US923146A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

c. G. CURTIS. ELASTIC FLUID' TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED 111113.30, 1903.

` Patented June y1, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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' ZIK? C. G. GUET/IS.` ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE. APPLIOATION'FILED JUNE so, 1903,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Attorneys o. G. CURTIS. ELASTIG FLUID TIURBINE. APPLICATION FILED yJUNI? 30,1903.

Patented June 1, 1909.

a SHEETS-suma.

` K lWitnesses:

e UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE.

f CHARLES G. OURTIS, or' New YORK, N. Y., ASSIGN'ORRY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,r A' CORPORATION or NRW YORK. .l

" borough of Manhattan, city of New York,-'

Fluidy Turbines, of W description.

nLAsirio-Irrsinn'y TURBINE.

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. CURTIS, a citizen yof the United States, residing in the State of vNew York, have invented acertain new anduseful Implrovement Vin Elasticich the following is a My improvement irelates to compound 'elastic luid turbines ofthe jet type. LIts yobject -is to -produce simpleand effective means for 'compounding t e action of the elastic fluid jet upon a s ingle'annular setgof movable vanes.

` In carrying out the invention I'arrange at different circumferential points opposite the sectional nozzles.

annular set of' movablevanes two or more These nozzles I prefer to be ofthe same general character described in my Patent No. 700744, each'of these nozzles beinerr composed .of ay number of complete rnozzle sections havin l the same form and at their dischargeends, streams from ad]ace`nt sections merge into a angle of the iiui jet yto the same set .of movable' vanes. Op osed to each sectional' nozzle s ceive from the vane spaces s delivered to suchs aces by the nozzle `on the other side of the w eel, is a sectional receiving hood made in the form of a reversed` sec converting the residual except the on rthe opposite side of the wheel so as to re-.

tional nozzle, the sectionsl having each a throat and an enlarged chamber or bowl for velocity of the elastic fiuid into ressure. Thesections of the f receiving hood) are set at a greater angle than those of thedeliveryl nozzle, and this angle is madegreater in thetwo or more receiving hoods ,'so as toreceive the elastic uidat ,ap-

' proximately'the same angle at which it is discharged fnorn .the vane spaces. Theangles of 'the-receiving nozzles will'depend some! rwhatupon the distribution of the work and can be best determined by experiment.y

Each .sectional receiving hood. is 'connected ywith the 'next succeeding sectionall deliver'T delivery and rought close together so that the jetsor' ast one of the series, and locatedy the elastic fluid residual of 'which includes one or more sections of the nozzle by a' number of pipes conduits each Patented .rune 1, 1909.

hood and nozzle, and the irst delivery noz'- zle has its ysections divided between two or more supply chambers which are opened and closed by valves under the .controlpf thel ov'-y ernor. Opposite the last deliveryr nozz e of the series is the exhaust opening of-the turto an atmospheric or vacuum exf bine leading haust, or,v '1n thecase ofl a stage ex ansion machine, to the delivery nozzle of t e next" stage of the turbine. By the .employment of divided delivery nozzles and receiving hoods and divided` connecting passages between the receiving hoods andthe delivery nozzles,

vthe jet of elastic iluid is vmade moreeffective in its'action on the vanes, and, further than this, the cutting oil of more or less sections of the first delivery nozzle by thegovernor resuits in cutting oil 4corresponding portions of the succeeding nozzles.` f

The preferable arrangement -of theapparatus isone in which the iirst delivery nozzle is 'an expansion nozzle roducing a conversion ofpressure into ve ocity which reduces" the pressure down to `or nearv that of the'exhaust Opposite the last delivery nozzle of the series so asito insure the effective ow of the 1 elastic fluid. n The-elastic Huid jet'will there'- fore be ,delivered by the first nozzle to the vane spaces with the full velocity for which the turbine or turbine unit is designed. Since this velocitywill be only'partially eX- tracted bythesing'le passage throu h 'the vane spaces, the fluid will be received diy the rst receiving hood fwith considerable` residrual velocity, which will be converted into pressure by which forms that receivingjhoo'd. The fluid jet will lbe conveyed from the first 'receiving hood to the second sectional delivery nozzle by the several connecting pipes or conduits,

the reversed sectionalfnozzle and the secondv deliverynoz'zle will again'- convert the pressureinto velocity, reducing .thepressure .at 4its discharge end -to a point near the exhaust pressure, 'and will deliver .the jet at-the pro er angle to Athefvane delivery nozzle will` spaces. The. secon havethe walls of. its vsections beyond'the Athroats parallel o'r approximately so, since onlya throat 'conversion of pressure into ye? locity will be,v required at this point; Th 'second receiving hood will receive the elastii fluid at the proper ang ve ocity into pressure, the elastic t,

leand will convert theV nozzle, which can be produced by reducing zles and hoods.

the pressure to near that of the exhaust'opposite the last delivery nozzle, the maximum work will be performed by` each passage of the elastic llu'id through the vane spaces. y Y' I In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a view largely diagramjillustrating an apparatus embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view more in detail illustrating the first delivery nozzle and the irst receiving hood; and Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating two delivery nozzles and two receiving hoods, a connecting conduit or pipe being employed for each sectionof the noz- Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, A is the annular set f movable varies, which are mounted upon a wheel in the ordinary manner and are caused to rotate inthe direction shown by the arrow. These vanes are shown as symmetrical in form because the iluid jet is delivered alternately to the vanes on opposite sides, but it is evident that unsymmetrical vanes could be employed and the delivery nozzles placed all on the same sideof the wheel. B is the first delivery nozzle, made in the form of a sectionahnozzle such as is described in my patent before referred to, having sections substantially alike in form and in angle of delivery and brought close vtogether at their discharge ends. The discharge ends a of these sections have diverging walls. Each section is provided with a throat b and with an enlarged bowl or chamber c anterior Vto lthe throat. Back of the bowl c' are a number of supply chambers C (four of such` chambers being illustrated). These suppl chambers connect` with the steam chest by openings which are closed by valves E under the control of. the governor. sections of the delivery nozzle Bhave the proper angle to deliver the elastic fluid eectively to the vane spaces. Opposite the nozzle B on the other side of the wheel areceiving end d, a throat e, and an enlarged bowl or chamber f. The sections of the receiving hood F convert the residual velocity into pressure, andthe `elastic luid is The conducted from this hood by a number of conduits-or pipes G, the number correspond* ing with the number of supply chambers C, so that the cutting off of any one of the supply chambers cuts oil the corresponding f pipe G'of the opposing receiving hood.

The receiving hood I1 is set sulliciently foi- Ward of the delivery nozzle B to compensate for the forward movement of the elastic fluid in passing through the vane s aces, and the angle at which the sections o the receiving hood are set is greater than ,the angle of the 'This second delivery nozzle is larger than the y iirst delivery nozzle accommodate the in creased volume of the iluid., this enlargement being produced by giving the second delivery nozzle a greater circumferential length, since the radial height of the vane spaces is the same. The sections of the second delivery nozzle have the same angle as those of the lirst delivery nozzle, but these sections have discharginoV ends which are parallel or approximately so, sincev the conversion of pressure into velocity produced by a throat action is suilicient. Opposite the second delivery nozzle His a second sectional receiving hood I similar to the sectional receiving hood F but of greater circumferential length and having sections set'at a greater angle. The divisions of the 'receivin hood I are connected Aby pipes K with t ie divisions of the third sectional delivery nozzle L, which is similar tothe nozzle H but has a greater circumferential length. Opposite the delivery nozzleL is the exhaust hood M leading to an atmospheric or vacuum exhaust or to the nozzle of another stage of the turbine if thc turbine has more than one stage.

In lfiU 3 the forni of the sections of Athe second delivery nozzle H and the second re ceiving hood .I is shown, but in this :figure each division of the delivery nozzles and receiving hoods is shown as having only one section.

`What I claim is:

1. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination with an annular set of movable venes, of two or more delivery' nozzles arranged to deliver the elastic iluid to the movable varies at diil'erent circumferential points', each of such nozzles converting pressure into velocity. and producing at its de ivery end a pressure near that of the exhaust opposite the last delivery` nozzle of the series, a 'receiving hood op osing each of said delivery nozzles except tlie4 last and. made in the forni of a reversed nozzle and converting the residu al ve locity of. the elastic iluid into pressure, and

passages connecting the' delivery nozzles and fiuid is delivered toand received from the set forth.

- as set forth. 2. i In an elastic fluid receiving hoods in succession, whereby the4 elastic iiuid will be passed throughthe set of inva-ble'vanes two or more timesin succession' and will perform the maximum work at each f passage therethrough, substantially turbine, the combination-.with an annular set of movable vanes, .of @passages the movable vane spaces two or more times ,in succession, such passages being divided at ,the the .'vanesiorminlg the nozzles at eac .substantially thesame ang [of such nozzles y converting velocityjand .producing at its pressure near conducting the elastic'uid through points of delivery of the elastic fluid to a sectional nozzle, all of point of' delivery being of le of delivery each ressure into elivery end -a that of th'e ,exhaust opposite i-'the'last deliveryn'ozz'le ofthe series.

` f varies, of passages i8. y'In an elastic fluid turbine, 'tion with in succession, such i y'the points where the elastic fini lfr'om thevanes forming a reversed sectional fiozzleipll of c ive7 cmg f ofldrdliver In an the combinaanannular' set of movable vanes, of passages 'conducting the elastlc iiuid through thermovable vane spaces two ormore timesv passages bein' divided at .1s received the nozzles at each point of de, of substantiallythe same angle substantially as lset forth I Y l elastic iluid turbine, the combination iwith. an annular set of movable conducting the elastic filuid through the movable vane spaces two vor' y,more times in succession,

being divid'ed'at the points where the elastic /vanes forming4 a sectional nozzle and a refversed sectionalnozzle, i

' eachpoint ol?` delivery being of substantially j substantially as p yvannes at-diflerent j sectional recelvi all of the nozzles at the same angle of delivery,

k5. vIn an elastic fluid turbine, the Vcombination with an annularset of movable varies, i.

or more sectional delivery nozzles arto-deliver the fluidv to the movable circumferential points, a hood made in the form ofV ay reversed sectlonal nozzle-.opposing each sectional delivery nozzle, and two or more of two rangedv conduitseachcpnnecting one or ymore sections rof each-se yone or ,'inore sections of the next sectional tional receiving hood with f delivery nozzle, such sectienil delivery nozzles and sectional receiving hoods being connected thereby 1nl succession, substantially as set forth.

6: In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination with an annular set of movable vanes,

of passagesA conducting the elastic fluid through the movable v'ane spaces two or more times 1n succession,- such passages V beingdivided at the points of delivery of the elastic iluid to the venes, the divisions form- -ing expansion nozzles, substantially as set` 6,5.

forth.

such passages 7. In an elastic iluid turbine, the combination with an annular4 set of movable vanes, of passagesl conducting the elastic fluid through the 'movable vane spaces two or more times in succession, such passages being divided at thepoints where the 4elastic liu-id is delivered to and received from the varies, such divisions forming expansion and reversed nozzles, respectively, vsubstantially as set forth. 1 .v v v 8. In anl elastic Huid turbine having/each. of the following features, namely: an expanding delivery passagewherebythe high pressure operating iiui is projected' against and through the spacesbetween. 'curved' traveling buckets afterhaving its energy of pressure -cbnverted into energy of motion, a

.converging receiving passagejwhereby the operating fluid after its traverse through said spaces is comp ressed and its energy. of motion convertedinto 'energy of pressure,a stationary pocket or. chamber which receives the so compressed fluid and is of greater! cross'sctional area than the small end of "said converging passage, and an expanding delivery passage whereby the fluid from said I pocketor chamber is dischar ed againSt and through another set of spaces etween curved Q traveling' buckets formingpart of the same Y compressed fluid and is of greater cross sectional area than the small end of said conpassage whereby the fluid rom said ocket or chamber is dischargted against'and t rough another set of spaces etween curved traveling. buckets forming part ofthe same series which includeslthe first mentioned buckets,

substantially asY described.

I 10. An elastic fluid turbine having each of the following' features, namely: a delivery ypassage whereby the high pressure operating uid 1s projected against and throu h the s aces between curved traveling buc ets, a p urality of converging passages whereby' the operating Huid after its traverse throughl said spaces is compressed converted into ener .of fessure, and a stationary pocket or c am er which receives v the so compressed fluid from said plurality of passa es and an expanding delivery passage where yl the fluid from said pocket or chamber is discharged against and through ,an-A other set of spaces between' curved traveling et'I verging passage, and an ex ending delivery j and its energy of motion buckets, forming part of the same series which includes the first mentioned buckets, substantially as described.

11. An elastic fluid turbine having each of the following features, namely: a delivery passage whereby the high pressure operating lluid is projected against and throughv the spaces between curved traveling buckets, a stationary pocket or chamber which receives the ,said fluid after its traverse through said spaces, and a plurality of expanding delivery passages whereby the fluid from said pocket or chamber is discharged'against and through another set ofspaces between curved traveling buckets, forming part of the same series which includes the first mentioned buckets, substantially as described.

' 12. elastic fluid turbine having each of the following features, namely: a delivery passage whereby the high pressure operating fluid is projected against and through the s aces between curved traveling buckets, a p urality of converging passages whereby the operating fluid after its traverse through said spaces is compressed and its energy of motion converted into energy of pressure, a stationary pocket or chamber which receives the said fluid after its traverse through said Spaces, and a plurality of expanding delivery passages whereby the fluid from said pocket or chamber is discharged against and through another set` of spaces between curved traveling buckets forming part of the same series whiehincludes the first `mentioned buckets, substantially as described.

13. In an elastic fluid turbine the combi- -nation with an'annular set of movable vanes, of passages conducting A the elastic fluid through the movable vane spaces two or more times in succession, such passages being divided at the points of delivery ofthe elastic fluid to the vanes and forming nozzles, the nozzles at the lirst point of'delivery increasing in cross section in the direction of flow, and the nozzles for the second and succeeding stages being of uniform cross section beyond the throat in the direction of flow.

14. In an elastic fluid turbine of the class described, the combination with a primary nozzle adapted to fully expand the coinpressed fluid to exhaust pressure before discharging it against the opposing vanes of the turbine wheel, of a number of consecutive l return bends of increasing size arranged alternately on each side of the turbine vanes and adapted to receive the fluid and to turn it on the vanes at the proper angle to the direction of motion ofthe same. s'

15. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination with an annular set of movable vanes, of passages conducting the elastic fluid through the movable vane spaces two or more times in succession, such passages being divided at the points where the elastic fluid is delivered to and received from the vanes, forming a sectional nozzle and a reversed sectional nozzle, the angle of the receiving sectionsbeing greater' than that of the delivery sections, substantially as set forth. I 1G. In ank elastic fluid turbine, the combination with an annular set of movable vanes,

of passages conducting the elastic fluid through the movable vane spaces two or more times in succession, such passages being divided at the points Where the elastic fluid is delivered to and received from the vanes, forming a sectional nozzle and a reversed sectional nozzle, the angle of the receiving sections being greater than that of the delivery sections, the angle being greater in the two or more succeeding nozzles, substantially as set forth.

17. In an elastic fluid turbine, the combination with an annular setof movable vanes, of passages conducting the elastic fluid through the movable vane spaces two or more times in succession, such passages being divided throughout their length, and having sectional nozzles and reversed sectional nozzles at each-extremity, allof the nozzles at each point of delivery .and reception being of substantially the same angle of delivery.v

18. InV an elastic fluid turbine, the combination with an annular set of movable vanes, of passages conducting the elast-ic fluid through the movable vane spaces two or more times in succession, such passages being divided throughout their length, and having at their extremities expansion nozzles and reversed nozzles.

This specification signed and witnessed this 23rd day of June, 1903.

n CHARLES G. CURTIS.

lvitnesses JNO. ROBT. TAYLOR, JOHN L. Lo'rscH.

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