US1319463A - Doble - Google Patents

Description

W. A. DOBLE.

SPEED GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION mw :uw l1. 19H. l

Eatented Oct'. 241, i919.

Um'rnn smrnsearnnr onnrcn.

, Aarmatuur s. nonnn,.or san mncrsco. CALIFORNIA.

Specication lat Letters Yetent.

' srnnD-eovnnnon.

Patented Oct. 21, 1919.

- original appnoauon alsa :une a. 191s, serial no. 771,308. Patent ml mangez; dated July ai, 1911.

Divided and thizapplication led July 11,1917. Setta! No. 179,963.

x'* y 11T 0. all 'whom't may carmen.

m; Be it known that I, WrLLrAM A. Donne, a

4v.citizen of the United States, and a resident -mf-San Francisco, county of San Francisco,

that the'gate change is smaller fora small load than for a full load.

Other objects and the various features of novelty will be apparent from the following description taken in connectimi with the 60 accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure lis a longitudinal section through lifland-State .of California, have invented cer- "1-t'ain' new and useful Improvements in Speed- ?.a Governors, of which the following is a 15.1fThe invention belongs to :relay me :specication This mvention relates to lmprovements 1n loxspeed controlling apparatus for motors and imore particularly to that class o`f speed controlling apparatus vvhich is adapted for use .1in vconnection with water wheels used for -fdriving electric generators.

that ty e of vspeed controlling vapparatus in whic the ai; .speed responsive or governing element con- :trols the gate' ory other device for regulating atliejsuppi V o motive energy, by means cfa y nism. A'

=,.-1.FOn'e of the "objects of jthe invention isto 'p'rvide a mechanism of this class in which fthe gate or analogous device is moved by fluid pressure means and the controlling or spi'lotv valve for the fluid presure means4 1s moved indefinite relation to the gate so that 1 u, 4flo'r every position of the gate there is a cortres ondmg osition for the pilot valve.

I other o lect is to provlde a speed controlling apparatus having an anti-racing device w ch is so constructed that the ilove'ment of the ate, due to a given change in the speed of t e motor, varies according tothe load on the motor or the gate opening.

"In speed controlling apparatus as heretofore vconstructed anti-racing devices have been provided which'ahave been of the unlfrmly-acti'ng type in which the change m theposition of the gate depends entirely 40 'upon the change in 4swped regardless of the 'load on the ymotor. ith such devices the mi motor will race because the speed isaffooted more by the sameV gate` change when the motor is working' under small load than a water wheel nozzle and the apparatus for controlling the flow through the nozzle;

Fig; 2 is a vertical section of the pilot 65 valve shown in Fi 1 and taken on a plane at right angles to t c plane of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of certain details shown in Fig. 1.

Eig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of 70 Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a side view of a detail. Referring to the drawings, itwill be seen that this ap licaton which is a division of my application #771,308, filed June 2, 1913,

and patented July 431, 1917, No.'1,234,882, shows a speedcontrolling mechanism in connection with a water wheel, the casing of the wheel bein indicated at and the buckets at 31. Tater is supplied to the wheel 80 through the nozzle 132, which is secured to the nozzle body 133 and controlled b f the needle valve 134. The stem 135 -o the needle valve extends through the wall of the I nozzle body, the latter being provided with a 35 extension 138 as shown in Fig. 1. W'ithin 90 the cylinder V137 is a piston 139which is secured to the stein 135 of 'the needle valve. Thestem 135 extends through the rear head of the cylinder 137 and has its outer en d portion 140 screw-threaded. A hand wheel 9,5

141 is arranged on the threaded portion 140 of thestem 135 and is preventedv` from turningofl'l the end of the stem by means of a nut 142. A sleeve 143 is secured to the rear head 45 under full load The quantity of water owin through the gate of a water wheel my! contro ledbv an ap aratus of this type has been heretofore malle, to changeproportionallyxtod the speed olf the water wheel at all 50 loads; and to suit full load'conditions. If 4 the water wheel runs under small load, then 1: tl1e.gate'changes caused by the governor by Secured tothe side of the cylinder'. 137 is speecllvariations'will be too large and a. raca valve casing 145, in which 1s arranged a' v ingofthe water wheel fwill occur. (In m. Jiston valve 146 and a pilot valve 1117, 65 invention ,the apparatus isso constructe {Ehe-valve casing 145may be provlded'with `110 the outer end of the stem 135. This sleeve is provided with a cupped outer end 144 which 1sI adapted to coperate with the inner end of the hubof the w leel 141to form a dash pot for the 'pur )ose of cushioning the` closing 105 movement o the needle valve.

of the cylinder 137 and acts as a Vguide for 1004 annuler passages 148,149, 150 and 151 surrounding the val-ve 146 and the latter may be provided with suitable ports registering with these passages. As will be seen from Fig. 1 the passage 149 l1as'oommun1eation with one end of the cylinder 137 by means of a port 152 and the assage 151 has communication with the ot er end of the `c linder b means offa port 153. From Fig. 2 lo it wi be seen thatl the passage 148 communicates with the eiihaust pi e 154 by means of a port 155, this port a so being in communication with the space 156 i'n the valve casing below the valve v146. The passage 150 has communication'with an inlet pipe 157 which is connected with aA suitable source of liquid under pressure -lor operating the servrrmotor.

Secured to the up )er part of the valve casing 145 are upwur ly projecting arms 158 which carrg,v a table 159, to which is secured thc bracket 160 of the governor. A sleeve 161 is secured to the bracket 160 by means of a suitable screw 162 and has rotatably mounted thereon a bevel gear 163and the sleeves 164 and 165. The sleeve 161 is provided with a shoulder 166 which en ages the upper end of the4 sleeve 164 and iolds the latter against longitudinal movement along the sleeve. S rings 167 have their ends secured to the s eeves 164 and 165 and carry the centrifugal weights 168. The sleeve 165 has arranged therein the head 169 of a rod 170 which has its lower end secured to the rpilot valve 147. The connection between the head 169 of the rod 170 and the sleeve 165 permits the sleeve to rotate without rotating therod, but moves the rod with the sleeve as the latter moves 40 up and down on the sleeve 161 dueto the ae-V tion of the governor weights 168.

A link 171 is pivotally secured to the lower side of the table 159 Yand to one end of a pair o-horizontslly arranged levers 172. The levers 172 are pivotally connectedwith the piston valve/146 andere provided with slots 173 in whicha pivot pin 174 is adjusti ably arranged. A collar 175 -is secured to the stem 135 of the needle valve and ivot- 59 ally connected with one end of a lin r 176, the other end of this link 'engaging the pivot pi1r174, A bevel gear 177. meshes with the ear 163 and is arralngeclV on a suitable s aft which may be driven by means of a pulley 178, in the' usual manner, Athis pulley' being driven by a belt 179 from the shaft of the water wheel." T-he hub of the hand wheel 141 may be provided with a'circumferen- 60 tial groove 180 which is adapted to register 'with a suitable slot"181 in the sleeve 143f` when the hand wheel spat its innermostf position. A plate 182 having an' opening' 183 in one side thereof adapted to fit the groove 180 of the hand wheel 141ray be vdescend as the speed'of will move outwardly and ylbvver t the pilot valve,

inserted in the slot 181 and thereby lock the hand Vwheelagainst movement longitu linally of the stem 135 of the needle valve. The plate 182 is shown in dotted lines in this position` in Fig 4. For the purpose of draining the valve casing whenever deslreda valve 184 may be provided.

. In order to force the piston valve 146 downwardly and hold the the valve and the stem 135 of the needle y valvey under tension and thus avoid lost mo-V tion'a'spring 185 may be arranged to bear against the under side of the table 159 and on a suitable place 186 which rests on the to of the piston valve.

he operation of this mechanism is us follows: l

Assuming that the needle valve 134 is closed andfthat the parts are therefore at rest the valve 134 will be held in closed position by the pressure of the water thereon. `When it is desired to start the wheel the hand wheel 141.can be turned to draw the valve 134 away from its seat and thus permit water to flow through the nozzle 132. This will start the wheel and as the latter increases in speed the centrifugal weights 168 will move outward and draw the sleeve 165 and the rod 170 downwardly. As the valveI 134 is'opencd the valve l-tl'will be raised by means of the link 176 and the levers 172 and, since the pilot valve 174 is' the pilot valve will the watewheel increuses. If the opening of the needle valve is just suflicient to maintain the normal speed of the'water wheel the parts will remains substantially in the position shown in Fig. 1. If the speed of the wheel increases fox-any reason the Vcentriuufal vfei `hts 168 he pilot valve and uncover the ports of the piston secured to the rod 170,

valve 146 so that water will flow from the passage 150 through the passage v1 51 and thence into the cyhnder137 wheregthe pressure acting on the piston 139 will inove the needle valve 134 'toward the closedi osition and thereby diminish the flow o water through the nozzle. This willl eil'ect a. reduction in the speed of the wheel to the normal. As the needle valve moves toward the closed position the link 176 and levers 172 will draw the valve 146 downwardly until the pilot valve again covers the ports and prevents waterv from fiowing from the passage 150 into the passage 151. It will be observed that wheneverwater isallowed to flow from the inlet passage 150 to one -end of the cylinder 137, owing to a movement of the water in the other end of the cylinder will be permitted to discharge connections between throi. ,suitable ports in the valve 146 and 55 movement of link 176 and. the levers the valve 134 is moved needle valve 134 in which 146 is made to follow the movements ofthe needle valve 134 and thereby cut oil' vthe sup-v ply of water to the cylinder l'las soon as sufficiently to esupply By `the action of the 1'2the piston valve and reise the 1 assage er 137 `Patent is:

the additional water necessary to restore the the Wheel.

In Fi 1, I have indicated iveppositions, a, b, c, and e of the pivot which connects the link 176 with the collar 175 corresponding with five equally spaced positions a', b. c', d' and e of the pivot vv174 which conV speed of nects the link 176 with the levers172. 'Thev a and a.' indicate a position of the it 1s but slightly open andthe positions e, e indicate the fully open osition of this valve.

positions of speed, and the piston valve 146 willtherein speed causes this orehave to be moved the same distance as the-pilot valve in order to restore the parts after the needle valve has been shifted In order to properlyy control the speed of the motor at various oeds it is essential to makeg larger variations in the discharge through the nozzle 132 for given 1n speed at` full load than at partil loads. From Fig. 1 it will be seen that themechw' nism which I have devised accomplishes this purpose.l lVhen the needle valve 134 is fully opened the pivot 174 will sta-nd at the position e and assuming that a. given chan ivot to be' shifted to t e position d' it wille seen 'tl'atthe corresponding movement of thernecdle valve is represented by the distance between the por siticns'd and e of the( ivot connecting the link 176 withY the col ar, 175. VAWhen 'the needle valve 134 stands slightly open with the pivot connecting the link 176 with the collar 175 at the position -b the .ing position of the pivot 174 will and the same chan -in speed as cause ivot 17 4 to be shi from the'position e' to d will cause this pivot to be shifted from the position b to a' the crrespondin the valve 134 being' indicate b the distance between the positions b and a. liis distance between the'positions t and is much smaller thantllat between thepositions e and d and therefore the variations in tliaquantityof water discharged through correspondbe at b" The pilot valve 147 will be moved up or down in the piston 'valve 146 equal distances for equal changes4 i the combination ofii `ment', and means for atingmeans comprising a sa'd controllingement,

. the element in another art 'ment, and means ating means-comprising device, a member sponsive the nozzle will be than for a full load.

much less for a small load Having described' the invention what is 4' claimed and desired to be secured by Letters y Y 1. Ixi' an apparatus ofthe class described,

the combination o v a controlling ement, fluid pressure' means trolling element, and valve means-for controlling said; fluid pressure means comBriselement and adapted to be mod by the umform movementsv of the latter, dierent dis'- tanees dependent upon the position of the controlling elemen 1 2. In an apparatus of the class' described,

4the combination of a. controlling'y element,

iluid pressure means for operating said controlling element, and valve trolling said fluid ing a valve, and means 'connectingh lid v with said contrdlling element-w ereby valve is moved a greater distance by ag'ivexrV movement of the ooiitrollingelement when` the hitter-is at one'part of'iits l stroke than it is b 'a correspon ing'movement ofthe confor operating said con-- ing a i'f'alve` connectedfwithsaid contro ing.`

pressureymean's compris-l the y trol ing element 'in another'. part or its l In an apparatus'ofLthe class described, tlieiicombination means for operating said controlling elefor controllin said opera sp responsive actuated by said speedre-- sponsive device, a second member coperating with said first member, and means connecting said second member and saiidfcon-l second mein# trollingl element whereb the bei' isinoved a greater ceby a given movement of the controlling element when the latter is at one part of'its stroke than it is bythe' correspo ing movement of the element in another part of its stroke."

4. 'In an apparatus-soft e class described,

' trolling'element,

saidcontrolling elemeans for operating"l y controlli said operspec responsive a member actuatedby sadlspeed re' dvci' second ating with said first member, and adustable means connectin Isaid second-filleul r and device,

'wiimAM A; nostri. j

of a controlling' element,

member coperl whereby the second ,Y

distance by af.

movement .ci

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