US942828A - Regulator for turbines. - Google Patents

Description

s. T. HOLLY. REGULATOR FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4,1907.

Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

5 SHBETSSHEET 1.

S. T. HOLLY. REGULATOR FOR TURBINES.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 4, 1907.

Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

ibiinew'es S. T. HOLLY,

REGULATOR FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED 110v. 4, 1907.

Patented Dec. '7, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3= wifhesses:

frwenfar;

s; T. HOLLY.

REGULATOR FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4, 1907.

942,828. Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

U/ilnesses I my arizor S. T. HOLLY.

REGULATOR FOE TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4. 1907.

942,828. Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

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SOLOLEON TOVJ'NSEND HOLLY, OE LOS ANGELES, ASSIGNGR OF ONE FUU FF 1'0 CARRIE O. HQLLY, GNE- TIE- TH L TEZEJJ I I liEi-hRSlON, AND ONE- a v.- J l FOURTH TO ANNE?) 3J1. Iv'L'ARST N, ALL 03 L053 i NirE m3, CALIFUENEA.

PaEG jLfiT Pa FOR TURBINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 4, 1907. Serial No, 490

of the same. Fig. at is a fragmentary vertical section on lines X-X of Fig. 1, shown partly broken. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal verl tical section, showing an external regulatiug inechnnisin, part of the turbine proper l1 eing shown in fragment. Fig. (3 is :1 side elevation of the turbine, showing the regurentel new and useful Improvements in ileguhtors for Turbines, of 110b the following is specification. lating mechanism assembled. Figs. 7, S, 5 The niventien relates to regulators torturand 10 are fragmentary details of the rack binesandhus particular reference to regulaand pinion mechanism for controlling the tors for that class of turbines of the type disvalves within the case. (ZlOHGIl and claimed in my Patent 858599, isl designates the case. suenJulyQ,190?,bnt it nlsoadapted foran Q is the rotor provided with a duplicate improved form of turbine, which comprises row or peripheral lnickets or pockets nd a rotor provided with peripheral. pockets or 5 is an annular diaphragm or disk cenbucltets, divided and separated by a central trnlly dividing the buckets :3 and l and fasdiaphragin or disk, which divides the intoned to the rotor by bolts or screws or in flowing stream of steam under pressure, into my other manner. he rotor proper is two distinct streams, each impinging against bolted to a hub, 6, which is keyed to a shaft, the buckets or pockets on opposite sides of jonlnnlcd in case 1. said central diaphragm or disk. The im- 8 is the main trains of the case 1, which proved town of turbine, does, hmvever, form together With the annular ring .1 i Oif'nis the no part or the present invention, but will be steam chest or reservoir. made the subject or another patent, no pres- 10 is an annuhu: Web or dish torn'iing a. ent illustration thereof, having been made LliViSioil plate b ween t e nozzles 11. merely to make a more lucid disclosure of d g GS two nnnnlflr series of ad the regulator to be hereinafter descril ed. jnstablemembers provided on opposite sides cl the main objects of this invention, of the Web 10, and pivotally screwed thereto is to pr vide a. regulating means for varyy e b which extend transvers ly ingly controlling the series of tapering stenni tlli'Oilgll discharging nozzles at thepoint of smallest 1idesignates a plurality 0 area, in order to obtain the greatest density rii'cted to the center Web 16, i and pressure at a point as near possible of which the rear of the Ca ve lllL to the terminus of the nozzles, and to the bear, and the opposite side of which apex of ach bucket of the turbine. portion of the nozzle torthein-tlowing stea 1,

Another object of this invention is to proso that in conjunction with the valve incinvide {ill easily controllable regulator, in which the area of discharge of the motive fluid is capable of being varied, Whether is nits in, the case.

bers l2, a series of tapering steam nozzles are obtained, WlllCil by reason of "heir more men? on their pivotal axes are intended to suing from he stenin reservoir at the highest vary at ditl'erent times the q antit y' of the or '--inallest pressure, and in a maximum or ilnpelling fluid, While 7 time preininnnuin quantity serving tire greatest the point Tlith these and other objects in view, my where the s n enters s or pool;-

invention consists in such features, details of construction and combination of part, as will be ,ribed in connection with the aceznl coinpan ving drawings, and then be more title C pnrticularlv pointed out in the claims. 1

in the (f 'ings Figure l a longitudinal section showing the improvement partly in s l? to receive jtraguient. 2 is a side elevation of the v t valve lilQllilfiiS r ring valve controlling levers, the same being hese one s 1 shown detached. 3 is an l within the provided with h steam is adnn in 'Whi or the valve members are end elevation molly housefi; ttlCl rings 15 are also vided with recesses 19 on opposite sides of each ring, said recesses being arranged to accommodate the projecting tangs 20 of the actuating levers 21 and 22, one of which is keyed or firmly secured in any manner to the shaft 23, which extends through and is journaled in the case.

As will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, the lever 22 is keyed to the shaft. It comprises a disk member, having a tang 20 aforementioned. The disk portion of said lever 22 is provided with a small web or projection 2% and with openings 25. The lever 21 is also mounted on shaft 23, but loosely and adjustably relatively to the lever 22 and for this reason the disk portion of the lever 21 is provided with slightly curved slots 26 and with angularly disposed lugs 27, provided with screw threaded openings arranged to receive the set screws 28 as seen in Fig. T he said lever 21 is fitted on to shaft 23, so that the lugs 27 stand on opposite sides of the projecting web or lug 2%. The bolts 29 are then extended through the walls 26 and into an opening provided therefor, whereupon, when the correct position of the lever 21 has been ascertained, thebolts are screwed home to tightly hold the same against movement on the shaft 23 and relatively to the other lever 22. In other words, the two levers are secured together to move as one part, after the positive adjustment of the lever 21, so that although no variation results in the amount of travel of the ring, for con trolling the valve members, more steam is nevertheless admitted to one series of buc- QtS than to the other series. Various advantages are accomplished by thus providing for the adjustability of the two valve controlling levers, the most important of which may be stated, to reside in the compensation or balancing of the rotatable member, when for any reason the turbine is made to as suine a position which is at an incline to the horizontal. In this manner, the end thrust is regulated and the wheel held in steady balance.

30 is a plate removably bolted to the outside ring 9 which forms part of the steam reservoir, and which is provided for the purpose of ef ecting the adjustmentof the lever 21.

On the shaft 7 is a worm 31 with which a similar worm gear 32 meshes. This worm gear 32 is mounted on the end of a shaft 33, which is held in place by the bracket 3% se cured to the case 1, shaft 33 being journaled in the framework 35 for the external regulating mechanism. On the opposite end of the said shaft 33 is a bevel wheel 36 meshing with a bevel wheel 37 keyed to a shaft 38 which is journaled in the framework 35. On the end of the shaft 38 is another bevel wheel 39 which meshes with the bevel wheel %0 keyed on to the end of a vertical shaft %1.

%2 is a sleeve provided with two bevel gears %3 and which are made integral with the sleeve and spaced apart a predetermined distance for purposes to be more fully hereinafter specified. This sleeve %2 is splined on to the shaft %1, and is capable of a vertically sliding movement thereon. The upper portion of the sleeve is provided with an annular groove %5 to receive the short levers %6, arovided on the ends of the two arms %7, which carry the revolving regulating balls %8.

%9 is a yoke keyed fast to the shaft 411 and the arms %7 are pivotally secured thereto.

designates a helical spring, one end of which is secured to the lug %9 on one of the arms and the other end of which is provided with a loop adapted to be engaged by an eye L on one end of the bar 52. Said bar extends through an orifice in the lug 51, and at its other end is provided with a jam nut and a lock nut forthe purpose of adjustably mounting the bar in the lug, to regulate the degree of tension of spring 50 which the centrifugal action of the revolving balls must overcome before moving outward. It is obvious that in this manner buta limited movement of the regulating balls is permissible, a circumstance which is neces sary for the very limited movement of the regulating valve ring under various degrees of loads.

As shown by the drawings, the revolving weight shaft %1..is supported by the spider frame 5%. The globular portion consists of upper hemisphere A and lower hemisphere B, said upper hemisphere carrying shaft %1 and said lower hemisphere being supported by frame 5%. Said hemispheres are provided with oppositely disposed circular grooves on their flat sides to form raceways for receiving a plurality of antifriction balls 56. hen the upper half of the globe is properly secured to the weight shaft %1, it holds the weighted means securely and allows it to revolve with perfect freedom.

57 is a spider bolted to the frame 35 and made in two pieces to loosely fit the sleeve %2. It. is provided with a stud 58, on which loosely mounted a bevel wheel 59, which is held in place by the cap 60 and screw 61. This bevel wheel 59 occupies the space between the bevel wheels %3 and provided on the sleeve %2. tioned wheels are provided with gears, but depend upon friction to impart movement to the bevel wheel 59. When increase of the speed of the turbine causes the regulating balls to spread, they raise the sleeve which is keyed on to the shaft and bring the bevel surface of the lower bevel wheel %3 into frictional engagement with the bevel surface of the bevel wheel 59. On the other hand, when the speed decreases, the balls by reason None of the aforemenof the springs, are drawn inwardly toward the center of the spider, causing the sleeve 42 to travel downwardly, pressing the face of the bevel wheel as into engagement with the bevel face of the bevel wheel 5-9, to retate said wheel 59 in the reverse direction to the rotation imparted by the bevel wheel (32 is a shaft provided with a ball fitting in a socket- G l, provided in bevel wheel (35 a gear wheel firmly secured to the shaft and connected with the shaft 66 by gimbal or universal joint 67. The gear wheel meshes continually with the wheel 38 stationarily mounted on the frame 35; the said gear wheel being provided with a greater number of teeth than the gear wheel 35, in order to cause each gyratory movement of arms 62 and gear 65 to produce a partial. rotation of shaft 66 and pinion 6%), the extent of such rotation being determined by the difierencc between the number of teeth in gears 65 and 68. The gyrating gear avoids the loss of motion liable to result from con'ipounding several The fixed gear is provided with more teeth than the gyrating gear in order to have a dilterentiation, which depends entirely upon the amount or". gearing back The amount of rotation imparted to the pinion by each gvration of gear is calculated to be equivalent to the circumferential distance covered by the excess number of teeth in gear (38 over the number of teeth in gear 65. The power transmitted to the pinion is thus greatly compounded. The gyratory means includes gear 65 and arm 62, said arm having an end 6 3 eccentrically connected with bevel gear 59 and having its other end mounted in line with the axis of gear That portion of the regulating device located within the turbine case, which includes the series of expansible nozzles, is of such a nature that it requires but a very limited movement of the annular actuating ring for simultaneously expanding and contracting all of the nozzles or steam passages to admit steam to the turbine.

it for any reason of neglect or other cause, the steam pressure should become so low as to tail to maintain the desired speed when the expandible nozzles are opened to their limit, an alarm is sounded by a bell 7S and a vibrating tooth at the end of the rack T0. Said tooth is so hinged that when it is moved under the center of the driving pinion 69, the sliding support 76 is pushed from beneath it by being brought against a stud or pin '77 located on the regulator frame. The "further action of the pinion in that direction will push the hinged tooth down and slip the gear (59, allowing the same to revolve without further movement of the rack. The vibrating of the tooth, vibrates a. ball or hammer, and gives a signal on a bell 78 suitably located, as shown. On the reverse movement of the pinion, the spring 79 beneath the vibrating tooth, holds it up to its normal position, and the reverse action of the pinion has no tendency to depress it. In moving the rack in the direction to decrease the discharging capacity of the nozzles, the efiect would be to entirely close the nozzles and therefore stop the engine, so

that no guard or safety tooth is required at that end of the rack. In practice, it is not deemed advisable to use the adjustable nozzles to start and shut down the engine, but preferably the main admission valve. This is, however, within the discretion of the engineer.

As shown by tl e drawings, the valve rests 11- are approximately triangular in their general cross section outline and are ranged around the turbine in an annular series, being spaced circumferentially apart to leave steam inlets between adjacent valve rests. Each valve rest is provided with a curved rear portion adapted to receive a correspondingly curved heel with which each valve member 12 is provided. Said valve members 12 are provided with two arms, one of which projects rearwardly and has a slightly curved inner side to form in connection with the next rearward valve rest, a forwardly directed steam inlet; the other arm of each valve member 12 extends radially outward from its heel and is operatively engaged by the regulating ring 15. The curved heels of the valve members at all times form a close fit against the curved rear portions of the valve rests so that the steam cannot escape past the heels.

The ring for operating the various valves, or valve members, as they have been termed, may be controlled and operated by the lovers 73, which are interconnected by the bar 71, in which case the cam lever 7 t operates to throw the rack 70 out of mesh with the pinion 69. it is evident that any movement of the ring produces a movement of the valve members on their pivotal axes, which move ment regulates the amount of steam that is to be admitted to the rotor of the turbine. The ring itself is held freely within the case and upon the ends of the valve members.

hat I claim is:

l. A regulator for turbines comprising an annular series of pivotal valve members forming nozzles, Cll'ClllHftfl'ltltllly moving means to control said valve members, gyratory means to regulate said controlling means, a governor, and gearing operating between said governor and said gvratory means, said gyratory means being provided with an arm for gyrating the same, one end of said arm being eccentrically connected with. a. gear of said gearing and the other end of said arm being mounted axially in line with said gear.

Liv

2. A regulator for turbines comprising annular series of pivotal valve members forming nozzles, internal means engaging said valve members for moving the same, means to move one series of valve members a greater distance than another series, and external means for operating said means.

3. A regulator for turbines comprising two annular series of pivotal valve members forming nozzles, means for moving said valve members to control the size of the nozzles, and means for governing said moving means to give a. greater movementto one series of valve members than to the o-ther.

l. A regulator for turbines, comprising annular series of pivotal valve members, forming expansive fluid nozzles, circumferentially movable rings, carried by said valve members, for simultaneously actuating all of said members, and means for giving a greater circumferential movement to one of said rings than to the other.

5. A regulator for turbines, comprising annular series of pivotal valve members, forming expansive fluid nozzles, circumferentially movable rings carried by said members, for actuating all of said members, means for actuating said rings, and means for governing said means, to give a greater circumferential movement to one of said rings than to the other, for controlling the size of the nozzle.

6. A regulator, comprising a diaphragm, located in proximity to the rotatable member of a turbine; a plurality of regulable nozzles on opposite sides of said diaphragm, freely movable rings, for regulating the size of the nozzles, means for circumferentially moving said rings, to control said nozzles, and means for adjusting said means, to vary the distance of travel of one of said rings, relatively to the other.

7. A regulator for turbines, comprising the case and rotor, ournaled in said case, a diaphragm in proximity to the rotor, a plurality of fixed and movable members on said diaphragm mutually interacting to form nozzles of varying dimensions, means for limiting the movement of said movable members, rings normally engaging said members, for operating said movable members, means for controlling said rings, to gage the movement circumferentially, of the rings, relatively to each other, and regulating means, externally of the case, for controlling said means.

8. A regulator for turbines comprising pivotal valve members, and rings for actuating said valve members, in combination 1 with means for actuating said rings comwith a plurality of steam passages or noz l zles, a ring extending around the turbine for regulating the size of said nozzles, means for rotating said regulating ring, a shaft for operating said means, a stationary gear surrounding said shaft and having teeth facing toward one end of said shaft, a gyratory gear having a different number of teeth from the teeth of said stationary gear, an arm for gyrating said gyratory gear while maintaining it in mesh with said stationary gear, said gyratory gear being fixed to said arm and said arm being attached by a universal joint to said shaft, a governor, and means operatively connecting said governor with said arm to gyrate the same.

10. A regulator for turbines comprising an annular series of pivoted valve members, a series of valve rests interposed between said valve members, there being a chamber extending radially outward from said valve members and valve rests forming an annular steam chest, each valve rest cooperating with a valve member on one side thereof to form a nozzle and being pivoted adjacent to and having a close fit with the valve member on the opposite side thereof, and means within said steam chest to operate said valve members. 7 11. A turbine having an annular series of pivoted valve members, a series of valve rests triangular in general outline between said valve members, an annular steam chest surrounding said valve members and valve rests, each valve rest having a nozzle on one side thereof and one of said valve members in contact with the other side thereof, a ring in said steam chest operatively connected with said valve members to regulate the discharge of said nozzles, and means for moving said ring.

12. A turbine having an annular series of valve rests spaced circumferentially apart to form inwardly directed steam inlets therebetween, said valve rests having curved rear portions, a series of pivoted valve members provided with curved heels engaging the curved portions of said valve rests, said valve members having a rearwardly projecting arm adapted to cooperate with the next rearward valve rest to form a nozzle, and an operating arm extending radially outward from said heel, an annular steam chest surrounding said valve rests and valve members, a ring in said steam chest operatively engaging said radial arms of said valve members and means for moving said ring circumferentially to control the size of said inlets.

13. A regulator for turbines comprising inlet means, means for controlling the size of said inlet means, said controlling means comprising a toothed rack, a governor, means operated by the turbine for rotating said governor, a pinion controlled by said governor for moving said rack, means at one end of said rack to lower the same out of en gagement with said pinion and means at that end of said rack to manually operatethe same when in the lowered position In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in presence of two subscribing witnesses SOLOMON TOWNSEND HOLLY. lVitnesses Anni IlLiY MARs'roN, LUTHER M. MARSTON.

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