US970106A

US970106A - Steam-turbine.

Info

Publication number: US970106A
Application number: US57552910A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hermann Peters
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-08-04
Filing date: 1910-08-04
Publication date: 1910-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 1927-09-13

Description

Patented Sept. 13,1910.

SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. PETERS.

STEAM TUBBINB.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1910.

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STEAM TURBINE. ArrLIoATIoH FILED AUG; 4, 1910.

Patented sepa 13, 1910.

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H. PETERS.

STEAM TURBINB.

APrLIoATIoN FILED AUG. 4, 1910.

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H. PETERS. v STEAM TUBBINE. 4 APPLIOATIOI FILED AUGJ. 1910. l 970,106. Patented sepa 13,1910.

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H. PETERS. STEAM TURBINE. APPLIUATION rILED AUG. 4. 1910.

Patented Sept. 13,1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

HERMANN PETERS, or HAMBURG, GEM-mmf.

STEAM-TURBINE.

specification of Letters raten. Patented Sept. 13,1910.`

Application led August 4, 1910. Serial lo. 575,529.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN PETERS, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor,

.residing at Mundsburgerdamm 37, Hamburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specilication.

The subject-matter of my invention is a steam turbine which comprises one single casing and one single rotor' and can work in two directions of rotation, namely forward and backward.

One illustrative embodiment of my invention is represented by way of example in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the turbine, Figs. 2, 3 and t are transverse sect-ions taken in Fig.' 1 on the lines X, Y and Z, respectively, and Fig'. is an end elevation; Fig. 6 isa plan view ot' the rotor after the top part of the casing has been removed, while Figs. 7 and 8 are top plan view and side elevation, respectively, showing the closed turbine.

Referring to the drawings, the rotor is surrounded by av two-part casing or cylinder 2 which rests on a hase plate 1 and is closed at its ends by covers 3. rl`he latter have inwardly-projecting, annular collars or flanges 4 which inwardly surround portions of the rotor.

The rotor comprises a cylindrical steel tubular casing or cylinder 5 carried by suitably shaped members or spiders G keyed ou the turbine shaft 7. The rotor is provided not only on its external periphery, but also on a portion of its internal periphery with cell-like, blade-shaped, milled cavities or

recesses

8 and 9, respectively.4 The cavities or cells 8 are connected with peculiarly waveshaped channels or ducts 10 which are necessary for altering the direction of flow of the steam and are arranged on the internal periphery of the casing 2 in a plurality of groups, five being shown in the illustrative embodiment.` These channels 10 are cut in thecasing 2 and then partially covered over by inserting dove-tail shaped strips over them, in order thus to give the. passages the requisite shape. The channels 10 in each of the individual groups enlarge toward the condenser from the inlet nozzle to the exhaust in a definite relation which depends on the conditions of expansion of the steam.

Each of these individual groups is connected with the steam supply pipe 11 and also wlth the exhaust pipe 12. The steam is admitted to the individual cells 8 of the rotor through radial nozzles 13, expands five times through the channels 10 and finally passes at about half an atmosphere excess pressure above atmospheric from the ex; haust pipes 12 into the condenser.

The full steam pressure acting on all the.

blades of the exterior periphery of the rotor causes the turbine to run forward. The opposite, 2'. e. backward rotation of the turbine is brought about, on the contrary, when the steam acts on the blades on the inner periphery of the rotor, the cell-like blade-shaped cavities or recesses being cut here in the opposite direction. It is true that onlyva portion, in practice about twofifths to one half of the internal periphery is operative, but the turbine runs backward with only a correspondingly less output which perfectly sutiices for the purposes for which it is employed.

, As seen in Fig. 4, when the turbine runs backward steam is supplied "through the pipes 14 and exhausts through the pipe 17 exactly as when running forward. Accordingly, radial admission nozzles 15 are provided and also the peculiarly.wave-shaped channels 1G which alter the direction of flow of the steam and communicate with the cells of the rotor. Steam is thus admitted through the pipes 14 and the nozzles 15 into the turbine. expands while guided through the wave-shaped channels 1G formed into groups until its driving power is completely utilized, and passes at about half an atmosphere excess pressure above atmos )heric through the pipes 17 in-to the same con( enser as when running forward.

As the steam almost completely gives up its energy to the turbine and is conducted with only very litt-le excess pressure above atmospheric through the very wide exhaust pipes 17 into the condenser, the shaft 7 does not require any special pressure-proof packing. In general, quite ordinary stalling-box packing perfectly suffices in order perfectly to pack the turbine shaft in the casing.

Steamv is admitted either fo the exterior or to the interior periphery of the rotor for starting the turbine running forward or 'backward as desired by correspondingly supplying steam through the steam pipe 11 I or through the steam pipes 14. I claim i 1. In a steam turbine which can run for' v:ward and backward, the combination, with .-'a' shaft, of one hollow steel cylindrical rotor 'secured' thereon, al cylindrical casing sursaid rotorjand having oneor more internal cylindrical' portions projecting into the'rotor`, said rotor having outer, cell-like,

b1adeshaped cavities inpits exterior periph-y ferry 'and`inner, oppositely-'directed cell-like,

blade-shaped cavities in the' one or more' portions of its interior periphery oppositethe one or more internal cylindrical portions fO the casing, said casing having nozzles and wave-sha ed passages for altering the diglow of the steam in its internal peripheries arranged in operative communication with said outer and with saidl inner cavities, and steam supply pipes for'supplyv ing steam to 4said nozzles.v

.-. 12 In a steam turbine which can run for- 'ward andbackward, the combination, with a shaft, of one hollow steel cylindrical rotor secured thereon, a cylindrical casing surrounding said rotor and having two internal cylindrical flanges projecting into the ends of the rotor, said rotor havlng outer, cell-y like blade-shaped cavities in` its exterior periphery and inner, oppositely-directed celllike, blade-shaped cavities.v in the portions of its interior periphery opposite said langes, said casing having a plurality. of

i nozzles, and a'plura-lity of wave-shaped pas- In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 25 day of June 1910, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERMANN PETERS. Witnesses:

ERNEST H. L. MUMMENHOFF, 113A CHRIST HAFERMANN.