US9768477B2 - Secondary battery abnormality notification system - Google Patents

Secondary battery abnormality notification system Download PDF

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US9768477B2
US9768477B2 US14/995,610 US201614995610A US9768477B2 US 9768477 B2 US9768477 B2 US 9768477B2 US 201614995610 A US201614995610 A US 201614995610A US 9768477 B2 US9768477 B2 US 9768477B2
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detection circuit
circuit line
secondary battery
abnormality
detection unit
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US20160133996A1 (en
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Motohiro FUKUHARA
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H01M2/1077—
    • H01M2/1264—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H01M2/1088—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a secondary battery abnormality notification system for notifying that an abnormality has occurred, based on leakage of active material from at least a secondary battery.
  • frequency adjustment in an electric power system and adjustment of power demand and power supply in the electric power system are carried out using a plurality of power generators, storage batteries, etc., equipped in the electric power system. Further, in most cases, adjustment in difference between electric power generated by natural energy power generators and the planned output electric power, and reduction in change of electric power generated by the natural energy power generators are also performed using the power generators, storage batteries, etc.
  • the storage batteries can change the electric power output at high speed, and thus is effective in frequency adjustment of the electric power system, adjustment of the difference between the generated electric power from the natural energy power generators and the planned output electric power, and adjustment of power demand and power supply in the electric power system.
  • a sodium-sulfur battery (hereinafter referred to as the NaS battery) is used, for example.
  • This NaS battery is a high temperature type secondary battery containing metal sodium and sulfur as active materials in an isolated manner using a solid electrolyte pipe.
  • the NaS battery is heated at high temperature of about 300° C., a certain amount of energy is produced by an electrochemical reaction of both of the melted active materials of these metal sodium and sulfur.
  • the NaS battery is posted by assembling a plurality of battery cells, and used in a form of a module including a plurality of battery cells connected together. That is, the module has a structure where circuits (strings) each formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series are connected in parallel to form a block, and at least two blocks are connected in series, and placed in a heat insulating container.
  • failures in the battery cells and thus failures in the modules are caused by internal short circuiting or external short circuiting in the battery cells.
  • external short circuiting of the battery cells may be caused by formation of an external short circuiting loop due to leakage of active material in the battery cells.
  • internal short circuiting of the battery cells may be caused by damages, etc. of a beta tube.
  • External short circuiting and internal short circuiting of these battery cells can be detected by checking voltage change in each of the above described blocks.
  • the voltage change due to short circuiting does not occur rapidly, but occur gradually over a relatively long period of time. Therefore, if the detection accuracy is low, initial response to the occurrence of the failure may be delayed undesirably. In an attempt to address the problem, it may be possible to improve the accuracy with which to detect the voltage change. Further, it is desired to propose a failure detection scheme which is different from the scheme of detecting the voltage change.
  • the present invention has been made to take the problems of this type into account, and an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery abnormality notification system which makes it possible to draw in a gas (atmosphere) from an upper portion of a module string formed by stacking two or more modules and detect concentration of active material contained in the gas for thereby detecting occurrence of an abnormality and issuing a notification of the abnormality at an early stage.
  • a secondary battery abnormality notification system includes a module string, a conduit pipe, a detection unit, and a notification section.
  • the module string is formed by stacking two or more modules in a vertical direction. Each of the modules is formed by containing a large number of secondary battery cells.
  • the conduit pipe extends from an upper position to a lower position of the module string.
  • the detection unit is provided at a lower position of the module string and configured to draw in a measurement target gas from the conduit pipe to detect concentration of active material contained in the measurement target gas.
  • the notification section detects occurrence of an abnormality at least based on an output of the detection unit and notifies that the abnormality has occurred.
  • the air heated by heat produced during normal operation of the module moves upward, and flows toward an upper position of the module string. That is, upward movement of the air is generated. Therefore, the gas (measurement target gas) containing active material that has leaked from the secondary battery moves to the upper position of the module string by this upward movement of the air.
  • the measurement target gas flows through the conduit pipe, and is guided into the detection unit provided at a lower position of the module string. Further, at the time of occurrence of a fire in the module string or immediately before occurrence of a fire in the module string, the measurement target gas containing a large quantity of leaked active material moves toward an upper position of the module string by the upward movement of the air.
  • the measurement target gas containing high concentration of active material flows into the conduit pipe, and is then guided into the detection unit. Consequently, the detection unit can detect occurrence of the abnormality easily, and it becomes possible to report occurrence of the abnormality at an early stage.
  • the detection unit since the measurement target gas which has moved up to an upper position of the module string is drawn into a lower portion of the module string through the conduit pipe and then introduced into the detection unit, the detection unit is not exposed to high-temperature atmosphere. It is possible to avoid erroneous operation or damage due to the heat.
  • the module string may be placed in a box shaped casing, and the casing may include an air intake opening formed in a front surface of the casing and an air exhaust opening formed at an upper position of the casing.
  • the conduit pipe may extend from the air exhaust opening to a lower position of the casing.
  • the detection unit may include a chamber room, a pump configured to draw a gas from the conduit pipe into the chamber room and discharge the gas, a gas sensor configured to detect concentration of active material contained in the measurement target gas in the chamber room, and a first comparator configured to compare concentration detected by the gas sensor with a predetermined upper limit concentration value. A comparison result obtained in the first comparator may be outputted to the notification section.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may be wired using a detection power source and a first detection circuit line, the detection unit may have a contact point configured to selectively open or short-circuit a connector portion with the first detection circuit line in accordance with an output of the first comparator, and the notification section may notify that an abnormality of gas concentration has occurred, based on a voltage change of the first detection circuit line depending on whether the connector portion of the detection unit is opened or short-circuited.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may include a first terminal resistor connected in parallel to a terminal end of the first detection circuit line.
  • the notification section may notify that line disconnection of the first detection circuit line has occurred, based on a voltage change resulting from line disconnection of the first detection circuit line.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may further include a second detection circuit line connected to the detection unit.
  • the detection unit may further include a second comparator configured to compare an output of the gas sensor with a predetermined lower limit output value, and a second contact point configured to selectively open or short-circuit a connector portion with the second detection circuit line in accordance with a comparison result of the second comparator, and the notification section may notify that a sensor abnormality has occurred, based on a voltage change of the second detection circuit line depending on whether the connector portion of the detection unit is opened or short-circuited.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may further include a second detection circuit line connected to the detection unit.
  • the detection unit may further include a third comparator configured to compare an exhaust air flow rate of the pump with a predetermined lower limit flow rate value, and a second contact point configured to selectively open or short-circuit a connector portion with the second detection circuit line in accordance with a comparison result of the third comparator, and the notification section may notify that a pump abnormality has occurred, based on a voltage change of the second detection circuit line depending on whether the connector portion of the detection unit is opened or short-circuited.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may further include a second detection circuit line connected to the detection unit.
  • the detection unit may further include a second comparator configured to compare an output of the gas sensor with a predetermined lower limit output value, a third comparator configured to compare an exhaust air flow rate of the pump with a predetermined lower limit flow rate value, and a second contact point configured to selectively open or short-circuit a connector portion with the second detection circuit line in accordance with comparison results of the second comparator and the third comparator, and the notification section may notify that an abnormality has occurred, based on a voltage change of the second detection circuit line depending on whether the connector portion of the detection unit is opened or short-circuited.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may further include a second terminal resistor connected in parallel to a terminal end of the second detection circuit line.
  • the notification section may notify that line disconnection of the second detection circuit line has occurred, based on a voltage change resulting from line disconnection of the second detection circuit line.
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system may further include a battery control device configured to control operation of the secondary battery cells.
  • the notification section may output an operation stop signal to the battery control device at the time of notifying that the abnormality has occurred, and the battery control device may stop operation of the secondary battery cells based on an input of the operation stop signal from the notification section.
  • a gas (atmosphere) at an upper portion of a module string formed by stacking two or more modules is drawn in, and concentration of active material contained in the gas is detected. In this manner, it becomes possible to detect occurrence of an abnormality and issue a notification of the abnormality at an early stage.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing structure of a secondary battery abnormality notification system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a cross sectional view showing structure of a module
  • FIG. 2B is a top view with parts broken away, showing the structure of the module
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing part of the module shown in FIG. 2A ;
  • FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a battery structural body included in the module
  • FIG. 5A is a view showing an example in which a detection unit is provided inside a casing
  • FIG. 5B is view showing an example in which a detection unit is provided outside a casing
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing structure of a detection section
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing structure of the detection unit.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 an embodiment of a secondary battery abnormality notification system according to the present invention, e.g., applied to a NaS battery will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 .
  • a secondary battery abnormality notification system 10 includes a package 12 as a secondary battery storage section, a detection section 14 , and a notification section 16 .
  • the package 12 has structure where a plurality of box shaped casings 18 are arranged in a lateral direction. In an example of FIG. 1 , four casings 18 (first casing 18 A to fourth casing 18 D) are arranged in the lateral direction. Further, the package 12 includes a battery control device 20 for controlling operation of a secondary battery.
  • Each of the casings 18 contains therein a module string 24 formed by stacking two or more modules 22 in the vertical direction. In the example of FIG. 1 , five modules 22 are stacked together to form one module string 24 . Further, a plurality of air intake openings 28 communicating with the outside are provided on a side surface such as a door 26 of the casing 18 . An air exhaust opening 30 communicating with the outside and an air exhaust opening ratio adjustment mechanism 32 for changing the opening ratio of the air exhaust opening 30 are provided at an upper position of the casing 18 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a state where, in two casings 18 (first casing 18 A and second casing 18 B) of the four casings, doors 26 are removed such that the module strings 24 in these casings 18 are visible.
  • the housing 34 is a heat insulating container, and includes a box body 36 having an opening on its upper surface and a lid body 38 having an opening on its lower surface.
  • the box body 36 is formed of a plate member of, e.g., stainless steel, and formed in a box shape having a hollow area.
  • the hollow area is a space sealed in an air-tight manner, and can communicate with an external space through a vacuum valve (not shown).
  • a porous vacuum heat insulating board 40 formed by solidifying glass fiber in a plate shape using adhesive is placed in the hollow area to form the box body 36 as a vacuum heat insulating structure.
  • the lid body 38 is formed of a plate member of, e.g., stainless steel.
  • a heat insulating material layer 42 for achieving the required minimum heat insulating property is placed on an inner surface (lower surface) of the lid body 38 , and at least two stacked detachable heat insulating plates 46 are arranged (stacked) in a hollow area 44 to provide air heat insulating structure only in the lid body 38 (upper surface). In the structure, the amount of heat radiation from the upper surface of the housing 34 can be controlled.
  • a buffer member 48 As shown in FIG. 3 , a buffer member 48 , a heater 50 , a reinforcement plate 52 , and a mica sheet 54 for electrical insulation are stacked together and placed on a bottom surface inside the box body 36 .
  • the heater 50 is also placed on one side surface of the box body 36 .
  • One battery structural body 60 formed by a large number of battery cells (secondary batteries) 58 is placed upright in an internal space 56 of the housing 34 defined by the box body 36 and the lid body 38 .
  • a gap between the box body 36 and the battery structural body 60 is filled with silica sand as fire extinction sand, though not shown.
  • the battery structural body 60 is formed by connecting two or more blocks 62 in series.
  • Each of the blocks 62 is formed by connecting two or more circuits (strings 64 ) in parallel, and each of the strings 64 is formed by connecting two or more battery cells 58 in series.
  • eight battery cells 58 are connected in series to form one string 64
  • twelve strings 64 are connected in parallel to form one block 62
  • four blocks 62 are connected in series to form one battery structural body 60 .
  • the detection section 14 includes a conduit pipe 66 and a detection unit 68 .
  • the conduit pipe 66 extends from an upper position to a lower position of the corresponding module string 24 for each of the casings 18 .
  • the detection unit 68 is provided at a lower position of the module string 24 .
  • the detection unit 68 draws in a measurement target gas from the conduit pipe 66 , and detects concentration of active material contained in the measurement target gas. That is, first to fourth detection units 68 A to 68 D are provided respectively with respect to the first casing 18 A to the fourth casing 18 D.
  • the conduit pipe 66 extends from the air exhaust opening 30 to a lower position of the casing 18 .
  • the detection unit 68 may be provided inside the casing 18 , and may be provided outside the casing 18 .
  • the conduit pipe 66 extends from a position inside the casing 18 that is adjacent to the air exhaust opening 30 , to the detection unit 68 through the inside of the casing 18 .
  • the conduit pipe 66 extends from a position inside the casing 18 that is adjacent to the air exhaust opening 30 , to the detection unit 68 , through the air exhaust opening 30 and along the outside (upper surface and side surface) of the casing 18 .
  • the conduit pipe 66 is formed by connecting a metal pipe and a resin pipe, for example.
  • the metal pipe is provided in correspondence with the straight segment
  • the resin pipe is provided in correspondence with the bent segment (or curved segment).
  • the metal pipe for example, a copper pipe, a copper alloy pipe, or a stainless steel pipe may be used.
  • a fluororesin pipe or a Teflon (registered trade mark) pipe may be used.
  • the detection section 14 includes a first detection circuit line 70 A, a second detection circuit line 70 B, a first line disconnection detection section 72 A for detecting line disconnection of the first detection circuit line 70 A, and a second line disconnection detection section 72 B for detecting line disconnection of the second detection circuit line 70 B.
  • the first detection circuit line 70 A includes four first contact points Tm 1 and a first terminal resistor Re 1 .
  • the four first contact points Tm 1 are connected between a detection power source 74 and the ground, and connected in parallel in correspondence with the first casing 18 A to the fourth casing 18 D.
  • the first terminal resistor Re 1 is connected in parallel to the first contact points Tm 1 at the terminal end.
  • First cables 78 A are connected to both ends (one terminal 76 a and the other terminal 76 b ) of the first detection circuit line 70 A.
  • the first cables 78 A extend up to the notification section 16 .
  • the voltage V 1 across both terminals of the first detection circuit line 70 A is transmitted to the notification section 16 through the first cables 78 A.
  • the second detection circuit line 70 B includes four second contact points Tm 2 and a second terminal resistor Re 2 .
  • the four second contact points Tm 2 are connected between the detection power source 74 and the ground, and connected in parallel in correspondence with the first casing 18 A to the fourth casing 18 D.
  • the second terminal resistor Re 2 is connected in parallel to the second contact points Tm 2 at the terminal end.
  • second cables 78 B are connected to both ends (one terminal 80 a and the other terminal 80 b ) of the second detection circuit line 70 B.
  • the second cables 78 B extend up to the notification section 16 .
  • the voltage V 2 across both terminals of the second detection circuit line 70 B is transmitted to the notification section 16 through the second cables 78 B.
  • the first line disconnection detection section 72 A includes a first resistor R 1 for line disconnection detection and which is connected between the other terminal 76 b of the first detection circuit line 70 A and the ground, and a first voltage detector 82 A for detecting the voltage Vr 1 across both terminals of the first resistor R 1 .
  • a first voltage detector 82 A for example, a circuit for outputting a signal indicating an abnormality in the event that the voltage Vr 1 across both terminals of the first resistor R 1 is decreased beyond a normal range should preferably be adopted.
  • resistance values of the first terminal resistor Re 1 and the first resistor R 1 are determined respectively in the following manner. Specifically, the resistance values of the first terminal resistor Re 1 and the first resistor R 1 are determined such that, if no line disconnection occurs in the first detection circuit line 70 A, the voltage Vr 1 across both terminals of the first resistor R 1 falls within a normal range of the first voltage detector 82 A, e.g., 2 V, as a result of voltage division by the resistors, i.e., the first terminal resistor Re 1 and the first resistor R 1 .
  • the voltage Vr 1 across both terminals of the first resistor R 1 drops below the normal range of the first voltage detector 82 A, e.g., drops to 0 V.
  • a first abnormality signal Sc 1 indicating occurrence of line disconnection is outputted from the first voltage detector 82 A, and the first abnormality signal Sc 1 is inputted to the notification section 16 .
  • the second line disconnection detection section 72 B includes a second resistor R 2 for line disconnection detection and which is connected between the other terminal 80 b of the second detection circuit line 70 B and the ground, and a second voltage detector 82 B for detecting the voltage Vr 2 across both terminals of the second resistor R 2 .
  • Setting of the resistance values of the second terminal resistor Re 2 and the second resistor R 2 , and operation of the second voltage detector 82 B are performed in the same manner as in the case of the above described first line disconnection detection section 72 A, and description thereof is omitted.
  • a second abnormality signal Sc 2 indicating line disconnection is outputted from the second voltage detector 82 B, and the second abnormality signal Sc 2 is inputted to the notification section 16 .
  • the detection unit 68 includes a first detection device 84 A for detecting an abnormality of gas concentration, and a second detection device 84 B for detecting an abnormality of a sensor or an abnormality of the pump flow rate.
  • the first detection device 84 A includes a chamber room 86 , a pump 88 for drawing the measurement target gas of the conduit pipe 66 into the chamber room 86 and discharging the gas, and a gas sensor 90 for detecting concentration of active material contained in the measurement target gas of the chamber room 86 . Further, the first detection device 84 A includes a first current/voltage converter 92 A (I/V) for converting the output (detected current Ii) of the gas sensor 90 into output voltage Vi, and a first comparator 94 A for comparing the output voltage Vi of the gas sensor 90 with a predetermined upper limit concentration value (voltage Vx).
  • I/V first current/voltage converter 92 A
  • Vx predetermined upper limit concentration value
  • the first detection device 84 A has the above first contact point Tm 1 for opening or short-circuiting the connector portion with the first detection circuit line 70 A, in accordance with the output of the first comparator 94 A.
  • the chamber room 86 having a capacity per unit length larger than that of the conduit pipe 66 is adopted to achieve the function of maintaining the flow rate of the measurement target gas in the chamber room 86 at a certain level. In this manner, it is possible to realize highly-accurate detection of concentration of active material by the gas sensor 90 .
  • the output (concentration) of the gas sensor 90 does not exceed the upper limit concentration value. Therefore, for example, a low level signal is outputted from the first comparator 94 A, and the first contact point Tm 1 maintains the connector portion with the first detection circuit line 70 A, in an open state. If all of the first contact points Tm 1 corresponding to the first casing 18 A to the fourth casing 18 D are in the open state, the voltage V 1 across both terminals of the first detection circuit line 70 A is equivalent to the voltage across both terminals of the first terminal resistor Re 1 . The voltage is transmitted to the notification section 16 through the first cables 78 A.
  • the measurement target gas containing a large quantity of leaked active material moves toward the air exhaust opening 30 by the upward movement of the gas due to heat. Therefore, the measurement target gas containing high concentration of active material flows into the conduit pipe 66 , and the measurement target gas is guided into the corresponding detection unit 68 . As a result, the output (concentration) of the gas sensor 90 exceeds the upper limit concentration value, and for example, a high level signal is outputted from the first comparator 94 A. Therefore, the first contact point Tm 1 places the connector portion with the first detection circuit line 70 A in a short circuiting state.
  • the second detection device 84 B includes a second comparator 94 B for comparing the output voltage Vi of the gas sensor 90 with a predetermined lower limit output value (Voltage Vy), and a flow rate meter 96 for measuring the flow rate of the exhaust air of the pump 88 . Further, the second detection device 84 B includes a second current/voltage converter 92 B (I/V) for converting the output (detected current Ij) of the flow rate meter 96 into the output voltage Vj, and a third comparator 94 C for comparing the output voltage Vj of the flow rate meter 96 with a predetermined lower limit flow rate value (Voltage Vz).
  • I/V second current/voltage converter 92 B
  • Vz predetermined lower limit flow rate value
  • the second detection device 84 B includes an OR circuit 98 for outputting a logical sum of the output from the second comparator 94 B and the output from the third comparator 94 C, and the above described second contact point Tm 2 for opening or short-circuiting the connector portion with the second detection circuit line 70 B depending on the output of the OR circuit 98 .
  • an active-material concentration range of 0 to 150 ppm corresponds to a range of the output (detected current) of 4 to 20 mA (direct current) in the gas sensor 90
  • the output of the gas sensor 90 is less than 4 mA
  • the gas sensor 90 has an abnormality (failure). Therefore, in this example, by setting the lower limit output value (Vy) to a voltage corresponding to 4 mA, when the gas sensor 90 is in the normal state, since the output of the gas sensor 90 is 4 mA or more, for example, a low level signal is outputted from the second comparator 94 W.
  • the value measured by the flow rate meter 96 is less than 2.5 liters/min even though the pump 88 is designed to discharge the gas at a certain flow rate (e.g., 3 liters/min), it can be seen that the gas discharge flow rate of the pump 88 has been decreased, i.e., an abnormality has occurred in the flow rate of the pump 88 . Therefore, in this example, if the lower limit flow rate value (Vz) is set to a voltage corresponding to 2.5 liters/min, when the pump 88 is in the normal state, since the output of the pump 88 is 2.5 liters/min or more, for example, a low level signal is outputted from the third comparator 94 C.
  • Vz the lower limit flow rate value
  • the second contact point Tm 2 maintains the connector portion with the second detection circuit line 70 B in an open state.
  • the voltage V 2 across both terminals of the second detection circuit line 70 B is equivalent to the voltage across both terminals of the second terminal resistor Re 2 . This voltage is transmitted to the notification section 16 through the second cables 78 B.
  • the second contact point Tm 2 places the connector portion with the second detection circuit line 70 B in a short circuiting state. Even if only one of the four second contact points Tm 2 connected to the second detection circuit line 70 B is placed in the short circuit state, the voltage V 2 across both terminals of the second detection circuit line 70 B becomes substantially 0 V. This voltage is transmitted to the notification section 16 through the second cables 78 B.
  • the notification section 16 includes a gas concentration abnormality notification section 100 , a sensor abnormality notification section 102 , a first line disconnection abnormality notification section 104 A, and a second line disconnection abnormality notification section 104 B.
  • the gas concentration abnormality notification section 100 determines the presence or absence of a gas concentration abnormality in the package 12 based on the voltage V 1 across both terminals of the first detection circuit line 70 A transmitted through the first cables 78 A. In this example, in the case where the voltage V 1 across both terminals is substantially 0 V, occurrence of the gas concentration abnormality is reported.
  • the gas concentration abnormality notification section 100 stores at least an identification number of the package 12 and an identification code indicating the gas concentration abnormality in a transmission file, and transmits the transmission file to a monitor center, etc. to notify that the gas concentration abnormality has occurred.
  • the notification may be transmitted through a public communication network such as the Internet or a mobile phone network.
  • the notification may be transmitted to a local user, a local administrator, etc., in addition to the monitor center. Further, in addition to the notification through data communication, the notification may be reported using a telephone for making it possible to achieve the prompt initial response to occurrence of the gas concentration abnormality.
  • the monitor center identifies the package 12 based on the contents stored in the received transmission file. Further, the monitor sensor identifies a module 22 that is a source of the gas concentration abnormality, based on voltage data of the secondary batteries accumulated on a module by module basis or on a block by block basis in a database corresponding to the identified package 12 . Then, the monitor center notifies a local user, a local administrator, etc., of the identified package and module. In this manner, it is possible to take action with respect to the identified source of the gas concentration abnormality at an early stage. Thus, it becomes possible to suppress expansion of the damage.
  • the sensor abnormality notification section 102 determines the presence or absence of a sensor abnormality in the package 12 based on the voltage V 2 across both terminals of the second detection circuit line 70 B transmitted through the second cables 783 . In this example, in the case where the voltage across both terminals is substantially 0 V, occurrence of the sensor abnormality is reported.
  • the sensor abnormality notification section 102 stores at least an identification number of the package 12 and an identification code indicating the sensor abnormality in a transmission file, and transmits the transmission file to a monitor center, etc, to notify that the sensor abnormality has occurred.
  • the first line disconnection abnormality notification section 104 A notifies that a line disconnection abnormality of the first detection circuit line 70 A has occurred, based on input of a first abnormality signal Sc 1 from the first line disconnection detection section 72 A (first voltage detector 82 A).
  • the first line disconnection abnormality notification section 104 A stores at least an identification number of the package 12 and an identification code indicating the line disconnection abnormality of the first detection circuit line 70 A in a transmission file, and transmits the transmission file to a monitor center, etc. to notify that the line disconnection abnormality of the first detection circuit line 70 A has occurred.
  • the second line disconnection abnormality notification section 104 B notifies that a line disconnection abnormality of the second detection circuit line 70 B has occurred, based on input of a second abnormality signal Sc 2 from the second line disconnection detection section 72 B (second voltage detector 82 B).
  • the second line disconnection abnormality notification section 104 B stores at least an identification number of the package 12 and an identification code indicating a line disconnection abnormality of the second detection circuit line 70 B in a transmission file, and transmits the transmission file to a monitor center, etc. to notify that the line disconnection abnormality of the second detection circuit line 70 B has occurred.
  • the notification section 16 outputs an operation stop signal Sa to the battery control device 20 .
  • the battery control device 20 stops operation of the secondary batteries based on the input of operation stop signal Sa, according to a predetermined sequence for stopping operation.
  • Operation of the secondary batteries is stopped also in the event of the sensor abnormality and line disconnection abnormality for the following reason.
  • the gas concentration abnormality cannot be detected, and the initial response to the occurrence of a gas concentration abnormality may be delayed undesirably.
  • by stopping operation of the secondary batteries also in the event of the sensor abnormality, or the line disconnection abnormality it is possible to enhance the security.
  • measurement target gas at an upper position of the module string 24 formed by stacking two or more modules 22 is drawn-in to detect the concentration of active material contained in the measurement target gas.
  • the measurement target gas which has moved up to an upper position of the module string 24 is drawn into a lower position of the module string 24 through the conduit pipe 66 and guided to the detection unit 68 . Therefore, the detection unit 68 is not exposed to the high temperature atmosphere. Thus, it is possible to avoid erroneous operation of or damage to the detection unit due to the heat.
  • the sensor abnormality in each of the detection units 68 , and the line disconnection abnormality of the first detection circuit line 70 A and the second detection circuit line 70 B are reported. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the situation where, even though a detection result indicating that there is no gas concentration abnormality is output from the detection unit 68 , actually, a gas concentration abnormality has occurred. Thus, it is possible to enhance the security.
  • the present invention has been described mainly in connection with the case where four casings 18 are provided in one package 12 , it should be noted that the present invention is applicable to a case where one casing 18 is provided in one package 12 , a case where two casings 18 are provided in one package 12 , and a case where three casings 18 are provided in one package 12 as well, and it is a matter of course that the present invention is applicable to cases where five or more casings 18 are provided in one package 12 .
  • the present invention has been described in connection with the case where five modules 22 are stacked together to form one module string 24 , it should be noted that the present invention is applicable to a case where two or more modules 22 are stacked together to form one module string 24 , and a case where six or more modules 22 are stacked together to form one module string 24 .
  • the secondary battery abnormality notification system according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various structures can be adopted without deviating from the scope of the present invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
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JP2013-150299 2013-07-19
PCT/JP2014/068830 WO2015008762A1 (fr) 2013-07-19 2014-07-15 Système d'avertissement d'état anormal de batterie rechargeable

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EP3024085A1 (fr) 2016-05-25
JP6122498B2 (ja) 2017-04-26
CN105393402A (zh) 2016-03-09
US20160133996A1 (en) 2016-05-12
CN105393402B (zh) 2018-01-05
EP3024085A4 (fr) 2016-12-21
WO2015008762A1 (fr) 2015-01-22
EP3024085B1 (fr) 2019-01-09

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