US917123A - Centrifugal ore-separator. - Google Patents

Description

P. E. 3120K. CENTRIFUGAL ORB SEPAEATOR.

PECK. GENTRIFUGAL GRE SEPABATOR. APPLIoATiONfILED 00123, 190s.

Patented Apr. 6, 1969.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. f ieuinoisa ful Imp To itl may concern:

, Be it known that citizen lof the United in the county of Cook and State of4 have invented certain new and userovements in Centrifugal Ore-Sepaatrs-,of which the following is a specifica- 1011i Qhicag'o,

my applications for' `Ptnt, Serial No. 444,787, filedJuly 22, NOS. 453,526 and 453,527 'both'viled September 17, 1908, an the objects of my present invention are imm the separator.

the right side of Fig.

y g nient, 'the latter 'in p in a state vof vexpans larged cross section of a part of Fig. 1, on i line` 3-3 of-Fig. 1, looking lin the direction Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical. a part of i v AO the arrows.-

. cross section of lI vHector. vessel and expansible element, similar to such parts illustrated in Fig. 1 with the ei'rp'ansible elementlshown in place on inl a state of expansion with expansion liquid illustrated present in Fig. -5 is a section' simie 3, but4 showing the the side of the deflector, with the errp ithi'n the treatment vessel A, which is adapted to contain a body of liquid while in operation, I provide a deflector member to operate'in conjunction with the treatment vessel and separating surface in elfecting This deflector embodies a sup- M, which may also be in the form of a vessel and may be termed a deiiector vessel, and around the deflector vessel I providean expansible and contractible 'l the deflector vessel,

- of f pa-risible element ina pleteV contraction.

-tliewall ofgthe expansible element and an elevation ofthe edge of j ing means or strips, illustrating are associated. a art-of the wall of the expansible element with only ythe canvas means; the latter indicated in dotted lines,

operating position.

lit-r to Fig.

ragment ary section Fig.

'invention relates to centrifugal ore separators vof the general class described in in elevation.

sidedview of a part of the eX- v'risible element with the outer-layer of can- .vas ,and .elastic covering removed, showing .thereinforcing pieces 130 cross' section of the wall of the supporting *"-pa'rt of -the deiiector and the expansible lace on the former and Fig.` 6 shows'a vertical speciscaaoa or nettare Patent.

F. Pneu, 'a

I, PHILIP residing 'at States,

showing the ends loosely extended; showing a' portion forcing structure of is a cross section of United States Letters Fig, ,9 looking modified structure mena-the latter the defiector member and contractible ele- 1 is mainly a vertisepar'ator, also The left rating surface B,

erably having sible element removed The central portion of screw bolts D.

rotatable shaft E, in side elevation, and 2 illustrates a vertical eleion. Fig. S-is an enthe wal ment vessell annular opening in charge plugs K, upper corner terial and liquid of 'the canvas part of part of the reinforchow the two separation. 7 is a side'elevation of porting element and the reinforcing of the. wall of' the deflector,

of the expansible elev being of single, instead 'ofmultiple wall form, l ',of expansion with liquid illustrated present 4in 'operating position.

In making'my. improved centrifugal orev separator I provide a rotatable member or treatment vessel A., having asuitable sepaon its its lower end closed, and its upper en d contracted or partly closed by a flat ring C, secured to the vessel by suitable The vessel A., is securely and concentrically mounted on a vertical which lis supported in journal boxes F and G, respectively, con-y nected to a general f stepped at its lower end on an anti-friction bearing I, to support its weight and is provided with a belt pulley be rotated with a suitable belt (not shown) from any desired source of motive power.

Around the circum at the top of the treatment vessel, is proing operation. I also with a launder L, having an alinement with the disa'dapted to catch the madisoharged through thesev sureste.

l 'raten-teasers aises. 'Application aiedvotoberfa, 1ste. semaine.' esatto.

Fig.'

looking in lthe d'rection-of the arrow, and or edgesl of thecanvas Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the canvas and reinthe wall of the expansi- -ble element, somewhat modified. Fig. 10 Fig. 9, on line 10-10 of I in the direction ofthe arrows. Fig.,11 is a vertical cross section of a portion showing the and being'in a state inner Wall, and pref- H. The shaft is J, by which it may ference of the ring C,

vided a row of hollow discharge plugs Ii, through which material and liquid may be and the former sewedv'together inthe spaces "between the latter.

cross section of Fig. 7 online 8- 8 of Fig.' 7

-treatment vessel dursurround the treat vessel. I have formed and illustrated the expansible element with its ends extended `and flanged in toward the axis a sufficient vessel 'serving as its supporting means or' element. i The deflect'or vessel and the .expansible elementare made somewhat-smaller 1n diameter than the interiorl of the treatment vessel A, leaving aseparating passageY R, of ldesired size -between the separating surface and the exterior of the expansible element. The deiiector vessel is also made somewhat 4 shorter than the depth of the treatment vessel, to `permit of a-clearance space S, between 'the top of the deflector vessel and theunder side of the ringiC, as. Well asf a comparatively small space T, between the bottom of the deflector vessel and 'bottom of the 'treatment vessel.

vAround* the shaft EVI rotatably journal a substantial sleeve U, ofsuiiicient length and suitable proportions to extend fromnear the hubfl'n the bottom of the treatment vessel A, toa point somewhat above-the 'to of this vessel, andby means'of the hub in the deflector vessel, I rigidly secure the deiiector vessel to the lower end portion ofthe sleeve" U, and between the lower end of this sleeve and the u pperv end ofA the hub in thcvessel A, I interpose 1-\preferabl an anti-friction bearing upon which thes eevecarrying the deflector-vessel and expansible element may -b e rotated -diiferentiallylto the treatment vesself and 'separating surface.

At theupper end of the sleeve U, I provide a'belt pulley Y, by which rotation may be imparted to the 'sleeve and the partsdriven by it.-

`In the bottom of the deflector .vessel surrounding its hub W, I provide a suitably shaped'ring 2 forming a feed chamber 3, intoy which material for separation with liquid may "be fed` during operation. feed chamber extending 'down through the bottom of the deflector vessel I have pro,- lvided. a number-of holes or passages 4, for

the flow ofthe liquid and material from .the

feed chamber into thmy space T, en route'to the separating 4passagr for travel over the g separatingsurface. i. v 4

, t is importanty that the exterior circumferential surface 'of thel expansible element duringoperation, shouldconform to the contour of. the separating surface without arch-y ing or bulging inta Adirection transverse to the course of its rotation,'so as n'ot'to plow.

From the or gouge the bedding concentrates from-thc separating surface, and in order to' here best assist effecting separation of the material vunder treatment.

In the formation or structure of the ex' pan'sible element I provide stiff 'or rigid reinforcing means preferably 'in the form of metal strips v5, for preventing any damaging; ma-l l`terial arching or bulgingl of` the expansible element in a direction transverse to the course of rotatlon, and yet to enable a substan lal desired circumferential uniform and yielda le expansion, without material longitudinal extension wlthln the zones of the reinforcing strips.'I .'Io further this end; I employ a yieldable binder means or material to tie, 'iold or bind the reinforcing means together, and for-this pr ose I have-f used layers of vcanvas 6, lof suitalble weight and strength, to

'subserve vthe purposes desired, and I prefer to placel er 4*dispose one or more layers of the canvas .within the vzone of thel reinforcing strips-or means on each side of the said reinforcing'st'rips, laying the strip'ssubstal'itially parallel to the'axis of rotation, spacingthem a desired distance apart, and to sew, or otherwise secure -th'e layers of canvas to-Y gether within the -zones of the reinforcing means, preferably between the-reinforcing strips a's indicated by the dotted lines` 7 I then` preferably cover-the canvas-with rubber v as 4hereinafter explained. Itfis intendedfto provide these reinforcing strips, 'which are preferably of metal, of sufficientstiffness and with sufficient .frequency in the ex ansible element to-neces'sitate thecanva'san 'rubber' 4of'this element to be forced out while under. expansion vina substantially straight ,and even mannerwitliout arching or .bulging in a vdirection transverse to' the-:course of rotation.

I also prefer not have thesestrips extend in a 4single piece the' 'entire "length of the-'expansie ble. element,as itmay be advantageous to ex-` pand` one' circumferential area lor' vsection of- .tlris element, to 'a s omewliatgreater degree thanf'other'sectiona and I- therefore provide these reinforcing strips in-'several appropriate lengths.- to 'formfdliierent circumferential areas, 4zones o'r-sectiorls ofthe element N, as

, illustrated, which maybe expandedin relatively'varying degr es; 4 f In Figs."6-,v7, and 8, ofthe drawings I have illustrated some-of the reinforcing strips in 'vas being 'placed o nfop o site" sides yo f the strips .and thenjthe; two l) together longitudinally between' the' rein'-v forcing strips, which is Imy preferable form" of association and Ycc'nnnecton of these pt irt-l` -I then prefer tovulcanize a' layer o f coneiparaa' ayers being sewed las ln Figs. 6 and 7, the reinforcing strips are not illustrated asof full length, but 'are shown Yln the drawings I have shown the eX ansible member with a back or inside wa =8,'

making this element with double or multiple walls, having a liguid expansion chamber 9,

-means,-'t being adapted between them.v pansion element N complete expansion.

In Fig. 4 expansion liquid is shown in place in the deflector vessel and expansion chambers In Figs. 1, and 5, the expansible element isillustrated in a state of contrac-v tion.

As isillustrated, the expansible' element is shown in a state `ofthe back or inner wall of has no' reinforcing to rest against vthe exterior wall of the deilector vessel and this inner wall of the lexpansible element is secured to the;outer wall, preferabl bysewing the two together' circumferentially between the ends orzones of the reinforcing strips as shown, so that Which distends or inflates the expansion chambers 9, and carries the outer wall outn ward, it will occur that adjacent to where the two walls are sewed together, the inner Yall will``y`ield and be drawn or stretched somewhat outward from its position to contact with the supporting element, as especially shown in Figs. 2, and 4 at initial numeral 10, thereby partly compensating for the stretching at 11, ofthe outer wall which would otherwise be greatly augmented. This structure is further important as by the inner wall yielding and stretching as shown to accommodate expansion of the outer wall, lessening the depth of the grooves or depressions on the to such expansion, there will be provided the more desirable and effective operating frictional surface for the expansible element.

ln operation, it is intended that my separator be alternately adjusted to separate and accumulate a bed or load of concentrates, and then discharge them, and to this purpose the treatment vessel A, is first rotated at the desired rate of speed and the deliector member at a sufficientlyY different speed to best aid in effecting separation, and material for separation in a desired dilute state with liquid (preferably water) is introduced from a suitable source of supply by a feed pipe 1-2, into the feed chamber 3, thence passing, actuated by centrifugal force through the holes 4, and into the separating passage R. While traveling ythrough lthe separating passage the heavier portions, or concentrates, which it is desired to save, byreason .fully submerged. n Figs. 2, 3 and 4 the eX' ision during a state of eXpans1on,

outer surface consequent of proper relative adjustment of op'eaating parts, are separated and permittedto lodge or bed on the separating surface' while t e lighter portion or waste, is driven or move on over the separating surface and to discharge through the plugs K, and intothe launderfli, from whence it passes to final discharge through the opening L'. During operation' a sufficient quantity of liquid should be'introduc'ed to keep the separating passage lilled, thereby keeping -At the beginning of the operation, expanf liquid is introduced into the deflector4 vessel which vessel is divided intocornpartments by the internal ring partitions 13,1hy-

means of pipes 1 4, 15 and 16 respectively, and thence, actuated -by centrifugal. force part of this liquid is driven through the open--y ings 17, in the wall of the deflector vessel, into thefchambers 9, of the expansible ele pressure and effecting yieldable expansion the separating surface nient, thereby exerting yieldable expanding of said element to the extent desired forti-e ducing'the .separating passage to its minimum desired size for eecting separation at this time.. .As the o eration roceeds and the heavier material eds in t e se arativpg passage, contracting this passage, t sure of the liquid in this contracting forces the expansion element to assage tional space in the separating assage to ac cornmodate the accumulating ed of concentrates.

lf desired, and it is advantageous during this loadin period, liquid maybe remoned from the eflector vesselto lessenthe expanding pressure on the element N, by use.; ofthe scoop pipes their open scooping endsmovable'against the surface of the revolving body of expansion liquid in the deflector vessel, through the instrumentality of their slightly rotatable supe. parting rods, 21 22 and 23 respectively,

which rods have their' upper ends crooked -to serve as handles for their manipulation.

This separating or loading operation continues until the separating passage has. become sufficiently filled with bedded concentrates and4 the element N, has become contracted substantially to its minimum size. Then the feed of material for separation is temporarily discontinued byclosing. the valve 24, in the feed pipe, and the valve 25, is thenopened in the branch pipe 26, furnishing clean liquid from a suitable source of clean liquid supply, to the feed pipe 12,-.- the clean liquid then introduced instead of the feed of material, passes up throughV the separating passage in increased quantities, and at the same time the speed of rotation of the treatmentvessel is temporarily lessened, enabling the bedded concentrates to be more easily dislodged, and thel quantity. of eXpan e presecome. compressed or contracted, creating addi-- 18, 19 and 2 0, which have llt) Ait

sion liquid is'increased in t-lie delector vessel, thereby increasing the intensity of Washing friction of the expansible element, Whicliseveral changed conditions of operation serve to Aquickly dislodge and dischargel .the accum ullated bed or load of concentrates", leavingthe separator free from concentrates, ready/for separating .conditions to be restored andthe operation to-be repeated.

While I have shown and describtdmy expansible .element as embodyingl the reinforcing means seWed between layersof canvas, I-

do not Wish to confinel myself 'to this'speciiic material or form of association (ir-structure,

as c anva's pocketsfor insertion"y of the rein-- forcing strips ma be Woven 'inthe canvas' 'during its manu acture, or. if' desired the strips may be seWed or otherwise suitably secured to a .single layer of e'anvas,` or iny place ofthe 'canvasany4 other n'brous flexible material that will subserve the 'purposes required, maybe employed, andthe form of reinforcing means may be. varied.

In Figs. 9, l10-and 11 I have illustrated somewhatof a modification inistruc'ture of ymy expansible element, -Whichin these 'gtlires I have indicated by the j numeral .27.

Fig. 9. shows .a part of the canvas 28, forming the Wall of the' modification,l With the reinforcing strips 29, on it, held to place by seiv ing over the reinforcing' strip, there being canvas' only on one side. of' the strips.' {FigL 10 cross section, also showing /the structure like Fig. 9, and Fig. ll'shows this strucl ture ofwall complete With rubber onits sides and in a state of expansion, in 'place on a portion of tli'edeflector vessel wall 30, there being expanding liquid'present.' This inodif fication shows a single, instead of a double or multiple' Wall to the expansible element,

which is secured'iny place. on the c leffector `vessel 'by strands of Wire 31.

What I regard as neit7 and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In the combination of a centrifugal ore' separator having a rotatable treatment member Witha separating surface, -a differentially rotatable member, in part forming with the treatment member a separating passage, and embodying; an expansible and -contractible element comprising comparatively non -elastic reinforcing means, and' yieldable fibrousmaterial disposed Within the zone of the said reinforcing means-fthe twocombined and coierating in formation of vthe said element, a apted to operate between yieldably expanding and compressing forces, andto automatically yield to rela.-

tively varying pressure of 'said forces and.

means for subjecting the .expansible element tov saidyieldable expansion and. com# pression forces, .substantiallyas described.

2. In. thev combination of acentrifugal ore *tively non-elasticy reinforcing means, ifnultiple'strips or bars', yieldable fibrous map-'terial disposed within the zone of said strips separator having a rotatable treatment member With a separating surface, a differ'- x'e'ntially rotatable member, in part foi-ming `with the treatment member a se ar'atin passage', and embodyingan expan'siblean contractible element :comprising 'com ara# eing or bars' and elastic substancefethe three combined' and coperating information of the said element, ada ted to operate between yieldably expan ing and compressing forces, and to automatically yield to relatively v rying pressure pf said forces and means, the same time for subjecting the expansible element to the said forces, substantially as described.

3. In the combination of a centrifugal ore separator having lav rotatable` treatment member with a separating surface, .a differ` entially .rotatable member, in part forming with the treatment member aseparating passage, and embodying an expansible and contractible efement comprising com ara tively nonfelas'ticreinforcing means, eing multiple strips -or bars, yieldable fibrous material disposed on opposite sides-of said strips or bars', vand elasticv substance,-the

three combined and cooperating in forma-47 member with a separating surface, a differ-f entially rotatable member, in part forming with the treatment member va separating passage, and'embodying an expansible and contractible element comprising coinY aratijvely non-elastic reinforcing means,- eing' multiple strips *or bars, yieldable. fibrous materialdisposed on opposite sides of said strips or bars' and 'secured together between them, and elastic substance,-the. three combined and coperating in formation of the said. element, adapted'to operate`between yieldably ex anding and compressing forces, and to yie d to relativelyf-varying pressure of said forces, substantially as described;

5. In the combination of a centrifugal ore .separator having av rotatable treatmentA member with' a separating surface, a differentially rotatable member, in part forming With-"the treatment' member' a' separating passage, 'and embodying an expansible and contractible element comprising comparatively non-elastic a reinforcing means, and

cunas yieldable ibrousfabric disposed within the zones of the reinforcing means and on oppo- Asite sides of said meansr-'the two combined and cooperating in formation of the said element, adapted to-operate between yield-' 'separator having. a' rotatable, treatment member with a separatingsurface, a differj c ontractible element comprising com tivelyr 'nonfelastic reinforclng means,

Y' multiple strips or bars,

.entially rotatable member, in part forming with the treatment member a separating passage, and embodying an expansible and ara- TY subjecting the expansible element to the saidl yieldable forces, substantially as described.

7.v ln' the combination ofa centrifugal ore "separator having a rotatable treatment mem'- ber with a separating surface,

a differentially lrotatable member, in part forming with the ab eforces,

' expanding and compressing re atively' varying rassure of said' forces and treatment membera separatin passage, and embodyingy an. expansible an contractible element comprising comparatively non-elastic reinforcing means, 1 being multiple strips or bars lying transverse to the courseof rotation, yie 'da le fibrous fabric disposed within the zone of said reinforcing means and on opposite sides of said strips or bars'and secured together between them, the two combined and cooperating in formation of the said element, dapted to operate between yieldably forces, .and to automatically. yield to means for subject- A the expansible element to the saideyieldsubstantially as described;

8. In'the combination of a centrifugal ore sep arator having a rotatable treatment member with a separating surface, a differentiallyl rotatable member, impart forming with-the treatment member a separatin passage, and embodying anv expansible an contractible element comprising comparatively non-elas tic reinforcing meansdisposed' in multiple yieldabl. ex ending to atonliatically yield to relative y varyzonesor areas with spaces etween the-zones, yieldable fibrous fmaterial disposed within said zones, and elastic substance,-'the three combined and co erating in formation of the said element, a apted to operate between and compressin forces,

greeting) the expansible element to the said l'yielda le forces, substantially as described. '6. In the combination of a centrifugal ore V eing embodying an expansible and. to yield ing pressure of said forces yieldable forces, substantially as described.

9. ln the combination of a centrifugal ore separator' having a rotatabletreatment meniber with a separating surface, a diderentially rotatable member, in part forming with the treatment member a separating passage, and embodying an expansibie and contractible element comprising comparatively non-'elastic' reinforcing means, yie dable fibrous mate 4rial and elastic substance,-tlie three combined and coperating in formation of the outer Wall of said element, adapted to operate between lyieldably expanding and compressing forces and to yield to relatively varying pressure of said forces, said element provided, with an inner wallf-the two being anchored together at intervals and the inner. wall at such anchorage p'ansion of the outer wall, substantially as described. l

10. In the combination of a centrifugal ore separator having a rotatable treatment mem; ber with a separating surface, a differentially rotatable member, invpart forming with the treatment m'ember a separatin passage, and Aan contractible element comprising comparatively non-elastic reinforcing means disposed in multiple -zones or areas with spaces between said zones,

yieldable fibrous material and elastic substance,the three combined and coperating vin formation of the outer wall of said element, adapted to operate between yieldably expanding and. compressing forces, and to yield to relatively varying pressure of said forces, said element provided with an inner wall, the two Walls being-anchored together between thereinforced zones, and the inner wall bein yieldable at the anchora e to expension o the outer wall, substantia scribed.

and means for subjectirig the 'expansible element to the'said ly as debeing yieldable to eX- eoV 114. In the combination of a centrifugal ore separator having a rotatable treatment member with a separating surface, a dlfferentlal'ly rotatable member, in part forming with thetreatment member a separatin passage, an

embodying en expansible an element comprlsing com tic reinforcing means, yie

rial and elastic substance,-the three com-I binedland co said element a erating'in formation of the expansion body a compression body of liquidunder pressure to the relativelyvarying pressure of s'aidrbodies of liquid.

12. In the combination of a centrifugal ore separator having a rotatable treatment membergwitha separating surface, a differentially rotatable member, in part form- With the treatment member a separating contractible aratively non-elasl dable fibrous matej lapted to operate between an of liquid under pressure and passage, and-embodying an eXpansible and contractible element comprising comparatively non-elastic reinforcing means, yieldable fibrous material disposed Within the zone of the reinforcing means and elastic substancethe three .combined and cooperating in formation of the said element,

adapted to operate lbetween yieldably. eX'- panding and compressing forces and to 7automatically yield to relatively varying pressure of said forces, the said reinforcing means adapted to prevent materials arching or bulgingin a direction transverse to the course of rotation, substantially as described.

13. In a4 centrifugal separator, the combination of' a rotatable member. having 'a separating surface, a member diferentiallyl rotatable thereto in partforming with said first member a separating passage, the

`.second member embodying an element in proximity to the separating surface, .adapted 4'to be expanded by liquid .ressure, ycomprisrotatable thereto in part forming Wit'hsaidfirst member a se arating passage, 4the sec'n ond Vmember em odying an" element proximity to 'the separating surface, adapted to be expanded by liquid, res'sure, 'comprising .mpamtvely non e astic` reinforcing.

means, being multiple strips vonbars adapted to prevent material arching transverse to the course of rotation, yieldable fibrous material v .dis osed within the zone' of the said strips or ars andsecured together between themy and elastic substance, the three combined and cooperating in formation of said element, andmeans adapted vto supply -liquid for effecting said expanding pressure, substantially as described.

'15. In a centrifugalseparator, the com-'- bination of -a rotatable member havingl a separating surface, a member differentially rotatable thereto' in part formingl with said lst member a separating passage, the sec- ,ondfmemberembodying an element in proximity to lthe se aratingsurface adapted to be expanded by liquid pressure, comprising comparatively non elastic reinforcing means, being multiple strips or bars 'lying transverse tothe course of rotation, yieldable fibrous material disposed within the zone- Vand on opposite sides 'of said stri s or bars -and secured together. between t em, and

elastic substance, the three combined and cooperating in "Jrination of said element, and means adapted to supply liquid for effecting said y expanding pressure, substanm tially as described.

16. `Inga centrifuga.l separator, the combie nation of al rotatable member forming one Wall of a separating passage, and a member differentially rotatable thereto in part forming the separating passage which is adapted to contain` a body of liquid While in operation, the secondgmember embodying an element laving Walls With multiple layers having an expansion liquid chamber interposed between them, .said layers being anchored together at intervals and `the outer layer vadapted to be expanded by liquid pressure,-

and to be periodically contracted by pressure .of liquid in the separating' passage, and the inner layer adapted to strctch'to expansion of the'outer layer, substantially as described.

17:. In" the combination of' a centrifugal ore separator having a rotatable treatment member With a separating surface, addieren? tially rotatable member, in partfo'rming with the treatment member a' separating passage, and embodying an eXpansible and contractible element comprising comparativel nonelastic reinforcing means and yie dable fibrous binder means, the latter disposed.

withinthc one of the reinforcing means and on opposit sides of thereinforcing'means and secged together the zone of the reinforcing'meansf-the two combined and coperatingvin formatio'nof said expansibie element, adapted to operate between, yieldablyA expanding and compressing, forces and to yield to relatively varying-pressure of said forces, substantiallyas described. I

18.1Inj the combination ofva centrifugal ore separator havinga rotatable treatment member With a s'eparatmg surface, a differentially rotatable member, in part formi/mf.; with the treatment'member a separating passage,

and embodying an expansible and contractible element, comprising comparatively nomv elastic 'reinforcing means and yieldabfie fibrous binder means disposed Within the zone of the reinforcing mea ns,-the two combined and cooperating in formation of the said ele ment adapted to operate between an eXpansionbody of liquid' vand a compression. body of liquid and' to automatically yield to relatively varying pressure of said bodies of lic,m uid', substantially as described.

19. ln the combination, of a centrifugal ore separator vhaving a rotatable treatmeiiit'- member with a separating surface, a differen- .tially rotatable member, in part forming Wit the-treatment member a separating passage, and embodying an expansiblev andcontraotiw ble element comprismg comparatively non# elastic 'rein-forcing means and -yieldablel lio blous rbinding mens disposed Within. the jeetng the -expasible elemet to seid yel pansible eemem: being adapted to operate zones of and on opposite sides of said reinaole expansenend complessonforces, sub-f le forclng means and secured together Wlthm ,stanpmy as descrlbed.

T. r the4 zone of sald emfolemg means, the eX PHLH, E PE ha between yleldablyexpandng and compress- Witnessee; mg forces amd to yield t0 relalvely varymg Mt PEC-K, pressure of sind forces,k and means for sub* 'W. H. PMK.

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