US1090495A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

Sr OTIS.

TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1907. RENEWED JUNE 29, 1911.

1,090,495, Patented Mar. 17, 1914.

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TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1907. RENEWED JUNE 29, 1911.

Patented Mar. 17, 1914.

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SPENCER OTIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL PATENT HOLDING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

TURBINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SPENCER OTIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates in general to rotary engines, and more particularly to turbines.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a turbine of large diameter, which will minimize the radiation incident to the operation of such turbines.

A further object of my invention is to provide a turbine which will be simple in construction, inexpensive in manufacture and efiicient in operation.

The embodiment of my invention herein disclosed may be generally described as comprising an annular stator having a plurality of longitudinal parallel channels in its inner surface and a rotorlocatedwithin and closely engaging at its periphery the inner surface of the stator, the rotor having a plurality of longitudinally parallel series of radial vanes around its periphery extending with in the channels in the stator, staggered ports being provided in the walls between the channels for the motive fluid to successively pass transversely through the several channels and thereby drive the vanes within the channels distances corresponding to the spaces between theadmission and discharge ports of the channels.

My invention will be more fully described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same is illustrated as embodied in convenient and practical form, and in which Figure l is a side elevatiOnal view; Fig. 2 a vertical sectional view, taken on line 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a detail sectional view, taken on line 8 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4- a detail sectional view, taken on line 4 of Fig. 2.

The same reference characters are used to designate the same parts in the several figures of the drawings.

Reference characters A and A designate supporting frames, which aresupported in any suitable manneras by means of a base A, to which the supporting frames are secured by bolts a. The supporting frames are provided with radial arms a and a re spectively, between which is secured an an- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 17, 1907, Serial No. 379,407.

' stance, asbestos.

Patented Mar. 17, 1914.

Renewed June 29, 1911. Serial No. 636,229.

nular stator B. Bolts 6 are shown as means for securing the ends of the radial supportmg arms to the stator, such bolts extending through enlarged holes in the supporting arms so as to permit of expansion and contraction.

The outer surface of the stator is preferably surrounded by a covering of any suitable non-heat-radiating material, as, for in- The asbestos is shown as secured around the stator by a plurality of longitudinal bands 0, each of which may be formed in two parts and united by rivets 0 and 0 as illustrated in Fig. 1.

The inner surface of the stator B is provided with a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels, three of such channels being shown in the drawings and indicated by ref- .erence characters 6, b and Z2 Extending through the outer wall of the channel 6', in an inclined direction, are inlet ports B, such ports being spaced equal distances apart, six of the same being shown in the form of my invention illustrated in the drawings. Inclined ports B are formed through the wall intermediate of the channels Z) and Z2 such ports being spaced distances apart equal to the distance between the ports B, but arranged slightly in advance of and being slightly larger than such ports. Similar inclined ports B slightly larger than the ports B extend through the wall between the channels If, 6 such ports being located in advance of the ports 13 distances corresponding to the distances that the ports B are located in advance of the ports B. Exhaust ports B extend through the outer wall of the channel 6 such ports being located in advance of the ports B A common supply conduit D for motive fluid is provided, and connected by couplings D with the several inlet ports B.

L designates a common exhaust conduit,

wvhich is connected by couplings L 1 ith the several exhaust ports B E designates the driven shaft, which extends through bearings formed concentrically in the supporting frames A- and A E and 1E designate fiy wheels rigidly secured to the driven shaft thereof, while 6 indicates a belt pulley, by means of which the generated power may be communicated to any desired point.

Fixed upon the shaft E are hubs F, F located intermediate of the bearings formed through the supporting frames A and A One of the hubs is provided with a flange f, which extends within a corresponding groove 7' in the other hub.

G designates a disk concentrically surrounding and secured between radial flanges on the hubs F and F ,-any suitable fastening means being employed, such, for instance, as bolts f. The disk G is provided with elongated holes adjacent its outer edge, through which bolts or other suitable fastening devices pass, such fastening devices also passing through flanges formed around the inner peripheries of. diverging annular disks G and G The elongated holes in the disk G through which the bolts extend, and thereby connecting the disk G with the flanges on the inner peripheries of the disks G and G serve to permit the expansion and contraction of the connected disks, as their temperature varies.

The outer peripheries of the annular disks G and G are rigidly secured to the inner surface of a circular plate H by any suitable means, as, for instance, rivets h. The outer surface of the circular plate H fits closely within the stator B, and is provided with a plurality of parallel series of vanes h, 72, and 72, such vanes closely fitting within the respective channels Z), 6 and b in the stator B. In order to prevent radiation, suitable packing K, of asbestos or other non-heatconducting material, is located within the circular plate H.

The circular plate H, together with the diverging annular plates G and G constitute the rotor of the turbine, which is secured to the driven shaft E by the interposed disk G and hubs F and F The operation of my improved turbine is as follows: The motive fluid passes from the supply conduit D through the several supply ports 13 into the channel 6. The impact of the motive fluid against the vanes It moves such vanes, together with the rotor, in a direction toward which the inlet ports are inclined. As the several vanes it pass the ports B motive fluid escapes from the spaces within the channel 6 between the vanes It into the channel 6 where it engages the vanes 72 and forces the same, and the rotor therewith, forwardly until the vanes pass the ports B whereupon the motive fluid passes into the channel 6 impacts the vanes 72 and drives them forwardly until they register with the exhaust ports 13*, through which motive fluid escapes to the exhaust conduit L. The motive fluid admitted to each of the supply ports B passes a comparatively short distance within the first channel and thence a short distance within the succeeding channels, so that the radiation is not great, owing to the stator and rotor having exceedingly small radiating surfaces, and owing to the radiation being further reduced by the packing around the stator and within the ring of the rotor.

It will be observed that the motive fluid is supplied to the first channel in the stator through a plurality of short conduits leading from the supply conduit, and that a plurality of connecting conduits are pro-- vided between the adjacent channels in the stator. Thereby impulses are given simul taneously to the blades in each channel at a plurality of points. It. will be further observed that the supply conduits B leading to the first channel 6 are smaller than the conduits B leading from the first channel 7 b to the second channel 6 which conduits B are in turn smaller than the conduits l3 leading from the second channel to the third channel. By thus making the fluid conduits leading to the successive channels of graduated sizes, the expanslon of the motive fluid is compensated for, the supply conduits leading fro-m the first channel when the motive fluid is under its greatest pressure being smallest and the conduits leading to the successive channels being gradually larger to correspond with the decreased compression and increased volume of the motive fluid as it passes through the successive channels.

From the foregoing it will be' observed that I have invented an improved turbine, in which motive fluid passes successively through the channels formed. ina stator and impacts vanes on the rotor, which travel within'such channels, the. supply and exhaust ports to and from the several channels being located in advance of each other such distances that the motive fluid travels through comparatively short passages from its admission to the first channel until it is exhausted from the last channel. 7

While I have described more or less pre cisely the details of construction, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, as I contemplate changes in form and the proportion of parts, and the substitution of equivalents, as circumstances may suggest or render expedient, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In a turbine, the combination with a stator having a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels, of a rotor, a plurality of parallel series of vanes carried by such rotor and extending within the channels in the stator, a non-heat radiating packingcarried by said rotor adjacent said vanes, and means for permitting motive fluid to pass successively through such channels.

2. In a turbine, the combination with a stator having a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels, of a rotor, a plurality of parallel series of vanes carried by the rotor and extending within the channels of the stator, ports and passages being provided in the walls of said channels for permitting the motive fluid to successively pass through limited portions of said channels, non-heat radiating packing secured around said stator, and non-heat radiating packing carried by said rotor within said vanes.

8. In a. turbine, the combination with a circular stator having a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels in its inner surface, of a rotor located Within and closely engaging at its outer periphery the inner surface of the stator, a plurality of parallel series of radial vanes carried by the rotor and extending within the channels in the stator, a series of spaced admission ports being formed through the wall leading to the first channel, a series of spaced ports being formed in the stator extending from the first to the second channel, a third series of spaced ports being formed in the stator leading from the second chamber, the ports in the succeeding series being located in advance of the corresponding ports in the preceding series, non-heat radiating packing secured around said stator, and non-heat radiating packing carried by said rotor within said vanes.

4. In a turbine, the combination with a stator having a longitudinal channel in its inner surface, of a rotor located within the stator and having a longitudinal series of vanes on its outer periphery extending within the channel in the stator, said rotor comprising a circular plate closely engaging the inner surface of the stator and annular supporting plates, and means for connecting the supporting plates of the rotor to a driven shaft.

5. In a turbine, the combination with a circular stator having a longitudinal channel in its inner surface, of supporting frames between which said stator is supported, a shaft extending through ournals formed in said supporting fran es, a rotor surrounding said shaft and closely engaging the inner surface of said stator, a longitudinal series of vanes around the periphery of said rotor extending within the channel in the stator, and means for securing said rotor to said shaft.

6. In a turbine, the combination with a stator composed of a solid annular casting having a longitudinal channel therein, of a rotor, a plurality of vanes carried by said rotor and extending into said channel in the stator, a non-heat radiating packing surroundin said annular casting, and means for supplying and exhausting motive fluid to and from said channel.

7. In a turbine, the combination with a stator having a continuous annular channel therein, of a rotor having a surface closely engaging the surface of the stator in which the channel is formed and thereby closing the channel, a series of vanes carried by said rotor and extending within said channel, means for compensating for the expansion and contraction of said rotor, and means for supplying and exhausting motive fluid to and from said channel.

8. In a turbine, a rotor comprising a plurality of concentric annular metal plates, and means for uniting said plates to permit relative movement thereof to compensate for the expansion and contraction thereof.

9. In a turbine, a rotor comprising a cylindrical plate, a longitudinal series of vanes on the outer periphery of said plate, converging annular plates located within and secured to said cylindrical plate, an annular disk to which said converging plates are secured, and means for securing said disk around a driven shaft.

10. In a turbine, the combination with a stator having a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels, of a rotor having a circular surface closely engaging the surface of the stator, a plurality of parallel series of radial vanes carried by the rotor and extending within the channels in the stator, a series of spaced fluid supply conduits leading to the first channel, and a series of spaced fluid conduits leading from each channel to the adjacent following channel, the conduits in each succeeding series being located in advance of the corresponding conduits in the preceding series.

11. In a turbine, the combination with a stator having a plurality of parallel longitudinal channels, of a rotor closely engaging the stator, a plurality of parallel series of radial vanes carried by the rotor and extending within the channels in the stator, a series of spaced fluid supply conduits leading to the first channel, and a series of spaced fluid conduits leading from each channel to the adjacent following channel, the successive series of fluid conduits being progressively larger and the conduits in each succeeding series being located n advance of the corresponding conduits 1n the preceding series.

SPENCER OTIS.

Witnesses:

Gno. L. IVILKINsON, W. T. JoNns.

Gopies of this patent'may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G.

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