US9391445B2 - Surge protection circuit, switching power supply, and surge protection method - Google Patents

Surge protection circuit, switching power supply, and surge protection method Download PDF

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US9391445B2
US9391445B2 US14/331,622 US201414331622A US9391445B2 US 9391445 B2 US9391445 B2 US 9391445B2 US 201414331622 A US201414331622 A US 201414331622A US 9391445 B2 US9391445 B2 US 9391445B2
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Prior art keywords
transformer
surge protection
ground wire
wire end
voltage side
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US20140334043A1 (en
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Liangang Sun
Wei Di
Mei Zou
Yiyong Pu
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Huawei Device Co Ltd
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Huawei Device Co Ltd
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Assigned to HUAWEI DEVICE CO., LTD. reassignment HUAWEI DEVICE CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HUAWEI DEVICE (SHENZHEN) CO., LTD.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/343—Preventing or reducing surge voltages; oscillations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G13/00—Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure
    • H02G13/80—Discharge by conduction or dissipation, e.g. rods, arresters, spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a surge protection circuit, a switching power supply, and a surge protection method.
  • a surge voltage When an electronic circuit is struck by lightning, and when it is connected to or disconnected from an inductive load or a large load, generally, a very high transient overvoltage is generated, and such a transient overvoltage is called a surge voltage, which is interference to the electronic circuit.
  • a surge protection circuit In an existing surge protection design in the power supply industry, after the mains is connected, a surge protection circuit is designed at a high voltage side of a transformer so as to prevent a surge voltage from damaging a power supply.
  • a power supply includes a transformer, where a high voltage side of the transformer is an input end of the power supply, and a low voltage side of the transformer is an output end of the power supply.
  • a common power supply withstands a surge voltage by using a surge protection circuit at the high voltage side of the transformer, while the low voltage side is not protected by a surge protection circuit.
  • the terminal device discharges the surge voltage to a ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer through a protection component of the terminal device, so as to suppress the surge voltage on the terminal device by using an isolation component such as the transformer of the power supply.
  • an isolation component such as the transformer of the power supply.
  • the isolation component of the power supply cannot withstand the surge voltage of such high energy and is broken down. As a result, the power supply is damaged.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a surge protection circuit, a switching power supply, and a surge protection method, which can prevent a power supply from being damaged by a high energy surge voltage discharged from a terminal device side to an output end of the power supply.
  • a surge protection circuit is applied to a switching power supply, where an output end of the power supply is connected to a terminal device, and the power supply includes a transformer, where a ground wire end at a high voltage side of the transformer is grounded, and a ground wire end at a low voltage side of the transformer is not grounded; the circuit includes a surge protection tube, where one end of the surge protection tube is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, and the other end of the surge protection tube is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer, where the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer is electrically connected to a ground wire end of the terminal device; and the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, the surge protection tube, and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer form a loop, so that when a surge voltage on the terminal device is greater than a discharge voltage of the surge protection tube, the surge protection tube is conducted, and the surge protection tube discharges the surge voltage on the terminal device to the ground wire end at the
  • a switching power supply includes the surge protection circuit.
  • a surge protection method is applied to the switching power supply, where the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer receives the surge voltage discharged by the terminal device; and when the surge voltage discharged by the terminal device to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer is greater than the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube, the surge protection tube is conducted and discharges the surge voltage to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer through the loop formed by the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, the surge protection tube, and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a surge protection circuit, a switching power supply, and a surge protection method, where the surge protection circuit includes a surge protection tube, the surge protection circuit is applied to the switching power supply, and an output end of the power supply is connected to a terminal device.
  • the power supply includes a transformer, where a ground wire end at a high voltage side of the transformer is grounded, and a ground wire end at a low voltage side of the transformer is not grounded.
  • the circuit includes a surge protection tube, where one end of the surge protection tube is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, and the other end of the surge protection tube is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the ground wire end at the low voltage side is electrically connected to a ground wire end of the terminal device.
  • the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, the surge protection tube, and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer form a loop. In this way, when there is a surge voltage on the terminal device, an isolation and protection component of the terminal device discharges the surge voltage to a ground wire of the output end of the power supply, that is, the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the surge protection tube When the surge voltage is smaller than a discharge voltage of the surge protection tube, the surge protection tube is disconnected, and the surge voltage is discharged to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer through an isolation component of the power supply such as the transformer, or a Y capacitor bridged between the high voltage side and the low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the surge protection tube When the surge voltage is greater than the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube, the surge protection tube is conducted and discharges, through a loop formed by the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, the surge protection tube, and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer, the surge voltage on the terminal device to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, that is, discharges the surge voltage on the terminal device to the ground, thereby preventing the surge voltage from damaging the switching power supply.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a surge protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a surge protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a surge protection circuit 21 .
  • the circuit may be applied to a switching power supply, and the switching power supply is a power supply that controls a ratio of turn-on time to turn-off time of a switching tube by using a modern power electronics technology so as to maintain a stable output voltage.
  • An output end of the switching power supply 20 is connected to a terminal device 30 , where the switching power supply 20 includes a transformer 12 .
  • a solid triangle symbol represents that a ground wire end at a high voltage side of the transformer 12 is grounded, and a ground wire end at a low voltage side of the transformer 12 is not grounded.
  • the surge protection circuit 21 includes a surge protection tube 11 , where one end of the surge protection tube 11 is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer 12 , the other end of the surge protection tube 11 is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 , and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 is electrically connected to a ground wire end of the terminal device 30 ; and the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer 12 , the surge protection tube 11 , and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 form a loop, that is, the surge protection circuit 21 .
  • the surge voltage on the terminal device 30 is discharged to a ground wire of an output end of the switching power supply 20 , that is, the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 , through a protection component of the terminal device 30 , such as a transient voltage suppressor (TVS) tube.
  • TVS transient voltage suppressor
  • the surge protection tube 11 may specifically be a gas discharge tube.
  • the surge protection tube 11 When the terminal device 30 is operating normally, or when a surge voltage discharged by a terminal device side to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 is smaller than a discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 , the surge protection tube 11 is in a disconnected state. In this way, the surge voltage that is smaller than the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be discharged to the ground through an isolation component of the power supply 20 , where the isolation component of the switching power supply 20 may be the transformer 12 or a Y capacitor.
  • the surge protection tube 11 When the surge voltage discharged from the terminal device 30 to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 is greater than the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 , the surge protection tube 11 is conducted, and through the loop formed by the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer 12 , the surge protection tube 11 , and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 , the surge protection tube 11 discharges the surge voltage in the loop to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer 12 , that is, discharges the surge voltage to the ground because the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer 12 is grounded, thereby preventing the power supply from being damaged when there is a high energy surge voltage on the terminal device 30 .
  • the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may specifically be greater than 3000 volts (V), or the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be determined according to an isolation voltage of the isolation component of the switching power supply, such as an isolation voltage of the transformer, the Y capacitor, or a photo coupler.
  • the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be 4000 V.
  • an isolation component between a high voltage side and a low voltage side of a transformer of a switching power supply can suppress a surge voltage of smaller than 3000 V, and therefore, in order to effectively prevent the surge voltage at the side of the terminal device 30 from damaging the switching power supply 20 , the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be greater than 3000 V.
  • an isolation component to be disposed between a high voltage side and a low voltage side of the transformer 12 is designed with a margin in isolation voltage, that is, the isolation voltage may be greater than 3000 V. Therefore, preferably, the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be 4000 V. In this way, in a case that the isolation component can still suppress the surge voltage, it is prevented that the surge protection tube 11 discharges the surge voltage to the ground after the surge protection tube 11 is conducted.
  • the circuit may further include a first isolation component, where in the loop formed by the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer 12 , the surge protection tube 11 , and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 , the first isolation component is connected in parallel with the surge protection tube 11 .
  • the first isolation component may specifically be a Y capacitor.
  • the first isolation component may be configured to eliminate interference between the ground wire end at the high voltage side and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 .
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a switching power supply 20 , where the switching power supply 20 includes the surge protection circuit 21 and the transformer 12 provided by the foregoing embodiment.
  • the switching power supply 20 may further include a first surge protection circuit, which is one or more of a surge protection circuit configured to prevent a surge voltage being generated when the switching power supply 20 is connected to the mains, a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage stabilizing circuit.
  • a first surge protection circuit which is one or more of a surge protection circuit configured to prevent a surge voltage being generated when the switching power supply 20 is connected to the mains, a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a voltage stabilizing circuit.
  • the first surge protection circuit is configured to prevent a surge voltage at the position where the mains is connected from damaging the switching power supply 20 .
  • the first surge protection circuit may use a surge protection tube or another isolation component, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a surge protection method applied to the switching power supply 20 (referring to FIG. 2 ), as shown in FIG. 3 , including:
  • the terminal device 30 has a corresponding protection component, such as a TVS tube, and the terminal device 30 may discharge, through the protection component, the surge voltage to a ground wire end of an output end of the switching power supply 20 , that is, the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer 12 .
  • a protection component such as a TVS tube
  • the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may specifically be greater than 3000 V, or the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be determined according to the isolation voltage of the isolation component of the switching power supply 20 , such as an isolation voltage of the transformer, the Y capacitor, or a photo coupler.
  • the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be 4000 V.
  • an isolation component between a high voltage side and a low voltage side of a transformer of a switching power supply can suppress a surge voltage of smaller than 3000 V, and therefore, in order to prevent the surge voltage at the side of the terminal device 30 from damaging the power supply, the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube 11 may be greater than 3000 V.
  • an isolation component between a high voltage side and a low voltage side of the transformer 12 is designed with a margin in isolation voltage, that is, the isolation voltage may be greater than 3000 V. Therefore, preferably, the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube may be 4000 V. In this way, in a case that the isolation component can still suppress the surge voltage, it is prevented that the surge protection tube discharges the surge voltage to the ground after the surge protection tube is conducted.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a surge protection circuit, a switching power supply, and a surge protection method, where the surge protection circuit includes a surge protection tube, the surge protection circuit is applied to the switching power supply, and an output end of the power supply is connected to a terminal device.
  • the power supply includes a transformer, where a ground wire end at a high voltage side of the transformer is grounded, and a ground wire end at a low voltage side of the transformer is not grounded.
  • the circuit includes a surge protection tube, where one end of the surge protection tube is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, and the other end of the surge protection tube is electrically connected to the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the ground wire end at the low voltage side is electrically connected to a ground wire end of the terminal device.
  • the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, the surge protection tube, and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer form a loop. In this way, when there is a surge voltage on the terminal device, an isolation and protection component in the terminal device discharges the surge voltage to a ground wire of an output end of the power supply, that is, the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the surge protection tube When the surge voltage is smaller than a discharge voltage of the surge protection tube, the surge protection tube is disconnected, and the surge voltage is discharged to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer through an isolation component of the power supply such as a transformer, or a Y capacitor bridged between a high voltage side and a low voltage side of the transformer.
  • an isolation component of the power supply such as a transformer, or a Y capacitor bridged between a high voltage side and a low voltage side of the transformer.
  • the surge protection tube When the surge voltage is greater than the discharge voltage of the surge protection tube, the surge protection tube is conducted and discharges, through a loop formed by the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, the surge protection tube, and the ground wire end at the low voltage side of the transformer, the surge voltage on the terminal device to the ground wire end at the high voltage side of the transformer, that is, discharges the surge voltage on the terminal device to the ground, thereby preventing the surge voltage from damaging the switching power supply.
  • the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program runs, the steps of the method embodiments are performed.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: any medium that can store program code, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random-access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, an optical disc, or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
US14/331,622 2012-04-01 2014-07-15 Surge protection circuit, switching power supply, and surge protection method Active 2033-11-10 US9391445B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210096080.6A CN103368164B (zh) 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 一种防雷电路、开关电源和防雷方法
CN201210096080.6 2012-04-01
CN201210096080 2012-04-01
PCT/CN2013/073586 WO2013149575A1 (zh) 2012-04-01 2013-04-01 一种防雷电路、开关电源和防雷方法

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PCT/CN2013/073586 Continuation WO2013149575A1 (zh) 2012-04-01 2013-04-01 一种防雷电路、开关电源和防雷方法

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US9391445B2 true US9391445B2 (en) 2016-07-12

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EP (1) EP2787589B1 (zh)
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US20150326006A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2015-11-12 Zte Corporation Protection circuit of communication interface
US9496705B2 (en) * 2012-06-28 2016-11-15 Zte Corporation Protection circuit of communication interface

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EP2787589A4 (en) 2015-01-14
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CN103368164B (zh) 2016-08-17
EP2787589A1 (en) 2014-10-08
WO2013149575A1 (zh) 2013-10-10

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