US667106A - Electric-arc lamp. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Jan. 29, I9DI. E. THOMSON C. E.` HARTHAN. ELECTRIC ABC LAMP 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(Application tiled Oct. 19, 1897.)

No. 567,|u6.

Miu/Qu.

' No. 667,|o6. Patehted 1an. 29,1901.

E. THOMSON & c. E. HARTHAN. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application med oec. 19,' 1897.) {NU MOHM.) 2 Sheets$heet 2.

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TH: anais versus co.. Howl oooooooooooooooooo c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELIHU THOMSON, OF SWAMPSCOTT, AND CHARLES E. HARTHAN, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,

OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 667,106, dated January 29, 1901.

'Application filed October 19, 1897. Serial No. 6555705. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that we, ELIHU THOMSON, residing at Swampscott, and CHARLES E. HAR- THAN, residing at Lynn, in the county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, (Case No. 638,) of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to elect-ricarc lamps, and has special reference to the clutch mechanism for feeding the upper carbon.

The invention also has reference to details of construction of other parts of an electricarc lamp, as herein set forth and claimed.

The lamp herein set forth presents certain features making it available for use with alternating currents.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an elevation in Vertical section of an electric-arc lamp embracing the invention. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are details of the magnetic core, by means of which the lamp is regulated. Figs. 6, 7, S, and 9 are details of the clutch mechanism. Figs. l() and ll are details of the lamp.

In the construction of the lamp A is a suitable casing inclosing the carbon feeding and regulating mechanism. The globe B is sus pended therefrom by means of rods d a, telescoping or extending through tubes b b, suspended from the casing A, the rods d a being held in their elevated position by means of hooks c at their upper' ends engaging with latches d, mounted on casingAand operated by a button e. The lower ends of the tubes b are connected by a cross-bar j', having a socket f', in which rests the lower carbon g.

The lower ends of the rods d are connected by a cross-bar 7L, having a central depending screw-threaded projection t', extending through a circular support k, on which rests the globe B. The globe B is tightened into position by a thuinb-nutj on the threaded projection t' and bearing up against the under side of the support 7c. The latter and the globe B are kept from being turned by the thumb-nntj by a cross-piece Z, mounted on the support c and extending under the latter through a slot j/ in the depending portion t" of the threaded projection t'. An inverted v air.

plan View of this construction is shown in Fig. l0. The release of the globe and its entire removal with its Asupport k may be eifected by unscrewing the thumb-nntpl until it is free of the threaded portion t'. The globe when in its normal raised position is locked by reason of the shape of the hooks c and latches d, and in order to lower the globe it is necessary to first move the holder upward slightly by hand, which raises the hooks to a point where the latches d may be removed by rotating the button e on the outside of the lamp.

The lamp is provided with an outer casing m, consisting of a thin shell of metal extending upward from the top of the globe. Just above the globe B the casing m is provided with a hollow ring n, forming an air-space and open at the top, above which is located a hood 0. The shell m is provided with openings p just below the bottom casing q, which form exits for the heated air from the globe into the air-space in ring n, the air escaping from the latter beneath hood o into the open It will be seen that by the screwing up of thumb-nut the globe B will be pressed up against the lower portion ot casing m and ring n.

Through the casing A projects the rod C for holding the upper carbon g', secured by a suitable clamp C to the lower end ot' rod C. The upper portion of rod C projectsinto a tubular chamber C2, located on the top of casing A. Within the casing A a suitable clutch D is located, which operates to grasp and raise the rod C. The clutch D is raised by means of a vertical rod D', connected at one end to clutch D and at the other to a lever E, pivoted to lugs (indicated by dotted lines at E', Fig. l) depending from the lampt'rame, and the rod D is in turn raised by lever E, hinged to a magnetic core E, suspended in the magnet-coil G, the core F acting upon lever E. The coil Gr, which is traversed by the current which maintains the arc, is mounted on a spring G or other yielding support. This is especially important when the currentis alternating. The spring G' has a tendency to prevent thevibrations of the coil G, due to the alternating current, from reaching the framework of the lamp IOO and causing humming. The spring G surrounds a rod or other suitable support G2, which acts as a guide to direct the movements ot' the coil, and thereby maintain it in parallel relation with the core F. A dashpot H, connected tothe outer end of leverE, serves to regulate the motions of the carbonfeediug mechanism. As shown, the cylinder of dash-pot II is movable and its piston is fixed.

The clutch employed herein is preferably constructed as follows: It is formed of several parts stamped out of sheet metal. In Fig. 6 is shown the blank for the movable jaw of clutch D, made of sheet metal, which may be phosphor-bronze, and which is so notched and shaped, as shown in Fig. 6, that it may be bent into complet-e form. hown in Fig. 9.) In its complete form the movable jaw comprises a thin vertical portion forming the arm I'I, a fiat horizontal portion l, forming a jaw having a curved edge 2 to lit the side of the carbon, two notches 3 3, and adepending portion et at the outer end of the portion l. The other end of arm H is formed with a horizontal flattened portion 5, having a perforation 6. In Fig. 7 is a blank I, which is shaped and bent to form the other jaw of the elutch,as shown in Fig. 9. The blankI is of a square shape and is provided with perforations 7 at its corners and with a curved edge S in a cut-away portion at one side to lit against the side of the carbon-rod, the cutaway .portion forming the projections i). rIhe latter are bent downward at a right angle, and the opposite end of blank I is similarlyv bent, as shown in Fig. i), thereby bringing the perforations 7 in alinement, as shown.

In Fig. S is shown a frame formed of an oblong U -shaped wire part l0 and cross-piece il, secured to its ends. is provided with a small screw l2 and jamnut 13, as shown in Fig. 9. 'lhe jaw formed from the blank I is mounted on the frame K, the wire part l0 extending through perforations 7 and through notches 3 3 in the other part of the jaw. The jaw formed from the blank I is mounted also on the lower end of the rod D. By means of set-screw l2 and jam-nut 13, which bears, as shown, against the rear ot' the jaw formed from blaul; I, the latter can oe adjusted on the wire part l0 to the proper position for eoperating with the other jaw to clutch the carbon-rod andalso to compensate for wear of the clutch, thereby prolonging the life ot the latter.

To hold the jaw Z in closed position, release it from the carbon-rod, and restore it to closed position, the following device is employed: Upon the rod D is mounted a bracket-arm L, having a sleeve L and set-screw i', engaging the rod D, whereby the arm L can be adj usted upon the rod D. A rod Z extends through the outer end of arm L and through the perforation 6 in the end of arm Hand a stop or enlargement Z' beneath the end of Il', the lower end of Z depending Vfrom stop Z.

The cross-piece l l Mounted on the rod Z and located between the outer end oi` bracket-arm L and the outer end of arm H is a coiled spring m", the tension of which maybe regulated by adjusting the arm L on rod D. rIhe jawZ is heid in its normal closed position by the spring m holding down the outer end oi arm II. Vhen the clutch is lowered by the action of the feeding mechanism, the stop Z" is brought against the bottom of casing l, or a suitable abutment thereon, which raises the outer end of arm II' and releases jaw Z. In the upward movement of rod C the spring m reacts to close the jaw Z and cause it to grasp the upper carbon-rod. The lower end ot' rod Z projects through a hole n in the bottom of casing A and is provided with a button n, by which the jaw Z may be released by hand, if desired. Vhen alternating currents trav erse the coil G, it is desirable to laminate the iron core F thoroughly. For this purpose the core F is preferably constructed as follows: As shown, three thin strips of iron M are riveted together, having the same length as the core and so bent as to aiiord wings M', one hundred and twenty degrees apart., and a central tubular passage-way M" for a wire N, extending through the same. The extremities of the wings M are bent inward to form the core F in the shape of a cylinder, as shown in Fig. 'di and in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The hollow spaces thus formed are packed with iron wires, as indicated at N in Fig. 4f. The slots which exist between the edges ot' the wings M are covered with mica or other material, which prevents the escape ot the wires. lThe wire N, extending through the core G, is provided with a disk p at its upper end and disks p at its lower end, a spring P being located between the upper end of core F and disk p and a spring P' being located between the disks p" p. These springs tend to allow the core a certain play under the alternating magnetism, which play or tremor is not conveyed in its inll torce to the moving parts of the feed mechanism, such as lever E and clutch D.

The core G, constructed as set forth, at`- tords a solid structure laminated and so a1'- ranged as to prevent inductional currents, and thereby avoid heating,

R indicates the resistance, loca-led in the top of the lamp and preferably constructed as follows:

The resistance R is composed of spirals R', of German silver or other high-resistance wire, wound upon a suitable support S, ol refractory material of an insulating character. The support S is constructed ol a number of pieces T, ot baked earthemvare or dorcelain, having projections at their ends which fit into grooves or depressions U in the plates V V', the plate V being at the top oi the lamp-case and the plate V resting on the top oi the casin "f A. The pieces T have notches if in their outer part in which lie the wound spirals R. (Shown in plan view in Fig. il.)

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The circuit of the lamp is indicated by dotted lines and is from terminal V2 to and through the resistance-wire R', from thence to and through coil G, from coil G by suitable contacts to and through the carbon-rod C, through cai-bons g g to the lower framework, and back by suitable connections, such as an insulated cable, as usually provided, to the outgoing terminal V3 of the lamp.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is*

1. Ina carbon feeding and regulating mechanism for electric-arc lamps, the combination of a magnet-coil, a coiled spring situated below the coil, upon which it is yieldingly supported, a core mounted for movement, a feed mechanism, and a spring con nection between the core and the feed mechanism, the arrangement being such that both the core and the coil are movable for the purpose ol" reducing vibration and humming.

2. ln an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a clutch, an actuating-coil, a coiled spring situated below the coilfor supporting it, and also permitting it to move slightly in a ver` tical direction, a guide 'for directing the vertical movement of the coil, a core movable within the coil, a connection between the core and the clutch, and springs situated above and belovt7 the core, which form an elastic con nection between the core and the clutch.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination ol a magnet having a central opening for receiving the core, a coiled spring situated below the magnet and tending at all times to move the magnet upward, a guide for directing the movements of the magnet, a springsupported core arranged to move within the magnet and to control the l'eed of the lamp, and kmeans for maintaining the core and magnet in parallel relation.

et. In a carbon feeding and regulating mechanism for electric-arc lamps, a spring-supported magnet-coil, a guide therefor in combination with a core movable endwise on its support and provided at its ends with controlling-springs, as and for the purpose set fort/h.

5. A carbon feeding and regulating mechanism for electric-arc lamps, comprising a vertically-movable carbon-carrying rod, a horizontal lever pivoted to a fixed part of the lamp, a magnet-core suspended from one end ol said horizontal lever and movable endwise on its support, springs controllingihe endwise movement of the core, a magnet-coil mounted on a yielding support, a clutch engaging the carbon rod, and a Vertical rod suspended from the other end of said horizontal lever and connected to one of the jaws ofthe clutch, whereby upon the descent of said vertical rod the clutch releases the carbon-carrying rod, as set forth.

6. A carbon feeding and regulating mechanism for electric-are lam ps,com prisinga vern tically-movable carbon-carrying rod, a horizontal lever pivoted to a fixed part of the lamp, a magnet-core yieldingly supported on one end of said horizontal lever, a maglietcoil mounted on a yielding support, a clutch normally engaging the carbon-rod, a vertical rod suspended from the other end of said horizontal lever and connected to one of the jaws of the clutch, a spring holding the other jaw in engagement with the carbon-rod and serving to restore it to engagement with the latter when released, and means for releasing the clutch from the carbon-rod, substantially as set forth.

7. A carbon feeding and regulating mechanism for electric-arc lamps, comprising a vertically movable carbon carrying rod, a horizontal lever pivoted to a fixed part of the lamp, a magnet-core yieldingly suspended from one end of said horizontal lever` a magnet-coil mounted on a yielding support, a dash-pot suspended from the other end of said lever, a clutch normally engaging the carbonrod, a vertical rod also suspended from said other end of the horizontal lever and connected to one of the jaws of the clutch, a spring for holding the other jaw of the clutch in engagement with the carbon-rod and serving to restore it to engagement therewith when released, and means for releasing the clutch from the carbon-rod, substantially as set forth.

8. A magnet-core, consisting of a solid body havingits exterior formed of thin sheet metal, and its interior with lengthwise partitions of thin sheet metal, and wires iilling the couipartments formed by the partitions,substantially asset forth.

9. A magnet-core, consisting of a laminated structure oi' thin sheet metal with a central opening and partitions lengthwise, and wires lilliug the compartments formed by the partitions.

l0. A magnet-core consisting of thin sheets of metal extending lengthwise oli' the core and bent to form a central passage-way, lengthwise partitions and the exterior wall of the core, and wires filling the compartments formed by the partitions.

ll. A magnet-core consisting of strips of thin metal bent to form a central opening for the passage of a wire or rod, lapping lengthwise wings forming partitions,diverging outer portions forniing the exterior ot' the core, and wires lilling the compartments formed by the partitions.

l2. In an electric-arc lamp, a verticallymovable carbon-carrying rod, a lever pivoted to a fixed part of the lamp, an electromagnet having a core suspended from one end of the lever, a clutch normally in engagement with the carbon-carrying rod and having a fixed jaw, a vertical rod suspended from the other end of the lever and connected to the fixed jaw, a movable jaw, aspring holding the movable jaw in engagement with the carbon-rod and restoringit to normal position when re- IOO IOS

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leased and means for releasing the movable jaw upon the descent of the ca-rbon-rod, substantially as set forth.

13. A carbon-clutch for electric-arc lamps, constructed as follows: a fixed jaw mounted on a support and formed from a sheet-metal blank with a concave edge to bite the carbon, and depending perforated ends, a U-shaped oblong frame formed from a rod, a cross-piece secured to the ends of the U-shaped frame, a set-screw in said cross-piece at the rear of and abutting against the rear end of the fixed jaw, a movable jawformed from a sheet-metal blank and consisting of an arm constituting a thin vertical strip, a fiat portion at one end of the latter bentata rightangle thereto and havinga curved edge to bite the carbon, and notches at its rear through which passes the outer end of the U-shaped frame serving as a fulcrum on which the movable jaw rocks; and a spring and stop at the outereud of the arm of the movable jaw connected with the support of the fixed jaw, whereby the movable jaw is held in engagement with the carbon-rod, and released therefrom in the vertical movements of the clutch.

14. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a resistance-coil, a number of radially-disposed blochs of insulation having beveled or inclined ends and separated from each other and their support by an air-space, notches cut therein for the reception of the resistancewire, and beveled or inclined clamps for securing the blocks of insulation in place.

15. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a resistance-coil, a central support, blocks of refractory insulating material radially disposed around the support but separated therefrom by an air-space, beveled clamping-sur faces on the ends of the blocks, and top and bottom plates secured to the central support, which engage the beveled clamping-surfaces of the insulating-blocks.

16. As an article of manufacture, a clutch for an arc-lamp comprising a punching having a gripping-surface formed integral therewith and mounted on a support extending at right angles thereto, a second punching pivoted to a frame carried by the first at a point substantially opposite its gripping-surface and acting as a movable gripping-surface, and an arm formed integral with one of the punchings, which passes under that punching and also the one opposite thereto; the said arm acting to trip the clutch.

17. As an article of manufacture, an element of a clutch comprising a sheet-metal punching, having an extension 1 with a gripping-surface 2, slots 3, 3, a tongue 11, andan arm or extension H.

1S. As an article of manufacture, the stationary element of an arc-lamp clutch comprising a metal punching, having downwardly-projecting extensions c, e, containing holes 7, 7 for receiving the support for the moving element of the clutch, anda gripping-surface S which is formed integral with the main body of the punching between the extensions.

19. In an electric-arclamp,the combination of a frame having a closed, or .practically closed, bottom, a casing having Ventilatingopenings, Which surrounds the bottom, the said openings being located below the bottom, and an ornamental ring extending around the casing and forming a chamber which communicates with the Ventilating-openings.

20. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a frame having a closed bottom, a casing which surrounds and extends below said bottom and is provided with Ventilating-openings, an ornamental ring open on its top side, extending around the casing and forming a chamber which communicates with the ventilating-openings, `and a second ornamental ring arranged to flare outwardly and cover the open end oi' the first-named ring.

21. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a screw-threaded project-ion having a vertical slot therein, a globe-holder mounted for movement ou the projection, and a means secured to the globe-holder and working in the slot for preventing the holder from turning.

In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a screw-threaded projection having a vertical slot therein, a globe-holder mounted for movement on the projection, and a nut for raising and lowering the globe-holder.

23. In an alternating-current apparatus, the combination of a magnet-coil adapted to carry alternating current, a flexible support therefor, a guide for directing the movements of the coil, an armature located within the influence of the magnet-coil, and a flexible support for the armature, whereby humming and vibration of the parts are prevented.

24. In au alternating-current apparatus, the combination of a solenoid-magnet adapted to carry alternating current, a support for the parts of the apparatus, a spring between the magnet and the support, a guide for directing the movements of the magnet, a laminated armature arranged to Work with the magnet, and a spring-suspension for the armature, whereby humming and vibration of the parts are prevented.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 16th day of October, 1897.

ELU-1U THOMSON. CHARLES E. HARTIIAN.

Vitnesses:

JOHN W. GIBBoNnY, HENRY O. WESTENDARP.

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