US271456A - William hochhausen - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

' w. HOGHHAUSEN'.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 271,456. Patented Jan.30, 1883.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Pholoiilhu npiwn Wamhnm 04 CV (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. HOGHHAUSEN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 271,456. Patented Jamn.30,1883.

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE;

WILLIAM HOGHHAUSEN, 0F NEYV YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,456, dated January 30, 1888,

Application filed February 15, 1882.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, for. HOGHHAUSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at'New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lights, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to regulators for controlling the feed ot'carbon pencils in arc-lights; and it consists, first, in a novel combination of a pivoted gear-train frame and main and derived circuit electro-magnets, in which the swinging frame for the clock-work, to which latter the carbon-carrier is geared, is hung and counterbalanced in such a way thatit tendsto lift the carbon-carrier, while the derived-circuit magnet acts upon the frame in such a way that when the current passing through it is increased it tends to draw the carbon down, and also to release the detentot' the train, the office of the main-circuit magnet in the combination being simply to remove and hold out ofaction an overbalarming-weight, which, when bearing upon the frame, holds the frame in position where the carbons will remain together, but which, when removed, ceases to over-balance the counter-balance of the frame, so as to allow the latter to tilt the frame and to thus separate the carbons to form the arc.

My invention consists, secondly, in certain details of construction relating to the insulation and protection of the various parts of the lamp, the object being to so construct the lamp that there shall he no exposed met-att c portion thereof in electrical connection with those portions through which the current passes,

thus preventing the formation of an accidental cross connection between exposed portions through accidental contact of some conducting material.

My invention consists, thirdly, in a certain novel construction of the globe-holder and its I supporting parts, the object being, among other things, to allow the globe to be lowered for the purpose of getting access to the lower-carbon holder and its carbon.

My invention consists, further, of certain details of construction, that will be hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

(No model.)

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the operating portions of an electric-lightregulator constructed according to my invention removed from their supporting-frame. Fig. 2 is a side view of a lamp, showing the coils and gearframe of Fig. l in position in the lamp-frame. Fig. 3 is a partial vertical section of a complete lamp constructed according to my invention, showing the parts indicated in Fig. 1 in position in the frame, with the exception that the device operated by the main-circuit coil is of somewhat different construction from that of Fig. 1. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 show details of construction.

A represents a coil or helix in the direct circnit with the carbons, and B a'coil in a derived circuit, the former acting solely to remove a weightwhich over-balances the swinginggearfraine, so as to hold it in position where the upper carbon will rest in contact with the lower, while the latter is connected to the frame in such a way that when the flow of current through it increases to a snflicient extent, when the lamp is in action, it will overcome the counterbalancing or retractive devices of the frame and carry the latter in a direction to cause'a release and feed of the carbon.

0 represents the pivoted frame, in which the retarding-train of wheels geared to the carboncarrier R is mounted. Said frame is pivoted at d in suitable brackets or arms projecting laterally from some portion of the lamp. One of such arms is indicated at D, and is shown in Fig. 3 as projecting from the inside of the casing H. 4

l and K are lateralextensions from the frame G, to one of which the core or armature ot' the derived-circuit coil B is connected in any suitable manner, while upon the other the weighted core or armature of the mainrircnit coil A rests when the lamp is not in action. The weight of this core is sufficient to overbalance the retracting devices acting upon the trame O, and so hold the right-hand side of the frame in a depressed position. The point (I, at which the frame is pivoted, is to the left ofthe carbon-carrier and the pinion with which it engages, so that when the derived-circuit coil B attracts its core it moves the frame in a direction to tend to bring the carbons together,

and also to release the retarding-train, as will be presently seen.

W is an adjustable counter-balance acting against the weight of the carbon-carrier and the parts attached to the frame on the right of the pivotal points, and also in opposition to the attractive effects of the derived-circuit coilB. In placeofthecounterbalancing'weight I may use a counterbalancing-spring, one end of which is attached to the frame 0, while the other is connected to an elbow-lever, f, pivoted in a bracket attached to the inner side of the casing H, and adjustable by means of a setscrew passing through the casing, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3.

The pinion ot' the gear-train which engages with the carbon-carrier R is indicated at a. It is connected, by a pawl and ratchet constructed in the ordinary way to allow the carboil-carrier to be raised freely, with a wheel, I), which in turn gears with a pinion upon the shaft of the escapement-wheel G.

The vibrating wing or fly connected to the escapement is indicated at h. The movement of the wing or fly h, and consequently of the train, is controlled by a detent, g, pivoted in a bracket in the side of the casing E, into and out of engagement with which the fly is carried, as the end of the frame in which the escapement and fly are mounted is moved up and down in obedience to the varying attractive effects of the derived-circuit coil B.

- The detent g is adjustable by means of a setscrew passing through the side of the casing H and bearing against the weighted end of the detent. By adjusting the set-screw the locking end of the detent is lowered, or allowed to rise so as to be set in position to come into engagement with the fly h, or release its hold upon the latter at the proper point in the movement of the frame (3 and of the supported carbon-carrier. When no current is passing the weight of the core for the maincircuit coil rests upon the arm K, and the side of the frame 0, from which the carbon-carrier R is hung, is held down by said weight, the wing or fly It being thus held out of engage ment with the detent g. The upper carbon is in contact with the lower. When the current passes the main-circuit coil lifts its core and holds it, thus relieving the frame of the overbalancing-weight. The counter-balance Wis then free to act, so that the frame 0 swings and brings the fly into engagement with the detent, thus locking the train of wheels from movement, so that further movement of the frame lifts the carbon-carrier and forms the arc. The frame is now under the control of the derived-circuit coil B alone, which acts against the counterbalance. If thelength or are increases, more current flows through the coils B, thus drawing down the right-hand side of the frame and disengaging the detent g and the fly, so that the carbon-carrier R can now descend under the control of the retarding-train of wheels. This movement continues until the arc is shortened to the proper length and the amount of current flowing iii-the derived-circuit helices decreases to such an extent that the counter-balance WV again overcomes the pull of the coils and brings the fly it into engagement with the detent, thus locking the carbon-carrier from further movement.

In order to insure the lifting of the carboncarrier to form the are, I sometimes employ, in conjunction with the overbalancing-weight operated by the main-circuit helices, a device such as that shown in Fig. 3. In this figure the cores of the main and derived circuit coils engage with the same arm of the frame G,and are in vertical line with one another. A pivoted catch, 15, connected to the core of the main-circuit coils, is weighted, so as to engage with a notch in the end of the arm upon which the derived-circuit coil acts. rent is passing the weight of the main-circuit core rests upon the frame 0, as before, and holds the end down. When the current circulates the catch 15 rises with the core, and should the ovcrbalance W fail to depress its end of the frame the catch will move the frame positively. An adjustable stop, 16, in the lower head of the main-circuit spool disengages the catch and leaves the frame under the sole control of the derived coils. When the current ceases and the core, with its attached catch, drops, the catch automatically re-engages with the frame, ready for the next operation of the lamp.

It is obviously within the scope of the invention to use other forms of electro-magnets and other constructions of retarding'trains.

In order to insulate the carbon-carrier R from the remainder of the lamp, I mount the pinion a upon an lHSUlHtlDg-SlOGX G of hard rubber or any other suitable material.

In order to still further insure the insulation of the carbon-carrier from the gear-train and other portions of the lamp, 1 connect the ratchet-wheel with which the pawl carried by wheel 12 engages to the pinion by means of a disk, 0, between which and the ratchet-wheel is interposed a disk of insulating material. As shown in Fig. 3, I insert in the top of the carbon-carrier a plug of insulating material, E, which serves to prevent accidental contact of the end of the tube with the inclosing and supporting tube F. The carrier is guided by means of blocks of insulating material seated in the top plate, B, and the bottom plate, A, of the frame or casing of the lamp, thus cutting off the bottom and top plates from electrical connection with the carrier. Guideplates of metal might be employed in this connection, suitable insulating material being iiiterposed between said plates and the bottom and top plates of the lamp.

The conductors through which the current is supplied to the lamp are supported and connected in the following manner: P and O are respectively the positive and negative main conductors, which pass through and are sup When nocur IIC and insulated therefrom by plates of hard rubber or other suitable material, as indicated.

The block M is also provided with a perforation, into which enters a wire forming one of the terminals of the derived-circuit coil B, said wire being secured in the block by a binding-screw, k. A binding-screw, m, in the block N serves to hold the other end of coil B and one end of coil A in electrical connection with said block.

Electrical connection is made from positive wire. P to the carbon-carrier by means of springs a, which are clamped to the side of the block M and press firmly against the side of the carrier. A hand-switch for short-circuiting the lamp is shown in Figs. 2, and 4.

Connected to block N is a spring or series of springs, s, which are held out of contact with block M by their elasticity, but which can be forced into contact therewith, so as to form a short circuit around the operative portions of the lamp. by means of an eccentric, K of insulating material, attached to the lower end of a spindle, V, having an operatinghandle, 9. This spindle is suitably mounted in the top plate,B, as shown iirI ig. 7. T Tare the rods by which the parts supporting the lower carbon and the globe are suspended from the body of the lamp. These rods are by preference coated with some vitreous insulating material. They are insulated from the lower plate, A, by insulating sleeves or washers.

In order to prevent electrical connection of said rods with the upper plate, B, they areinsnlated from the same by siiniliar means. As one or both of these rods forms a portion ofthe path for the current from the lower carbon, I connect them to the upper plate, B, by nuts 7 7, of some insulating material, so that even it' the top plate should be in electrical connection with the positive carbon no electrical connection or short circuit could be formed between said plate and the end of the supporting-rod by accidental contact of a conductor occurring simultaneously with said parts.

K represents the cross-arm which supports the clamping devices forthe lower carbon, and is in electrical connection with said carbon and the rods TT. The clamp for the carbon is formed by means of a semicircular bend in the arm K atL, between which and a semicircular piece, M, the carbon is clamped by means of clamping-screws 13 13.,

Theglobe-holder is constructed and supported in the following manner O O are friction-slides, which work upon the rodsT T, and

which support rods R R carrying at their lower end and beneath the cross-bar K a cupshaped piece, E, to which the clamping devices for the globe are removably attached. The rods R R pass through the bar K,from which they are insulated either by a bushing of insulating material or by a vitreous enamel formed upon the surface of the rods.

Itdesired,insnlation oftheglobe-holder from thesnpporting-arms T T and cross-arm K may be secured by insulating the cup E in any suitable manner at its point of attachment to the rods R. Electrical contact between the supporting-projection ot' the part E and the crossbar K is prevented by means of washers of insulating material, as indicated.

The globe-holder proper consists of a tube, 11, flanged at its upper edge, and a tube, 12, screwed to tube 11, between the upper edge of which and the flange of 11 the neck of the globe is clamped. Projections 10 10 from tube 11. enter slots formed in E, after the manner of a bayonet-joint. By these means the globeholder properand itsattached globe may be removed bodily by disconnection at the bayonetjoint; or the globe may be-lowered withoutdetachment, the part E and its supporting rods and slides being lowered with it. The lower portion of the tube 12 forms a protection for the lower carbon, and also a handle by which the connected parts may be raised and lowered.

The circuits through the lamp are as follows: Entering at positive wire P, the current divides from block M, one portion passing through the derived-circuit coils B and direct to block N. The other and greater portion passes from M, thuough springs n, to the carbon-carrier and to the are. From the lower carbon the current passes through the rod T to the point p, where a binding-post, to which one end of the inain'circuit coil A is connected, is screwed in to the rod or electrically connected therewith in any suitable manner. Said post is insulated from the casing H by a bushing of insulatingmaterial, as indicated. The other end of the main-circuit coil connects directly with N.

By insulating the various parts of the lamp.

in the manner above described all danger of accidental cross-connection through the exposed metallic portions of the lamp is avoided, and the attendant may handle and adjust the lamp while it is burning without dangerot' receiving a shock.

It is obvious that my invention is not lim ited to any particular construction of main and derived circuit electro-magnets, and that other constructions of devices may beemployed for overbalancing the end of the lever supporting the carbon-carrier, and for removing the overbalance or weight by the action of a main-circuit electro-magnet or coil when the current begins to flow. It is also apparent that this portion of my invention may be applied to electric lamps in which the movement of the carbon rod is controlled by a clamp, it being 4 amass only necessary to preserve the same relation of the counter-balance tending to lift the carrier, the derived-circuit coil acting against the counter-balance and tending to release the carrier, and the overbalance controlled by a m ain'- circuit magnet and applied so as to-hold the parts in a position where the carbons may comeinto and remain in contact.

That I claim as my invention is 1. The combination, substantially as described, with the regulating or controlling mechanism for an electric lamp, of a counterbalance tending to separate the carbons, aderived-circuit magnet opposed to the counterbalance, and serving, when an increased current flows through it,to release the carbon-carrier, and an overbalanee and main-circuit magnet for controlling the same, said overbalance being arranged, as dest ribed, to hold the mechanism, when no currentis tiowing,in condition for allowing the carbons to come together.

2. The combination, substantially as described, with a counterbalanced geartrain trame arranged, as described, to lift the carbon-carrier when the counter balance is free to act, of an electro-magnet in a derived circuit around the carbons for actuating the frame in opposition to the counter-balance, and an overbalancing-weight acting upon the frame to hold the carbons together, and an electro-magnet in the main circuit for removing said overbalance when the current begins to flow.

3. The combination, substantially as described, in an electric lamp, of a pivoted frame carry ing the gear-train with which the carboncarrier is connected, at derived-circuit coil and movable core attached to said frame, and a main-circuit coil and movable core which rests upon said frame when no current is passing, but is removed from thel'rame and held removed when the lamp is in action.

4. The combination, substantially as described, of a counterbalanced frame for the gear-train in an electric lamp, of an overbalance controlled by a main-circuit magnet, and an automatic catch engaging with the frame, with a disen gaging-stop arranged, as described, to disengage the catch when the overbalance is raised.

5. The combination, substantially as described, of the overbalance, the pivoted weighted catch pivoted in the ovcrbalance, the adjustable stop for said catch, and the pivoted gear-train frame.

6. The combination, with the carbon-carrier, of a gear-train pinion insulated from its shaft, as and for the purpose described.

7. The combination of the pinion (t, disk 0, wheel b, and ratchet and interposed insulating-disk.

b. The combination, with the carbon-carrier, of the insulating-plug E,substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, with the carbon-carrier, of guide-plates a, secured to the bottom and top plates, but insulated therefrom.

10. The combination, substantially as de scribed, with the insulated conductors passing through the casing, of clamp blocks or plates secured to the innerside ot' the casing and insulated therefrom.

11. The combination, substantially as described, of the insulated conductors passing through the casing, and clamp blocks or plates secured to the interior of the casing and provided with binding-screws and perforations for the connection of the helices of the lamp.

12. The combination, substantially as described, of the supr'iorting-rods T, the top plate, B, and the nuts 7, of insulating materia 13. The combination, with the cross-arm K, formed with a semicircular bend at its center, of the clamping-plate Mand the clam p-screws, the whole forming a clamp for the lower carbon.

14. The combination of the supporting-rods T and the cross-arm K, tor-med, as described, to constitute a portion of the clamp for the lower carbon.

15. The combination of the supporting-rods T, the supports 1%, the perforated cross-bar K for guiding the latter, and the globe-holder connected to the supports R beneath the cross bar.

16. The combination, substantially as described, ot' the vertically-movable supportingrods 1%, an attached support for the globeholder, and the removable globe-holder.

17. The combination, substantially as described, ot' the flanged tube 1L and the clamping-tube 12, constructed to form a casing and protection for the lower carbon and a clamp for the globe, and suitable means, as described,

for attaching said parts to the lamp.

18. The combination, substantially as described, ot' the clamping device 12, the flanged tube 11 for constituting the globe-holder, and the bayonet-joint attachment connected to the tube 11 and engaging with a support, E, connected to the lamp.

19. The combination, with the lower carbon of an electric lamp, of an independently-detachable globe-holder encircling said carbon, and provided with an attached downwardlyextending tube or cage to form a cover or protection for said carbon.

20. The combination, substantially as described, of the rods T, coated with an insulating material, of the supporting-rods It, also coated with an insulating material, the perforated crossbar K, the support E, attached to the rods R below the cross-bar K, and insulating-washers upon the rods R, interposed between the cross-bar K and support E.

21. The combination, in an electric lamp, of the positive and negative binding-posts M M, located upon the interior of its casing, a spring, .9, connected to one of said posts and arranged to impinge at its free end against the other, and a cam, is, mounted in the top plate of the casing and adapted to force the free end of the spring into contact with the post.

22. The combination, substantially as despring at, attached directly to said block, and 10 scribed, of the upper plate, B, the connectinga moving carbon-carrier, against which said blocks secured to the under side thereof, the spring bears, so as to convey the electric curshort-circuiting spring connected to one ofsaid rent thereto.

blocks and the cam bearing a ainst the spring D and attached to a spindle pasging through the WILLIAM HOGHUAUSEN upper plate. Witnesses:

23. The combination, with a binding post H. O. TOWNSEND,

or block, M, for the main conductor, of the THOMAS TOOMEY.

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