US930958A - Electric glow-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

G. K. HARTUNG.

ELECTRIC GLOW LAMP. APPLIOATION IIILED MAY 27. 1904.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

G. K. HARTUNG.

BLEGTRIG GLOW LAMP. APPLICATION PILEDMAY 27,1904.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

6 SHEETS SHEET 2.

Jar/1 J0 G. K. HARTUNG.

ELECTRIC GLOW LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. 1904.

Patented Aug 10, 1909.

6SHEETS-SHEET 3.

3" z.- Gc'uwa K.

EYM h Q'll'forncl s G. K. HARTUNG. I ELEOTRIG GLOW LAMP.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 27. 1904.

930,958. Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

G. K. HARTUNG ELECTRIC GLOW LAMP. APPLICATION FILED MAYQY, 1904. 930,958. Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

6 SHEETSSHBET 5.

Fig.9. F|g.-I2.

ve/wtoz: Gustave Iii/faring 35x hi5 filfiowmus G. KFHARTUNG.

ELEGTRIG GLOW LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1904.

930,958 7 I Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

GUSTAVE K. HARTUNG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC GLOW-LAMP.

No. 93o,95s.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909.

Application filed May 27, 1904. Serial No. 210,042.

ment consists of a conductor of the second class, generally made of a mixture of the oxide of the rarer earths, it is commonly recognized that the life of the glower is'of very limited duration and that its life is very materially shortened by increases in the voltage of the current to which it is subjected. This is due torthe fact that with an increase in the voltage, the glower becomes more highly heated and consequently more conductive, and offers less'reslstance to the current. The rise in temperature of the glower beyond its critical oint, is what causes the destruction thereo Various means have been suggested for overcoming this difliculty, prominent among which -is the introduction into the circuit, in series with the glower,'of a resistance or ballast which is intendedto serve as .a compensating device for'protect-,

ing the glower from the destructive effects of the rise in temperature'caused by anincrease in the voltage'of the current to which the glower is subjected. This ballast is gen-' erally supposed to care for an increase of about 5% in the voltage; consequently if the increase is greater than 5%, or that which the ballast is able to care for, the excess passes through the glower with the destructive effect referred to. In addition to the inefficiency of this resistance or'b'allast, a waste of current. is caused by its use, which is'generally estimated at about 20%. Fur-.

- thermore with the old form of apparatus,

the variations in the voltage will cause variations in the candle-power of the lamp.

' The purpose of my invention is to overcome the objections enumerated, the main objects of the same being to increase the life of the glower by the provision of means for automatically maintalning it at a constant or uniform temperature, to avoid the waste of current which is consumed in the resistance or ballast now employed in series with the glower, and to maintain a constant candle power, notwithstanding variations in the rent.

voltage on the circuit, These results may be obtained by creating a current of air in the lamp around and in contact with the glower and automatically regulating the amount of this current, in accordance with variations in the voltage of the electric cur- This serves to regulate the tem erature of the glower by counteracting the eating effect of the electric current thereon. That is to say, when the voltage increases, the increase'in heat which would ordinarily occur, is absorbed or prevented by the air current, and the temperature and resistance of the'glower are mamtained constant. I

My invention may be carried out in various ways and I havejillustrated in the accompanying drawings certain forms of apparatus which are at the present time preferred by me. It will be obvious, however, that the invention may be carried into efiect by other forms and arrangements of instrumentalities than those shown.

In the drawings referred to: Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an electric glow lam illustrative of my inventionyFig. 2 is an elevation, partly in section, of portions of the -same; Fig. 2 is a detail view of a modification; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a block upon which the glower and heater are carried; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the same, showin the air tube or conduit which extends t erethrough, in section; Fig. 6 is a bottom lan view of Fig. 2, with the supporting bloc]? for the glower and heater removed; Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view, showing the circuit connections; Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modified construction Fig. 9- is an enlarged sectional viewof the motor employed in the construction: shown .in Fig. 8; Figs. 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14, v15 anil 16 i and Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional view of another modified construction.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts in the different views.

As heretoforelstated,'it is the ur'pose of my invention to maintain the g ower at a substantially uniform temperature and to maintain the candle power of the lamp con stant, while at the same time dispensing with the ballast or resistance in circuit with the glower while the lamp is in operation. This is' accomplished by providing means for causing a current of air, or other cooling medium, topass around and in contact with the glower, the volume of the air current being automatically varied in accordance with variations in the potential of the elec tric current. That is to say, if the potential of the current increases, which actioniwould,

under ordinary conditions, increase the heat and conductivity of the glower, the volume or amount of the air current passing over and in contact with the glower, is increased, with the result that the temperature of said glower is not allowed to rise. Likewise, when the potential of the current decreases, which action would'ordinarily cause a" decrease in in' sycomprises a base-p ece 1 oflporcelain or 0t er suitable insulating-'materia a disk 2. of

similar material, and 'a'meta'llic casing 3 con- I piece 1 andt suitable manner to the basee disk 2, the lowerend of said casing being flared and extended downwardly below the base-piece .1' to form the flanges 4. The said flanges with the screws 5 extending nected in anyl therethrough, serve as the means for securing. in place an outer globe 6, ofv ordmar con struction, and saidflanges are provide, with the openings 7 for theadmission of air, for a purpose to be described later. Secured to the upper end. of the casing-3 is a metallic bled, and sai cap or cover 8, provided with openings 9 for the escape of air, and extending through the 8, t e disk 2 and the base'piece 1,-is a tu e or conduit 10. The lower end of the tube or conduit 10 is open and the upper end thereof is provided with a series of erforations 11 for the escape of air from the interior. The said tube is secured to the baseiece lby means of a shoulder 12 and a colar 13, these two arts bein located on o o' g 3 PP site sides of-sai base-piece, and the said base-piece is provided with a central opening for the passage of said tube. The tube 10 is secured to the disk 2 in a similar manner,

that is, by means of the shoulder 14 and the collar 15. .The upper end of thetube 10 projects through a central opening in the cap 8,-when the arts of the device are assemthe upper end of the casing 3 by means of a nut or collar 16. From the foregoing descriptlon it will be seen that the base-piece 1-,

glower is cut off or dimincap is secured inplace upon the disk 2, the casing 3 and the tube 10 are all permanently connected together, and that the ca 8 may be readily removed or discon necte for the purpose of obtaining access to the interior of the casing. A hanger 17 b means of which the lamp may be supporte has been shown as screwed into the upper projecting end of the tube 10.

1 The bottom wall of the base-piece 1 is shown as 'rovidedwith a circular recess for the reception of a block 18 of insulating material, andthe upper surface of said block, is provided with a recess for the reception of thenut or collar 13 heretofore referred to.- The lower end of the tube 10 is provided with s rin hooks 19 for the purpose of holding t e b ock 18 in position. v The lower surface of the base-piece 1 within the recess referred to, is provided with a series of contact springs 20, 21 and 22, and the upper surface of the block 18 is provided with similar contact springs 23, 24 and 25, the said springs being so disposed that when the block 18 is properly connected up with the base-piece 1, electrical connection will be formed between the s rings 20 and 23, 21 and -24, and 22 and 25. oinsure the proper registration of these contact s rings one with the other, a pin 26 is secure to, and projects downwardly from, the base-piece 1, which is adapted to-ht within an opening 27 in theblock 18. To the block 18 is connected the glower 28, the same being su ported in position by the wires. 29 and 30, t e wire 29 serving, during the-operation of the lamp, as a conducting Wire, the same being connected to the contact spring 24 Lonv the block- 18. The wire 30 serves merely as a supporting wire, the same being embedded in, or otherwise secured to, the

block 18 at its" upper end. From the extreme upper end of the glower 28, leads a wire 31 to the contact spring 25. Leading from'the wire 29 at apomt adjacent to the connection of the latter with the glower 28, is a wire 32 which surrounds. said glower and constitutes aheater therefor; the upper end of the wire 32 is connected to thecontact sprmg 2,3. The inner globe 33 of the lamp is .connected to the base-piece 1 in any suitable manner, as by the spring clips 3.4, the same surrounding the glower and its heater. and rovided with an opening 35 at its lower end. t will be seen from the foregoing that the globe 33 ma be readily removed, when desired," and a so that the block 18 with the glower 28 and the heater 32, may be readily isconneeted from,- and reconnected to, the

base-piece 1 which forms part of the body of the lamp.

Secured to'-'-the.disk 2, heretofore referred to, are the binding posts36 and 37, the-same constituting the terminals of the lamp. From the binding post 36 leads aavire 38 to the contact .s ring 21 on the base-piece 1. Also'connecte with the binding post 36, is a wire 39 leading from the positive pole of the generator 40 or other suitable source of current supply. A wire 41 leads from the other pole of said generator to the binding post 37 Mounted u on the upper side of the basepiece 1 is a so enoid 42, whose core 43 is su ported upon a spring 44 attached to a yo re or bracket 45. Connected with the core 43 is a lever 46, the same being fulcrumed at 47 upon a suitable support and having a forked end, the branches 48 of which embrace the core 43 and are connected to said core through elongated slots'49 in said branches by pins or screws 50 rejecting outwardly from said core. The ever 46 is provided with a segmental rack 51 which meshes with a pinion 52 secured to the end of a shaft 53, extending through-the air tube or conduit 10 and having a damper 54 thereon. The said dam er-54 is located within the tube 10 and is a apted to control the area of the passage through said tube. When the parts of the device are in their normal positions, that is,

when there isno current flow through the lamp, the damper 54 is horizontally disposed and forms a complete obstruction to the pas-.

sage through the tube 10. WVhen, however, the lever 46 is rocked, the damper 54 is turned, through the action of the rack 51 on the pinion 52, to 0 en or partially open the passage through said tube. Secured to, and carried by, the lever 46 beyond the rack-51, is an arm 55 which bears a ainst an upwardly, spring-pressed switch over 56 movable between the. contacts 57 and 58.. The switch lever 56 is connected to a contact 59, which, in turn,- is connected through the wire 60 with the contact 61. The contacts 57 and 59 are mounted upon the lower flange of a supporting spool 62, of insulating material, and thecontacts 58 and 61 are mounted upon the upper flange of saids 001. The said spool is Itself secured to, an. supported from, an uprigl t or standard 63 rising from the baselece and'the upper end of said standard as connected to it a cross-piece 64. Extending between the spool 62 and the cross-piece 64 is resistance coil 65, the same being connected t its lower end. to the con-' tact 61 and at its u p'er end throughthe wires 66 and 67 with the binding poster terminal 37. Also extending between the spool 62 and the cross-piece 64, is' a wire 68 which is connected at its lower end with the contact 58 and its upper end,'through the wire 69 and the'wire 67, with the binding post or terminal 37 Lea-cling from the contact spring 20 on the base-piece 1, to the contact 57, is a wire 70; leading from the contact spring 22 on the base-piece 1, to the solenoid 42, is a wire/71, and leading from.

lows: When the curreht is first turned on to the lamp, the parts are in the positions shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 7 of the drawin s; that is, the core of the solenoid 42 is raise the damper 54 00011 ies aposition directly across the tube 10 an. the switch lever 56 is in contact with the contact piece 57. The flow of ourrentis then over the following path: generator 40, wire 39, binding post 36, wire 38, contact springs 21 and-24, wire 29, heater 32, i contact springs 23 and 20, wire 70, contact 57, switch lever 56, contact 59, wire 60,contact 61, resistance coil 65, wires 66 and 67, binding post 37 and wire 41 back to generator. The heater 32 is now in operation,and in a short period of time raises the glower 28 to such temperature as to render the same conductive. V7 hen this temperature is reached, there is a short period of time when the current between the wire 29 and the contact 59 will divide over the path last traced, which includesthe heater 32, and over the following path: glower 28, wire 31, contact springs 25 and 22, wire 71, solenoid 42 and Wire 72. As soon as the solenoid 42 is enerand 67, binding 0st 37 and wire 41 back to generator. As t e core 43 of the solenoid 42 is drawn down still further, however, which will be done almost instantaneously, the switch lever56 will be brought into engage ment with the contact 58 and then the resistance 65 will be shuntedout of .the circuit by providing a path of lower resistance, the current passing from the contact 59 through the 67, binding 0st 37 and wire 41 back to the generator. 11 this position the lamp is in full operation and the only resistance in the circuit besides the glower 28, is the solenoid 42. When the core 43 is moved downwardly, as just described, it performs in adheat'er 32 and shunting out the resistance 65, the-function of rotating the shaft 53, through the action of the rack 51 upon the pinion 52, and thereby turning the damper 54 so as to thus opened, there is a flow of airtlu'ough the .lamp around the glower 28, the same entering the globe 6 through the openings 7, thence passing through the opening 35 in the g'ized, however, by the flow of current there- Wire 71, solenoid 42, wire 72, contact 59, wire 60, contact 61, resistance 65, wires66 switch lever 56, contact 58, Wires 68, 69 and dition to the. function of cutting out the 0 en to a greater or less degree, the passage i t rough the tube 10. VVlten the tube 10 1s its lower end of the globe 33 around and in contact with the glower, and thence passing up through the tube or conduit 10 and out through the perforations 11 in said tube and the openings 9 in the lid 8. This air current is what I utilize for maintaining the temperature of the glower constant. The same is created by the heat generated by the lower, so that there is a constant current t rough the lamp. In the event that there is an in- 'That is to say, the first effect thereof is to more strongly energize the solenoid 42 and to draw the core 43 thereof further down. Whenthis is done, the damper 54 is more widely opened and a stronger currentor draft of air through the lamp, around and in contact with the glower 28, is produced. The temperature of the glower 28 is not raised therefore, and instead of becoming a better conductor, and thereby allowin an increased flow of current through it, the g ower has the tendency to become less conductive, by reason of the cooling effect of the air current thereon. The candle ower of the lamp is therefore constant unr er variations in the voltage on the circuit and the destructive effects upon the glower of the increases in volta e are therefore overcome. Moreover it will be seen that while the lamp is in operation, the resistance 65is shunted out and i there is none of the usual waste of current which is ordinarily consumed by the ballasting resistance which is now always employed in the circuit with the glower. I may say in this connection, however, that under some conditions it may be deemed advisable to employ the resistance 65, or a portion of it,

in the glower circuit, such as, for example, when the lamp is used upon a power circuit where there are'wide variations in the vol tage, and the solenoid 42 cannot act quickly enough to compensate therefor. When it is desired to use a portion of the resistance 65 in circuit with the glower, the wire 68 may be dispensed with, and in lieuthereof .a wire 73 employed, which is connected to the contact 58 and to the resistance 65, at a point intermediate the ends of the latter. This arrangement is clearly shown in Fig. 2

It is a well recognized fact, in this art, that the life of a glower is much longer when used uplon an alternating current circuit, than w en used upon a direct current circuit. I have therefore provided means for rapidly changing the polarity of the current supplied to the glower so that the same may be acted upon by an alternating current from a direct current source of supply. I have also provided means whereby the draft or current through the lamp around and in contact with the glower, may be augmented and made more positive. These features of construction are illustrated in Figs. 8 to 16 of the drawings. construction heretofore described, I employ at the upper end of the air tube or conduit 10, shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings, an alternating current motor 77 which may be of any suitable form and construction. As shown, the same comprises a casing 78 secured to the upper end of the tube 10 and communicating therewith, and also secured to the disk 2 similar to the disk 2 heretofore described. The shaft 79 of the armature 80, is mounted in suitable bearings at its upper and lower ends, the form of bearing preferred by me being a graphite hearing, or one which requires no lu rication. po'n the lower end of the armature shaft 79 is mounted a suction fan 81, preferably composed of a series of spiral blades, and the casing 78 is provided with o enings 82 for the esca e of air from the tu e 10. The 11 per on of the casing 78 communicates wit a central opening 83 in the disk 2 and said disk is also provided with o enings 84 for the passage of air therethroug Except so far as the motor 77 and the parts which cooperate therewith are con cerned, the construction shown in Fig. 8 is substantially the same as that shown in the preceding figures; certain differences in de tail will be noted, but no material differences are resent. The armature rotates as In addition to the features of usua within the fields 85 and the armature shaft carries at its upper end a cross-bar 86, constituting the movable part of a commutator or polarity changer. Upon the under side of sald cross-bar are secured the contact s rings 87, 88, which 006 erate with. the conucting rings 89, an 91 secured to the upper surface of a stationary insulating support 92. This support is located within the motor casing 78, as clearly shown. The conducting rings 90 and 91 are continuous or over, there will necessarily be a break in the connections without bridging the contact between said sections. The commutator or polarity changer described, consisting of the rings 89, 90 and 91 and the rotating cross bar 86, with the contact springs 87 and 88 42 cut in, as heretofore described.

thereon, is of a form which is preferred by me at the present time, but it is Obvious that any other suitable form of commutator may be employed. The purpose of the same is to transform a direct current from the generator 40, over'the wires 39 and 41, to the binding posts 36 and 37, respectively, into an alternatmg current to be supplied to the motor 77 and the glower 28. From the binding post 36 leads a wire 97 to the section 94 of the ring 89, and from the binding post 37 leads a wire 98 to the section 93 of the ring 89. One end of each of the springs 87,

88, moves in contactwith the ring 89, whereas the other end of the spring 87 moves in contact with the ring 90 and the other end of the spring 88 moves in contact with the ring 91. From the ring 90 leads a wire 99 to the wire 29, and from the ring 91 leads a-wire 100 to one of the commutator brushes of the motor armature 80. From the other brush of said commutator lead wires 101, 102, to and through the fields 85 of the motor and from said fields leads a wire 103 which is connected to the wire 67, heretofore referred to. The other circuit connections to and through the lamp, are exactly the same as those shown and described with reference to the form of my invention illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. 4

When the circuit is closed through the lamp shown in .Fi 8, the current flow will be over the following path from the generator 40: -'Wire 39, binding post 36, wire 97, section 94 of ring 89 and one or the other of the springs .87, 88,according to which one 1s;1n contact with said section 94,to the ring 90 or to the ring 91. If to thering 90, the current passes over the wires 99 and 29 to the heater 32, and thence over the wire 70, contact 57, switch arm 56, contact 59, "wire 60, resistance 65 and wires 66, 67 and 103 to and through the fields 85 and armature 80 of the motor 7 7 and through the wire 100 to the ring 91' it then passes through the spring 88 to! the section 93 of the ring 89, and and thence 'over the wire 98, binding post 37 and wire 41, back to the generator. Of

course, if the spring 88 bridges the space between the ring 91 and the. section 94 of the ring 89, the flow of current will be directly Opposite to that above traced.' The commutator described causes the supply of an alternating current to the glower 28, motor 77, and solenoid 42, from a direct current source of sup ly. When the circuitis closed over the patfi traced, the heater 32- and the motor 77 are both thrown into operation, with the result'that the glower 28 is raised to a conductive heat, said heater is cut out and the resistance 65 is automatically shunted out of the circuit, and the solenoid The cur rent instead of passing through the coils of the heater 32 therefore, passes entirely through switch for cutting out the heater.

10 is' also of slightly different construction,

the. glower-28 and the temperature of this glower is regulated and controlled by means of the damper-operating mechanism and the current of air which is positively drawn through the latter around and in contact with the glower 28, by the action of the fan 81 connected with the motor 77. By the construction described, therefore, I am able to accomplish all that is attained by my first described-construction, and in addition obtain a forced or positive draft through the lamp instead of a natural draft, and su ply an alternating current instead of a direct current to the glower.

The form of my invention illustrated in Fig. 18 of the drawings, is slightly different from thatshown in Fig. 8, in that the resistance 65, the solenoid 42, the valve or dam per 54, operated by said solenoid, and the alternating current motor 77 are dispensed with, and in lieu of the-same a direct current motor 104 is employed, to which is connected a governor 105 which serves to operate a The tube in that it is connected solely to the basepiece 1 by means of aflange upon its upper end and a nut or collar 13 which screws upon said tube'and bears against the lower surface of said base-piece. The glower 28 is of substantially the same construction as that heretofore described, and the globe 33 is similarly supported from the spring clips 1 34". To the outer surface of the globe 33*, however, are secured a air of contact strips 106, 107, which are a a ted to form electrical connection with t e clips 34. The heater 32 is also of a slightly modified construction, in'that it is made up of a wire which extends vertically back andforth within the globe 32, around the glower 28,

.the same being supported from inwardly exswitch lever is connected with the collar 112 v and is adapted to bridge the circuit between the contacts 113 and 114. A fan 115 connected to the lower end of the armature shaft 109, is located just above the tube 10' and is mounted for rotation within the fancasing 117, .which has an opening at one point which communicates with the space within the casing 3 The said casing is rovided' at intervals with suitable openings or the escape of air. A wire 118 leads from the binding post 36 to the clip 34 on one side of the lamp, and from said clip leads a wire 1 19, through the base-piece 1 to the wire 29.

' From the clip 34 on the opposite side of the the operation of the switch lever 115.

device, leads a wire. 120 to the switch contact 113, and from the switch contact 114 leads a wire 121 to the binding post 37. From the upper end of the glower 28 lead the wires 122 and 123 to the motor 104, and from said motor leads a wire 124 to the switch contact The operation of this form of my invention is as follows: When the current is turned on to the lamp, the circuit is closed through the followin path: wire 39, leading from one pole of t e generator or other source of supply, binding post 36, wire 118, globe supporting clip 34 on one side of the device, contact 106,heater 32, contact strip 107, clip 34 on the other side of the device, wire 120, contact 113, switch lever 115, contact 114, wire 121, binding post 37 and wire 41, back to the source of supply. The flow of current over the course traced, throws the heater 32 into operation and the latter serves to raise the temperature of the glower 28 so as to render the same conductive. When said glower becomes conductive, the current will divide at the supporting clip 34, to which the wire 118 is connected, and pass over the following course: wires 119 and 29, glower 28, wires 122 and 123, motor 104, wire 124, contact 114, wire 121, binding post 37 andwire 41 back to the source of supply. The motor 104 is now in operation and the action thereofis to immediately cut out the heater 32] by T lat is to say, the balls or weights 111 of the governor 105 are thrown outwardly by centrifugal force, the collar 112' of said governor is elevated. and the lever 115 is moved on its fulcrum so as to disconnect the contacts 113 and 114 from each other. The entire fiow of current therefore is then throu h the glower 28 and motor 104, over the PSI-51 last traced. The action of the fan 116 is to create an up ward current of 'air through the tut e 10 around and in contact with the glower 28, the

action of whichis, as in the other forms of my invention, to counteract the tendency of the electric current to raise the temperature of.

the glower 28, and to maintain the temperature of said glower constant. If the voltage of the current-increases, the operation of the motor 104 also increases, a stronger current of air is drawn through the lamp, and the cooling effects of the air current on the glower 28 are increased. The air enters the globe 6 throu h the openings 7 therein, instead of throng openings in the flanges-4 on the casing 3*. r v

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In an electric glow lam means for creating a current of a coo ing medium through the lamp in contact with the glower, and means for regulating the flow of such cooling means in accordance with variations in the potential of the current supplied.

2. In an electric glow lamp, means for creating a current of a cooling medium through the lamp in contact with the glower, and means for automatically regulating the flow of such cooling means in accordance with variations in the potential of the current supplied.

3. In an electric glow lamp, a tube in which a current of air throughthe lamp in contact with the glower, is created, and means for controlling the area of the assage through said tube in accordance witi variations in the potential of the current supplied to the glower.

4. In an electric glow lamp, a tule in which a current of air through the lamp in contact with the glower, is created, and means automatically thrown into operation under variations in the potential of the current supplied to the glower for controlling the area of the passage through said tube.

5. In an electric glow lamp, a tulle in which a current of air through the lamp in contact with the glower, is created, a valve or damper in said. tube and means for automatically shifting said valve under variations of the potential of the current supplied to the lower.

6. In an electric glow lamp, a tul-e in which a current of air through the lamp in contact with the glower, is created, a pivoted valve or damper for controlling the passage through said tulfe, an electrounagnet in circuit with the glower and operative connections between said damper and the armature of said magnet, as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In an electric glow lamp, a tube in which a current of air through the lamp in contact with the glower, is created, a valve or damper for controlling the passage through said tube, a pinion connected thereto for operating it, a solenoid in circuit with the glower and a lever connected with the core of said solenoid and having a rack thereon in mesh with said pinion, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In an electric glow lamp, 'a heater for the glower, in parallel therewith, a resistance in the healer circuit, and means automatically thrown into operation when the glowerbecomes conductive for cutting out the heater and shunting out the resistance.

9. In an electric glow lamp, a heater for the glower, and means automatically thrown into operation when the glower becomes conductive for cutting out said heater and creating a current of a cooling medium around and in contact with said glower, the said meansacting under variations in the miential ol the electric current through the g lower, for varying the amount of thecurrent of said cooling medium.

10. In an electric glow lamp, a heater for the glower, in paralle therewith, a resistance in the heater circuit, and means automatically thrown into operationwhen the glower becomes conductive for cutting out the heater and shunting out the resistance and for creating a current of a coolin medium around and in contact with said g ower.

11. In an electric low lamp, a heater for the glower, in paralle therewith, a resistance in the heater circuit, and means automatically thrown into operation when the glower becomes conductive for cutting out the heater and shunting out the resistance and for creating a current of a coolin medium around and in contact with said g ower, the said means acting under variations in the potential of the electric circuit through the glower, for varying the amount of the current of said coolin medium.

12. In an e ectric low lamp,a heater for the glower, in paralle therewith, a resistance in the heater clrcuit, a switch for cutting out the heater and shunting out the resistance, a

' solenoid in'the glower circuit, connections between the core of said solenoid and said switch for throwing the latter ,into operation, a tube through which a current of air is created around and in contact with said glower, a valve or damper in said tube for controlling the passage therethrough, and o erative connections between said valve am said core.

13. In an electric glow lamp, a fan for creating a current of air around and in contact with the glower.

14. In an electric glow lamp, a fan for ereating a current of air around and in contact with the glower, and means for regulating the speed of said fan in accordance w1th variations in the potential of the current supplied to the glower.

15. In an electric glow lamp, a fan for creating a positive current of air around and in contact with the glower, and'an electric motor in circuit with-the glower for actuating said fan.

16. In an electric glow lamp, a tube arranged adjacent to the glower and means for creating a'positive draft through said tube, around and in contact with the glower, and means controlled by variations in the poten tial of the current supplied to the glower, for increasing and decreasing said draft.

17. In an electric glow lamp, a tube arranged adjacent to the glower, an electric motor in circuit with the glower whose casing communicates with said tube, and a fan actuated by said'motor for creating apositive current of air'through said tube around and in contact with the glower.

18. In an electric glow lamp, a tube arranged adjacent to the glower, a damper in said tube, means for creating a positive current of air through said tube, around and in contact with the glower and means controlled by variations in the potential of the current supplied to said glower for actuating said damper. a

19. In an electric glowlamp, a tube arranged adjacent to the glower, a damper in said tube, a fan for creating a positive current of air through said tube around and in contact with the glower, an electric motor for actuating said fan and a solenoid for actuating the glower, in parallel therewith, a tube ar-v ranged adjacent to the heater, a damper in said tube for controlling the passage therethrough, a fan for creating a positive currentof air through said tube around and in contact with said glower, an electric motor for actuating said fan, in circuit with the glower, and means thrown into operation when the glower becomes conductive, for cutting out said heater and opening said dam er.

21. In an electric glow lamp, a cater for the glower, in parallel therewith, a tube arranged adjacent to the heater, a damper in said tube for controlling the passage therethrough, a fan for creating a positive current of air through said tube around and in contact with said glower, an electric motor for actuating said fan, in circuit with the glower,

a switch for cutting out said heater, and an electro-magnet in circuit with said glower and operatively connected with said switch and said damper, whereby said switch is actuated and said dam er is opened when said glower becomes conciiictive.

22. In an electric glow lamp, an electric motor in circuit with the glower, means operated by said motor for creating a positive current of air around and in contact with the glower, and means for supplying an alternating current to said motor and glower from a direct current source of Sn )ply.

In witness whereof, I subscribe my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

GUSTAVE K. HARTUNG.

\Vitnesses WM. M. STOCKBRIDGE, FRANK S. OBER.

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