US994636A - Garbage-incinerating and steam-generating system. - Google Patents

Description

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 27, 1909K I 7 'e Patenten lFue 19H..

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

C. A. BYRNE.

GARBAGE INGINERATING AND STEAM GENERATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. Z7, 1909. @Qfga Patented June 6,1911.

8 SHEETS*SHEBT 2.

wir 1 mmmmgllwh Mh A*Il @wwf fw, V 2,7. A

C. A. BYRNB, 4 A GARBAGE INCINERATING AND STEAM GBNERATING SYSTEM.

@Q n F PILIGATION FILED DEU. 27A 1909.

Mm Patented June 6, 19M

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 27, 1900. S

Patented June 6 8 SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

INVEN TOR.

G.A.BYRNE. i 4 GARBAGE INGINBRATING AND STEAM GENBRATING SYSTEM.

Y APPLICATION FILED DBG. 2f?, 1909. @Qf

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

INV/ENT@ F2.

mwdjyw Patented June 6, 1911.

G. BYRNB. GARBAGE INGINERATING AND STEAM GENERATING SYSTEM.

y l u .APPLICATION FILED DEO- 27, 1909. 9.635.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

W 5555.- INVENTOR.

Patented June 6, 1911.

C. A. BYRNE. GARBAGE INGINEEAEING AND STEAM GENERA ENG SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEG- 27, 1909.

Patented June 6, 1911.

8 SHEETS-SHEET H.

in e.l

CHARLES A. BYNNE,

orMNNnAroLIs, MINNESOTA, AssIeNoR/or ONE-HALF To raANK DUNNING, or osseo, irrNNnso'ra.

' GARBAGE-INCINERATING AND STEAM-GENERATING SYSTEM.

@eine Patented June 6', igii.

Application filed December 2'?, 1909. Serial No. 535,034.

To all whom it may concern.'

lie it known that l', CHARLES A. BYRNE, a citizen of the United IStates, residing at Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, and State of liflinnesota, have invented a new and useful Garbage-lncinerating and SteamLGenerating System; and I do hereby7 declare the following to be a full, clear, exact, and concise specification thereof.

My invention relates to the class of fun naces known as incinerators or Crematories; however, it is more particularly identified with that class of incinerators which are designed for drying and crcmating garbage and other forms of refuse materials delivered thereto in a wet and uncombustible condition, it being also identified with water tube steam Igenerators adapted for cooperation. therewith. i

Inforder to consume garbage and other and efficient basis, it is essential that means beprovidcd for suspending same over a suitable tire grate upon which a conflagration is rn'iaintained, and by which said garbage is gradually dried and its condition rendered suitable for com bustion. 0f course it is highly essential that this process should be completed before the material is delivered upon the fire grate, otherwise it 'would tend to check the conflagration thereon or even extinguish same. It has been the universal practice heretofore to suspend the garbage in a position over the tire grate whereby the heat and gases, liberated from the conflagration qthereon, will be directed over the surface of the suspended garbage during its passage to the'tiue. In this system of incineration, 1t is t'ound that the heat is enabled to pass out the flue without sutliciently penetrating the-garbage to become efl'oiently absorbed thereby, thus a considerable quantity of auxiliary fuel such as coal, wood, or oil is required to maintain a contlagration. It is also `found that this system of incineration eectsY very incorn-V plete combustion by reason of insutlicient drying before its delivery upon the tire grate which also causes it to .smolder issuing eX- cessive volumes of dense smoke and obnoxious odors. As this system of incineration is incapable of maintaining continuous coin- My invention. has for its object-'to provide an apparatus for incineratinggarbage and generating steam by which the defects above referred 4to are practically overcome.

My invention is more particularly addressed to the Vprovision of an. apparatus adapted to operate in accordance withgmy new method of incinerating garbage. and various forms of wet refuse-materials without the continual. use of an auxiliary fuel, and provided with special means for generating steam, which .means cooperates with the incineration of the garbage and enables the efiiciency of the plant to be increased to an extent whereby the generation of steam g is accomplished by the, utilization ofheat',

liberated from the contlagration of said Inal terial, in excess of the heat required for the drying of all successive material delivered thereto. A divisional application, on the method, was filed May 24C, 1910, Serial No. 563,224.

In attainingthe object of my invention, I provide an improved apparatus comprising an upper grate and a lower grate inclosed within. a suitable water jacket and crowned nf'ithaboiler or steam chamber. rllhe'lower grate is of. an approved type of ordinary .tire grate comprising closely spaced .members which will allow the ashes and clinkers to fall into the ash pit thereunder. The upper grate comprises a double opposed series of. water tube members connected at their upper ends to said boilerl and at their lower ends to said water `iacket, whereby a continual circulation therein may be effected, their configuration being such thata basketlike storage receptacle is formed upon which garbage may be delivered and suspended above the iire grate for drying in readiness kfor combustion. The spacing of saiclwater tube Ymembers is such that thegarbage when dried or partially consumed, will easilyi pass between said members thus effecting its delivery upon the fire grate; however, tfey also perform the function of a water 'Lehe steam generator as their arrangement over v the ire grate enables them to readily absorb heat which generates the water contained therein into steam. The continualupward inclination of the water tubes from their point of connection with the water jacket, to their point ofconnection with the steam "boiler establishes a continual circulation,

thuseheat absorbed in the lower portions placementI in the flue and stack thereof is transmitted to their upper portions from which said heat is radiated to the garbage resting thereon` thereby increasing the efficiency of the drying process. l provide an outlet t' ie from which the heated gases pass from the combustion chamber into the stack, and means for supplying the fire grate with fresh air for the maintenance Iof the conflagration thereon, the arrangement of the garbage receptacle, or upper grate, being such as to cause the garbage stored thereon to be interposed within the course between the lire grate. and the outlet tlue, wiereby the heat and gases arising from the conilagration upon the fire grate will be caused' to penetrate and pass through said mass of garbage during its passage to the Aflue. The condition of garbage usually delivered to devices of this character is generally very netand of various consistencies causing same to settle in a congealed mass thus rendering a certain resistance to the flow of heated gases therethrough. Thus, in order to set up a sufficient rate of flow of the heated gases through the suspended mass of garbage, to cause a practical rate of air draft for combustion, it is necessary to establish a difference of pressure between the draft openings underneath the fire grate and the flue leading from the receiving chamber. As the heat liberated by the conlagration upon the grate is practically absorbed by the process of dryingvgarbage and the generation of steam, the gases passing into the flue from the combustion chamber contain `insufficient heat to create an adequate 'disto establish the requisite draft nirough the combustion chamber. By augmenting this force with an artiliciallyinduced draft, as a mechanically operated fan, it is still impossible to provide sufficient cubical displacement to create the requisite draft, owing to the lack of density and the expansion of the heated thus operated upon. By providing a forced. draft of suliicient pressure to create the requisite difference of pressure between the draft openings and iiue opening, a density of air lino-vn as back-lash would be `formed in the combustion chamber which Vwould seriously reduce the condagration upon the fire grates. Thus it is obvious from the foregoing that the only practical method, by which the above result may be obtained, consists in the provision pf both a forced draft and induced draft, acting iu coiiperative relation; of which said induced draft, operating ou heated air and gases which are of highly expansive elasticity, would have a ywpacitv relation of about four times the ouyplacement ofthe forced draft, which operates upon cold air, the expansion elasticity of which lis comparatively small. Said relation of capacity is found to suiiiciently compensate the'interference of conditions in the combustion chamber when th stoking doors are opened. Y

The invention further aims to accomplish the foregoing result by the utilization of steam or vapor energy, thus generated by the excess heat liberated from the combustion of garbage, for actuating the fans or other apparatus producing said artificially forced and induced drafts.

A great disadvantage in connection with the operation of a garbage incinerator is occasioned by the necessity of using fuel to heat up the incinerator and to dry the garbage until saine is in condition for burning, consequently .it is highly essential that the plant should 'be enabled to operate continually'forva long period,A however, it has been customary heretofore to allow the contia-v gration to subside to permit the removal of `the ashes and clinkers accumulating under the lire' grate, after which itis necessary to heat the plant using auxiliary fuel therefor before normal operation of consuming garbage may be resumed.v In my improved method of consuming garbage, I obviate this condition by distributing the forced draft through a number4 of smaller conducting pipes, each of which are directed into a separate apartment underneath the fire grate, thus diffusing the application of the forced draft to the fire grates, and providing means whereby the forced' draft may be checked for any one apartment while the refuse is removed therefrom Without interfering with the conlagrationover the other apartments.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention relates to more fully understand my improved 'method of consuming garbage and generating steam, and to make or use an incinerating plant embodying means whereby said method may be utilized, a garbage ineinerating steam generator, illustrating fthe application of my invention to practical use, is set forth in the fol- 11b lowing specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings;v however, the ac'- tual scope of my invention is more particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.

rv'In the drawings: Figure l is a side elevation of a garbage incinerating plant embodying my invention means for producing a forced draft and an induced draft being shown. Fig. 2 `is a lvertical. longitudinal section thereof, showing the courses followed by the air currents between the forced and induced draft mechanism. Fig' is a vertical cross section thereof, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing the arrangement of the apartments underneath the fire grate ico and the method of distributing the draftv ing' and arrangement of the water tube crates thereunder.l Fig. 6 is a plan view of rcylindrical incinerator, a-lsorrembody-- ing'my invention, showing certain modifications of the foregoing construction. b Fig. '7

tional l Aview vshowing certain. n iod-ificatio'ns in the construction of the water tube grates and the delivery of garbage thereto.

Referring to the drawings in detail,- similar characters of reference indicate like L several views of the drawings.

ln accordance with my invention the heat of the combustion of drygarbage, after its delivery upon the ire grate, is forced through the garbage suspended in the receiving chamber, rendering same in a suitable conditionwfor combustiom after which it is delivered uponthe fire grate causing the continuance of 'thevconflarration thereon, the heatA generated by combustion in excess of that required for drying garbage being utilized in the generation of steam.

The embodiment of my invention illustrated, consists of an apparatus for consuming garbaqe and utilizing heat liberated by the contlagration thereof for'the generation of steam and for drying the-subsequent supply of garbage as delivered' therein. This apparatus comprises in general, a combustion chamber A and its tire grate; an auX- iliary grate B comprisingr spaced Watertnbe members arranged in cooperative relation with the fire 'grate and of suitable contiguration to form a basketdike receptacle' or receiving chamber C, into which garbage is delivered and stored for drying until rendered suitable for combustion; -a steam boiler D crowning the combustion and receiving chambers, and ,its water jacket D' continuing; downwardly therefrom and inclosing,Y said combustion and receiving chambers, and to which the watertube members of said grate B are connected; and a suitable chambor arranged beneath the combustion chamber and adapted to receive all ashes, clinkers. and refuse from the combustioirupon the fire Q jrates. Y

In order tov render the above apparatus operative, I provide a forced draft system F adapted to maintain a supply of fresh air at a predetermined pressure in the chamber E, and an induced draft apparatus G adapted to draw the produetsof combustion from the combustion chamber A and the receiviimr chamber C,a.nd to maintain a negative pressure at the flue openinp'. Said induced draftapparatus G is thus adapted to eot'iperate with the forced draft apparatus l? lo ablish a flow of air vand products of combustion from the chamber FJ, through the chambers- .l and C, to lthe Hue opening, thereby supplying` the requisite fresh air for the conilagration within the combustion Aparts throughout, the specification' and the SEE chamber and inducing a current of heated air, gases, and other products of combustion to fiow through the chamber C effecting positive penetration of the garbaggesuspended'therein, duringavh-ich a portion of ltheheat of coniiagation is applied to Ythe 'water jacket. D" and the water tube grate lB and absorbed by the liquid therein, .and

the remaining heat is thus enabled to bcome uniformly distributed throughout said garbage, drying same and rendering its condition suitable for combustion.

Referring now to the drawingsaml in particularto Fi s. 2, 3, and il, l represents a suitable foundation upon vwhich the various parts of the apparatus are mounted and is of suitable proportions to efficiently support'the entire apparatus which depends thereon, and also in closes'the chamber E. l indicates the central longitudinal foundation member being a continuance of the end portions of the foundation member l, frou'i which extends a series of transverse foundation members 3 dividing` said chamber. Il into separate apartments el, the purpose of which will be hereinafter set forth.

In the steam boiler struct-ure, as shown in Figs. l, 2, 3,and 5 vof the drawings, the steam chamber D is inclosed by the upper portion of the shell 5, the crown sheet 6, and the vertical side-Sheets 7 of the passage S extending through the central portion of the steam chamber and through which Lgarbage delivered into the receiving` cl'iamber (l, as will be hereinafter set forth. The water jacket D is practically rectangular in form. in accordance with the gene 'al design of this apparatus, and provides a' continuous water space inclosinr the combustion chamber and forms a practically downward continuation of the steam chamber D. Said water jacket. is incloseid by `the outer shell 5, the tire sheets 9 extending upon either side of the combustioh chamber, the lire sheets 1() at either end of the combustionand receiving chambers, andV the bottom .sheet l'l at the base which de'pendsupon the I beam oi plate 12 which .1s-mounted upon the foundationv wall l. In order to enable the boiler structure to withstand sufficient pressure ot' steam or vapor energy Ito be utilized for power or heating purposes, the various sheets Vinclosing same are reinforced by means off'suitable stay-bolts 13 which may be secured therein in accordance with any approved method. The feed-pipe llt communicates with the lower portion of the chamber D by which the water or liquid supply of the generator is replenished, it being desirable that an established level be maintained at a point. above the crown sheets, as 15. The steam line lti lvads from the upper portion of tbe steam chamber l) and adapted to convey steam or vapor energy therefrom to its place of utilization,

a portion of which is used to impel the mechanism for producing said forced and induced drafts, and for operating theinjectors or pumps which maintain the water or liquid supply within the generator. The longitudinal foundation member 2 extends to a higher plane than the uppersurface oiu th foundation member l and is provided upon either side |at its extreme upper portion with the longitudinal angle members 17, the horizontal ianges of which are turned outwardly; a'nd -upon the inward faces of the tire sheets 9 are provided corresponding angle members 18 extending parallel to the angle members 17 and in substantially the same 'horizontal plane, the flanges being turned inwardly thus providing seats for the iire grate members 19. Said fire gratos 19 may be of any approved type or pattern, but, as no particular construction ot fire grate is required other than that necessary for operative use in connection with the burning 'of fuels for which this device is particularly adapted, 'no detailed description thereof is deemed necessary herein.

`While some of the advantages of my invention may be realized by the use of various forms of suspension grates, or water tube steam genera-ting grates, arranged in cooperative relation with the combustion chamber in connection with apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention, the most satisfactory results can only be attained, as will hereinafter become more iully apparent, by the use of a water tube steam generating grate in which a certain portion thereot extends openly through the combustion chamber, reciiving liquid -from the steam and water reservoir chamber, and arranged to intercept the flow ot the products of combustion, absorbing a portion of ythe heat liberated by the confia jration upon the tire grate, whereby said liquid is gradually heated from its lowest point ci circulation, as 20, to the pointll5 where it is transformed into vapor, and' in which a comparatively small quantity of liquid is maintained at the temperature ofvaporization corresponding to the pressure' at which the steam generating apparatus is operated, a greater portion being used i'or the storage and transmission oi heat fronithe combustion chamber to the garbage in the receiving chamber. v i

in accordance with the best embodiment of the apparatus, the water tube grate c0mprises a liquid heating and vaporizingportion which extends but slightly upwardly from its point of connection to the lower portion of the water jacket, and a portion extending upwardly therefrom being connected to the crown4 portion of the steam chamber, and adapted to convey the steam or vapor energy thus generated therefrom to said steam chamber.A Said upper portion hereinbeiore set forth,

is preferably adapted to support the garbage when suspended over the iire grate for drying, and as the garbage depending thereon is generally of suoli consistency as to form close contact over practically the entire surface ofsaid water tubes, the heated water circulating therethrough is enabled to compensate variable conditions of heat arising during the process or drying said garbage, wherein inefficient heat for the drying of said garbage will be augmented by the heat radiated from said water tubes thereby aiding in the drying of saidl garbage, however, when the heat applied thereto 'is in excess or" that required for the drying of the garbage, the eigcessiveheatwill be absorbed by the liquid therein and thus conveyed to the steam chamber, thereby increasing the. rate -ot' vaporization of steanrto be used for power purposes, and also increasing the etliciency of the apparatus. These conditions are best realized in a water'tube steam generating grate comprising a number of indi vidual water tube members forming a practically continuous passage from their points of connection with the crown portion ot' the steam chamber to their points of connection with the lower portion oil the water Ajacket, said passagevetending continually upwardly whereby :r continuous thermal circulation of water may be established during the operation ot the apparatus, which also prevents clogging of passage by or other residual the jlormation oit scale l matter.

As shown in the drawings (see Figs. 3, and 5), the water tube grate is formed of a plurality ot pipe embers B which are preterablyY in forni of: vertically extending portions 2l, the upper ends of which are connected to the crown sheets G, and each of the lower portions continuing therefrom in torni ot an inwardly disposed horizontal "J approaching' the central artion or ,the chamber, the u1 EL). extending inwardly and slightly downwardly, and the lower portions extending outwardly and downwardly, and 'is'connectcd to the lire sheets 9 or the water'jucket from which liquid is received i'or heating purposes, as Said portions 21. and 22 are adapted by their vconfiguration to serve not only in a capacity oi' water tube generator or radiator' but also as a means for suspending the garbage in-` a suit-able position over theiiire grates, and to cause same to intercept'the iiow of the products of combustion from the coniiagration to the flue opening 24, and, for convenience of reference, will be considered as dividing the combustion chamber A from the receiving chamber C. Thus the lower portions 23, being openly disposedover the lire gratos of the combustion chamber A, properly constitute the heatV absorbing portions of said Water tube grates, while the upper portions V21 and 22 serve chiefly as the heat radiating portion While. also serving in .the capacity ot' a basketdilre receptacle forreceiving and supporting the garbage over the fire gra-tes. Vi `ith this construction, the products of combustion are uniformly subjected to the action of successivel cooler heat-absorbing surfaces, being irst intercepted by the heatabsorbing portions Q3, above which the com`l bastion cham er is extremely narrow where` by it is neXt applied to: the heat absorbing surfaces of the tire sheets 9, after which it engages the portions of garbage projecting through the upper portions 21 and 22 of said grate, being also subject to the heat absorbing surface of said portions l2l and 22 in` accordance to the temperature relation thereof, from whence it penetrates the mass of 'garbage contained in the receiving chamber C, duringitspassage to the outlet tine M in which it tirst penetrates the portion oi"- garbage lying nearest the combustion chan'r ber after which it gradually penetrates the successively cooler portions of the garbage more recently'deposited therein. It is obviously apparent that this method of beat distribution enables a high. percentage 'of heat to be utilized which is very essential for maintaining a continuous operation thereof without the use of auxiliary fuel after a normal state of operation has been established.

'The iue opening extends through the end portion of the water jacket and'eilects communication between the chamber C and the stack 25, it being essential that the place of its entrance into-the receiving chamber should bear a suitable relation to' the arrangementoit said water tube grate B, whereby the'mass of garbage suspended by said grate willbe caused to completely intercept the course of low'of the products of coinbustion from the chamber A to said liuc opening 24. At the upper portion of said receiving chamber C the vertical passage 8 "extends through the steam chamber? as here inbe'i'ore set forth, in connection with which I provide a hopper 26 for receiving the garbage and causing saine to be delivered in po- Vsition upon the water tube grate B, said hopper being provided with a trap door device as 27 preferably embodying means ror maintainingn closed position and adapted to permit the downward passage oi garbage therethrough and to prevent the issuance `of obnoxious odors and gases therefrom. Said means for maintaining a closed position of the trap door 27 may be of any desired construction, being shown hereiivin iorm of a weight lever Q8 which should be enabled 'to re." st the suction created in thc iiue opening by the induced draft apparatus which establishes a corresponding vacuum within the receiving chamber C and passage Vdelivery upon-the lire grate; however, un-v dercertain circumstances, the. garbage becomes caked and clings in congealed masses to the Water tube grate. Stoking doors 29 are provided at each end of the 'combustion chamber and arranged to open into that portion of the combustion chamber between the water tube grate members and the side sheets 9. Thus means are provided whereby the Water tube grates may be cleared of the clinging masses of partially consumed garbage by the manipulation of suitable rake` like tools, and otherwise enable the operator vto view the condition oit' garbage combustion. At each end of the reeeivingchainber C, and at thel lower central portions'thereof, striking doors 80 are provided for convenience of gaining access tothe receiving chamber C, when empty, to clean thewater tube grates or make repairs.

lt should be noted that in the former methods ci the incineration of' garbage, it`

has been customary to deposit thegarbage as received in a large store tank for. which suit able quantities were intermittently delivered into the combustion chamber of the in'cinera-V tor. This practice introducesunsanitary conditions caused by the odors arising .trom the decomposition of the material remaining therein and more especially by residual po'rtions of material clinging to the side walls of said storage taule causing' poisonous fumes and odors to be liberated intothe atmosphere during each occasion of opening said tank for the purpose of depositing additional bage therein. By the embodiment of this invention the receiving chamber @may be formed in suitable dimensions to receive and store the entire supply of garbage directly as received from thev carts or vehicles 'by which same is collected, thereby obviating the unsanitary conditions hereinbefore referred `to by the use of an auxiliary receiv-` y ing tank.

By interposing garbage within the course of flow of the products of combustionwto the flue opening, a considerable resistance is created, according to the consistency and quantity of garbage intercepting said course of flow. As the consistency of garbage for riny one c'inmunity is generallyl eomparai CIY tivelyfconstant, andas the quantity of garbage delivered upon said water tube grate during established intervals is practically.

constant, an average resistance, by the garbage to the flow of the products of combustion, may be predetermined for any single plant, according to its capacity and the community in which it operates, and considered as a constant value. Said resistance value While varying somewhat according to climatic conditions -and according to the comparative rate of capacity and load is almost invariably suiiicient to check the flow of the products of combustion and render it highly impractical to maintain a confiagration upon the re grate by natural draft. Thus, in order to maintain acomparatively constant draft through said combustion chamber and through said garbage, it is necessary to employ artificial means for establishing a difference of pressure between the draft opening and the flue opening. If a condition of absolute vacuum were established at the fiue opening to cooperate with atmospheric pressure at the draft opening, a difference of pressure of approximately l5 pounds per square inch would be obtained between said draft and iiue openings, which is not suiiicient to create a practical rate4 of draft through said combustion chamber, owing to the resistance of said garbage. By producing a positive pressure at the draft opening suiiicient to coperate with the negative pressure at the iue opening created by displacement in the stack, said positive pressure would create a condition known as back-lash within the combustion chamber which would seriously affect the eo'nflagration upon the fire grate. Thus, itis readily seen that in order to produce the, most efficient results, it is necessary that in establishing a positive pressure at the draft opening and a negative pressure at the flue opening, the respective .values of each should bear a corresponding relation to the normal values lof atmospheric pressure at said draft and Hue openings. To maintain this condition within my improved apparatus, I provide artificially forced and induced draft devices, of which theiinduced draft device has an increased capacity relation to said forced draft corresponding to the variations in the conditions of air, vapor, or gasesfupon which the respective devices operate. Owing to the expansive elasticity of the products of combustion, also its in crease in quantitative relation to the fresh air admitted by the| forced draft, to the combustion upon the fire grate, the capacity of the induced draft apparatus should be about live times that of theforced draft apparatus.

As herein. shown the forced draft apparatus F comprises a blow-fan 3l having intake communication with the external atmosphere and adapted to deliver air at a predetermined pressure into the feed pipe 32 from ceases which is derived a number oft smaller conducting pipes 33, each of which deliver a proportionate quantity of air into a separate apartment d of the draft chamber underneath the lire grate. Said blower-,fan may be of any'capacity or size, in accordance with'the general capacity of the incinerating apparatus for which it is to be used, and

is operated by means of any suitable source the conducting pipe 36, and its exhaust openv ing communicates with the staclr through the conducting pipe 37.. Saidinduced draft apparatus, as hereinbefore state", should have a capacity relation of about five times that of the forced draft apparatus, whereby a balanced relation of energy is applied by the respective forced and induced draft apparatus of combined capacity to maintain a predetermined rate of draft through said combustion chamber and through said garbage suspended upon said water tube grate. In accordance with my invention, broadly considered, any suitable means may be used for maintaining a predetermined diEerence of pressure between said draft and iiue openings, however, the means herein shown are more especially adapted for the respective functions to be performed, and may be conveniently actuated by motive agent. which is rendered operative by the delivery thereto of steam or vapor energy from said steam generator.

It is obvious from the foregoing that the combustion chamber may be greatly varied inits configuration without departing from thev principles of my invention.' vln Figs. G.

and 7 of the drawings, I have herewith illus-v trated a garbage incinerating apparatus in which the combustion chamber is cylindricaly in form. This apparatus comprises a steam generator D and a water jacket D5", continuing downwardly therefrom, forming a cylindrical inclosure or combustion chamber A, adapted to perform 'certain functions which correspond with those of the combustion chamber A of the foregoing construction. Vithin the combustion chamber, 1 provide a water tube grate comprising a concentric series of water tube members 38, the upper portions of which are connected to the steam generator' D and the lower portions 39 extending in form of radially llt? disposedVs, the apexes of which approach the general portion of the combustion chamber and the extreme lower portions of which are connected to said water jacket D",

wlierebyLa continual circulation of Vaporizing liquid may be maintained through said water tube members, said water jacket, and said steam generator. In accordance with this method of construction, the water tube lO grate provides a cylindrical basketelike receptacle adapted to receive garbage and suspend same in suitable relation above the lire grate, and has the special advantage that in suspending 'garbage in this manner, uniform lspacing thereof from the water Jacket .1s

maintained at all corresponding points, whereas in the former construction thegan bage deposited at either end of the, receiving chamberis maintained in direct contact l with the corresponding portion of the water jacket. The draft chamber underneath the tire grates is divided into individual apartments by'means of radially extending walls 40, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 6 of y the drawings; and into each of saidapart-- .I ments, communication' is effected with the forced draft apparatus F', through the main conducting pipe il and the individual dis tributing pipes 42. The induced draft aparatus Gf as herein sho-wn does not Inaterially vary from the construction hereine before set forth. Its `intake opening communicates with the combustion and receiving chambers through the conducting pipeA S5 lland the two smaller conducting pipes 44,

' each of 'which extend downwardly'through 'the' steam generator D to their respective Hue openings upon either side of the centrally disposed garbage hopper 45, thus pro- 40 viding a means for diiiiusing the application of negative-pressure to the receiving 'chamber. It will be seen from the above, that modifications may be also etl'e'cted in the details lot construction of said water tube .45- grate. In accordance whereotl have herewith set forth a modified construction in Fig. 8 of the drawings, in which the water tube grate comprises a series ot spaced water tube members; each ofwhich comprises 'an upright portion 46, the upper portionof which is secured to the steam generator, at a point near its longitudinal line of center, from which it extends ina downwardly and somewhat outwardly course, its lower portion 47 continuing therefrom in an approximately horizontal course and is connected at its extremev lower portion to the water jacket. 'ln accordance with this yconstruction, two receiving chambers C and C are formed,'each of which is adapted to re- Said receiving chambers are also provided with outlet flue openings 50 and 5l through which the products of combustion pass during their course of flow to the stack. It is readily'seen that a mass of garbage, as herein indicated by H, when disposed upon the water tube grate members would etlqectually intercept all course of flow olf-the products of combustion from the lcombustion chaluber to the Hue openings 50 and 5l, whereby penetration thereof by the products of conibustion would be eifected, as indicated by the arrows.

'The operation of the various mechanical :features of the apparatus shown having been described in connection with the construction thereof, it only remainsl to point out how the different parts ot'- the apparatus cooperate to produce the desired results. Yin establishing operative4 'conditions within said apparatus, it is first necessary to supply the steam generator and water jacket with a vaporizing liquid, which should approach an approximate `level as indicated by 15 within the steam generator, which would properly protect the crown sheets G from becoming overheated. A. contlagrationis then established upon the ire grate, using1 any Suitable fuel as wood, or coal. rlhe heat liberated from said eontlagration applied to the heat absorbing surfaces 'of the water tube grate B, to the crown sheets 6,'and tlfe tire sheets 9 and l0, which heat is absorbe@ by the liquid contained within the generator thereby generating steam or vapor energy. `When4a suitable pressure of steam or vapor energy is obtained in the steam generator, a supply of garbage then delivered into the receiving chamber through` the 'hopper 2G and is deposited upon the water tube grate in such a manner as to in-'` tercept the flow of the products oi' coinbus tion through the combustion chamber to the Hue opening. In order to maintain a requisite rate of draft from the combustion chamber to the fine opening,` and which is ade quate toovercome the resistance created" thereto by said garbage, a difference of pressure is established at the draft and flue openings by the use of the forced and in- 'u duced drat't. apparatus, the motive agent therefor. `being rendered operative by the vutilization oi steam` previously generated bethe water tube grate members B, and gen. l

erally causes more or less of a'reductionJot the pressure of steanrwithin the generator, v

owingto theradiation lot heat, tothe garf bage from the liquid contained therein. During this process of establishing a combustive condition of the garbage, the confiagration upon the fire grate should be eX- cessive, whereby sufficient heat is applied to the heat absorbing surfaces of the water jacket to maintain a uniform rate of vaporization within the steam generator and to also provide for the radiation of heat to the garbage from the water tube grate.l Said radiation of heat from the water tube grate causes a thermal circulation to take place whereby the liquid within the water tube grate flows downwardly until it passes into the water jacket, wherein it is subjected to the influences of the heat absorbing surfaces of the fire sheets 6, and, owing to its condition of increasing temperature, it then fimvs'upwardly into the steam generator. As' a portion of the garbage nearer the combustion chamber becomes rendered suitable for coinlnistion, it is gradually delivered upon the fire grate thereby augmenting said contiagration, however, said delivery may be also effected by means of human aid as hercinbcfore set forth. lVhen the combustible condition of said garbage is increased, and the demand for the application of heatenergy thereto is correspondingly decreased, the flow of the products of combustion through said wate tube grate and the garbageh thereon provides an application of heat tp said water tube grate which is of'a hiOhe-l.' degree thanlhp heat of the liquid therein, thereby establi hing a condition of heat absorption by sail water tube grate, as well as the water jacket, which reverses the circulation of` said liquid and utilizes the excessive, heat for the generation of steam or vaporenergy.

One of the chief hdyantages of my invention residesl in its /ability to incinerate garbage; utilize `-aportion of the heat liberated fromthefoombstion thereof for the drying of suces/sye garbage; .and for utilizing all heat liberatedl from said con-flagration, in excess of that required for the drying of said garbage, for the generation of steam or vapor energy, which is adapted to effect the operation of the forced and induced draft apparatus, and, in addition to which, lit is adapted to deliver a supply ofsteam or vapor energy at a suitable pressure and temperature to be utilized for heating or power purposes. Thus my invention provides a means for cheapening the cost of incinerating garbage and for rendering the process thereof useful-for generating power of sufficient value to practically offset the cost of collecting and delivering garbage thereto. The condition of garbage varies according to conditions of different localities; and

when operating under more favorable coneer-ese incinerating garbage to be conducted upon a profitable basis. u

It is obvious froml the foregoing, that modications may be effected in the construction hereinbefore setforth without departing from the true and original purport of my invention, therefore I do not conne the scope of the appended claims to the details of construction hereinbefore set forth. Having thus described my invention., what l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is the following:

1. An apparatus for incinerating garbage comprising in combination, a single combustion chamber' having an outlet, a fire grate therein, means supplying forced draft to said grate, positive mechanical means counnunicating with said outlet forl maintaining an induced draft, and means in said chamber for suspending the garbage over and closely adjacent the grate at a point between the grate and the outlet whereby products of combustion from the grate penetrate and pass through the garbage.

2. An appaa'atus for incinerating garbage comprising iii combination, a single combustion chamber having an outlet, a fire 'grate therein, means supplying forceddraft to said grate, positive mechanical means communicating with said outlet for maintaining'an induced draft, said induced draft means having a greater capacity than said forced draft means, and means in said chamber for suspending the garbage over and closely adjacent the grate at a point between the grate and the outlet whereby ,products of combustion from the grate penetrate and pass through the garbage.

3. An apparatus for incinerating garbage comprising in combination, a single combustion chamber having an outlet, a grate Afor said chamber, means supplying forced draft to said grate, positive mechanical means communicating with said outlet for maintaining an induced draft, and means in said chamber for suspending the garbage over and closely adjacent the grate and at a point between the grate and the outlet,

said suspension means being varranged and-- 5. An apparatus for incineratmg garbage comprising in combination, a single comditions, my invention enables the process ofv bastion chamber, means in said chamber for suspending the garbage horizontalhT thereacross to form a partition in the saine, a grate below and closely adjacent the garbage partition, forced draft means for said grate, and positivew mechanical iiiduced draft means communicating with Said chamber above said garbage partition, the capacity of said induced draftv means exceeding the capacity of said forced draft means.

6. An apparatus for incinerating garbage comprising. in combination, a single combustion chamber, means in said chamber for suspending` the garbage tliereacress to form a partition therein, a grate on one side of the garbage partition and closely adjacent thereto, forced draft means for said chainber, and positive mechanical induced draft means communicating .with the chamber on that side of the garbagepartition opposite said grate.

7. An apparatus for incinerating garbage comprising in combination, a combustion chamber provided with a. lire grate structure and an inlet source of supply of air delivering wholly7 belouv the grate and constituting the sole and only air inlet to the combustion chamber, positive mechanical means acting upon all of the air passing' first named positive mechanical means and producing a forced induced draft and positively acting upon all of the air and products of combustion discharging through said outlet.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and afliXed my seal in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses, this th day of October, 1909.

CHARLES A. Braun. [L 3.]

.l/Vitnesses C. A. SNOW, J. H. ALTMANN.

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