US9383495B2 - Lateral light emitting device - Google Patents

Lateral light emitting device Download PDF

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US9383495B2
US9383495B2 US14/771,723 US201314771723A US9383495B2 US 9383495 B2 US9383495 B2 US 9383495B2 US 201314771723 A US201314771723 A US 201314771723A US 9383495 B2 US9383495 B2 US 9383495B2
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prism
fused
rod lens
light emitting
emitting device
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US20160018581A1 (en
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Naofumi Maruyama
Toshiaki Fukuda
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Toyo Seikan Group Holdings Ltd
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Toyo Seikan Group Holdings Ltd
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Assigned to TOYO SEIKAN GROUP HOLDINGS, LTD. reassignment TOYO SEIKAN GROUP HOLDINGS, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FUKUDA, TOSHIAKI, MARUYAMA, NAOFUMI
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/0008—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted at the end of the fibre
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/0615—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for radial illumination
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
    • A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
    • A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/34—Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lateral light emitting device that emits light propagating in an optical fiber to a lateral direction forming an angle with respect to the optical axis of the optical fiber and, more particularly, to a lateral light emitting device suitably used as a light probe of OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography).
  • OCT Optical Coherence Tomography
  • the OCT is a light coherence tomographic imaging method for inserting a light probe into an organ such as a blood vessel or an intestine of a patient, emitting low coherence light from the distal end of the light probe, and obtaining a precise tomographic image of the inside of a subject using light reflected in places inside the subject and returning to the light probe.
  • a basic technique of the OCT is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. H6-35946 (Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 2 A specific configuration of the light probe is disclosed in WO2011/074051
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent No. 4659137
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show a conventional lateral light emitting device 11 (light probe) described in Patent Document 2.
  • a rod lens 3 is fused to one end of an optical fiber 2 and a prism 41 having a square cross section is fused to the distal end surface of the rod lens 3 .
  • the prism 41 is inscribed in the rod lens 3 .
  • reference sign 2 a denotes coating of the optical fiber.
  • the lateral light emitting device of Patent Document 2 has a characteristic that, since the prism 41 is inscribed in the rod lens 3 , the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device is extremely thin and the lateral light emitting device can be inserted into an extremely thin blood vessel or the like and used.
  • the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device is considered desirably 250 ⁇ m or less. However, when a rod lens having a diameter of 200 microns is used, the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device is preferably 200 ⁇ m.
  • the distance from an emission surface to a beam waist (a focal length) is required to be set long to a certain degree.
  • a focal length it is advantageous to set a beam diameter in a fused portion of the rod lens 3 and the prism 41 large.
  • the rod lens 3 is fused to one end of the optical fiber 2 , a prism 42 having a square cross section is fused to the distal end surface of the rod lens 3 , and the prism 42 is circumscribed with the rod lens 3 ( FIG. 11 )
  • the largest diameter of the prism 42 i.e., the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device
  • the largest diameter D of the prism 42 is 282 ⁇ m, which exceeds 250 ⁇ m and undesirable.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 are a lateral light emitting device 13 in which a prism lens 43 is fused to one end of the optical fiber 2 .
  • the distal end surface of a GRIN lens (Graded Index lens) having a circular cross section is set as an inclined surface 43 a inclined with respect to an axial line and a rear end surface is set as a connection surface connected to the optical fiber.
  • the outside diameter can be set extremely small and coupling efficiency is satisfactory.
  • the lateral light emitting device 13 since an emission surface of a beam is a curved surface, when media around the emission surface are substances greatly different from a circumference portion such as the air and water, the shape of an emission beam is formed in an excessively crushed elliptical shape, i.e., the emission beams is a so-called line beam.
  • the lateral light emitting device 13 has a problem in that a beam waist distance is extremely short.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 show a conventional lateral light emitting device 14 described in Patent Document 3.
  • the lateral light emitting device 14 includes the optical fiber 2 , the rod lens 3 , one end of which is fused to the end surface of the optical fiber 2 , and a prism 44 fused to the other end of the rod lens 3 .
  • the prism 44 has a base shape obtained by cutting a part of the circumference of a cylinder and forming a flat emission surface 44 c parallel to an axial line.
  • the prism 44 has a distal end inclined surface 44 a formed by obliquely cutting the distal end part of the prism 44 .
  • the rod lens 3 and the prism 44 are fused such that a center O 1 of the rod lens 3 and a center O 2 of a circular arc of the prism 44 coincide with each other.
  • a beam shape is substantially circular.
  • the distance to the beam waist can be set long compared with the distance shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 .
  • the outside diameter of the rod lens 3 and the largest diameter of the prism 44 are equal.
  • the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device can be set extremely small.
  • the beam 5 protrudes to the outer side of the prism 44 in a fused portion of the rod lens 3 and the prism 44 , coupling efficiency is deteriorated, and the performance of the lateral light emitting device falls.
  • the outside diameter d of the rod lens has to be set considerably larger than the largest diameter D of the prism 44 .
  • the largest diameter D of the prism 44 is 282 ⁇ m, which exceeds 250 ⁇ m and undesirable.
  • the present invention is a lateral light emitting device comprising: an optical fiber, a rod lens, one end of which is fused to an end surface of the optical fiber; and a prism fused to the other end of the rod lens, the prism having a base shape obtained by cutting a part of a circumference of a cylinder and forming a flat emission surface parallel to an axial line, the prism having a distal end inclined surface obtained by obliquely cutting a distal end part of the prism, and light entered in the prism from the optical fiber being reflected on the distal end inclined surface and emitted from the emission surface, wherein
  • an outside diameter of a fused end surface of the rod lens is equal to or smaller than the smallest diameter of a fused end surface of the prism, the fused end surface of the rod lens does not protrude from the fused end surface of the prism, and a center of the fused end surface of the rod lens and a center of a circular arc of the fused end surface of the prism are offset.
  • the lateral light emitting device can be easily manufactured using a conventional well-known fiber fusion device.
  • the fused end surface of the rod lens does not protrude to the outer side from the fused end surface of the prism, it is unlikely that the beam protrudes to the outer side of the prism in the fused portion of the rod lens and the prism, coupling efficiency is deteriorated, and the performance of the lateral light emitting device falls.
  • the decrease in the largest diameter of the prism means a decrease in the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device.
  • the optical fiber is a single mode fiber in most cases.
  • the optical fiber may be a polarization maintaining fiber, a multi-mode fiber, and a handle fiber for image transmission.
  • the rod lens needs to be quartz-based glass in order to be fused.
  • a so-called GI type fiber, a core of which has a refractive index distribution, and a so-called GRIN lens, the entire cross section of which has a refractive index distribution, can be used.
  • a lens obtained by fusion-bonding two kinds (or three or more kinds) of GRIN lens having different numerical apertures described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-115097 can also be used.
  • the prism needs to be quartz-based glass in order to be fused.
  • the prism has a base shape (a so-called hog-backed shape) obtained by cutting a part of the circumference of a cylinder and forming a flat emission surface parallel to an axial line. Therefore, the prism can be easily manufactured by extending a polished base material (a base material obtained by polishing a part of the circumference of a cylindrical base material to be flat) having a sectional shape similar to the base shape (by forming the polished base material as a fiber). Further, the prism can be easily fused to the rod lens in a state of an elongated fiber.
  • An inclination angle ( ⁇ in FIG. 3 ) of the distal end inclined surface of the prism with respect to the emission surface is usually 45°. In that case, light is emitted in the lateral direction at an angle of 90° with respect to the axial line.
  • ⁇ inclination angle
  • Coating such as mirror coat (Au coat, etc) and half mirror coat (dielectric multilayer film coat, etc.) can be applied to the distal end inclined surface according to necessity.
  • a cylindrical lens base material made of quartz-based glass is manufactured.
  • the lens base material can be manufactured by a well-known method (e.g., Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-115097).
  • a part of the circumference of the lens base material is polished to form a polished base material having a flat polished surface parallel to the axial line.
  • the polishing can also be easily performed using a normal polishing device.
  • the polished lens base material is extended to form a fiber for a prism lens.
  • the extension of the polished lens base material can be performed using a device that extends the optical fiber and the GRIN lens.
  • the present invention is the lateral light emitting device, wherein the outside diameter of the fused end surface of the rod lens is equal to the smallest diameter of the fused end surface of the prism.
  • the smallest diameter of the prism is D-L in FIG. 4 .
  • D represents the largest diameter (the diameter of the cylinder before cutting) and L represents a cut amount.
  • the present invention is the lateral light emitting device, wherein the largest diameter of the prism is twice or less as large as an optical fiber diameter.
  • the outside diameters of the optical fiber and the rod lens are approximate to each other.
  • the axes of the rod lens and the optical fiber automatically coincide with each other according to a self-alignment effect due to surface tension in fusing. Therefore, a joining loss of the optical fiber and the rod lens is extremely small.
  • the outside diameter of the optical fiber is 125 ⁇ m, 124 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m are appropriate as the outside diameter of the rod lens. 250 ⁇ m or less is appropriate as the largest diameter of the prism.
  • the present invention is the lateral light emitting device, wherein a most distal end part of the prism is chamfered in a chamfering process.
  • the lateral light emitting device Since the most distal end part of the prism is chamfered, when the lateral light emitting device is directly inserted into a subject without being covered with a sheath, the subject is less easily scratched.
  • chamfering for example, there is a method of smoothing the most distal end part of the prism in a curved surface shape through an electric discharge process, a laser process, or the like.
  • the fused end surface of the rod lens does not protrude to the outer side from the fused end surface of the prism. Therefore, it is unlikely that the beam protrudes to the outer side of the prism in the fused portion of the rod lens and the prism, coupling efficiency is deteriorated, and the performance of the lateral light emitting device falls.
  • the center of the fused end surface of the rod lens and the circular arc center of the fused end surface of the prism are offset. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the largest diameter of the prism, that is, the outside diameter of the lateral light emitting device and make the most of the prism cross section as a path through which light can pass.
  • an adhesive is not used. Therefore, fluctuation in beam quality due to an adhesive layer does not occur.
  • the optical fiber and the rod lens are integrally joined by fusing and the rod lens and the prism are integrally joined by fusing. Therefore, it is unlikely that bonding of a joined portion peels and beam quality is deteriorated. It is also unlikely that the prism and the rod lens come off and remain in a subject. It is unnecessary to cover the prism and the rod lens with a sheath.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a lateral light emitting device 1 in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an A-A line sectional view in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a side view (the left side) and a front view (the right side) of a prism 4 .
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relation between a rod lens 3 and the prism 4 in a fused portion.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relation between the rod lens 3 and the prism 4 in the fused portion.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the sectional shape of the prism 4 .
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a relation among a cut amount L, an emission surface width W, and the smallest diameter D-L.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional lateral light emitting device 11 .
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relation between the rod lens 3 and a prism 41 in a fused portion of the lateral light emitting device 11 .
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of a conventional lateral light emitting device 12 .
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relation between the rod lens 3 and a prism 42 in a fused portion of the lateral light emitting device 12 .
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of a conventional lateral light emitting device 13 .
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a prism lens 43 .
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of an emission beam of the lateral light emitting device 13 .
  • FIG. 15 is a side view of a conventional lateral light emitting device 14 .
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relation between the rod lens 3 and a prism 44 in a fused portion of the lateral light emitting device 14 .
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relation between the rod lens 3 and the prism 44 in a conventional lateral light emitting device (a comparative example).
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 relates to a lateral light emitting device 1 in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view
  • FIG. 2 is an A-A line sectional view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a side view (the left side) and a front view (the right side) of a prism 4 .
  • the lateral light emitting device 1 includes an optical fiber 2 , a rod lens 3 , and a prism 4 .
  • the optical fiber 2 is a single mode optical fiber having an outside diameter of 125 ⁇ m. Coating 2 a at the distal end part is removed. The rod lens 3 is fused to the distal end surface of the optical fiber 2 .
  • the axes of the optical fiber 2 and the rod lens 3 automatically coincide with each other according to self-alignment effect in fusing.
  • the prism 4 is quartz glass and has a base shape obtained by cutting, by 50 ⁇ m, a part of the circumference of a cylinder having a diameter of 250 ⁇ m, leaving the cylinder to have the smallest diameter of 200 ⁇ m, and forming a flat emission surface 4 c (the width of an emission surface is 200 ⁇ m) parallel to an axial line. ( FIG. 4 )
  • the prism 4 is obtained by polishing a part of the circumference of a base material of a cylindrical quartz glass having a diameter of approximately 5 to 7 mm to be a sectional shape shown on the right side of FIG. 3 to form a polished base material, cutting a fiber for a prism obtained by extending the polished base material at temperature of approximately 1900° C., obliquely polishing the fiber at an inclination angle ⁇ to form a distal end inclined surface 4 a , thereafter applying chamfering to the most distal end part 4 b through discharge machining, and further applying Au coat to the distal end inclined surface 4 a.
  • a polished surface of the polished base material is a plane parallel to the axis of the base material.
  • Temperature in extending the optical fiber is usually 2000° C. However, when the fiber for the prism is extended, it is desirable to perform the extension at a lower temperature, which is approximately 1900° C. If the extension temperature is high, it is likely that an emission surface 4 c of the extended fiber for the prism is rounded. When the extension temperature is set to approximately 1900° C., a curvature of the emission surface 4 c is extremely small. The emission surface 4 c is substantially a plane and no practical problem occurs.
  • the beam waist distance was 4665 ⁇ m and the beam waist diameter was 83.2 ⁇ m, which were satisfactory results.
  • a positional relation between the rod lens 3 and the prism 4 in a fused portion of the lateral light emitting device 1 is as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • An outside diameter d of the rod lens 3 is 200 ⁇ m.
  • the largest diameter D of the prism 4 is 250 ⁇ m.
  • the prism 4 is cut with a cut amount L of 50 ⁇ m to set the smallest diameter D-L to 200 ⁇ m.
  • Width W of the emission surface 4 c is 200 ⁇ m
  • the outside diameter d of a fused end surface of the rod lens 3 is equal to the smallest diameter D-L of a fused end surface of the prism 4 .
  • a center O 1 of the rod lens 3 and a circular arc center (the center of a circle before cutting) O 2 of the prism 4 are offset by 25 ⁇ m.
  • the rod lens 3 is inscribed in the prism 4 .
  • FIG. 17 is a comparative example in which the center O 1 of the rod lens 3 and the circular arc center O 2 of the prism 4 overlap without being offset.
  • the diameter d of the rod lens 3 is 200 ⁇ m and the width W of the emission surface 44 c is 200 ⁇ m, both of which are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the center O 1 of the rod lens 3 and the circular arc center (the center of the circle before cutting) O 2 of the prism 4 are offset by 25 ⁇ m.
  • the rod lens 3 does not project from the prism 4 and fits on the inner side.
  • the beam diameter was 129 ⁇ m when the numerical aperture NA of a rod lens was 1.53.
  • the beam diameter was 122 ⁇ m
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a sectional shape of the prism 4 .
  • a base shape of the prism 4 is a circular shape having a diameter D.
  • a part of the circumference of the prism 4 is cut in a bow shape having thickness L to form the flat emission surface 4 c having width W.
  • the emission surface width W is 200 ⁇ m
  • the smallest diameter D-L is 200 ⁇ m
  • the lateral light emitting device of the present invention is used as a light probe of the OCT.
  • the lateral light emitting device can be used as an optical fiber module for optical communication such as joining of a laser diode and a single mode fiber, a light probe for a distance/displacement sensor, a light probe for an endoscope, and the like.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
US14/771,723 2013-03-27 2013-03-27 Lateral light emitting device Active US9383495B2 (en)

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PCT/JP2013/059100 WO2014155584A1 (fr) 2013-03-27 2013-03-27 Dispositif à émission latérale

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EP (1) EP2963467B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5387934B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101607687B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105051583B (fr)
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US20180256032A1 (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-09-13 Go!Foton Holdings, Inc. Optical probe and assembly thereof

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DE102014202612B4 (de) * 2014-02-13 2017-08-17 Olympus Winter & Ibe Gmbh Prismenhalteranordnung und Endoskop mit variabler Blickrichtung
CN108852285B (zh) * 2018-04-16 2020-10-23 清华大学深圳研究生院 一种基于频域oct的微血管造影方法
JPWO2021153109A1 (fr) * 2020-01-31 2021-08-05

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CN105051583A (zh) 2015-11-11
EP2963467B1 (fr) 2017-02-22
KR101607687B1 (ko) 2016-03-30
US20160018581A1 (en) 2016-01-21
WO2014155584A1 (fr) 2014-10-02
KR20150119025A (ko) 2015-10-23
CN105051583B (zh) 2016-10-26
EP2963467A4 (fr) 2016-03-23
JP5387934B1 (ja) 2014-01-15
JPWO2014155584A1 (ja) 2017-02-16
EP2963467A1 (fr) 2016-01-06

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