US954183A - Apparatus for making sound metal ingots and other castings. - Google Patents

Description

R. A. HADPIELD. APPARATUS FOR MAKING SOUND METAL INGOTS AND OTHER CASTINGS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 30, 1907..

Patented Apr.5, 1910.

' UNrrED srarEs PATENT oEEicE.

ROBERT ABBOTT'HADFIELD, 0F SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING SOUND METAL INGOTS AND OTHER CASTINGS.

Specification ot Letters Patent..

.Original application filed Hay 12, 1906, Serial No. 818,451. Divided and this application tiled Serial No. 386,273.

Patented Apr. 5, 191e.

July 30, 1907.

lfor its object more particularly to prevent or reduce the formation of blow-holes, pipes, cavities and the like in the upper portion of steel and other metal ingots or other castings (hereinafter referred to generically as ingots). Various means have been proposed heretofore to accomplish the purposes which my present invention has in view,

but such means have not been fully satisfactory.

The object of my present invention is to provide means for the above indicated purposewhich will be convenient in ractice, 'easy of application and comparatively inexpensive, an to keep the metal inf the upper portion of an ingot or other mold in the liquid condition necessary to enable it to flow and compensate for shrinking of the ingot on cooling and in consequence reduce the formation of blow hole cavities and the like in the ingot and the loss resulting therefrom. For this purpose, according to my invention, the metal in the upper art of an in ot or other mold is heated an maintaine in a liquid condition by the combustion in contact therewith or in close proximity thereto of solid fuel, for example,I charcoal, .by means of a blast of compressed air which is caused to imringe on the fuel while the same is directy or indirectly supported by the metal below. To revent carburization by contact with the burning carbonaceous fuel, and also to retard loss of heat from metal by radiation from the upper surface thereof, a layer of fusible material,-for example, slag, having no injurious action on the metal, may be interposed between the metal and the fuel.

Reference is to be had to the accompanyin drawing in whichigure 1 illustrates an ingot mold together with a blast apparatus suitable for the purposes of my invention, and Fig. 2 is a similar detail view ofthe -u er portion of the mold showing'the same Ifilled A|` indicates a suitable excavation or-pit in which the bottom B of the mold is set, on which is supported the mold body C having a downwardly contracted chamber and rovided with projections C which serve or the convenient lifting and carrying of the mold. At the upper portion I have shown the upwardly contracted sand head D contained in the ring E. The head D should preferably be of some non-conducting materia and of a depth and diameter to suit the particular ingot which it is desired to feed with the metal to compensate for shrinkage thereof on cooling. t In proximity to the molding pit I arrange an air supply pipe F provided with a controlling valve F and connected at one end with a compressed air supply main G; the other end of the hot or cold air supply pipe is located in the open air and constructed to allow a blast of air to issue therefrom and toibe rejected downward into the to of the mold'below.

As shown in the rawing, ythe blast device or nozzle consists of a chamber or head G3 with a number of small pi es G radiating therefrom, the said pipes aviug downinverted U, or in ot er words, said pipe is formed with a gooseneck at its upper end. I prefer an arrangement in which the entire supply pipe F or at least the upper portion thereof may be turned about its own vertical axis so that the blast device G3 G may be swung 'centrally over the mold, or away to the side of it when not required for use. Instead of mounting the supply pipe or a portion thereof to turn, it might be otherwise movable to and fromits operative position.

After casting an ingot in the mold in the ordinary way, solid fuel is placed in the upper part or head of the mold above the fluid metal with or without theinterposition of a layer of slag or equivalent protectin material which may be introduced in a lui or owderedcondition. Then the discharge en or nozzle of the air supply pipe 1s brought over the mold, and by opening the valve 'F' a -blast of airis turned on and caused to impinge upon the 'ignited fue] below, so vas to cau-se vigorous combustionthereof yand the production of intense heat the upper maintain the heating operation. In this manner the metal at the top of the ingotl canbe readily kept in the molten condition 1 necessary to largelyreduce "the formation of cavities, that is, iping in the in oty and thereby enable a telly considerable Vsaving in metal to be ei'ecte large portion of the upper lpart of the ingot has to be cut off.

The present application is a division of another application filed by me in the United `as compared with i ordinary practice, according to which a @emes VStates Patent @mee yon May 12, 1906, Serial i210 I claim:

'The combination, 'with an upright mold, of an air blast pipe 'provided lat .its upper end with'a goosenec' mounted to swing labout the axis of the pipe from Ya position :above the mold to an ino erative position vin which the top of .the mod is left free said rgoo'seneck carrying a downwardly directed discharge nozzle at its free end."

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two sublscribing witnesses.

. lROBERT ABBOTT HADFIELD.

Witnesses: l

FRANCIS S.`MGGRATH, Ronnn'r E'MANNING.

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