US989996A - Evaporator. - Google Patents

Description

J. PARKER.

EVAPORATOR.

APPLIQATION FILED mm. a, 1910.

Patented Apr. 18,1911.

IwadbI- buLubuLuu ject of the King ,To all concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Be it known-that I, JOHN PARKER, a subof Great Britain and Ireland and the Isle of Man, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in-Evaporators, of whlch the a'following is ar 'specification.

gul'My invention relates to apparatus detain improvements .relatin signed for evaporating liquids; being especially applicable to evaporators of the climbing film? type, and 1t consists of cerdirectly to the chamber of s'uchapparatus in which the separa-tion of the steam and liquor issuing from the evaporatingtubes is efi'ected. In order-to obtain the greatest efliciency from the heating surfaces in evaporators of this class it is essential that the evaporating tubes be of considerable length; and evaporators as usually constructed, with the vapor or separating chamber above the upper or d1sa charge end of the evaporating tubes, constitute a total 'height for which, in some mstances, it is diflicult'to provide, and one object of my invention is to shorten this total length to meet such a contingency.

Afurther-objectof my invention is to so direct vapor and entrained liquorcurrent that a considerable portion of said llquor will'be directed into a trough or receiver,

thus making the final separation more effective, and a still'further object attained by i my Improved arrangement is that I am en- -abled t'osolocate the upper tube sheet of the id-fully pointed out hereinafter, are clearly heating chamber that the tube ends are shown in :theaccompanying drawings, in

-whiclr:'-

Figure- 1, is 'a sectional elevat1on otan evaporator embodying the features or 1mprovements forming the subject of my inventionyFig; 2, is a sectional plan view of hthe same taken on the line H, in Fig. 1,

rand Fig. *3, is a sectional plan view taken on theiline 'b b, Fig. 1.-

f "The evaporating tubes, indicated at 1, are iIICIOSQd WIthiIIS, chamber 2, to which steam admittedat the point 3, and from which the water offcondensation may be dis- Specification of Letters Pa e.

Application filed February 8, 1910. Serial No. 542,747.

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nvnnona'ron Patented Aprils, 1911.

' charged through an outlet 4. The liquor to be concentrated is fed to a chamber 5, in open communication with the lower ends of the tubes 1; such chamber having an inlet 6.

Surrounding the upper portion of the evaporating tubes and the heating chamber 2 in which they are disposed, is a shell or casing comprising an annular wall 7, a top 8 having a cover plate 9, and a bottom 10. The cover plate is convex on its under side for a purpose to be described. This'shell or casing provides a series of chambers or compartments designed to take care of the liquor and the vapor therewith discharging from the tubes 1 to effect the separation of said elements and insure their delivery to separate outletswhen such separation has taken place. Near the top of this shell or casing a trough or receiver 11 is provided, suitably secured thereto and carrying an annular wall 12 surrounding the upper end of the heating chamber 2, and suchwall, together with a sheath 13 also surrounding said heating chamber and servin to prevent liquor encrusting upon the shelhof the same, forms a chamber or channel 14 for the passage of vapor and any liquor entrained therewith to a separating element. This separating element comprises a series of vanes 15 mounted between a bottom plate 16 of'the chamber formed by the wall 12 and sheath 13, and a flange 17 carried by said wall 12, and through this separating element the vapor and entrained liquor passes to a separating chamber. 18. v

The casing is also provided with a circular nge or baffle-'19 secured to the wall 7 of the same, substantially intermediate the top and bottom of said'casing, and an outlet 20 for the vapor disposed above said baflle'. Suitable discharge pipes 21 and 22 are rovided for the liquor; the pipe 21 lea from the trough or receiver 11 and connecting with the pipe 22 which leads from an outlet 23 in the bottom plate 10 of the casing.

In the operation of the structure, the liquor from the feed chamber rises in the evaporating tubes to a level determined by its incoming temperature, and under the influence of the surrounding heat, ascends inthe form of a thinfilxn on the inside surface of said tubes, a portion being evaporated, and the resulting vapor and t e remaining liquid is projected at a high velocity into the diverted thereby in a substantially horizon '3 tal direction; the heavier part or liquor being j thrown outward by its velocity into the trou h or receiver 11, while the vapor, and any liquor that may be entrained therewith, flowsdownward through the annular channel 14 to the separator and through the latter intolthe separating chamber 18. In its iiow down throughthe channel or chamber 14, the liquor will be thrown againstthe up per surface of the bottom plate 16 of the chamber and driven out from the surface of said bottom plate into the separating chamber 18 where it falls to the bottom of the same, and from which it can be removed through the outlet 23 communicating with the pipe 22, while thevapor rises and passes out through the outlet 20. It will thus be seen that in separating the liquor and vapor in this manner, there willbe no liability of the latter being drawn out of the pan bythe vapor current, and in addition, the flange or batileplate 19 on the inside of the separating v chamber prevents any liquid creeping up the sides of the same and entering the outlet pipe 20, i

v I do not wish to confine myself to any specific means of separation within the casing forming the chamber 18, as various devices vmay be employed for this purpose. In some cases, for instance where the quantity of liquor passing from the tubes is small in comparison with the volume of vapor therefrom, the trough or, receiver 11 may be omitted and the vapor and liquor may be separated in the chamber 18. v g j The cover plate 9 carried by the top 8 of the casingis of such a size that when rennoved all of the tubes can be examined,

and if such necessity arises, they may be drawn through the opening closedby said plate.

be valved.

I claim: I I p v p 1. In an evaporator, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a chamber above the upper ends of said tubes and in communication therewith,

said chamber havinga wall extending down-I 1 ng the upper part of ard and surroun '.'said heating chamber with an outlet at the,

bottom of said wall,'and a separating chamber surrounding said downwardly extending I, chamberand'receiving the-discharge therefrom, said slepar ating'chamber be ng providedwith separate outlets for vapor and liquor.

heating chamber, vertical evaporating-tubes- I Imay provlde an escape pipe 25 for any v 1 air or gas trapped in the heating space ofthe chamber 2, and if desired this pipe may I an evaporator, the combination of a therein, a chamber above the upperends of sai tubes P ml in cominunica tion therewith;

having a wall extending down surrounding the upper part of mg: chamber with an outlet at'the no said downwardly extending ii receiving the discharge therevided at its upper end with an outlet for l separating chamber being pro- 7o" ,a d wall, and a separating chamvapor and at its bottom with an outl'etffor ward around the upper gparto't' said heat.-

ing chamber, a. separating chamber S111" rounding said down chamber and receiving the dlscharge therefrom, the latter chamber having an outlet forvvapor atthe" bottom of,

same,'and means for separating vapor, and liquor within said separating chamber.

, 4:. In an evaporator, the combination of a therein, a chamber above the. upper ends of fee heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes said tubes and in communication therewith,

said chamber having a wall extending down- .ward around the upper partofsaid heating chamber, a separating chamber surrounding said down chamber and receivingthed'is' charge therefrom, the latter chamber having an outlet for vapor. at the bottom of the same leading to said separating chamber, and

means for separating vapor and liquor dis-1' posed within said outlet.

. 5. In an evaporatonthe combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a chamber'above the upper ends of said tubes and incommunication therewith said chamber extending downward aroun the upper part of said heating chamber, a.

separating chamber surrounding said down chamber, said separating chamber being. provided at the top with an outlet for vapor and at the bottom with an outlet for liquor, and a trough or receiver located to receive liquor projected from. said tubes and de livered laterally from the vapor in its passage to the separating chamber, said trough having an outlet for the liquor there vcol- ;lected. 7

. 6. In an "evaporator, the combination, of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes.

therein, a chamber above the upper ends o'f'said tubes and in communicatlon therewith, said chamber extending downward around the upper part of saidheating cham-' her, a separatlngychaniber surrounding said down chambensaicl separating chamberbe ing provided at the top with an outlet for vapor and at the bottom with an outlet for liquor, a cover plate for said chamber having a convex surface against which the Honor is projected from the tubes, and a trough located to receive liquid delivered laterally from the vapor in its passage to the separating chamber, said trough having an outlet for the liquor there collected.

7. In an evaporator, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a chamber above the upper ends of heating tubes'and in communication therewith, said chamber having a wall extending downward and surrounding the upper part of said heating chamber with an outlet at the bottom of said wall, a separating chamber surrounding said down chamber and receiving the discharge therefrom, with provision for the outlet of vapor and liquor from said separating chamber at top and bottom of the same respectively, and abatlle plate in said separating chamber below the vapor outlet therefrom.

8. In an evaporator, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein a chamber above the upper ends of said tubes and in communication therewith, said chamber extending downward around the upper part of said heating chamber, a separating chamber surrounding said down chamber and provided at the top with an outlet for vapor and at the bottom with an outlet for liquor, and means for keeping the material undergoing separation away from the shell of the heatlng chamber.

9. In an evaporator, the combination of a heating chamber, vertical evaporating tubes therein, a chamber above the upper ends of said tubes and in communication therewith,

said chamber extending downward around the upper part of said heating chamber and having an outlet at its bottom, curved vanes disposed in said outlet and forming means to impart centrifugal action to the vapor and separate liquor therefrom, a separating chamber surrounding said down passage and provided at the top with an outlet for vapor and at the bottom with an outlet for liquor, and means for keeping the material undergoing separation away from the shell of the heating chamber.

10. In an evaporator of the climbing film type, a tube nest of comparatively long and narrow tubes inclosed in a heatin chamber, a crowning chamber receiving liquor and vapor from said tube nest and depending downward around and encircling the upper part of said heating chamber, and heat insulating means between the upper part of the heating chamber and said depending portion of the crowning chamber.

11. In an evaporator of the climbing film type, a tube nest of comparatively long and narrow tubes inclosed in a heating chamber, a crowning chamber receiving liquor and vapor from said tube nest and depending downward around and encircling the upper part of said heating chamber, and a closed chamber constituting an air space interposed between the upper part of said heating chamber and said depending portion of said crowning chamber.

12. In an evaporator of the climbing film type provided with a heating effect, comprising a nest of comparatively long and narrow tubes inclosed in a heating chamber, a crowning chamber for receiving vapor and concentrated liquor from said tubes, said crowning. chamber having an annular peripheral gutter located near the upper end of said tubes with a downward extension surrounding said heating chamber and having a discharge at the bottom of the same.

13. An evaporator of the climbing film type having a nest of comparatively long and narrow tubes contained in a heating jacket, and having a crowning chamber for receiving concentrated liquor and vapor encircling the upper part of said jacket, said crowning chamber being provided with an annular eripheral gutter near the upper end of said tubes and with an annular vapor passage leading down around said heating jacket but spaced therefrom by heat insulating means.

14. An evaporator of the climbing film type having a nest of comparatively long and narrow tubes contained in a heating jacket, and having a crowning chamber for receiving concentrated liquor and vapor encircling the upper part of said jacket, said crowning chamber being provided with an annular peripheral gutter near the upper end of said tubes and with an annular vapor passage leading down around said heating jacket but spaced therefrom by an annular air chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN PARKER.

Witnesses:

P. I'IOLLINGSWORTH MOUNT, A. SAUNDERS MORRIS.

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