US1007278A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

F. L. DYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1906.

Patented Oct. 31, 1911.

6 SHEETS$HEET 1.

Invemar:

F. L. DYER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1906.

Patented Oct. 31, 1911.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2.

In ventmra A-ttest:

F. L. DYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1906.

Patented Oct. 31, 1911.

6 SHEETSSHEET 3.

In ventar F. L. DYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1906.

1,007,27 Patented 0ct.31 1911. s SHEETS-SHEET 4.

.J 3 7 y 6' v V X J1 Y I i F. L. DYER. INTTFERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION TILED SEPT. 20, 1906.

Patented 001;. 31, 1911.

6 SHEBTS-SHEET 5.

F. L. DYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1906,

LOOYfimB Patented Oct. 31, 1911.

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Toall whom it may concern:

i c it 'known that IQFRANK L.- DYEn a citizen of the United States, and a resident Qtate of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful'Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the followng'is a description.

My invention-relates to internal combusnon engines wherein a plurality of cylinders are used, each of which normally opertesas a'four-cycle internal combustion engine-and which are so arranged that. the power stroke occurs at a different time in e ach, so as to provide apraetically continu- Ious application of power to the main shaft.

My invention has for its object the previ- 75 not means whereby such an engine may befreadily started or gotten into operation, 3 29,-wi'1ich means consist more particularly of leviceswhereby each cylinder may be con ng to admit air at the be inning of every forward or downward stro e of the piston, allowing the same to expand as the piston advances and then exhausting during the return or upward movement of the piston.

- My invention has for its further object the application of such a device to a. multi- ,130f'ple cylinder engine so that all the cylinders 'may be thrown into operation together as f compressed air engines, and the said -cylin ,l dersniaythen be converted one by one into -fi1iders.

. and claimed. 7

Reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in Which- Figure 1 is .a plan view of a four-cylinder engine constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the Jsame; Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional detail view of the valyefor admitting explosive mixture to.

- one of the cylinders and represents also. the

construction of the exhaust valve; Fig. 5 is a similar view of the valve for "controlling the admission ofcompressed air into the cylcertain parts of the mechanism for operatsTATns ATENT Ionic. i

" FRANK L. DYER, or MGNTGLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

I Specification of Letters Patent. Application-filed September 20, 1906. Serial No. $35,381.

1 of Montclair, in the county of Essex and verted jinto a compressed air engine operat-.

iioijinally operating internal combustion cylis a perspective view showing msnunn-comnusrrou ENGINE.-

Patented Oct. 31, 1911'.

ing the "elves of a single cylinder; Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic'view illustrating the relative positions of the four istons and cranks of theengine; Fig. 8 is a cliagrammatic view illustrating the respective shapes and positions of the cams carried by the controller shaft by which myinvention is thrown into and out'of operation; Figs. ,9, 10, l1 and 12 are diagrammatic views, each of which represents the cams which operate the valves of a, single cylinder; these figures taken together represent. simultaneous positions of all the cams used in operating the. valves of the four cylinders. J

The engine illustrated comprises four cylinders a, Z), c and d which are bolted to a crank case 2 in the usual manner and each of which is provided with a piston f and connecting rod 9' secured to a crank on-the main shaft 7a the relative arrangements of pistons and cranksbeing that Whichis usual in a four cylinder engine of this type, that is, the cranks arcplaced at intervals of 90 clegrecs around the crank shaft {see Fig. 7).

Each cylinder provided with an inlet port 1 closed by a valve Any form of valve may he used but I form of puppet valve having a stem 3, as shown in Fig. 4. The inlet pipe '1 draws its supply of explosive mixture in the usuai manner. Each cylinder is provided with an exhaust a which is cioscd by a valve similar to that shown in Fig. 4, and provided with a verticalsteiu 5. Each cylinder is also provided with an auxiliary valve 6 which is adapted to admit compressed air' to the cylinder from a pipe 7 which is'in communication with a compressed air reser oir. The valve (3 inav be a balanced valve asiilustrated in Fig. 5 wherein a series of ports 8 surround a piston 9 which provided with longitudinal openings 10 and packing rings 1 The piston 9 is threaded on a vertical rod 12 which extends inward as shown.

Each of the rods 3, 5 an 12 for operating the valves is surrounded by a coil spring 13 for holding the valve normally in a closed position. The cam shaft 14 is driven from the main shaft It at exactly half the s eed of the latter in any suitable manner, as y a chain 15 passing over sprockets 16, and 17. This shaft carries four cams for each cylinprefer the usual 35 diatelybelow the plunger 19 The plate-26 deror l6 cams for the four cylinders,namely, cams 1, 1}, 1. and 1 for operating the four inlet valvesj 252 2 and .2 for operating the auxiliary compressed air'valves and 3 5 .4, 3 4;", 3, 9,3 and for; operatin the exhaust valves. Each of these cams ars against a friction roller 18,'carried by a vertical plunger which slides in abearing frame 20 and is held against rotation bya pin21 passing through aslot 22in the plunger, The valve operating mechanism is the same for each cylinder, so it will suffice to describe that shown ind et-ail, in Fig. 6', which isthe mechanism of cylinder 4. i The plunger19 is operated by the-plunger 'l9 by 2, 19? by 3 and 19 by 4:. Springs ,23 are provided for holding each of. the rollerslS against its respective cam. The valve stems 3, l2 and 5 carry at 20 their upper end plates 24, and 26 respectively. Upon the plate 24 are lugs .27 between which is ivoted a link 28 which extends upward t erefromand ispivoted at 29 to one end of a link 30. The-otherend' T25 of the link 30 is ivoted. upon a horizontal pin or shaft 31 w i'ch is supportedfrom the frame 20 by means of links 32 depending from brackets or lugs 33 integral with or secured to said franie. The plate 25 is pro- 30 videdwith lugs 34; to which is pivoted-a;

link 35. The upper end of the'link 35 is pivoted to a link \36' which is pivbted, on the pin3l. The plate 26 i's providedwith a vertical lug 39 whose upper. end is immes the cam 1 is provided with a lug40 to which is pivoted a link 41 whose upper end is pivoted to a link 42 which is pivoted'ronthepin ari The arm 37 which is intc' 'lal with one offirearms 32 enfcnds toward thecontroller shaft 43 and carries a roller 44 for .engage-' ment with one ofthe cams-5"- on saidshaft" (see Fig.3? the roller beingheld against said cam )y' any suitable means, as a- 46 spring .51. The controller shaft '43 is provided with one cam for each cylinder,- namcly cams 5, 5", 5 and 5 The outline'of each cam is different, as shown most'clearly in Fig. 8, which 50 shows. also the respective positions-ofthe difi'erent cams. These cams are provided for the purpose of producing certain changes in the operation of the valve mechanism'for each .cylinder, clearly illustrated in Fig.- 6. It will be observed that as the shaft 43 is .rotated the cam5 acting upon the'roller 44 and arm 37 moves the pin 31 in a direction away from the shaft 43, the said arms 32sw1nging'on their pivots so as to permit such movement, and by reason of this movement the upper end of the link 28 is carried back-from under the plunger 19 so that the valve stem 3 will no longer be operated thereby. -At the same time the link e res .35 is carried'under'the plunger 19 so that the valve stem 12w'hich was formerly i will now be operatedzby the said plung Likewise the link 41 will be carried imr diately below the 'lunger 19 while the a 39 remains in its ormer position below 1 plunger 19 sothat the valve stem 5 is n operated alternately b plungers- 19 a '19. The'up er ends 0 the links 28, 35 a 41 are bevel 'as shown in order to cause i link to be pressed downward (as it is' turn on its pivot)-bywhichever plunger is in sitlon at that time. In'this n position 0 parts, therefore, the valve 1 admitting explosive mixture to the cylint remains permanently closedand each cylf der operates as .a single. acting compress air' engineiadmitting compressed air at t beginning of each stroke, cutting the sai oil'- after a. slight movement of the pistt expanding the same and then-exhausti duri the return of the piston, the 'exhai valvh heing operated alternately bythe ca] 3? and 4, so as to be opened each time t piston has completed its. forward movemei When the parts are in the'position show the .plun er 19 will operate the valve ste 3 throng the link 28 the plunger 19 w moveidlysince the link 35 is out of itspat the plunger 19 will operate the valve ste 5. through the arm 39; and the plunger 1 will operate idly since thelink i1 is out its path. The cylinder will therefore ope ate as a .four-cycle conibustion engine.

- Sinoethe cams 5f, 5", 5 and 5 are of tl shapes and relative positions shown in Fi 8 it is obvious that amovement of the can in the direction indicated'by the arrows wi simultaneously convert the cylinders a, b, and (2 into single acting compressed air e1 gins and since the cranks ofthe main sha are set at intervals of degrees one of H pistons will be at or near the beginning its stroke so that the compressed air ente ing the cylinder will start the engine, an as, the other cylinders successively come inl operation the engine will continue to ope) ate and will gain speed very rapidly. A soon as the desired speed has been obtaine the movement of the shaft 43 is'continue and the cams 5*, 5, 5 and 5 thereupon su cessivelyrestore the valve mechanism c each cylinder to the position of Fig. 6 when by the cylinder is converted from a con pressed air engine to -a four-cycle interns combustion engine. The cams are so shape that the'cylinder (l 'will first be converted then the cylinder 0, then the cylinder 6 on then the cyliuder'a. Tn practice, since ,th engine will gain speed very rapidly, the 0p eratorwvill give the controller shaft '43 continuous movement and at the end of on complete revolution the engine will be i1 normal operation as a'four-cyclc interna combustion engine. The controller shaft 4 also carries a cam 5 scc Figs. 2 and 8i which operotw a roller l5 end plunger do tor controlling the compressed air supply of the pipe 3 by means of it suitable valve locsted st. in the said pipe. 'tllhis vslve will be closed when the cum 5 is in the po sition shown in Fig. 8 which represents the. 'urrongoinent (HE ports when the engine is operetinp; as on internal combustion engine. In roll other positions oft-he cont 5 the vslve 50 will be open for supplying the cylinders with compressed -air through the pipe 7-.

A .lti svin'g-no-w described my invention, when "l claim us new end desire to secure by Letwant is es follows:

1. In on intecnul combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, having s pi"- ton, and inlet end exhaust valves, and menus for operating suid exhale-it volve utthe end of every even numbered forward stroke of the piston, and means for operating said inlet valve, of en auniliery valve for admitting compressed stir to the cylinder at every forward piston stroke, and moons tor deer-sling the some, and auxiliary means in dependent of said exhaust valve operating; means for operating said exhaust valve at. the end of every odd numbered 'lorwnrd piston. stroke, and means for simultaneously rendering inope 'ative the inlet valve operating means, and rendering operative the compressed air valve operating means and auxiliury exhaust valve operating menus, while leaving in operation the main exhaust valve operating means, substantially as set forth.

.2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder and piston, an errlocust valve, mechanism for operating said valve at the end of every olterncte forwardstroke of the piston, at second me hanism for operatin said valve and acting alternately with sci A first mechanism, a member pivoted to.said alve, and means for turning said member-on" its pivot so as to bring it into the path of the second i'nechanism to thereby operate the valve, substantially as set forth.

3. In a multiple cylinder internal combu tion engine having a plurality of cylinders greater than two, the combination with the cylinders, pistons and exhaust valves, of mechanisms for o ierat-ing said exhaust valves at the end oi alter-note forward piston strokes, nuiriliary'meehenisms operating alternately with sold first mechenisms, novable members, and means for simultaneously moving suid movable members into the paths of the'eusilinry mechanisms and for succsssively moving said movable members out of the paths of said auxiliery mechanisms, substantially as set forth.

i. in a multiple cylinder internal combos tion engine, the combination with the cy1intill tiers, pistons and exhaust valves, of mechenisms for o crating said exhaust valves at the'end of a tomato torvverdpiston strokes, eu'silin y mechanisms operating alternately with the first named mechanisms, movable members on said wives, and means for si .multoneously moving said movable members into the paths of the auxiliary mechanisms rand for successively moving said vniomble members out of the paths of said auxiliary mechanisms, substantially as set forth.

5. lln an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, piston, inlet valve, means for operating said valve at every second forward stroke of the pf ton, an auxiliary valve for admitting compressed air to the cylinder, mechanism for operating said auxiliary valve at every forward piston stroke and a member connected to said auxiliary valve and movable into and out of the path of said. mechanism, substun daily as set forth.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, piston, inlet valve and means for operating said valve at every second forward stroke of the piston, on aux iliary valveior admitting compressed air to the cylinder, mechanism for operating said auxiliary valve at every forward piston stroke, a inen'iber pivoted to the auxiliary valveand means for turning said member on its pivot to bring it into and out oi the path of said" mechanism, substantially set forth.

7. In it multiple cylinder internal combos t-ion engine having a plurality oi? cylinders greater than two, the combination with the cylinders, pistons, inlet and exhaust valves, means for normally operating sat-id valves as in o. four-oycle engine, an auxiliary valve for each cylinder for admitting compressed air thereto, mechanism for operating said our: iliury valves, members movable into and out of the path of said mechanisms and means so positioned as an actuation to move said members simultaneously into and successively out of the paths of said mechanisms, substantially set forth.

8. In on internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a cylinder, having a pis-- ton and fuel inlet and exhaust. valves, of means for normally operating said valves as in a four-cycle engine, auxiliary valve for admitting compressed air to said cylinder when said valve is operating, :1 compressed sir supp y pipe, a valve therein, and means for simultaneously opening suid lust numed valve and so controlling said other valves as to convert the cylinder into it two cycle compressed air engine, substantially asset forth.

9. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination with cylinders having pistons, and fuel'inlet and exhaust valves, of means for normally operating said valves as in o four-cycle. engine, an auxiliary valve for each cylinder for admitting compressed oir thereto whensaid valve is open sting, e compressed airsupply pipe for sup:

com?

plying compressed air to all said cylinders, a valve therein, and means for simultaneously opening said last named valve and so controlling said other valves as to convert said cylinders into two-cycle com ressed air engines, substantially as set fort 10. Inan internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, of valves and valve actuating mechanism therefor designed to operate as a four-cycle internal combustion engine, an auxiliary valve for said cylinder, means for actuating 'said valves,- a rock shaft and a revoluble shaft, both axially immovable, and means interposable betweenthe said valves and valve actuating means, connected to said rock shaft andcontrollable from said other shaft for operating said cylinder as a four-cycle internal com ustion engine or converting it into a two-cycle fluid pressure engine, substantially as set forth.

11. A plurality of internal combustion motors arranged side by side, a main shaft commomto said motors, a shaft parallel to said main shaft, an actuating crank therefor, valves and valve actuating mechanism for the motors designed to operate the same as four cycle internal combustion engines, an auxiliary valve for supplying compressed air, members pivoted to allthe valves and movable under the control of the second named shaft, into and out of the paths of -said valve actuating means, and operating when moved within the paths thereof to convert the motors into two cycle fluid pressure engines, substantially as set forth.

12. In a multiple cylinder internal combustionengine, ,the combination with the,

cylinders, pistons, inlet and exhaust valves, means for normally operating said valves asin a four-cycle engine, an auxiliary valve for each cylinder for admitting compressed air thereto, mechanism for operating said auxiliary valves, members movable into and out of the paths of said mechanisms and OfSflld vo erating means, connectlons'from said mem ers, and a revoluble member coacting therewith toso move said members as to-convert said cylinders simultaneously into two-cycle compressed ,air engines and to successive] reconvert them one at a time into four-eye e engines, substant ally as set forth.

- 13. In a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, the combination with the cylinders, pistons, inlet and exhaust valves,

means for normally operating said valves as in. a four-cycle engine, an auxiliary valve for each cylinder for. admitting compressed members, and a revoluble member co-acting therewith while being rotated continuously for one revolution to so move said members as to convert said cylinders simultaneously into two-cycle compressed air engines and to successively reconvert them one at'a' time into four-cycle engines, substantially as set a0 forth. v

14. An engine com rising a plurality of cylinders, each cylin er havin valves and actuating mechanism therefor or operating said cylinder as a four cycle internal com 5 bustion engine, and also valves and actuating mechanism therefor'for operating said 7 cy inder as a compressed air engine,and converting means applied to each cylinder for simultaneously rendering operative one 30' of said actuating mechanisms and rendering inoperative the other of said actuating mechanisms, the converting means for one cylinder being movable independently of the corresponding means for the other e linder or 35 7 cylinders, substantially as set fort 1.

15. An engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder havlngvalves and actuating mechanism therefor for operating said cylinder as a four cycle-internal combustion engine, and also valves and actuating mechanism therefor for operating said, cylinder as a compressed air engine, convertr 7 ing means applied to each cylinder for simultaneously rendering operative one of an, said actuating mechanisms and renderinginoperative the other of said actuating mechanisms, the converting means for one cylinder being movable independently of the corre spending means for the other cylinder or 106 cylinders, andcommon means for control ling the movement of each of said converting means, substantially as set forth,

16. An engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder'havin valves andactuating mechanism therefor or operating said cylinder as a four cycle internal com-Y bustionengine, and also valves and actuatin mechanism therefor, for operating said cy inder as a compressed airengine, conno verting means app led to each cylinder for simultaneously "rendering operative one of said actuating mechanisms and rendering inoperative the other of'said actuating mechanisms, the convertin means for one eylinder being movable in e endentl'y of the corresponding means for t e other cylinder orcylinder-sand common means for control 1mg the movement ofeach of said converting means,-said controlling means-causing 12 the cylinders to be converted simultaneously into compressed air engines and successively into internal combustion engines, substan tiall as set forth.

' 1 In an internal combustion engine, the 123;

combination of a cylinder and piston, an exhaust valve, mechanism for operating saidvalve at-the end of every alternate forward stroke of the iston, mechanism operatin alternately we and independently of said 186 i first mecheinism, and a member movable ilit'o speeifioationsigned and witnessed a position between said second mechanism this 18 day of September, 1906.

and said valve to cause it to operate the said FRANK L T,

valve, said movement being-made without i 5 affecting the operative connection of said Witnesses:

firstmechanism andyalve, substantially as ANNAR. Knew;

set forth. v FRAN D. LEWIS. I

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