US940689A - Automatic stop for elastic-fluid turbines. - Google Patents

Description

F. HODGKINSON. AUTOMATIC-STOP PoR ELASTIG FLUID 'TURBIMJSA APPLICATION FILED NOV. 17. 1904.

940,689. 'Patented N0v.23,1909.

F. HODGKVINSON. AUTOMATIG STOP'POR BLASTIG FLUD TURBINES.

.APPLICATION FILED NOV.17, 1904.

Patented Nov. 28, 1909.

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@miba/@ow specification.

UNITED srArEs PArizNr ortica.

FRANCIS' HonGKINsoN, or EDGEwoon PARK-PENNSYLVANIA, AssIaNoIa To THE yw,ns'rrirsnousia MACHINE COMPANY, A .CORPORATION-.or PENNSYLVANIA.

AUTOMATIC STOP FOR LASTIC-FLUID TURBINES.

Ireland', residing at Edgewood Park, in the.

`county of Allegheny land State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Automatic Stops for Elastic- F luid Turbines, of which the following is a This invention relates to elastic *fluid turbmes and more particularly to means whereby the working iiuid supply thereto -is automatically cut off when for any reason the turbine speed exceeds a certain predeter;

It is to be understood, how-l elements entering into the make-up of the the arts to which it appertains, one has been,

apparatus as illustrated and described and 'hereinafter particularly claimed withoutv reference to turbines, those combinations so claimed are to be deemed dominating whereever for other uses they may be found applicable.

Among the many objects of this invention which will readily appear to those skilled in to. produce comparatively simple and eth- 4cient means for accomplishing the vautomatic cut-oit of the working iiiiid supply .to elastic fluid-turbines when a predetermined speed is exceeded.

As this class of turbine is largely used for driving electrical apparatus, and, as excessive speed of a turbine, when driving such apparatus, is liable to be due to a- .tion and illustrated in the presented drawings-throughout both views of which similar elements are denoted by like characters.

In the drawings Figure b1 isa sectional elevationgof the Huid cut-oit valve utilized with thi "invention and its operating motor, and FigQQ-i-sa sectional elevation of the Specification of Letters Patent.

device cont-rolling the operation of the fluid cutoff valve.

Situated at any suitable position along the casing 8 within which a piston valve 4 of any suitable type reciprocates. The stem 5 of the valve, projectsthrough and beyond the end `6 of the valve casing and-into a valve-motor cylinder 7 secured to the end of the valve casing. The valve-motor cylinder is bored to two diameters as shown in the drawings and the Valve. stem 5 carries two pistons Sand-9 located. in the different sized bores. Each of these pistons' is preferably water-grooved to preserve a tight iit 10 through the top 6 of the valve casing and the wall of cylinder 7 leads from the interior of the valve casing 3 to a point 11 at all times above piston 8.- A bushing .13 within end 6 of lthe valve casingsurrounds valve stem 5 with a loose fit, whereby fluid is' allowed to gradually leak through the bushing around the valve stem.

the atmosphere through a pipe 14 controlled by means hereinafter described, and piston 9 is provided with an extension 15 which forms a tell-tale or visible indicator, and which extends out through an open-ing therefor'in the end of the valve-motor casing.l lAssuming that, pipe 14 is closed to the atmospliere and that the interior of valve casing 3 is subject to iiuid under pressure, it will be seen that the pressure accumulated below piston 8 will hold the valve 4 open as shown in Fig. 1 against the pressure above piston 8 on account of the difference in effective areas on the opposite sides of piston S; piston 9 occupying a larger orgreater area than valve stem 5. It will be seen how- 'ever that when pipe 14 is open to the atmosphere high pressure Huid will pass through by-pass 10 and the pressure on l'top of pistn 8 will move said piston downward and close valve 4, as the area of by-pass 41() is greater than the leakage `area around piston-rod 5 within bushing` 13. It will be seen that the position` of valve 4 is at all times visibly indicated by tell-tale 15.

The controlling device for exhaust pipe 14 will now be described. Pipe 14 inFig. 9 which is a continuation of pipe`14 in Fig. '1 communicates with a chamber 16 which in 'turn communicates with a chamber 17 l Patented Nov. 23, 1909.

\ Application led November 17, 1904. Serial No. 233,081.

fluid supply line to the turbine, is a valvewithin its cylinder and a valvedfby-pas's The valvemotor cylinder, below piston 8, connects withthrough-a passage'gway :18,c'ontrolled by a valve 19. Chamber 17 is in direct conimunication at' all ti'ines with the atmosphere and the position of'valve 19 determines or controls the operation f the supplywcut-off valve 4. In order thatvalve 19 opens passage 18 and placesfeghaust pipe 14 in communication with the atmosphere to closev Avalve 4 when the speed of the turbine to which the device is attached exceeds a certain predetermined limit, the device is prilefcrably connectedto the turbine shaft. 4`The valve controlling' device, which is self-contained, so to speak. is carried within a housing 2C', which is bolted or otherwise secured tol one end of the .turbine casing 21; or 21 'may represent one end of a bearing housing for the turbine shaft.-

Rotatably journaled Within bushings 22 and 23 formed in opposite ends of housing 2O is a' centrifugal spring resisted device or agent, comprising a revoluble shaft 24,.a Imember 25 revoluble with said shaft 24 but movable longitudinally thereof by means of. ilyballs or Weights 26; a pin 27 adapted to be moved by member 25 g a revoluble bushing 28 surrounding pin 27 anda spring 29 re-E sisting the centrifugal act-ion of Weights 276 and which is adjustable as to its resistance by means of a nut 3() lying against a containing collar 31. vArms 32'ivhich carry the Weights 26 are pivotally mounted on member 25, which member is formed in halves and bolted. together as at 33. Each arm 32 vis formed in the nature of a bell crank lever and the short arm of the lever isball ended as at 34 and lies vvithin an annular groove or'space between shoulders formed for that purpose on shaft24. From this it will be seen that When the forcedue to the Aoutward movement under centrifugal action of nv'eights26 is sufficient `to overcome the resistance of spring 29, .the member 25 `Will be forced longitudinally of shaft 24, and bolt Within a collar 37 Which is screwed or other-.

Wisev fastened onto the end of the turbine shaft 38. This pin 35 lies looselyt Within the slot formed inthe end of collar 37 and it Will be seen that by means of this, a driving con nection is easily established between the turbine shaft and the centrifugal device With-h out the necessity of line alinement of the turbine shaft and shaft 24. It will be seen that one size of the centrifugal device may beutilized for many different sizes of turbines,

. atmosphere.

and that this construction forms an etlcient yet extremely cheap type of coupling. Valve 19 is provided with a stem 39 which is prevented frgm turning by means of a screw 4() which lies Within a channel formed in the stem. y

Pivotally mounted at 41 Within al bifur\ cated supporting arm or lever 42, which in turn is pivoted at 43 to the end of housingv t. 2O is a tripping lever 4-4, one endL of which 75' always lies in the path of pin- 27, while vthe other end, when the device is in operative position, lies in the path of valve stem 39. The end 45 which lies in the path of valve stem '39 is provided. with a hardened sharp Se edged block, and an adjustment screw 46 is provided whereby a nice adjustment between the end of valve stem 39 and this hardened vblock at the end 45 of the tripping lever, is

phere. As the speed of the turbine increases,

theA Weights 26, which are fulcrumed onfg'he.l shaft 24,l move outwardly and force the `95` member 25 longitudinally of the shaft in opposition to the pressure of the spring 29. IVhen the turbine reaches a predetermined and excessive speed, the Weights 2G force the member 25'to such a position that the lost 100 vmotion between the bolt 33 and the pin 27 is.

taken up and the pin 27 is moved longitudinally to actu'ate the tripping lever 44.v The pin 27 by turning the tripping lever 44 about .its fulcrum 41 moves'the end 45 olf the valve 10'5 stem 39 and permits the valve19 to open under the influence of the fluid pressure Within the pipe 14 and' to thereby place the pipe14 into direct communication with the The spring 47, which is attached to the lever 42 on which the tripping .lever 44 is fulcrumed, permits the lever 42 to yield under the force transmitted by the pin 27 and vconsequently permits the lever 44 to be tripped; that is, moved from under the stem 39 with less effort; As soon as the pipe 14 is.in commiinicat-ionivith the atmosphere the valve 4 Ais immediately closed and the fluid supply tothe turbine is'cut olf.

, Itk will be seen'that valve 4 will remain..v12`0 closed'and the fluid supply cnt oftl from the 4turbine until tripping lever 44 is again manually placed in position by means of lever 42.

1. In adevice of the class described, the combination with a chamber having an inlet port and an outlet port, a eut-olf valve, a pressurepipe in communication with the chamber through the inlet port and in conimunication with the casing of the cut-offfS 'efiose for said latch, a speed-responsive deviceand means actuated by the speed-responsive device `for tripping. said latch to permit the pressure in the pipe to unseat the valve for the chamber and thereby relieve the pressure in\the pipe topermit the cut-oil valve to close. v y

2, Ina device of the class described, a fluid supply line for motors, an emergency valve motor operatively connected to said emergency valveand normally holding said valveopen, a speedaesponsive device driven by the motor, and means whereby the motor may be driven at i speed less than a determined maximum Without yeffecting a movement ofthe emergency valve, said last' named means being actuated by the 4speedresponsive device to eect a quick closing movement of the emergency valve when f'thespeed-responsive device indicates a speed voff he motor above a maximum.

In combination, a'fluidf supply line for afn IJtor, an emergency valve 1n the line, a

.f pressure. device for normally Vholding the emergency, valve open av speed-responsive-` device rdrivenby the motor, and means ac'- tuated the speed-responsive device Jfor relieving pressure on the emergency valve toel'ect. a closing m ovement4 thereof when 'the motor exceeds a determined"maximum speed".A x

4, In combination, a Huid motor, a Huid supply line therefor, an emergency valve inrthe line, a vluid actua-ted valve motor operatively connectedl to said valve, a speedresponsive device driven by the fluid motor, an auxiliary valve .controlling the delivery of-motive -tluid from said valve motor, adjustable means for seating the' auxiliary valve to maintain through the agency of said vvalve motor said ,emergency valve open, and means actuated by said speed-responsive' device for tripping said adjustable means toV relieve pressure in the valve motor and thereby cause said emergency valve to be closed.-

In combination, a pressure chamber adapted to communicate with a valve casing of an emergencyv valve, a port in said chamber adapted to communicate with the atmosphere, a valve for saidport, means for normally keeping said valve seated to close the poi-t in the chamber, a speed-.responsive -fluid to a motor, a valve casing through which the motive fluid must passv from the source of supply to the motor, la cut-oil'l valve in said valve casing, a tluid actuated means for said valve and having opposing pressures on opposite sides, a valve casing having a normally closed cl'iairibei.adaptedv to open to the atmosphere, a pressure pipe communicating with the closed chamber and with `a chamber on one side of the fluid actuated means, a valve normally closing 8O the chamber to maintain pressure in the pipe, seating means opposing the pressure in the pipe to normally keep tlielast named valve seated, and a speed-responsive device which at a predetermined speed Will relieve the seating pressure on the last named valve whereby the pressure in the pipe will unseat the last named valve and exhaust the pressure iii the pipe so as to cause the fluid actuated means to seat the eut-ott1 valve.

7. In combination, a chamber having any inlet port andan outlet'poi't, a pipe conimunicating With said chamber through its inlet port and having communication with a pressure supply, means in the pipe to communicate With a cut-off valve to hold the. cut-oit valve unseated While there is pressure in the pipe, a valve for the outlet port of said wchamber, a yieldingly supported means for normally holding said last mentioned valve seated, a speed-responsive de- 4vice, and means actuated by the speed-responsive device :tor causing the .valve seating meansto move out of operative engageI ment with the valve and thereby permit the pressure 'to escape from the pipe and the chamber and to allow the eut-off valve to become seated.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 15th day of November,

FRANCIS HODGKINSON.

lVitnesses Ji'o. S. GREEN, Davia lViLLmais.

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