US9951A - Improvement in processes for purifying alcohol - Google Patents
Improvement in processes for purifying alcohol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US9951A US9951A US9951DA US9951A US 9951 A US9951 A US 9951A US 9951D A US9951D A US 9951DA US 9951 A US9951 A US 9951A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alcohol
- improvement
- processes
- oil
- oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001760 fusel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganate Chemical compound [O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000631130 Chrysophyllum argenteum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- CVMIVKAWUQZOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganic acid Chemical compound O[Mn](O)(=O)=O CVMIVKAWUQZOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015041 whisky Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/88—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
Definitions
- my invention consists in destroying by chemical means the fusel-oil and odorous oils found present in alcohol and alcoholic spirits.
- These oils derived from the various matters which have been fermented in obtaining the alcohol and alcoholic Spirits, are more or less abundant in such manufacture, and are distinctive of the source from which each kindot'alcoholor spirit wasobtained.
- the principal oil has been long known by the name of fusel-oil or amylic alcohol, which is also mixed with other bodies, such as acetic acid and butyric acid and ammonia, forming compounds more or less volatile. Besides these compounds there are present in some alcoholic spirits volatile oils which are fragrant and give names to the spirits. These oils inter- 't'ere with the uses of alcohol for many purposes.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE.
LUTHER A v-vooD, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
IMPROVEMENT'INYPROCESSES FOR PURIFYINGIALCOHOL.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 9,951, dated August 23, 1853.
- them for certain uses to which they are not now well adapted and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.
The nature of my invention consists in destroying by chemical means the fusel-oil and odorous oils found present in alcohol and alcoholic spirits. These oils, derived from the various matters which have been fermented in obtaining the alcohol and alcoholic Spirits, are more or less abundant in such manufacture, and are distinctive of the source from which each kindot'alcoholor spirit wasobtained. The principal oil has been long known by the name of fusel-oil or amylic alcohol, which is also mixed with other bodies, such as acetic acid and butyric acid and ammonia, forming compounds more or less volatile. Besides these compounds there are present in some alcoholic spirits volatile oils which are fragrant and give names to the spirits. These oils inter- 't'ere with the uses of alcohol for many purposes. Thus, in the preparation of chloroform alcohol being used which contains fuseloil, there are a variety of products formed hav-. ing this oil as their basis, existing as ethers mixedwith the chloroform, rendering it unpleasant or dangerous in its most important application. In the preparation of perfumes alcohol containing fusel-oil cannot be used as asolventfrom the action which this oil and its compounds exert on the essential oils used to give delicate odors. More generally, for officinal use, ordinary alcohol confers a repulsive odor when used for preparing tinctures and extracts. I
I am aware that alcohol has been partially purified by distillation and the use of charcoal and hypochlorite of lime, (CaO-i-GIOQ but the best samples contain notable proportions of fusel-oil and ethers.
To enable others skilled in the art to use my invention, it will proceed to describe my method, which is founded on the oxidating/ power exerted by manganic acid and permanganic acid on the oils and ethers found in alcohol.
I take of finely-ground manganese oxide three pounds, nitrate of potash or nitrate of soda five pounds, in a state of mixture, and slowly melt them in a crucible, continuing the heat until the melted mass passes from a fluid to a stiff pasty mass. When cold the mass must be powdered and kept dry for future use. It contains manganate of potash or soda, or gives permanganates of these bases with ex- Manganat'es and permanganates, however obtained, may also be used instead of the crude compound thus formed. In either case I have the oils present in common alcohol and alcoholic spirits rapidly, forming valerianic and other acids, which unite to the base of the manganate used, and may be removed. For every gallon of alcohol of eighty-five or ninety per cent. I use two ounces of the manganic compound dissolved in eight ounces of water, and add the solution to the alcohol while the whole is bris'klyagitated. This proportion is the average quantity required forcommon alcohol, but so much should be used as is sutficient to destroy the odor of the t'usel-oil, and the purified alcohol must then be distilled from gentle heat. In purifying alcoholic spirits of proof strcngthsuch as rum, whisky, &c.-I add the fine powder of the manganic compound in successive portions, agitating the whole rapidly until the odor of the fusel-oil disappears, and then distill the purified spirits. The manganic and permanganicacids,
composed by the =fusel and other oils, even when a great excess of alcohol is present. Pure alacetic acid, and should an excess of the manganic compound be used acetic acid would be produced with loss of alcohol. The valerianic, butyric, and acetic acids produced and previously existing are left after the distillation combined with the potash or soda.
What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letter Patent, is-
The use of the manganates and permanganates existingas soluble compounds, however obtained, for purifying alcohol so as to adapt it to nice purposes. 1 LUTHER ATWOOD.
Witnesses:
WM. H. L. SMITH, ROBERT UOLIBY.
cess of potash or soda and earthy impurities.
found that these agents act on and destroy the matters dissolved and suspended in it by although combined with strong bases, are decohol is, on the contrary, slowly changed into
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US9951A true US9951A (en) | 1853-08-23 |
Family
ID=2070271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US9951D Expired - Lifetime US9951A (en) | Improvement in processes for purifying alcohol |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9951A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050097826A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-12 | Fox Stephen P. | Leaf guard for gutters |
-
0
- US US9951D patent/US9951A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050097826A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-12 | Fox Stephen P. | Leaf guard for gutters |
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