US943349A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

F. HODGKINSON.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE. APPLICATION rum) MAY 26, 1908.

- WITNESSES;-

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v 1 I B 9 I ATTORNEY N FACT.

UN TED s ATEs PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS HODGKINSON, OF EDGEWOQD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE I WESTINGHOUSE MACHINE COMPANY,-A CORPORATION OFlPENNSYLVANIA.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Patented Dec. 14, 1909.

Application filed M a; 1908. Serial No. 4s5,o79..

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, FnANcIs'HoDoK1NsoN,-'

a subject of the King of Great'Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Edgewood Park,

in the county of Alle heny and State of Pennsylvania, have ma e a 'newandus'eful Invention in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of

, which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to blading-for elastic fluid turbines and particularly to means for mounting the blades on the blade-oarrying elementsof the turbines.

An object of my invention is the" prod 11c mtion of bladin'gmeansjfor turbines which is simple and effective-and which-rendersthe :operation ,of renewing'blades a simple matter. w

1 A further object is the production of simple and eflective means for assemblingthe blades in segmental strips and for mountln the strips in blade mounting slot-s provide :in the turbine blade-carrying element.

Various methods have been employed for securing the blades to' the blade-carrying elements. of the turbine. In onemethod,

.which is generally employed, the bla des are secured in slots, provided in theblade-carrying element. A method which has also been used tosome extent employs. a base strip which is provided with slots for-receiving the blades. Various means have been em.- ployed for, securing the blades to the base strip and for finallysecuring the strip to the blade-carrying element ofthe turbine. The strip is usually secured by-means of a calk-v fing strip into a slot or groove rovidedin the blade carrying element".

he calking strip isinserted into the slot with the base strip and is expanded transversely by a calk-v; ing pressure so as to grip one wall of the slot and to force the base strip into gripping contact with the other wall of'the' slot.

My invention contemplates utllizing separate spacing pieces between the blades, as-

sembling' the blades and spacing pieces to form a segmental strip and securing the strip into a slot or groove provided for its reception in the blade-carrying element.

In the drawings accompanying this ap- "cut mounting slots 7, in which blades Sand :with a hole 11 which extends transversely plication and. forming a part thereof: Figure 1 is a transverse section of a fragment of -the rotor element ofa turbine and discloses,.

in elevation, blades "and spacing pieces lo cated in a blade-mounting slot; Fig. 2 isa transverse section of a fragment of thestator. or the stationary blade-carrying element of the turbine anddiscloses in section an. embodiment of my invention; Fig.1) is a longitudinal section of'aportion of the rotor taken-at right: angles to the section in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a plan view of blades secured to a'blade-carrying element and embodies my invention; Fig; 5 illustratesin perspective a detail of, my invention; and, Fig. 6 illus-' 'trates, in fragmental section, a detail, embodied'in my invention.

The blade-carrying'element 6 of the turbine is provided with a plurality of underint-ermediate spacingpieces 9 are mounted. Each blade is provided near its base with a hole 10, which extends transversely therethrough and each spacing piece is provided through the piece.

The blades and spacing pieces are assembled in segmental strips or -sections by mounting a number of them on a binder wire '12 which is threadedthrough the holes 10 and 11 respectively of the blades and pieces. The blades and pieces-are assembled Wire are riveted over to-secure them together and to form a fairly rigid segmental strip.

The buter or free end of each blade 1s provided with a comma-shaped hole 13 through'v'vhich .a binding Wire 14 of comma crosssection extends-n The binding wire is secured in place and is-caused to-space tl1c outer ends of the blades by having its tailshaped fin 15 sheared and bent over between adjacent blades.

After the blades and spacing pieces are assembledin segmental strips the strips are secured in the mounting slots 7 by means of cooperating wedges which-are driven home,

one beside the other, between the segmental strip and one wall of the slot.

The slots 7 are preferably undercut. and

one lateral face of each-spacing piece 9 is undercut wall of the slot. The other lateral;

on-the wire in any suitable""manner and"- after they are in place onthe ends of the 'inclined as shown at 16, Fig. 5, to come y .fspond to the inclination of the adjacent= Ill) face ofeach spacing piece is formedat right" angles to the bottom and top faces of the piece.' I

i The segmental strips are secured into the.

undercut slots by'means of double or comound ta )ered wed es .17. The wed esare.

inserted into the slot between the vertical faces of the spacing pieces'and the adjacent undercut wall of'the slot andare arranged in pairs and are so constructed that, when driven home, the two. wedges-of each pairconjointly form a wedge-shal'ied key which efi'ectivelysecures the blade strip in place and which is prevented by its shape and by the entirespecification I. have utilized the.

the shape of its component wedg'esfrom beingdislodged from the slot; by centrifugal term blade in the broadsense; that is, a

sense which includes'the rotating blades of the niovi ug element of the'turbine and alsothe stationary blades which are ordinarily termed vanes.

The segn'ieutal strips are of such length that a redeterm'ined number of them coindetely fill one of the blade-mounting slots 7 and they are so arranged at their ends that they do not destroy the spacing of the blades. Each segmental strip s secured into,the'slot by anumbero'f pairs of wedges 17.- The wedges are preferably so spaced within the-slots thatjthe ends of the wedges of one pair abut against the ends of the adjacent pairs. I

Since it is necessary to leave considerable space between the first and last pairs of wedges introduced into a lade-mounting slot, I have provided special means for securing the component wedges of these pairs in place and I have illustrated the same in .Fig. 6. A simple. wedge 20 and a rectangular key 21 are cut to, such lengths as to fit into the, blade-mounting slot between the wedges of the first and last pairs. The wedge 20 is introduced into the blade-mounting slot and is so located within the slot that its inclined face contacts with an undercut wall. of the slot. The wedge is also of such width that it projects beyond the slot a predetermined amount. The key 21 is introduced into the slot between the Wedge 20 and the segmental blade strip. The key and the wedge are then secured 1n place by 'peening or calking over the projecting edge of the wedge, so that the key 21 is H 'locked in place by being enveloped by the wedge 20 and the segmental blade-strip. Such an arrangement absolutely prevents the wedges becoming loose in the slots.

- In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the prinbut I- desire to have it understood that the. apparatus shown is only illustrative that: the invention can be carried out' b 'y other means.

What I claim is:

1. In combinationin an elastic fluid tur- 'bine,,a blade-holding element'provided with an undercut mounting slot,'alternately arixin'ged blades and spacing pieces located "111 said slot and compound tapered wedges located in said slot for securing saidblades mg pieces and compound tapered wedges for;

securing said blades in placein said slot.

In combination in an elastlc fluid turbine, a. blade-holding element provided with an undercut slot, alternatelyarrange'd blades and spacing pieces located in said slot, means for securing said blades and said pieces together and wedges arranged in pairs for securing said blades in saidslots.

'4. A blade-mounting strip comprising blades provided atone end with a hole extending transversely therethrough, spacing pieces provided with an inclined and a vertical lateral face, and means extending through the'holes provided in said blades and said pieces for securing said blades and said pieces together. g I

5. In combination with a blade-mounting element provided with blade-mounting slots,

blades located in said slots and spacing pieces provided with one vertical and one inclined lateral face located between said blades.

6. In combination with a blade-mounting element provided with a blade-mounting slot; a blade strip, wedges located in saidslot,

for securing said strip ijn'place within the slot and means located between the ends of adjacent wedges for secur ng them in place. 7. In comblna'ti'on with a blade-carrying element provided with a blade-mounting slot, a blade-mounting strip located within said slot, wedgesloc'ated within said slotfor securing said strip in placeand means calked 'within said slot for securing said wedges in place.

8. In combination with-a blade-carrying element provided with a blade-carrying slot, a blade-mounting strip locatedwithin said slot, component wedges located within said slot for securing said strips in place, and a two-part key calked into said slot for securing said wedges in place.

9. In an elastic fluid turbine, a blade holding element provided with aslot, alternately arranged blades and spacing pieces located in said slott'and wedges-located within said slot between the sides of the spacing pieces and the sides'of the slot for securing said blades and said spacing pieces in place.

10. In an elastic fluid turbine, a blade blades and spacing pieces located within said slot, means for securing said blades and, said spacing pieces together and wedges for securing said blades and said spacing pieces in said slot, said wedges being between the sides of the spacing pieces and the sides'of the slot.-

vIntestimcny whereof, I have hereunto 15 subscribed my name this 16th day of May, 1908.

FRANCIS HODGKINSON.

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