US933541A - Vertical water-tube boiler. - Google Patents

Description

E. G. FISHER.

VERTICAL WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY'Z'T, 1908.

Patented Sept. 7,1909.

\NgeNESSEs'.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFion.

ELBERT OURTISS FISHER, OF SAGINAW, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE WICKES BOILER 00., OF SAGINAW, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

VERTICAL WATER-TUBE BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. '7, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELBERT CURTIss FISHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vertical Water-Tube Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,.clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to vertical water tube boilers comprising a mud drum, a water and steam drum located above the mud drum, and vertical water tubes connecting the drums.

The main objects attained by my invention are: First, the setting up of an ascending and descending circulation of water. Second, the novel separation of the steam and water in the steam drum, and third, the transfer of the water elevated by the ascending current from the ascending to the descending side of the drum without loss by friction,.thereby maintaining a water level constant on both sides of the drum. Fourth, the provision of a partition within the steam drum which operates as a separator for the steam and water and also acts as a strong and powerful brace for the drum.

In my invention, the entire boiler is divided into what I may term ascending and descending sides, both as regards the gas and water and steam. This is attained by the provision of a division wall extending vertically upward from the mud drum and separating the tubes into two sets. These sets I shall designate as the riser tubes and the descending tubes respectively. This divisional wall conducts the gases upward directly from the furnace, the gases. impinging against the bottom of the steam drum and being led downward on the opposite side of the divisional wall to the stack. In their passage upward, the gases are hottest and envelop the riser tubes which absorb nearly one-half of the heat from the gas. Obviously, this materially lowers the temperature of the products of combustion passing downward on the opposite side of the di- 'visional wall and enveloping the descending tubes, so that a less degree of heat is imparted to the latter. The divisional wall divides the boiler into ascending and descending sides so far as the gas is concerned. Cooperating with the division wall is a 'bafiie extending approximately vertically upward within the steam drum and in substantial alinement with the division wall. This baffle converts thesingle drum into a double steam drum and separates the riser tubes discharging ebullient water into the drum from the descending tubes which lead the water from the steam drum. It further separates the water from the steam liberated by the water on the ascending side of the drum, (with which side the riser tubes communicate) from the dry steam in the steam storage chamber (with which chamber the descending tubes communicate). The baflie prevents the ebullient water from disturbing the entire area of water in the steam drum by confining such ebullition to the ascending side of the drum.

Another object of my invention is to produce a baffle plate which shall prevent the discharge of water or flying spray into the steam leaving the boiler nozzle.

To these and other ends, therefore, my invention consists of certain novel features and combinations such as will be more fully described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a steam drum equipped with my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view taken at right angles to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross sectional view on line w00 of Fig. 1.

At the tube liberating point of steam and water in the steam drum of any water tube boiler, a powerful ebullition is set up. This tends to raise the level of the water over the riser tubes high above the level of the water over the descending tubes and also disturbs the entire body of water in the steam drum where the liberating tubes discharge. Such ebullition also interferes with the circulation of the water in the boiler and induces priming in the steam drum. To avoid these disadvantages, baffle plates of different forms have been provided. Also others have attempted to overcome these disadvantages by providing separate drums with which the riser tubes and the descending tubes respectively communicate, such drums being connected by cross tubes. This oonstructionis faulty because the cross tubes throttle the deliveryof Water from onedr'um l to the other, and fail to equalize the water level in the two drums. u p I In my invention, I provide a baftle consisting of a' partition t arranged vertically in and extending diametrically across the steam drum A from top to bottom. This partition lies between the riser tubes 1, and a the descending tubes 3,.and serves to confine the ebullition from the riser tubes to the inlet side of the drum.

I spe'ctiv'ely of the drum. The partition may be secured to the tube sheet and dished head 7 in any suitable manner as by riveting. The

partition separates the steam drum into two chambers or compartments which I will call u the liberating chamber and the steam storagechainber commu'nica-ting with each other through a series of apertnres 5 in the partition near its lower end, the combined area of which series of apertu'res'is equal to or greater than the area of the riser tubes 1 or the descending tubes This affords a perfoot freedom of circulation of water from the ascending to the descending side of the steam drum and prevents strangulation. The upper end of the partition is apertured as at 6 her the escape of steam froi'nthe liberating chamber into, the steam storage chamber. The steam discharge pipe 2 is preferably located above the descending tubes 3. The partition operates to separate the steam mingled with the water that is projected up through the riser tubes in the liberating chamber and before it passes to the storage chamber or to the discharge pipe. The height in drum A from the Water level to the apertures 6 in the partition, as above described, further acts as a separator to remove the spray from the steam because the steam, when liberated on the ascending side rises vertically to the upper end of the libcrating chamber; then changing its direction, passes horizontally through the apertures 6' in the partition into the steam storage chamber, and the spray, it any, is precipitated loy the diaphragms around apertures 6 into the liberating chamber. To enter the outlet pipe 2, the steam changes its course from horizontal to vertical again.

It will he understood the steam near 77 the surface of the water carries with it a considerable portion of water on the ascendl have distubes into twosets.

water will be separated from thesteam in the liberating chamber by gravity and 'betore the steam passes through apertures 6 to f the steam storage chamber. This results in increasing its velocity so that only the light 7 steam passes through the apertures 6, the

heavier water and spray beingprecipitated into the liberating chamber, ThujsjI pro vide a high steam chamber in which the steam liberated bythe water from the riser 7 tubes ascends, suchsteam carrying with it entrained water in the form :of spray. By reason "of the comparatively great height to which the steam must ascend before attainlevel is equalizedin botlrcha'inbers of the drum, which 'equalizationV is never obtained 9 in the two-drum construction, owing to the throttled area of delivery from the front drum-to the middle drum; I Y

Many boilers are very sensitive, the direction of the wind being suilieie'nt to reverse 9 the circulation in the tubes. In a boiler constructed in accordance with my invention, the circulation is fixed or constant; The water is caused to ascend throu h the riser tubes and descend through the "own-"comer 1 tubes, lay-reason of the wall 9, preferably or tile, which divides the vertica' 1y extending This division wall -operates to lead-the products of combustion when at their highest temperature upward around the riser tubes 1, tothe steam drum and thence downward around the tubes 3 thereby setting up a =difl erencein temperature. Because ot such higher temperature on the as cending side otthe boilenthe water in the 1 riser times is caused to "ascend into the fiber-- ating chamber, the water in the "steam storage "chamber being permitted to descend through the relatively cooler down -corner tubes on the opposite side of the division 1 wall '9. It is obvious that without the divi si-on wall, no "etlective predeterminedcirculm tion could be obtained as the-tubes and contents would all be of equal temperature. Furthermore the combination of the battle 1 with "the division wall separates the boiler int-o ascending and descending sides respectively,-ior the'gas -and the steamand water. Having thus hilly disclosed invention, what 1 claim as newis i 1. In comb nation with a vertical water tube boiler having a steam drum, a vertical partitionsep arati-Irg'the drum into-(two chamb'e-rs, riser tubes communicating with one chamber and down-comer tubes communicat l ing with the other chamber, said partition being provided with a series of apertures near its lower edge for equalizing the level of the Water in the two chambers, the partition also provided with a second series of apertures near its upper edge, said second series being separated from the lower series of apertures by an unperforated portion of the partition, whereby said partition operates as a baflie to cause the precipitation of mechanically suspended water.

2. The combination with a vertical water tube boiler having a steam drum, a plurality of tubes communicating with the drum, a wall interposed between and dividing the tubes into riser and down-comer tubes re spectively, and a partition in the drum arranged in alinement with the division wall, the partition separating the drum into two chambers, the riser tubes communicating with one chamber, the down-comer tubes communicating with the other chamber, the partition being provided with a series of apertures near its lower edge for equalizing the level of the water in the two chambers, the partition also provided with a second series of apertures near its upper edge, said second series being separated from the lower series of apertures by an unperforated portion of the partition, whereby said partition operates as a bafile to cause the precipitation of mechanically suspended water.

3. A steam drum for boilers having riser and down-comer tubes communicating therewith, a partition constituting a combined brace and baffle extending from top to bottom of the drum anddividing the drum into two chambers with which the riser and down-comer tubes respectively communicate, the partition being provided with a series of apertures near its lower edge for equalizing the level of water in the two chambers, the partition also provided with a second series of apertures near its upper edge, said second series being separated from the lower series of apertures by an unperforated portion of the partition, whereby said partition operates as a battle to cause the precipitation of mechanically suspended water, and means fastened to the top and bottom of the drum and to the upper and lower ends of the partition respectively, to maintain it in position as a brace for the drum;

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ELBERT GURTISS FISHER.

Witnesses:

LOUIS SMITH, FRANK H. PAYNE.

Images