US1005571A - Evaporator. - Google Patents

Description

J. PARKER.

BVAPORATOR.

' APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1910. 1,005,571. Patented Oct. 10, 1911.

s SHEETSSHEET 1.

J. PARKER.

BVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. s, 1910.

Patented Oct. 10, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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J. PARKER.

EVAPORATOR. APPLICATION FILED FEB.8, 1910.

Patented Oct. 10, 1911.

3SHBETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN PARKER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EVAPORATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1911.

Application filed February 8, 1910. Serial No. 542,746.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN PARKER, a subject of the King of Great Britain and he land and the Isle of Man, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Evapo-rators, of which the following is aspecification.

My inventiop relates to that class of evaporators in which the liquor to be evaporated flows in thin films down the inside surface of vertical tubes, being evenly distributed thereon by a current of steam or vapor, preferably from a preceding avaporator.

It consists of means, fully described hereinafter, by which the liquorto beevaporated as well as'the steam used for distributing the same evenly on the surface 9f the evaporating tubes, is fed to the latter in uniform quantities.

It further consists of means by which the vapor and concentrated liquor discharging from the lower ends of the evaporating tubes are thoroughly separated, and also in arranging the parts so that they will be readily accessible for renewals or repairs and making the apparatus more compact and efiicient in operation.

; drawings in which:

These and other features of my invention are fully illustrated in the accompanying Figure 1, is an elevation, partly in section, of one form of evaporating apparatus to which my improvements have been applied; Fig. 2, is a similar view of another form of apparatus embodying my invention; Figs. 3 and 4, are sectional views on the lines aa and bb, of Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 5, is a sectional view of the upper part of the structure shown Fig. 1, taken on the line 0-0.

In the drawings, 1 represents a preparatory apparatus or effect for furnishing steam and liquorto my improved evaporator, indicated at 2, and such preiparatory apparatus may consist of a series 0 vertical tubes 3 extending through a heating chamber 4 and connecting a feed chamber 5' with an upper discharge and separating chamber 6. The liquor to be evaporated enters the feed chamber at 7; the heating or evaporating steam enters the heating chamber at 8, and the water of condensation therefrom discharges at 9. This construction forms that-type of effect familiarly known as a climbing film evaporator, In the operation of this structure a highly saturated mixture of vapor and liquor is pro-' jected from the upper ends of the evaporating tubes 3, through a separator 10 into the chamber 6; the resulting vapor flowing through a pipe 11, and the liquor through a pipe 12 to a chamber 13. The pipe 11 may be rectangular as shown, or any other convenient cross section, and it is connected with the chamber 13 tangentially. I

The chamber 13 is provided with an inner fwall or baffle 14, suitably supported, and

is in open communication with the upper I ends of a series of evaporating tubes 3 inclosed in a heating chamber 4*; the heating ;or evaporating steam for which enters at 1 8, wh11e the water of condensation is discharged from said chamber at 9. These tubes preferably project to a predetermined uniform' height or level above the top of a tube sheet 15 and the lower ends of these tubes are in open communication witha separating chamber at the base of the structure. v

The liquor flows down the interior surface of the tubes 3 and with the vapor from the preceding or preparatory evapo 'rator enters said tubes through suitable spreading devices, indicated at 16, which,

with the accompanying vapor, cause the liquor to spread evenly over the surface of the tubes 3*; undergoing evaporation or concentration in its descent and discharging from said tubes in a substantially finished condition.

At the lower end of the structure 2, a separating chamber is disposed; said chamber extending somewhat below the lower ends of the tubes 3 and being continued up and surrounding the lower end of the heating chamber 4%,, This chamber has a series 'of compartments 17, 18 and 19; the middle .compart-ment' 17 receiving the liquor and vapor discharged from' the tubes 3, of which the liquor passes to the lower compartment 18; discharging at 18, whilethe vapor passes to the upper compartment 19' and may be discharged therefrom through an outlet 20 to a condenser or other receiver.

The concentrated liquor issuing from the lower ends of the tubes 3 is projected against a separator disposed between the compartments 17 and 18. This separator consists of a series of concentrically disposed conical rings 22, and forms the inlet to the liquor compartment 18; said rings being so series of nozzles 24 leading from sald apering a plate 23 at the level of the lower tubesheet- This plate is apertured for the pas sage of vapor from'the compartmentl 'T, and:

on the upper side ofthe same I arrange a tur'es so that any entrained liquor will be projected tangentially against the inner wall of the separating chamber, where-it maybe caught and conveyed back to the" liquorchamber through a pipe or pipes 21.

. The compartment 19 may also have a battle 25, serving in the one instance to divert the vapor into contact with the shell of the ,chamber 4, and, by being flanged, to catch 'an'd hold any possible entrained liquor I which may be subsequentlyxpassed to the chamber 18 by suitable pipes.

I have'shownothe final separating chamber partly surroundingthe lower ends of the heating chamber. One object of this is to enable me to locate/the lower ends of the tubes 3 so that they will be readily accessible for renewal or repairs fromthe out the separator rings may be attached; an-

other object being to materially reduce the side by removing a cover plate 26, to which overall dimensions of the evaporator; In some cases the cover 26 may be formed integral with the bottom of the separating chamber, and the separator rings may be attached thereto. i r

vThestructure shown in Fig. 2, is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1, except the upper portion thereof, providing the necessary communication for the pas sage of liquor and vapor ascendin in the tubes of the evaporating efi'ect 1" to t e tubes of the evaporating eifect 2, for descent therein. For this purpose a single tubular connecting element 11 is provided through which the vapor and liquor is passed from the chamber 6 to the chamber "13; .the latcated at 1, in which case liquor and vaporv from any source would be introduced into i .the chamber 13 or 13*.

I claim: 1. In an evaporatingapparatus, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, and a casing forming a chamber communicating with the lower ends of said tubes and surrounding said heating chamber, said casing receiving the discharge from said tubes and forming a separating chamber and having an outlet for vapor above the lower ends of said tubes and an outlet below said tube ends for the discharge of concentrated liquor.

2. In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a casing forming gaseparating chamber communicating with ithe lower ends of said tubes and surrounding said heating chamber, saidseparating chamber receiving the discharge from said tubes, and walls in said casing forming compartments, one of said compartments hav- ;;ing an outlet for vapor above the lower ends fof said tubes, and another compartment having an outlet below said tube ends for the discharge of concentrated liquor.

3. In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a casing forming a separating chamber communicating with the lower ends of said tubes and surrounding said heat'ng chamber, said separating chamber recei ing the discharge from said tubes, and liquor separating devices in the chamber of said casing, the latter having an outlet for the discharge of vapor above the level of the lower end of tubes and an outlet below said level for the discharge of concentrated 1iquor.- i

4. In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a casing forming a separating chamber communicating with the lower ends of said tubes and surround- .ing said heating chamber, said separating chamber receiving the discharge from said" tubes, walls in said casing forming com partments, and a liquor separating device mounted in one of said walls, one ofsaid compartments having an outlet for the discharge of vapor above the level of the lower end of tubes and another compartment having an outlet below said level for the discharge of concentrated liquor.

5.-In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a separating chamber extending below the lower ends of said tubes and upward around the heating chamber, an apertured, division plate separating said chamber into two compartments, a series of i nozzles leading from said apertures on the upper side ofthis division-plate to deliver entrained liquor to the separating chamber,

and means for conducting the liquor there,

caught back into the lower compartment.

;bination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes fthereln, a separating chamber 6. In an evaporating apparatus, the com-V and upward around the heating chamber,

an apertured division plate at or near the level of the lower ends of the tubes separating said chamber-into two compartments, a series of nozzles leading from said apertures on the upper side of this division plate and so arranged that entrained liquor will be thrown tangentially against the inner surface of the wall of the separating chamber, and means for conducting the liquor there caught back into the lower compartment.

7 In an evaporating apparatus, the combi nation of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a chamber connecting with the lower ends of said tubes and surrounding said heating chamber, and a series of deflecting rings disposed centrally below the evaporating tubes and forming the inlet to a chamber into which the concentrated liquor is passed.

8. In an evaporating apparatus, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a chamber connecting with the lower ends of said tubes and surrounding said heating chamber, and a series of deflecting rings disposed centrally below the evaporating tubes and forming the inlet to a chamber into which the concentrated liquid is passed, said separating chamber having an outlet above the lower ends of the tubes for vapor and an outlet for liquid from the concentrated liquor chamber.

9. In an evaporating apparatus the combination of a heating chamber; vertical evaporating tubes therein; a chamber above and communicating with the upper ends of said tubes so as to deliver liquid and vapor thereto; means for separating the liquid from the vapor so that the former will drop 'to a substantially uniform level and overflow into the evaporating tubes, whileeach of the tubes will receive its due proportion of separated vapor; with a separating chamber connected to receive the liquid and vapor discharged from the tubes; said chamber having a portion extending around the heating chamber.

10. In an evaporating apparatus, the com flowing into the evaporating tubes while each of the tubes receives its dueproportion of the separated vapor.

11. An evaporating apparatus comprising a pair of connected film evaporators, the second of said evaporators receivingat its head partly concentrated liquid and the vapor therefrom coming from the first 'of such evaporators, said second evaporator being provided with a nest of relatively long narrow tubes inclosed in the heating chamber and passing downward to a basal separating chamber, said basal chamber surrounding said heating chamber and receiving the discharge from said tubes and being provided with vapor and liquid separating means.

12. An evaporating apparatus comprising a pair of connected up and down evaporators, said connection being at the head of each, and means beingprovided therein for a separation of the partly concentrated liquid and the vapor therefrom coming from the former, and also means for recontacting such liquid and vapor and passing the same after. contacting into the heating bodies of the latter evaporator, comprising separate conduits for the passage of liquid and vapor from the first to the second evaporator.

13. An evaporating apparatus comprising a pair of connected up and down evaporators, said evaporators terminating at their heads into separating chambers and said chambers being connected by a conduit for partly concentrated liquid, and a conduit for vapor, said vapor entering such chamber tangentially. i

14. In an evaporating apparatus comprising an uptake evaporator delivering partly a concentrated liquid and vapor into a chamber-like extension at its head, a secondor down-take evaporator receiving such liquid and such vapor at a chamber-like extension at its head, a tube nest composed of relatively long and narrow tubes. extending downward through a heating chamber, and a basal chamber receiving liquid and vapor from such tube nest, said basal chamber surrounding the base of the tube nest chamber and being provided with a liquid discharge, a vapor separating baflie below the same, and a plurality of connected vapor chambers leading to a vapor discharge outlet.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses;

JOHN PARKER.

Witnesses: I

P. HOLLINGSWORTH MoRRIs,

A. SAUNDERsMoRRIs.

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