US923496A - Combustion-engine. - Google Patents

Description

H. H. GUTLBR. COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED LIA'Y13,1907.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented June 1, 1909 A F1 0. I my 4 Z 3/ a Z fi H. H. CUTLER.

COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 13,1907.

Patented June 1, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. H. CUTLER. OOMBUSTION ENGINE.

- APPLiOATION FILED MAY 13, 1907. I Q23 496 Pa-tented June 1, 1909.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

H. H. CUTLER.

COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APELIOATION FILED MAY 13,1907. 923,496 Patented June 1, 1909. 4 SHEETS-$111331 ZM/ Wm, w

GEO

HENRY H. CUTLER, QF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN COMBUSTION-ENGINE specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 1", 1909.

Application filed May 13, 1907. 'Serial No. 373,329.

'To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY H. CUTLER, e

' citizen of the United States, residing at Miluseful Improvements or complication of parts.

ln carrying my invention into effect I preferably p'rnvidee cylinder capable of reciprocating movement, n-piston operating in said cylinder,inlet and exhaust controlling val es, and means for causing the cylinder 'tojiil rake one to and fro movement during every two such movements of the piston, the movements being so timed that the head of the cylinder is in close proximity to the top surface of the piston toward the end of the exhaust stroke, and distant therefrom to a suiiicient extent to allow enough compression space at the end of theicompression stroke, whereby perfect scavenging and compression are respectively obtained.

For the purpose of disclosing my invention I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings one form which the invention may take I f In said drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of two cylindhrs of 1111' explosive engine,

one of the cylinders being shown in section;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 3 Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of one of the engine cylinders Fig. 4 is a plan view of two engine cylinders; Fig. 5 is a sectional view of one engine cylinder showing the ar-' rangement of the ports; Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrammatic views showing the cycle of operation of one cylinder.

In the drawings I have shown two will be understood that my invention equally applicable to a. single cylinder eng ne.

In carrying out my invention each cylinder CV1. "lIlClBl'S of a multiple cylinder engine bntit is mounted upon a'crank casing 1 of the usual construction, the upper half "of-which ilS shown 'inFig. 2 and in which operates the crank shaft 2. Each cylinder comprises an outer or stationary cylinder 3 and an inner and movable cylinder 4. y

The stationary cylinder is open at the. top and bottom and is provided with a water jacket 5 of the usual construction which surrounds the seme. Suitable exhaust ports 6 are provided-in the sides of the cylinder 3. These ports consist of a. plurality of holes, preferably four, bored through the walls of the cylinder and adapted to communicate with the exhaust chamber 7 formed in the valve bonnet 8. The valve bonnet 8 is preferably formed of a. single casting common to all of the cylinders, and bolted or otherwise secured to the' sides of the stationary cylin ders 3. One end of the bonnet may be suit ably connected to the exhaust discharge through a suitable muffler as desired. A sec-'- 0nd or auxiliary exhaust 9 is also provided in the stationary cylinder-inthe form of a plurality of holes which are bored through the stationary cylinder at a point near its lower end and which communicate with the auxiliary exhaust valve bonnet 10 similar tot-he bonnet 8. Inlet ports 11, are also )royided in the stationary cylinder which likewise toke'the form of e, plurality of holes, preferably four, bored through the cylinder 3 and adapted to communicate with the inlet chamber formed in the inlet bonnet 12. The inlet bonnet like the exhaust bonnet preferably consists of a single hollow casting common to all the cylinders bolted or otherwise secured to the wells bf the stationary cylinders. This inlet bonnet is connected to the admission ipe 13 extending from a suitable fuel su'p i} The movalile cylinder 4 constitutes the operating cylinder of the engine and is provided with a head 14. The head is provided with suitable packing rings which prevent any of the gases, from escaping upwardly bet-ween the movable cylinder l and the stationary casing 3. The cylinder 4 isiprovided with exhaust ports 15 and 16 which take the the side walls of the cylinder adapted to register, when the cylinder 4 is in its exhaust position, with the cxlniustports 6 and 9 in the stationary cylinder 3. Intake ports 17 'nre also provided in the'sidc walls of the "cylinder 4 which, when the cylinder is'in ts admission or intake position, are adopted to form of a. plurality ofholes bored...through and cranks 28, the Working is approximately equal to cylinder operates inithe movable cylinder 4 and is connected with the crank 19 of the crank shaft by the usual piston rod 20.

The valves for controlling-the intake and exhaust of the engine preferably comprise a .Hlll of are shaped slides 21 and 22 interposed .retwcen the stationary cylinder and the movable cylinder. Each slide is about one third of the circumference of tliie cylinders so that there is left a short space )etween the stationary cylinder and movable cylinder. This space is preferably filled by two stationary segments 23 which may be separate from the cylinder 3 or may be formed inte grally therewith. The intake valve 21 is provided. with a plurality of ports 24 which, at the roper interval, are adapted. to register with the inlet ports 11 in t re stationary cylinder and the inlet ports 1? in the movable cylinder. EXh- aust ports 25 and 26 are likewise provided in the valve 22 which, at the proper nterval, r ister with the exhaust ports 6 and 9 in the stationary c 'linder and the exhaust ports 15 and 16 in tr e movable cylinder. In order that a proper compression space may be formed between the end of the piston 18 and the head 14 of the movable cylinder 4 and in order that after the explosion takes place and the piston moves to its exhaust stroke, the distance between the cylinder head and the piston may be reduced to a minimum to insure the discharge of all the burned gases, the movable cylinder is adapted to be moved. awayfrom and toward the piston as suit-able intervals. This movement also causes the proper registering of the inlet and exhaust ports of the movable cylinder with the inlet and exhaustports of the slation ary cylinder.

The movement of each movable cylinder is accomplished by a rotating crank sh aft 27, length of which rall" the distance i which it is desired to have between the lower face of the head 14 and the upper face of the piston 18, when the gases are compressed to the greatest extent.

I preferably rovide a lo shaft common to all the cy inders of cnginerprovided with a crank. for each arm able cylinder adapted to be connected to the head of the cylinder by a pitman 30. The shaft supported in journals 31 termed Hi tionary cylinders 3 and is driven by a s vrl gear 33 meshing with a bevel gear 34 of n vertical shaft 35 driven from the crank shaft of the engine, the gearing being such that the shaft 27 makes one revolution for every two revolutions of the shaft 2.

v The valves 21 and 22 of each cylinder are reciprocated by a. rocker arm 36, mounted upon a shaft 37. The shaft 37 is mounted in a bearing 38 formed in the brackets 32 and a single shaft'may support the arms for two brackets 32 secured upon the tops or the cylinders, an arm being mounted on ea ch end ol the shaft. One end ol' the arm is connected to the valve 2]. by a pair of lugs 39 bei l The rocker arm is operated from-a crank shaft 43, mounted 111 1ournals 44 formed-1n arms extending from the brackets 82. This -shaft extends over all of the cylinders and operates all of the rocker arms, where a plurality of eylinder'sjare; used. Each rocker arm is provided With a short extension 45: which is connected, by a in 46, to a itman 47 extending from a cranli $8 of the s aft 43 and, as-the crank shaft 43 is rotated, by a gear 49 keyed thereon and meshing With the' gear Wheel 50 mounted on the shaft 27, the rocker arm is caused to reciprocate the valves 21 and 22.

The ignition of the charge in each cylinder is effected by the usual spark plug 51fitted into the top of the cylinder 4. This plug, however, instead of being permanently connected with the spark coil 1s only connected during the i ni'tion of the charge. This is by the provision of a carbon 9 accomplishe mntact 51 upon the spark plug which, vhen the plug is moved upwardly With the cylinder, 4 is adapted toengage the stationary contact 53 connected with the spark coil.

Tlheperation of the engine is as follows: Assuming, for the purpose of describing the cycle of operation, that the charge has been exploded. and the burned gases exhausted and that the )iston is at the beginning of the intake stroke, then the parts are in the osition illustrated in Fig. 2, With the inovab e cylinder 4. in itslowermost position and the rocker arm 36 in substantially a horizontal-position. This leaves the exhaust valve 22 almost closed and the intake valve 21 aboutto open and exhaust ports 6 and 15 registering and the intake ports 11- and '17 registering. As the piston. moves downwardly, the valve 22 moves downwardly completely closing the ports 6 and 15 and the valve. 21; moves up vxardly opening the intake ports 11 and 17.

the same time the cylinder 4 moves upwardly but'as the movement of the valve 21 is more rapid it will have opened the orts 11 and 17 before the port 17 com etely the limit of its the end of the piston and the has'been reduced to'a minimum and all of ton has reached the end of its intake stroke and is ready to start on its compression stroke the parts are in the position illustrated in Fig. 3 with the valve 22 at the limit of its downward movement, the valve 21 at the limit of its upward movement, and the cylinder 4 intermediate of the limit of its strokes and moving on the up stroke. The piston now commences 'to move on its cor-1- pression stroke, the valve 21 commences to move downwardly and the valve 22 u wardly. When the )iston reaches the end of its compression stro e the parts are in the position illustrated in Fig. 6, with the cylinder 4 at the end of its up stroke, leaving a compression chamber between the cylinder head and the piston, and the valves 22 and 21 intermediate of the limits of their strokes. The charge now being exploded drives the piston downward. The valve 22 continues to move upward, the valve'21 downward and the cylinder 4 starts on its downward travel. When the 1piston reaches the end of its operating stro e the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 7, with the valve 21 at the limit of its down movement, the valve 22 at up movement and the cylinder 4 intermediate of the limit of its stroke and moving downwardly. The annular exhaust ports 9, 16 and 26 now register and part of the burned gases escape. As the cylinder 4 continues to move downward and the piston upward, the exhaust orts 6,15 and 25 register and the remaining urned gases are exhausted. The exhaust ports 6, 15 and 25 remain open until the piston reaches the upper limit of its stroke and the cylinder 4 reaches the lower limit of its stroke, or in the position shown in Fig. 2. It will be noted that during the exhaust stroke of the piston the head of the cylinder 4 moves toward the piston and by the time the piston reaches the imit of its exhaust stroke the space between cylinder head the burn ed gases have been forced out, leavingthe cylinder perfectly clear and ready for a fresh charge.

In Figs. 3, 6 and 7 I have shownthe valves 21 and 1.217s each" being connected with aneccentric'and have illustrated thethrow of the eccentric by a circle. I have also illustrated the throw of the eccentric for operating the removable piston 4 by a circle. I have adopted this method of illustration in order that the relative positions of the parts may he more fully and clearly understood.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a'combustiori inder, a piston movable therein, and positivcly actuated, means for moving the cylinder to vary the distance between its head surface of the piston at differengine, a movable cyl i l ent periods in the operation of the engine,

% efi'ected by said means.

' l 2. In a combustion engine, a movable cyli inder, a movable piston operating therein, and means for moving the cylinder toward 1 the iston as the latter moves on its exhaust 3 stro e and away from the piston as the latter moves on its compression stroke.

the movement of said cylinder being entirely 3. In a combustion-engine, a movable cyl- 5 ton operating therein, and positively actuated means for moving the movable cylinder to vary the distance between its head and the upper surface of the piston at different periods in the o eration of the engine, the movement of tie cylinder being entirely effected by said means.

able piston operating in the movable cylinder, and positively actuated means for moving the movable ,cylinder toward the piston as the latter moves on its exhaust stroke and away from the piston as the latter moves onits compression stroke. a

6. In a combustion engine, a movable ''l*, inder, a piston movable therein, and means for-moving the cylinder in the same direction I as the simultaneous movement of the piston during a portion of the movement oi the latter.

7. In a combustion engine, a stationary cylinder, a movable cylinder therein, a movable piston o crating in the movable cylinder, positive y actuated means for moving the movable cylinder, and intake and exhaust aperture controlling valves located between said movable cylinder andsaid stationary cylinder.

L'cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports therein, arc-shaped controlling valves. located between the stationary cylinder and therein adapted to register with the inlet and exhaust apertures of the stationary and movable cylinders, a piston in the movable cylinder, and automatically actuated means for eii'ecting the movement of the controlling y valves. 4

9. In a combustion engine, a movable cylinder'and a stationary cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports therem, a pistonmovablc I in the movablecylmder, positively actuated therein; a movable cylinder in the stationary cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports' I means for moving the cylinder to vary the 5. In a combustion engine, a stationary 7 cylinder, a movable cylinder therein, a mov- '8. In a combustion engine, a stationary the movable cylinder and having apertures distance between its head and the upper surface of thepiston at different periods in the operation of the engine, arO shaped controlling valves located between the stationary cylinder and the movable cylinder and having apertures therein adapted to register with the inlet and exhaust apertures of the stationary and movable cylinders, and auto matically actuated means for controlling the movement of the valves.

10,111 a combustion engine, t11\()'v'ill)l6 cylinder, a spark plug carried thereby and having a con-tact member, a piston movable in the cylinder, positively actuated means i'ormoving the cylinder to vary the distance between its head and the upper surface of the piston at different periods in the opera tion of the engine, and a fixed contact memher adapted to engage the contact member of the spark plug during a portion 01 the movement of the movable cylinder.

ll. In a combustion engine, a stationary cylinder, a movable cylinder therein, a spark plug carried by the movable cylinder and having a contact member, a movable piston operating in the movable cylinder, positively actuated means ior'moving the movable cylinder toward the piston as the latter moves on its exhaust stroke and away from the piston as the latter-moves on its compression stroke,

and'iacontact member supported by thesta- I exhaust and auxiliary exhaust ports of the cylinder.

13. In a combustionengine, a movable" cylinder having inlet, exhaust and auxiliary exhaust ports therein, a piston-movable in the movable cylinder, positively actuated means for moving the cylinder to vary the distance between its head and'the upper surface of the piston at-difi'erent periods in the operation ot the engine, and means for controlling the'inlet, exhaust and'auxiliary e x- I haust orts of the cylinder.

14. n a combustion engine, a stationary cylinder having inlet, exhaust and auxiliary exhaust ports therein, a movable cylinder operating therein and having inlet, exhaust and auxiliary exhaust ports adapted to register With the correspondin ports of the stationary cylinder, a movable piston operating in the movable cylinder, positivel Y actuated means for moving the movable cy inder, and

a valve for controlling the ports of: the etationary and movable cylinders, located be tween said movable cylinder and said stationary cylinder.

15. In a combustion engine, a stationary der, a movable piston operating in the .movable cylinder, positively actuated means for moving the movable cylinder toward the piston as the latter moves onits exhaust stroke and away from the piston as the latter moves on its compression stroke, and valves,located between said movable cylinder and said stationary cylinder, for controlling the ports thereof.

16. In a combustion engine, a plurality of stationarycylinders, movable cylinders therein, movable pistons operating in the movable cylinders, positively actuated means for moving the movable cylinders to vary the distance between their heads and the upper surface of the pistons at different periods in the operation of the engine, intake and exhaust aperture controlling valves in said movable cylinders and said stationary cylinders, and a single means for operating all of said valves actuated from said cylinder inoving means.

17. In a combustion engine, a movable cylinder, a movable piston, -means for moving the cylinder toward the piston as the latter moves on its exhaust strokc and away from the pistonas the latter moves on its compression stroke, and an auxiliary exhaust valve andmain exhaust valve, said auxiliary exhaust. valve being ad aptcd to be automatically opencd as the piston reaches the end of its explosion stroke, and said main exhaust valve being adapted to be opened as the piston moves on its exhaust stroke.

18. In a combustion engine, a movable cylinder, a movable piston, positively actuated mea'nsfor moving the cylinder toward the 'iston as the latter moves on its exhaust stro e and away from the piston as the latter moves on its compression stroke, and an auxiliary exhaust valve and main exhaust valve, said auxiliary exhaust valve being adapted to'be automatically'o ened as the corresponding ports of the stationary cylinpiston reaches the end of its exp osi-on stroke,

and said main exhaust valve beingnaidapted to be openedas the piston moves onits exhaust stroke.

19. In a combustion engine, a movable -cylinder, a movable piston, means for moving the cylinder toward the piston as the latter moves on its exhaust stroke and away from the piston; as; the latter moves on its: compression stroke, an auxiliary exhaust valve and a main exhaust valve, and posi-j tively actuated nieans for opening said aux-q iliary valve as the piston reaches the end its explosion stroke and for opening said main exhaust valve as the piston moves on its exhaust stroke.

20, In a combustion engine, a movehle cylinder, a movable piston, positively ectuzit-ed means for moving the cylinder toward the piston as the letter moves on its exhaust stroke and away from the piston as the latter moves on its compression stroke, a. main exhaust valve and an euxiliery exhaust valve, end pl'qsitively actuated means for moving said auxiliary exhaust valve es the piston reaches the end of its explosion stroke and for opening ssidmoin exhaust valve as the piston moves on-its exhaust stroke.

In a combustion engine, a movable cylinder, a movable piston, means for I11OV- ing the cylinder toward the piston as the lotter moves on its exhaust stroke and away from the piston as the latter moves on its compression stroke, and positively actuated exhaust and intake valves.

22. In a Combustion engine, a movable cylinder, a movable piston, positively actueted means for moving the cylinder toward the )iston 8,8 the latter moves on its exhaust strolie and sway from the piston as the latter moves on its compression stroke, and ositively actuated exhaust and'inteke va ves.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two wit nesses.

HENRY H. CUTLER.

Witnesses 'l. E. BARNUM,

h. S. WILHOIT.

Images