US980509A - Distilling apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

T. B. GAUTIER.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1.11.21, 1909.

980,509, l Patented Jan. 3, 1911.

2 SHBETS-BHEET 1.

W 1 Gr M l l uitgang? Patented .13113, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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T. B. GAUTIER.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED JAH.21,1909.

5l/Winans .tti

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

THOMASB. GAUTIER, OF HICKOX, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS, TO NATIONAL TURPENTINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F DELA- WARE.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. l3, 1911.`

Application filed January 21, 1209. Serial No. 473599./

resident of Hickox, in the county of 'Wayne and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Distilling4 Apparatus, of which t-he following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvementsin apparatus for distilling turpentine from pine wood and eX tracting pitch without destroying the wood,

, and it has for its objects, among others to provide a simplified and improved construction in which the retort is arranged to be heated externally by the products of combustion or combustion gases which are made to impinge against a radiating Wall extending along the major portion of the retort. After passing this wall, the products of combustion impings against the retort. I nd that by this A means I am better able to regulate the temperature within the retort and keep the same practically at about 390 degrees Fahr. and keep the same at all times Within from 2O to 30 degrees Fahr. either side of the desired temperature. I foundthat where the products of combustion are brought into direct contact With the walls of the retort, the temperature is much greater at the point nearest the entrance of the product of combustion, which is undesirable forobvious reasons. By providing a deflectin and radiat ing Wall between the passage or the products taf-combustion and the wall of the re'- tort, I am enabled to prevent undue heating `of the retort and to regulate the heat so that the ent-ire contents are kept atsubstantially the same temperature.`

The essence of the inventionis-capable ofv embodiment in a variety of form-s, some of the most etlicient only of Which are herein illustrated but which are deemed suicient to clearly demonstrate the principle and a practical forna of its embodlment.

Suitable means are provided for the outlet of surplus heat when necessary and between the lues I provide a brick wall and means for indicatin the temperature so that it may be kept uni orm. 4

I aim further at improvements in the details of construction whereby improved resuits are attained. Y

@ther objects and advantages of the invention 'will ,hereinafter appear, and the 'through the tire door 8.

novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

. The invention, in its preferred form, is

clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with the numerals of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a substantially central vertical, longitudinal section through my improved distilling apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical, cross section on the line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizontal longitudinal section on the line 8 3 of Fig. l looking down. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 but on a smaller scale, showing av different form of the embodimentof the invention.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings l designates the retort and 2 the outer surrounding brick wall thereof of any well-known or usual form of construction. Within the retortare arranged tracks 3 upon which are run the tracks 4 containing the Wood 5 to be treated. l

6 is a closure for the end of the retort which may also be of `any well known or suitable form of constructionf 7 is the tire box, access to which is had 9 is the combustion chamber .and heat accumulator which is filled with tire brick "vor anyother refractory material 10, through which the products of combustion pass from the iire box of the furnace. This accumulator. is designed totake up excess heat, and to give off same when supply of heat is deficient. From the lower portion of this combustion chamber pass the tlues 11 and 12, which as seen best in Fig.- 3, diverging from their point of connection to the combustion chamber and in each flue I place a ldamper 13, said dampers being independent-ly movable and adapted to be actuated in any suitable manner, as by suit-ablestem and handle 141:, as seen clearly in Fig. 1.

From each of the ues l1 and l2, there extends a stack 15 which serves for the outlet for the surplus heat.

I have foundl that Where the products of combustion-come intotdirect contact with the Walls of the retort, the results are not so satisfactory as desired for the reason that the tem erature within the retort is not kept uniorm. I therefore provide a radiating wall which is' vdisposed between the retort andthe surroundlng brick wall F1g. 2. 'Ihisfradiating 'wallis seen` clearly 1n Fi 3,' at 16.A 'As seen in said view,- it exten su on both sides of the retort and at the en adjacent the ues. This leaves a passage 17 betweenfthe brick `wall 2 and the Wall of the retort and thef'radi'ating -wall. In the form illustrated in Fig. '3, this wall does not extend the entire length ofthe retort, -for an obvious purpose. The "prod-1 ucts of combustion after passing .through the combustion chamber and heat accumulator, (pass through the ilues 11and12, and,

of 1mp1nging.d1rectly against the, wall ofthe retortthey impinge against the instea radiating Wall' and theheat-therefrom fis radiated to heat the retort.A AAs 'the products of combustion and gases approach the y end of the retort farthest from -the furnace,

the same has lost part of the heat'and it is for 'this reason thatI I omitthis .radiating "wall at vsuch end of the retort. The prod- 19 is thestack .andi 20 are the pipes leadf ing from the 'interior -of the'retort and joined to the commonpip'e 21., from 'which leads the discharge 22` for connection ,with

the condenser Vto which theva "ors from the interior of the retort usual manner, y 23 are the brickfwalls between the fines around the retort solas to .causeA the prod-A ucts. of combustion to take a circuitous pas'- sage beforereaching the smoke stack..

L In Fig. 4 I have shown a construction embodyin A .the same principles as-hereinbev "-foredescr1bed in connection with the other figures of the drawing. j In this kform,however,

I employ two additional furnaces 24 and 25,

similar in `allrespects t0 thefurnace `shown and described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3'. One of these I arrange at each side of the-retort, the products of combustion from the fire boxes, after )assing through the combustion chambers, nd their exit through ,the lues 26 where ,they impinge against the radiating wall 16, similar in all res ects to the radiating wall of the form hereinbefore described. In this form, however, the radiating wall `extends nearly tothe front end of the retort, there being only a small passage 271at suchend through which the prod- 'ucts of. combustion pass after passing the end` of the radiating wall and thence come in contact 'with the wall of the retort. This is necessitated by reason of the employment of the additional furnaces at the sides of oint are about are con ucted in the the retort, whereb the productsof combustion are effective or a greater distance than lwherethe sin 1e furnace is employed, as in Fig.v In-t is, form, lthe .vaves orfdampers 13 are'employilin lthe lues 12for the" same purpose asin -form-shownfin Fig. 3.

If at any time thejheatbecomes too great,

.j the dempers 13,;*one or both, are closed, when the surplus heat'escapes through the stack or staclrsl.'

Registering 4thern'aometers may be employed, ifv-desired,"so-tha`t `the temperature `within the retort maybe readilydetermined,

lone of suchis indicated at 28 in Fig`. 1.

The operation lwill A,be appare'nt from the foregoing "descriptionwhen taken in connection with -theannexed drawin s and a further detail description thereo is not deemed necessary. f From the abve`,'.it i'llbe seen that I have devised a'f'simple and'efiicient device for the dry distillation ofw'ood, whereb the temperature can be kept comparativey uniform tained are of betterfquality because the temperature in `the middle of the retort is not allowed tonexceed 390 degrees Fahr. thus avoidingany :burning or. scorchingl of the turpentine vapors, also because no attempt is made to produce charcoal and tar, thus further avoiding any contamination of the `turpentine vapors. The -wood -aftertreatment is-unchanged save that the turpen'tine and. pine oil are removed no charcoal or tarry products beino` produced, and while andthe turpentineand other products obi the structural embodiment of my invention as herein described yis, what I at the present time consider preferable, it is evident that the same is subject to changes, variations and modifications without departing from .the spirit-'ofthe invention or sacricing any of its advantages. I therefore' do not Wish to-be restrict-edto the details of construction herein disclosed, but lreserve the right to make such changes; variations and modificatio-ns as come roperly within the scope of the appended c aims. j

' The combustion gases leaving the fire box pass into and through the heat accumulator 9, thence are split and assed through the flues 11 and 12, thence into' the 'passage17 and forward to the door-end of the retort. From thence they pass up into the flues 30, traveling back toward the furnaceand when they have reached the back end of the retort, that is the point farthest from the door they' pass lforward againin the flue 31 `an thence back the full length of the retort to vthe doorsend and out ofthe stack 32.' f The` course of theproducts of combustion will be understood from the arrows in Figs. 1 an'd 8. No claim is made-herein to the .method herein described, as the sameforms the basis of a separate application, filed June 9, 1910, Serial No. 565,983.

What I claim as newis l. In a device for the dry distillation of wood, a furnace, a retort, flues leading from the furnace and a radiating wall outside said retort, and extending lengthwise of and for the major portion only of the length thereof.

2.' In a device for the dry distillation of wood, a furnace, a'retort, flues leading from the furnace, a radiating,wall outside said retort and extending lengthwise of and for the' major portion only of the length thereof, and means in said iues' for controlling the products of combustion.

3. In a device for the dry distillation of wood, a furnace, retort iiues leading from the furnace, a radiating wall outside said retort, and extendin@r lengthwise of and for the maj or portion on r' of the length thereof, and means insaid lues for controlling the products of combustion, said iiues being provided with the outlets for the surplus heat.

4. In a device. for the dry distillation of wood, a retort, furnaces, upon a plurality of sides thereof, and a radiating wall, arranged to receive the direct impingement of the products of combustion, from all of said furnaces, lsaid furnaces being disposed at different distances from said retort.

5. A retort4 for the production of tu'rpentine and other products, from pine wood,a wall outside said. retort extending for the major portion only of the length thereof, and means whereby the products of combustion, impinge against said wall, to heat the retort by radiation, and means whereby the hot ga'ses, afterward come in direct contact with'the walls of the retort at the point farthest removed from the source of heat.

6. A retort constructed to be'heated externally by combustion gases, a furnace separated fromthe retort thereby, a radiating wall extending lengthwise of the retort for a portion only of the length thereof preventing direct impingement. of the products of combustion against the retort, avoiding overheating in spots, and means embodying a heat accumulator interposed between the furnace and the retort for heating the whole underside of the retort uniformly.

7. A retort, constructed to be heated externally by combustion gases, with a separated fire box, and a heat accumulator in the furnace between the same and the iues leading to the retort, to take up and absorb excess heat, to give 0H surplus heat, wheny desired,

. and a radiating wall interposed between the source of heat and the retort and extending for-a major portion of the length' of the lat;

the direct impact of thel for a major portion of its length and terminating at a distance from the end of the reL tort farthest from the point of introduction of the' products of combustion combined with means for prevent-ing direct impingement of the gases against the retort, by reason of a separated fire box and deflecting walls, whereby the under side of the retort is heated uniformly. A

9. In a device for the dry distillation of wood heated by combustion gases, a retort, t

a furnace, a radiating Wall outside of the retort and separated therefrom with an air space therebetween, saidv wallextending for a major portion of the length of the retort and terminating at a distance from the end of the retort farthest from the point of introduction of the products of combustion, and inclinedflues leading from the furnace to the adjacent'end of the retort upon opposite sides thereof.

10. In a device for the dry distillation of "Wood heated by combustion gases, a retort, a furnace removed therefrom, a radiating wall' outside of said retort and separated therefrom with an air space therebetween, said wall extending for a major portion ofthe length of the retort and terminating at a distance from the end of the retort farthest from the furnace, means for conducting the products of combustion from said furnace to and about said radiating wall to uniformly heat the contents of the retort, and means for maintaining the temperature of the retort not exceeding substantially 4300 F.

Signed by me at Waycross Ga. this 19 day of J any 1909.

THOMAS B. GAUTIER.

Witnesses:

W. L. FISHER, H. H. Hmson.

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