chamber, a set of tubes discharging into said chamber, a baflle in said chamber above said tubes, a second baflie in said chamber above said bafile first named, a duct for discharging liquid below said first named battle and a conduit for discharging vapor above said second named baflie.

10. In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of several effects each comprising an expansion chambeifla supply chamber, a ductv connecting the bottom of said first named chamber with said supply chamber, a separating chamber, and a duct connecting the top of said first named chamber with said separating chamber, the separating 'chamber of one effect being connected with the expansion chamber of the succeeding eifect. p

11. In an evaporating apparatus, an effect comprising a heating chamber, a set of tubes passing through said heating chamber, a supply chamber communicating with said tubes, and a separating chamber with which said tubes communicate, in combination with a second efiect comprising a heating chamber, passing through said last named chamber a set of tubes of less number and larger diameter than said first named tubes, a supply chamber communicating with said second named tubes, a separating chamber with which said second named tubes communicate, and a duct connecting said first named separating chamber with said second named supply chamber.

12': In an evaporatlng apparatus, effect. 1:. 4 comprising a heating chamber, a set of tubes passing through said heating chamber, a supply chamber communicating with sald tubes, a separating chamber with which said tubes communicate, a second heating chamber, and tubes passing from said second heating chamber through said supply chamber into said tubes first named in combination with a second eflect comprising a heating chamber, passing through said last named chamber a set of tubes of less number and larger diameter than said first named tubes, a supply chamber communicating JOSEPH E. DUNN,-

Witnesses:

ROBERT JAMES EARLEY, Joe. G. DENNY, Jr.